Russian Newspapers Research Articles

Ukraine and Russia: How did a widely read Russian newspaper argue Russia’s case in 2014?

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 had a preamble. In 2014, when then president Yanukovych fled Ukraine in the course of the Maidan protests, the loss of its ally in Kyiv prompted Russia to instigate pro-Russian and military activities in Crimea. This culminated in Russia, after a disputed referendum, incorporating Crimea as a Russian republic on 18 March 2014. This article investigates how the widely read Russian weekly newspaper Argumenty i Facty (Arguments and Facts) portrayed the situation in the months prior and subsequent to the annexation of Crimea. In the period December 2013 to March 2014, Argumenty i Facty published 122 articles and opinion pieces on the Ukrainian and Crimean events. This study assesses Argumenty i Facty’s reasons to justify the annexation of Crimea, such as the plight of the sootechestvennik (literally “those who are with the fatherland”), referring to ethnic Russians residing outside Russia, Ukraine’s inferior quality of life compared to Russia’s “powerful economy” and nostalgic recalls of common history during Soviet times and in earlier centuries. The analysis of these articles points to differences in argumentation but also shows Russia’s mindset and determination to use any means necessary to redraw borders to its ends.

Homicide-Suicide in Russia and Pakistan: Observations From Press Media Reports.

This study compares the features of homicide-suicide in Russia and Pakistan. To understand this, we conducted a content analysis of news reports about homicide-suicide published in Pakistani and Russian newspapers between March 2020 and May 2023. We identified 35 and 104 homicide-suicide cases in Pakistani and Russian media, respectively. Men were three to five times more likely to commit homicide-suicides than women (3.16: 1 in Russia; 4.83: 1 in Pakistan). Accounting for over 65.73% of all homicide-suicides, spousal homicide-suicides and filicide-suicide were the most common homicide-suicides in both regions. Filicide-suicides were more often done by Russian women and extra-family homicide-suicides by Pakistani women. Reasons for homicide-suicides in Pakistani women were divorce or separation and in Russian women - mental disorders. With the difference of homicide in the victims, Pakistani victims were aged 15-30years, while Russian were 31-45years and 46years and older. There were more similarities in homicide-suicides than differences.

The Image of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the Russian Press During the Sanction Pressure on the Country, 1992–1995

Many studies have recently focused on the tragic events in the Balkans from 1991 to 1995. The Yugoslav crisis researchers examined various aspects of the crisis, including its causes, stages, and consequences, as well as Russia’s Yugoslav policy at the time. Nevertheless, neither domestic nor foreign authors have provided in-depth coverage of the Yugoslav crisis in the Russian press. The issue of the “image of the other”, particularly in crisis situations, has taken on a wide range of, often asymmetrical, configurations, and it is becoming increasingly relevant for preserving humanity’s long-term development. Examining it can help one gain a better understanding of the media’s role as the most important communicator in interethnic dialogue. In this paper, we will examine articles from four Russian newspapers with opposing political views, namely “Pravda”, “Rossiyskaya Gazeta”, “Nezavisimaya Gazeta”, and “Izvestia” on international sanctions imposed on Yugoslavia at the time, and the country’s situation between 1992 and 1995. We will examine its perspectives on the sanctions, its causes, and consequences. Journalists from four Russian newspapers reported on events in the Balkans in the first half of the 1990s, analyzed the consequences of international sanctions and took into account important factors of the Yugoslav crisis such as the role of the Western countries in the conflict, Slobodan Milošević's political ambitions, and etc. Some journalists have taken an openly pro-Serbian stance, criticizing not only the US and Western European policies towards Belgrade, but also the “inactivity” of the Russian diplomacy, although the majority of them have showed restraint in their assessments of the Balkans situation. They portrayed Yugoslavia as an isolated country by informing their readers about the reasons for imposing sanctions, its nature, and Western policy toward it.

“Germany and the Balkan Feud”: The Russian Press Assessment of German Policy During the Two Balkan Wars of 1912–1913

By analysing leading Russian newspapers on the eve of the Great War, the author illustrates the perception of German policy by Russian public opinion during the two Balkan wars of 1912–1913. He concludes that during the ten months of the Balkan crisis, the attitude of the Russian press towards Germany underwent a significant transformation. In the first two months of the Balkan War (October and November 1912), when Berlin was not openly declaring its support for Austrian claims, one could find favourable comments on German policy in Russian newspapers. The attitude of the Russian press to Germany shifted in a negative direction under the influence of Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg’s speech in the Reichstag on 2 December 1912, when for the first time since the beginning of the Balkan War Berlin publicly declared its readiness to back its Austrian ally’s claims with arms in hand. Russian society experienced even greater disappointment in German politics after the start of the London Meeting of Ambassadors, at which the German representative supported the proposals of the Austrian side, and after a new speech by Bethmann-Hollweg in the German parliament on April 7, 1913, when the Reich Chancellor declared “racial opposites” between the Slavic and German peoples and laid full responsibility for maintaining a tense the situation in Europe affects the pan-Slavic circles of Russia. These two speeches by the head of the German government and Berlin’s support for Austrian claims at the London Conference were negatively perceived by the overwhelming majority of the Russian press. At the same time, the disagreements between Germany and Austria-Hungary that emerged during the Bucharest Peace Conference and immediately after it gave the Russian press reason to declare a serious crisis of the Triple Alliance. The article concludes that there was a significant increase in anti-German sentiment in Russia under the influence of German behavior during the Balkan crisis of 1912–1913. Thus, the two Balkan Wars became an important milestone not only in the history of international relations at the beginning of the 20th century, but also in the propaganda preparations for the First World War.

“Hurry! Be smart! Buy Trump’s fine art!” Transforming winged phrases from Soviet films into headings in Russian newspapers

ABSTRACT This paper examines the transformational features and usage of “winged phrases” – in this case quotations from Soviet films that have become catchphrases in spoken and written Russian – in the headings of articles from three Russian newspapers. Data were selected between 2017 and 2018 from Komsomol′skaia pravda (Moscow edition), Izvestiia, and Literaturnaia gazeta. First, the authors identify the transformational features of these phrases; second, they analyze the nature of their usage, drawing on Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of dialogism. The study reveals two new types of transformations (grammatically associative and lexical) that have not been identified in previous literature. It also demonstrates how the prism of dialogism affords new insights into the socio-historical and multi-voiced richness of winged phrases, extending our understanding of the complex plasticity of the structural and heteroglossic features of these phrases over time.

НОВАЯ СТРАНИЦА В УЧЕБНИКЕ «ИСТОРИИ МЕДИЦИНЫ»: «ДОЛГ» И «ГЕРОИЗМ», КАК ДОМИНАНТНЫЕ ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ КАТЕГОРИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ГЕРОИЗМА РОССИЙСКИХ ВРАЧЕЙ В ЗОНЕ СВО НА УКРАИНЕ)

In education, the task is to create new, relevant textbooks on National history this also applies to textbooks on the "History of Medicine" and "Bioethics". The importance of the basic ethical categories (duty, responsibility, honor, justice, humanism, mercy, compassion) in medical deontology remains important, especially the question of the real implementation of these principles in the daily work of a doctor. The problem has become especially relevant in connection with the implementation of the SVO in Ukraine. Here the ethical categories of "duty" and "heroism" find an organic synthesis. The purpose of the study: To consider the deontological concepts of "duty" and "heroism" in the socio-historical aspect on the examples of the actions of Russian doctors in the SVO zone in Ukraine. New: In this work, for the first time in a scientific article, the principles of "medical duty" and "heroism of doctors" are analyzed based on the specifics of the SVO (Special Military Operation) in Ukraine, the study is based on media materials (TV, Internet, Russian newspapers). Thus, materials are offered for the creation of a new textbook on the "History of Medicine". The research methods used in writing the article: the principle of historicism allows us to consider events in development; - dialectics is a kind of discourse in understanding human behavior in an extreme situation; - hermeneutic analysis, consideration of categories in the context of events; sociological method – the study analyzes modern media. The current socio-political situation has contributed to the manifestation of the best qualities of the doctor's personality in special conditions. So, the biography of an ordinary person-a doctor, in fact, becomes a history textbook! The events in the SVO zone in Ukraine are a new page in National history, including in the history of medicine.

Views of the Baltic German Press on the Traditions of Other Nationalities in Riga’s Music Life in the 1870s–1880s: The Influence of the Political Context

Abstract The history of German presence in the territory of Latvia began in the thirteenth century, when Germans arrived here as crusaders. From that time until the nineteenth century, they played the dominant role in the economic and political life of the region. In the second half of the nineteenth century, however, the situation changed. After the abolition of serfdom (1817–1819), Latvians greatly improved their economic and educational status, and the new Latvian intelligentsia expressed its opposition to German dominance in the region. The Latvian national revival of that period was supported by the Russian authorities with a somewhat selfish interest. The aim of this paper is to answer the question: how did these processes affect the descriptions of music life in the press, or, more precisely, one aspect of press commentaries – the Baltic Germans’ views on the traditions of other nationalities? It has been found that many reviews confirm the Baltic Germans’ interest and openness towards other national traditions. At least some of the German music critics do not deserve to be criticised for ignoring the music life of ethnic Latvians as described in Latvian periodicals. The political context, however, comes to the fore when discussing not the music itself, but the press publications or speeches that include some ‘provocative’ elements – be it claims to the premises of the Rigaer Stadttheater voiced in a Russian newspaper, or efforts to deny the inspiring role of Germans in Latvian cultural history.

Coverage in the periodical press of tsarist Russia of the colonial policy on the Kazakh land

Relevance. In 1867, newspapers, magazines and books published in many languages around the world began to collect materials about Central Asia as a whole, including the Turkestan region and Kazakhstan. This work was carried out until 1939 with interruptions, as a result of which a very large and scientifically significant �Turkestan Collection� was compiled with a total volume of 594 volumes. The collection is kept in the collection of rare manuscripts and books of the National Library of Uzbekistan �Alisher Navoi�, includes journalistic materials of various genres published in newspapers and magazines not only in tsarist Russia, but also in other foreign countries.Purpose. This paper aims to analyze the coverage of Russian colonial policies in Kazakhstan as documented in the �Turkestan Collection�, emphasizing how this body of work reflects and influences historical perceptions.Methodology. An extensive review of journalistic materials from the �Turkestan Collection� was conducted, focusing on articles published in Russian newspapers and magazines from 1867 to 1939. The materials include a wide range of genres and reflect both Russian and foreign perspectives on the events in the region.Results. The analysis reveals that the �Turkestan Collection� primarily portrays the Russian colonial endeavors in a positive light, often diminishing the significance of local resistance and the negative impacts of colonization. The collection was influenced by the political climate of the time and served as a tool for Russian propaganda.Conclusions. The �Turkestan Collection� serves as a significant historical resource that offers insights into Russian colonial policies and their portrayal in the media. However, its biased representation underlines the importance of critical analysis when using such collections for historical research, emphasizing the need to balance these accounts with other sources to gain a comprehensive understanding of the historical events in Central Asia.

The media image of the higher education concept in the English, Chinese and Russian languages

The article considers the HIGHER EDUCATION (HE) concept in the media landscape of American, Chinese and Russian newspapers. The material for the research comprised 273 news articles over the period 2010-2023, containing the keyword ‘higher education’ in their headlines. The research methods included continuous sampling, content analysis, thematic classification, problem identification, keyword selection, and contrastive analysis. The findings show that the number of Chinese news articles with HE in their headlines is considerable higher (approximately by 70%) than in the American and Russian newspapers. This phenomenon is explained by the positioning of HE as a vector of national economy development in China. The Chinese concept HE includes a wide access to HE, active international collaboration and the development of Chinese regions. The American concept HE is exposed as the sum total of social-economic issues caused by insufficient financial resources and unequal opportunities for different demographic categories. The concept HE in the Russian media space is represented as a phenomenon providing opportunities for personal development and career growth. Intercultural similarities and differences are identified in the language representations of the most relevant semantic relations. The common conceptual properties across the cultures are HE quality improvement and the compliance of graduates with labor market requirements.

Близкие, далекие: Давид Бурлюк и А. Ветлугин [Close, Distant: David Burliuk and A. Vetlugin

The article addresses a short (1923—1925) but at the same time extremely important period in the shaping of destinies of two Russian émigrés—artist and poet David Burliuk and journalist, prose writer and figure of the American film industry A. Vetluguin (Vladimir Ryndziun). What makes them alike is the very choice of the destination country (the US), which was uncommon for post-revolutionary refugees from Russia, and in the fact they worked for the same New York Russian newspaper. What sets them apart, however, is their different attitudes towards America, Americanism and their entirely polar answers to the question of whether to integrate into the American society or not. KEYWORDS: Lazar Fleishman at 80, 20th-Century Russian Literature, David Burliuk (1882—1967), A. Vetluguin (Vladimir Ryndziun, 1897—1953), Russkii Golos (New York), Russian Diaspora, History of Literature.

«Печальное самоочарование чина»: российская пресса о деятельности комиссии по пересмотру Устава о службе гражданской 1895 года

Using the method of content analysis, this article examines publications from popular Russian newspapers “Novoe Vremya,” “Russkie Vedomosti,” “Svet,” “Nedelya,” and “Russkoe Slovo” dedicated to the activities of the Commission for the Revision of the Statute on Civil Service of 1895. By utilizing data from unpublished documents of the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA), the author aims to answer questions regarding public opinion towards civil ranks, the reform of the civil rank system, and how this issue was reflected in periodicals of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The results of the content analysis complement previously conducted research and reveal additional details about the impact of civil service reform on various aspects of public life during the studied period.

ART OR ISKUSSTVO? PECULIARITIES OF RECODED LEXICAL ITEMS ASSIMILATION IN MASS MEDIA

Problem statement. The problem of using foreign words is still relevant for the last decades due to a wide-spread “invasion” of Anglicisms and Americanisms. The article presents the analysis of foreign words that are widely used in modern press but not considered as a part of the Russian language system. Lexical items recoded into Russian from a foreign language are determined as a specific object of study. Results. More than 5000 examples of using the word «art» in modern Russian newspapers have been revealed during the research. A complex quantitative and qualitative analysis in regards to graphics, semantics, syntactics and stylistics has been provided. Some features of recoded words assimilation at graphic, morphologic, syntactiс and semantic levels are presented. Some peculiarities of graphic representation of foreign words depending on the language source are noticed. It has been found that recoded words receive some characteristics not given in their language source even before they enter a system of the recipient language. Conclusion. The author comes to the conclusion that formal recoding of the significant is only an initial stage of foreign words assimilation. The recoded lexical items go through the process of language acquisition not only at graphic but also morphologic and syntactic levels as well as they undergo some semantic changes. Thus the words in focus represent potential reserves that can become parts of modern Russian language.

LIMBAJUL PROPAGANDEI ÎN PRESA RUSĂ DIN ZILELE NOASTRE

This paper is an analysis of the language used by Russian journalists to describe the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, specifically the ongoing full-scale invasion started in February of 2022. In this article we rely on the 1928 study Propaganda, written by the American theorist Edward Bernays, which allows us to reveal a great number of similarities between current uses of propaganda and the way it was instrumentalized in the 20th century. Using the techniques, methods and principles of military propaganda as a basis, we analyzed several articles from a well-known Russian newspaper. The aim of this paper is to help develop an effective methodology to analyze and filter media information.

The Translational Fiction Literature in the Armenian Magazines of Tiflis (1860–1881)

The article analyzes the tendencies of the development of Armenian translated fiction and its importance as a communication channel in the genesis of national identity. The magazines under study published those works in which the collective image of the nation and its axiological system were embodied, and parallels were drawn between its past and present. Under the influence of socio-political and cultural factors, translated literature developed both in intralinguistic and inter-lingual directions and turned into one of the main catalysts for the formation of the modern Armenian language. The literature translated into Armenian improved the structure of the modern Armenian literary language and replenished its vocabulary with neologisms and borrowed words. Quantitative and qualitative analysis indicates that the thematic vector is shifting from social problems to patriotic content. Compositions of patriotic themes, in addition to aesthetic perception, awakened the national dignity of the Armenian people, faith in the revival of the Homeland, and Their own future. Comparison with the Russian newspaper “Kavkaz” (“Caucasus”) of the same period confirms the directly opposite thematic preferences of the editors: the literary geography in the Russian newspaper covered the South-East, and in the Armenian magazines – the North-West.

SOCIO-POLITICAL VOCABULARY FORMATION IN THE MEDIA OF WESTERN RUSSIAN REGIONS

SOCIO-POLITICAL VOCABULARY FORMATION IN THE MEDIA OF WESTERN RUSSIAN REGIONS

Analyzing Media Coverage on the fall of Kabul A Critical Analysis of National and International Newspapers

The present study aims to investigate the portrayal of the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan in the news coverage of Pakistani newspaper Dawn, the U.S. newspaper, the New York Times, a Russian newspaper, the Moscow Times, and the Indian newspaper, The Hindu during the fall of Kabul from 16 July to 14 September 2021. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the newspapers of the selected four countries cover the withdrawal in the light of their respective national interest. This study analyzes the media and government relationship, whereas the study mainly revisits the application of ‘indexing theory’ in the context of the media’s coverage of the issue of Afghanistan quantitatively and qualitatively to determine the soft or otherwise critical relationship between media and government. The results, which are mixed in their nature, suggest that the elites’ differences on the issue of the US forces’ withdrawal from Afghanistan, coupled with the state of uncertainty over the issue of Afghanistan. Revisiting the Indexing Theory in the context of activated oppositional voices in the United States, hence the US newspaper The New York Times, and even the Russian newspaper, the Moscow Times, were found more critical to the governments than Dawn and The Hindu, which highlighted the issue of Afghanistan more in the context of ‘proximity’ extended support to their respective governments respectively.

Leo Tolstoy’s novel “Anna Karenina” in interpretations of Iranian literary critics

The eastern reception of Leo Tolstoy’s oeuvre remains in the list of topical issues. It primarily refers to the Persian perception of the Russian writer’s literary and philosophical heritage because Iran, unlike other Asian countries, has been a closed country for a long time. In the pre-Soviet period (during the lifetime of the author of “War and Peace”), there was no information about the state of Tolstoy Studies in Iran, except for the Russian newspaper and magazine chronicles, which reflected the facts of the general Persian cultural reception of Leo Tolstoy. The situation did not improve during the Soviet period. It is enough to point out that despite the efforts of Iranian philologists, a complete bibliography of Persian translations of Leo Tolstoy’s works was not compiled, and in the works, presenting a general idea of the problem, information on the topic “Tolstoy in Iran” was taken from second-hand sources, without proper verification. In Iran itself, objective factors, related to the unsystematic nature of the source base about Leo Tolstoy, had an impact. The post-Soviet period has not observed Russian Tolstoy scholars’ sustained interest in the problem of the Persian image of Leo Tolstoy. At the same time, Iranian researchers prefer to consider the mechanisms of perceiving Russian literature as a single text, without its special and detailed disclosure based on the example of Leo Tolstoy. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of literary viewpoints on Leo Tolstoy’s novel “Anna Karenina” in Iran. It should be emphasized that this review does not claim to be complete: the chronological series, without which it is impossible to describe the receptive dynamics in the spectrum of assessments and interpretations, is far from being complete; the problem of the first references of Iranian literary criticism and literary studies to the novel (apparently, the 1920s) has remained unsolved. The task of the article is more modest: to a certain extent to fill in the gap of understanding how the famous novel was interpreted in Iran.

The Life of a Russian Newspaper: From Its Origin to the Digital Age

The article is a review of the monograph by A.A. Grabelnikova and T.S. Rodionova “Russian newspaper, digital environment and audience”. On the basis of the statistically used analysis in the literature, a conclusion was made about the broadest theoretical and practical basis for a monographic study. The main thesis of the book: newspapers develop where and when civil rights of the audience develop. The authors consistently and extensively show the process of the emergence and functioning of Russian newspapers, at each stage of which they trace the role of the audience and the transformations that subject-subject relations were subjected to in the media-audience system. The monograph is of theoretical and methodological significance for further media research both in the field of media history and in general theoretical research. In practical terms, the monograph is extremely useful for teachers of the history of Russian journalism.

Рамон Кабрера на страницах газеты «Санкт-Петербургские ведомости» в 1833−1840 годах

Through the prism of the publications in the Russian newspaper Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti, this article studies the activities of General Ramón Cabrera, who took part in the First Carlist War in Spain (1833−1840). The conflict was motivated by the dynastic dispute between Don Carlos, one of the brothers of King Ferdinand VII of Spain, who died in 1833, and the widow, Queen Maria Christina, who defended the right of her daughter Isabella II to the throne. In the course of the conflict, Cabrera led the partisans of Don Carlos in the Maestrazgo, a historical area that included parts of modern Catalonia, Aragon, and Valencia. The period of 1838−1839 became the “golden age” of Carlism in the region. This paper analyses mentions Ramón Cabrera in Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti between October 1833 and July 1840, i.e. throughout the conflict. A total of 1955 issues were studied, the war being mentioned in 1453 of them. The first mention of Cabrera in the newspaper dates back to 1834. However, the majority of the mentions were made during the final part of the conflict (1838−1840). In addition, the article provides examples of fake news, biographical paragraphs, and statements about the General by his comrades-in-arms. It is noted that some episodes of the war associated with Cabrera that later became widely known were only briefly touched upon in the newspaper. The General was a controversial figure in the eyes of his contemporaries, while Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti took a neutral position on Cabrera.

Cognitive Term Frame: Creation of a Dictionary Entry on the Basis of a Specialized Text Corpus

The study deals with testing a specialized text corpus on the example of a number of cognitive linguistic terms with the hypernym frame. The corpus includes a subcorpus of scientific texts and a subcorpus of journalistic texts. The former is represented by 13 journals indexed in the RSCI; the latter one is represented by 10 significant Russian newspapers & magazines. The collected texts were lemmatized and tokenized, as well as automatically marked up using the Universal Dependencies standard. The corpus is used for creating a learner’s cognitive linguistic term dictionary. This lexicographic source includes 60 major terms in the university disciplines within cognitive sciences. The novelty of the approach is due to the thesaurus-encyclopedic type of dictionary which allows scholars to describe the word both as a term (a minimal component of scientific knowledge) and as a unit of scientific text in its various collocations and ontological relations (synonymy, quasi-synonymy, class-subclass; polysemy, etc.). The basis for describing the term systemic relations is corpus statistics: analysis of concordances, collocations, and n-grams. The results of using a specialized text corpus are presented on the example of a terminological field with the dominant frame. With the help of concordance lists, contexts of term usage are revealed and its derivational relations are established. The semantic and grammatical relationships of the term are characterized through n-grams analysis. Synonyms, hyponyms, hyperonyms of the term are described based on the study of collocations. The Dashinimaeva-Wang hypothesis about the links between the terms ‘concept’, ‘frame’, ‘gestalt’, and ‘image’ was also tested. Briefly characterized were the semantic transformations of the scientific term in the media discourse. Besides, systemic relations of the terms identified on the basis of corpus statistics were confirmed by the method of interpretative analysis of the contexts obtained from concordance lists. The data of automatically selected associative measures also largely agree with the results of the associative experiment carried out in the framework of the study.