The Ukrainian system of education, the system of spiritual values, the education system laid the leading ideas of the national-liberation Cossack movement, laid the foundations of social life that required the development of economy, culture of education and upbringing. During the Cossack era, different types of educational institutions operated in Ukraine under the mighty protection of the Cossack armed forces. Along with the academies, colleges, fraternal, deacon, church, monastery, folk arts and crafts schools (kobzar, pottery, bourgeoisie, etc.) worked hundreds and regimental schools and schools of law. These educational institutions were dominated by the freedom-loving democratic spirit of the Cossacks. Prominent place was given to ideas and means of folk pedagogy, Ukrainian studies. All the pupils, together with their parents and teachers, actively participated in the implementation of folk traditions, customs and ceremonies. Particular attention should be paid to folk education, which was one of the most important areas of national education. At its core were songs, dooms, ballads, proverbs, tales of the Cossacks, their heroic struggle against alien invaders - Tatars, Turks, Polish gentry and the Russian autocracy. Various kinds of folk art - decorative, applied, musical, dance, embroidery, woodwork, woodcarving, etc., saturated with national motives, had a great educational impact on children. An important feature of Cossack pedagogy is the ability to develop feeling, perception, imagination, intuition, subconsciousness - everything related to the ideal sphere of personality. Our compatriots served the ideas and means of Cossack pedagogy not only in their families and educational institutions. Its principles, commandments, means influenced the formation of public opinion, character of the whole people. In this respect it is possible to speak about the sociality of Cossack pedagogy. Therefore, one of the most important essential features of the Cossacks’ way of life, their unity, were the deep national family traditions, customs, feelings that underpin their relationship with each other, other people. The historical experience of the development of Cossack pedagogy convinces that it is highly effective when children from an early age are brought up on Cossack-knightly traditions. Creatively considering the historical experience of Cossack upbringing, it is necessary to ensure that modern children in preschool are acquainted with historical stories, legends about Ukrainian Cossacks, Zaporizhzhya knights, legends about their lives and heroic struggle against alien invaders. Children should learn poems, songs about the love of the Cossacks to their native land.