Rural Landscape Research Articles

Wastelands of empire, sites of ‘salvation’: landscapes of ‘reform’ in late nineteenth-century Germany

This essay traces a rural network of modern carceral and internal colonial land enclosures developed in late nineteenth-century Germany. It considers the extent to which long-running debates over the value of penal colonialism and deportation for the management of societal ‘threats’ influenced shifts in carceral policy of the time, long thought to have been largely determined by the welfare reform movement of the Wilhelmine period and the notion of ‘protective supervision’ that prevailed in its wake. It is argued that certain aspects of convict colonialism, publicly interrogated by German legal theorists, were quietly adapted by carceral reform practices beginning in the 1880s. This essay speculates on the spatial and territorial implications of those adaptations, examining the little-known prison labour camps located in the sewage farms of Berlin after 1890, the model establishment of the rural labour colony founded by the pastor Friedrich von Bodelschwingh, and the Prussian Settlement Commission’s anti-Slavic, anti-migrant program of internal colonisation, established by the German Ministry of Agriculture in 1886. It is argued that links between them were crystallised in a racialised topos of waste, framed by an emergent environmental discourse that served to sediment difference. Together, these institutions of correction, the architectures of enclosure that attended them, and the segregated geographies that resulted from them transformed the meaning and administration of Germany’s rural landscape and demarcate modern imperial planning practices that mobilised space, territory, and environment as mediums of ‘progressive’ reform and ‘protective supervision’ tied to increasingly regimented and policed forms of settlement.

Landscape design and the therapeutic effect of haloperidol on BD

BackgroundLandscape design and art psychotherapy are two widely used methods in the field of mental health. Haloperidol is a common drug for treating bipolar disorder. Based on the theory of art psychotherapy, the relief effect of landscape design combined with haloperidol on patients with bipolar disorder will be studied.Subjects and MethodsSelect 80 patients with bipolar disorder and randomly divide them into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The control group patients were treated with haloperidol, while the experimental group was treated with garden design combined with haloperidol. Both groups were treated based on the theory of artistic psychotherapy. Compare the treatment effects of patients after a course of treatment, and use SPSS23.0 as a statistical analysis tool.ResultsThe research results indicate that there is a significant difference in the relief effect of patients between the experimental group and the control group after the end of the experiment. The relief effect of the experimental group patients was significantly better than that of the control group, with an average relief effect of 0.95 and 0.89 after the experiment, respectively. The treatment method of combining garden design with haloperidol is better than that of haloperidol alone.ConclusionsBased on the theory of artistic psychotherapy, the combination of landscape design and haloperidol can help patients with bipolar disorder better understand and manage emotional fluctuations, improve emotional stability, and thus facilitate the relief of bipolar disorder patients.Acknowledgement2022 Humanities and Social Sciences Project of Jiangxi University of Technology, Gene extraction and expression of traditional rural settlement landscape in Nanchang area (No.23RWYB04).

Psychological effects of landscape design on village residents’ anxiety: a guided study

BackgroundThe increasingly prominent psychological anxiety of villagers in rural areas has a negative impact on their lives and well-being. It is of great significance to find effective mitigation methods. Research on the guiding effect of rural landscape design on villagers’ psychological anxiety from the perspective of design psychology can provide help for alleviating the psychological anxiety of rural residents.Subjects and MethodsIn this study, 300 villagers from rural areas were selected as the experimental group among the villagers with psychological anxiety, who received teaching and appreciation of rural landscape design from the perspective of design psychology, while another 300 villagers from rural areas were selected as the control group, who did not receive relevant teaching and appreciation. The psychological Anxiety of the two groups of villagers was assessed by Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) once a quarter for a total of four quarters.Results At the end of the first quarter, the average anxiety score was 20 in the experimental group and 25 in the control group. At the end of the fourth quarter, the average anxiety score was 12 for the experimental group and 24 for the control group. The anxiety of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group.ConclusionsRural landscape design from the perspective of design psychology can effectively guide villagers’ psychological anxiety, and improve their emotional regulation ability and satisfaction with the rural environment. Therefore, rural areas should pay attention to the humanization and psychological orientation of landscape design to provide better psychological support and living environment for villagers.AcknowledgementJiangxi University Humanities and Social Science Research Fund Project, Rural old-age landscape construction under the background of rural revitalization—a case study of the communist youth community in the communist youth city (No.YS21235).

Probabilistic Risk Assessment of the Economy‐Wide Impacts From a Changing Wildfire Climate on a Regional Rural Landscape

AbstractA warmer and drier future combined with rising population trends will result in increased wildfire risk. The design of robust mitigation/adaptation strategies requires the assessment of the economy‐wide risks from potentially more frequent large wildfire events under different futures. This study uses a novel interdisciplinary approach by integrating wildfire climate and land‐use forecasts into probabilistic and simulation models of wildfires to estimate direct impacts using damage curves and indirect impacts as lost Gross Domestic Product (GDP) using a computable general equilibrium model. Based on the financial concept of Value at Risk, a probabilistic measure of extreme economy‐wide impacts was developed using GDP as the representative metric, namely “GDP at Risk (G@R),” under various climatic and socio‐economic scenarios. Using the new metric in the Waikato, New Zealand as a case study, due its primary industries' national relevance, it was identified that there is a 5% probability that the region will experience GDP losses greater or equal to NZ$0.1–1.2 billion (similar to the regional GDP growth in 2021) over a 48‐year period from future potential large wildfires affecting vulnerable primary industries. The regional impacts result in larger national GDP losses by a factor of 5 due to the high dependence of downstream sectors on the regional primary industries. While “G@R” estimates are similar across socio‐economic scenarios, there are no discernible patterns when compared across midcentury climate scenarios. The approach developed could be used to assess the consequences from afforestation projects, driven by mitigation policies, and adaptation strategies to reduce wildfire risk.

TRANSFORMING GUJARAT’S RURAL LANDSCAPE: NEW POLICY FOR EMPOWERING YOUTH

The rural education landscape in Gujarat, India, has long been burdened by various challenges that hinder the empowerment and development of its youth. In response, a new policy has been introduced to transform the educational system and provide greater opportunities for rural youth. This abstract provides an overview of the policy's key elements and objectives. The policy recognizes the need for inclusive and equitable access to quality education for all rural students. It addresses disparities in infrastructure, resources, and teaching methodologies, aiming to bridge the urban-rural education divide. The primary goal is to empower youth by equipping them with the knowledge, skills, and competencies needed to thrive in a rapidly evolving global landscape. To achieve this, the policy focuses on enhancing the quality of education through investments in teacher training programs, curriculum development, and pedagogical reforms. It promotes the use of technology-enabled learning tools and innovative teaching methods that encourage critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity. The policy also emphasizes the importance of vocational education and skill development. It aims to strengthen vocational training programs, establish industry-academia linkages, and encourage entrepreneurship among students. This approach equips youth with practical skills aligned with the evolving job market, fostering employability and economic self-sufficiency. Moreover, the policy advocates for comprehensive student support systems, including career counselling, mentorship programs, and scholarships. Special attention is given to marginalized and disadvantaged groups, aiming to address social and gender disparities within the rural education system. Effective collaboration between government agencies, educational institutions, civil society organizations, and the community is crucial for the policy's success. Robust monitoring and evaluation mechanisms are proposed to assess progress, identify gaps, and make necessary adjustments for long-term impact. By transforming Gujarat's rural education landscape, this policy seeks to empower youth with the knowledge, skills, and confidence needed to overcome socio-economic challenges and contribute meaningfully to society. It aspires to create a future generation of capable, self-reliant individuals who actively participate in the growth and development of their communities and the nation as a whole.

An Interdisciplinary Secondary School Didactic Unit based on Local Natural and Cultural Heritage

ABSTRACT This article describes an educational path, and subsequent experimentation, for a local cultural and natural heritage didactic unit, focusing on understanding the concepts of heritage, landscape and life in a specific mountain area. The unit, aimed at secondary school children, presents its pedagogical purpose through different methods including worksheets, glossaries, guides, and activity booklets. This study of local heritage focuses on education in relation to the specific field of heritage. Problems currently affecting the region – abandonment, depopulation, and the progressive loss of knowledge and of cultural assets of the past – are central to this didactic unit, which seeks to enhance cultural awareness of local heritage. Several pedagogical techniques incorporating different graphical and textual options are implemented to characterize the setting. The analysis explains the characteristics of the unit and its results in the form of intellectual output. It promotes progressive learning based on the recognition of natural and cultural characteristics of the rural landscape while also developing transversal skills such as innovation, social and cognitive values, and awareness of sensibility and sustainability. This pedagogical tool, which is based on a joint objective and subjective approach exercised both by investigators and the local population, aims above all to encourage the interest of children and of individuals with closer ties to the territory.

Do carbon sequestration and food security in urban and rural landscapes differ in patterns, relationships, and responses?

The urbanization process and implementation of various ecological restoration projects have altered the urban-rural landscape patterns and ecosystem services (ESs). Do carbon sequestration and food security, which can be found differences in patterns in both urban and rural landscapes, reflect these relationships and responses? Therefore, taking the Wuding River Basin as an example, we analyzed the variations in carbon sequestration and food security across diverse urban-rural landscapes, and the evolving trade-offs/synergies between them. The results showed that carbon sequestration and food security significantly increased in urban and rural landscapes over the past 20 years, with a greater increase observed in rural landscapes due to a substantial reduction in human pressure. The maximum increase in carbon sequestration occurred at a distance of 16.6 km from human settlements. Population decline significantly strengthened the trade-offs between carbon sequestration and food security in landscapes with high and low agricultural pressure. Conversely, in developed urban landscapes, population decline enhanced the synergistic relationship between carbon sequestration and food security. Understanding the evolving patterns of carbon sequestration and food security in different urban-rural landscapes provides important evidence for developing effective landscape planning and policy strategies, which is of great significance for promoting the sustainability of urban-rural landscapes.

Effects of urbanization on the efficiency and composition of vertebrate scavengers

As human populations continue to expand, urbanization will increase and impact ecosystem processes, contribute to habitat fragmentation, and alter community composition of species. While some species can adapt to the rapidly changing environment, urbanization can favor generalist species and reshape food webs, which may result in ecological instability. Determining how wildlife respond to urbanization is necessary for management and city planning purposes in order to create suburban areas where humans and wildlife can coexist. One area that needs more focus is the effects of suburbanization on scavenging species, and how land development can alter scavenging dynamics and the redistribution of carrion-derived nutrients within food webs. We used motion activated cameras to monitor experimentally placed fish carcasses in riparian zones of suburban and rural areas in northeast Georgia, USA. We conducted 300 trials across both landscapes that were scavenged by 7 mammalian, 2 avian, and 2 reptilian species. Our results revealed fish carrion within riparian areas was readily consumed by terrestrial scavengers. However, carcass fate (whether the carcass was scavenged or not) and carcass persistence differed between suburban and rural landscapes. Carcasses were scavenged by vertebrates less often and persisted longer in rural landscapes. Species richness was similar and mesocarnivores were the predominant scavengers in both landscapes. However, scavenging by the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) was more prevalent in the suburban landscape relative to the rural landscape (61% and 36% of scavenging events, respectively). While raccoons (Procyon lotor) scavenged carcasses fairly equally across both landscapes, the American black bear (Ursus americanus) and red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus) scavenged more frequently in rural areas. Our data suggest that suburban species, especially opossums, may be highly adapted to foraging in an anthropogenic environment. Additionally, nutrients from aquatic carcasses near water sources can readily move into terrestrial environments through scavenging. These results contribute to the growing body of scavenging ecology and the effects of urbanization on wildlife.

Open-Access Archaeological Predictive Modeling Using Zonal Statistics: A Case Study from Zanzibar, Tanzania

This paper presents a case study using zonal statistical analysis for archaeological predictive modeling with open-access software and free geospatial datasets. The method is applied to the rural landscapes of Zanzibar, Tanzania on the Swahili Coast. This study used QGIS (version 3.28) to perform zonal statistical analyses of environmental datasets weighted by settlement classes digitized from a 1907 historical map, to create predictive models for settlement across the island. These models were compared against the locations of major precolonial archaeological sites on the island and site data from a random stratified archaeological survey in an environmentally diverse region of northern Zanzibar. The results show strong correspondences between larger permanent site locations and areas of high likelihood for site detection in the predictive model. Additionally, there were correspondences between areas of lower likelihood for site detection and smaller, ephemeral sites related to agricultural production in swidden field plots. These results attest to Swahili rural complexity and enable an understanding of the specific environmental affordances that structured settlement and land use over the last millennium, in ways that shaped colonial contact in rural areas and altered the sociopolitical development of Zanzibar and the East African coast. The methods described here may be applicable for researchers and heritage managers in Africa and the Global South, where funding for large-scale field projects, expensive satellite imagery, or software licensing is limited.

Real estate oligarchs: elites and the urbanization of the land question in El Salvador

ABSTRACT This article explores the role of business elites in the conversion of rural landscapes into urban real estate in El Salvador. By analyzing elites’ imaginaries of development and strategies of dispossession, it examines the underlying rationalities that have driven rural-to-urban transformations since the postwar process of deagrarianization in the 1990s. I argue that elites have shifted their relationship with land from one centered international commodity markets to one focused on the establishment of rent-extractive property relations. In the context of financialization, this shift shapes much of the new dynamics on land and water grabbing in rural environments.

Distribution and Characteristics of Two Species of Stingless Bee Hives (Tetragonula spp.) in the Rural Landscape of Sumedang Regency (Indonesia)

Tetragonula beekeeping is in high demand, and the activity of hunting wild Tetragonula bees in nature is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the type and distribution of wild stingless bee colonies in the Sumedang area of Indonesia, as well as the characteristics of their hives in nature. We used survey methods in this research. Data collection was accomplished by studying and collecting biotic and abiotic data around hives. Two species of Tetragonula bees were found, namely Tetragonula laeviceps Smith at 71 locations in 6 sub-districts and Tetragonula drescheri Schwarz at 9 locations in 5 districts. Tetragonula bees like to occupy building gaps and holes in the stems of tall plants. Differences were found in the length of the hive entrance, the thickness of the hive door, the texture of the hive door, and the direction of the hive door for each species. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity greatly affect colony activity, whereas wind speed and weather conditions affect the condition of the hive door. The presence of food sources around the hive also affects the survival of the colony and colony activity.

Patterns of high-flying insect abundance are shaped by landscape type and abiotic conditions

Insects are of increasing conservation concern as a severe decline of both biomass and biodiversity have been reported. At the same time, data on where and when they occur in the airspace is still sparse, and we currently do not know whether their density is linked to the type of landscape above which they occur. Here, we combined data of high-flying insect abundance from six locations across Switzerland representing rural, urban and mountainous landscapes, which was recorded using vertical-looking radar devices. We analysed the abundance of high-flying insects in relation to meteorological factors, daytime, and type of landscape. Air pressure was positively related to insect abundance, wind speed showed an optimum, and temperature and wind direction did not show a clear relationship. Mountainous landscapes showed a higher insect abundance than the other two landscape types. Insect abundance increased in the morning, decreased in the afternoon, had a peak after sunset, and then declined again, though the extent of this general pattern slightly differed between landscape types. We conclude that the abundance of high-flying insects is not only related to abiotic parameters, but also to the type of landscapes and its characteristics, which, on a long-term, should be taken into account for when designing conservation measures for insects.

The effect of seasonality and weather conditions on human perception of the urban–rural transitional landscape

Landscape perception research into the impact of seasonally changing landscape characteristics with the simultaneous influence of the weather are rare. Therefore, eye-tracking metrics were calculated (fixation and saccades) for the whole tested landscape, while its areas of interest (AOIs) were established based on clustering methods. Moreover, the gaze pattern was analysed using the Voronoi cells method. To identify significant differences in landscape perception according to various weather and seasonality, nonparametric tests were applied. The significant influence of weather/seasonality and their synergistic influence is noticed. The results indicate a rather complex influence of the types of weather in warmer and cooler seasons. Regardless of the weather type, seasonal changes cause greater visual span and shorter fixations in the warmer season. The fixations and saccades are shorter in the warmer season in two AOI’s during positive weather, but are longer in negative weather during the colder season in most AOI’s. The main reasons for the influence of weather and seasonality on the visual perception include seasonal changes in the landscape, resulting in the appearance of the landscape from more urban to natural and vice versa (phenological changes) as well as lighting changes (due to seasonality and type of weather).

Are bees attracted by flower richness? Implications for ecosystem service-based policy

Agri-environmental policies aim to reverse the degradation of ecosystem services in rural landscapes by implementing biodiversity-based land-use solutions. One such agri-environmental measure is the contract for bee-forage fields in Estonia. We developed a multi-site experiment to estimate the effect of plant diversity on the quality properties of flower-based services, such as flowering duration (indicating functional stability) and the foraging activity of insect pollinators (indicating functional intensity). Each site consisted of eight randomly ordered strip-segments forming a flower diversity gradient.The period of abundant flowering was longer in all kinds of species mixture than in monocultures. However, the foraging activity of honey bees and bumblebees was greatest in monocultures and in a low-diversity mixture, while a balanced high-diversity mixture was least attractive. Foraging activity was lowered when an abundant melliferous plant species was flowering within a high-diversity mixture (i.e. high species richness, but low evenness). The extended flowering of species mixtures did not compensate for the lower daily visitation rate.We challenge the largely biodiversity-oriented agricultural policy designs. This case study provides evidence that plant species richness is not a comprehensive indicator of the service provision quality of an ecosystem. Specifically, low-diversity flower areas are the best foraging sites for bees and other flower visitors. A field mosaic of various monocultures and low-diversity mixtures seems to be the ecologically most efficient rural landscape design to support bees and other potential pollinators. Suggested and marketed pollinator-oriented seed mixtures should be quantitatively tested for ecological efficiency.

Landscape, agrobiodiversity, and local knowledge in the protected area “Quebrada de los Cuervos y Sierras del Yerbal,” Uruguay

IntroductionAgrobiodiversity and local knowledge are fundamental components in the domestication and structuring of rural landscapes. In a context of threats to agroecosystems resulting from changes in production systems and rural–urban migration processes, the conservation and valorization of agrobiodiversity is a pressing challenge. “Quebrada de los Cuervos and Sierras del Yerbal” is a protected landscape in Uruguay where a rural community of approximately 30 families with a long-standing tradition resides.MethodsThe research aimed at identifying current and abandoned (taperas) domestic contexts, and the plant genetic resources found in the area, categorizing their uses and management practices through interviews and participant observation.Results and discussionEthnographic research revealed 185 species (121 exotic, 64 native) with diverse growth habits, 10 categories of uses, and 11 categories for management practices. The differences found between houses and taperas revealed that the abandonment of activities in rural areas is a relevant factor in the loss of agrobiodiversity. Among the 185 species, a notable group of plant genetic resources of high cultural significance is recognized due to their consensus of use, frequency of management practices, and number of uses. These include introduced fruit trees (peach, citrus, and fig) and native fruit trees (guayabo del país, pitanga, and arazá), vegetable landraces, native trees with multiple uses, yerba mate, and medicinal species such as Aristolochia fimbriata. For domestic contexts, a model of spatial distribution of agrobiodiversity is proposed, cultivated spaces where the plant genetic resources are located in home gardens and small plots, managed spaces where the resources are found in the surroundings of houses, and promoted and intervened wild spaces where the species are used from natural grasslands and wild environments. The obtained information reaffirms the need to conserve this biocultural landscape, placing agrobiodiversity and local knowledge as a focal point in the protected area. The management plan must be formulated with active participation from the rural community, aiming for valorization through integration into agroecological production chains, among other possibilities.

Easier said than done: Shifting social imaginaries of rural landscapes of the Chaco-Pampas plain, Argentina (1996–2020)

“Slow” socio-cultural variables indirectly driving changes in rural landscapes, such as social imaginaries, are proposed to act as strong leverage points toward sustainability. Social imaginaries are systems of practices, discourses, and institutions that create meanings and expectations about how the world works. Here we analyze the way in which one of the bestselling newspapers of Argentina has framed articles with references to rural landscapes of the Chaco-Pampas Plain published between 1996 and 2020. We do this to assess the relative dominance of three social imaginaries of rural landscapes present in modern societies (i.e., productivist, sustainability, and conservationist). To do this, we selected 961 articles published in this newspaper and period, from which we extracted 1884 references containing ideas, beliefs, and visions about “how (rural landscapes) ought to be” or “what (type of landscapes) is worth struggling for”. Such references were codified using NVivo based on the landscape aspect that they referred to, and the type of manifestation (practice, discourse, or policy) and social imaginary that they expressed. The prevalence of the productivist imaginary decreased almost proportionally to the increase in the prevalence of the sustainability imaginary, with a displacement of the latter with respect to the former between 2006 and 2010. This dominance shift was manifested much earlier in discourses than in practices. We identified an early period dominated by the productivist imaginary (1996–2003), a transition period co-dominated by the three imaginaries (2004–2013), and a contemporary period co-dominated by the sustainability and conservationist imaginaries (2014–2020). These results suggest that ideas, beliefs, and visions of more biodiverse rural landscapes with lower negative externalities have gained strength in the last two decades. Nevertheless, there is a long delay between the moment when these ideas are expressed discursively, and the moment when they translate into the diffusion of practices, whose adoption will ultimately transform rural landscapes.

The application of big data technology in rural tourism landscape planning under the background of the intelligent era

Abstract In the background of the intelligent era, combining big data technology to improve rural tourism landscape planning and scale management is an important means to promote rural transformation and development and farmers’ employment and income. Firstly, a clustering algorithm is proposed to be applied to rural tourism landscape planning based on big data, and the clustering algorithm mainly consists of heat measurement, spatial analysis method, kernel density estimation and hot spot identification method. Then, based on the current situation of rural tourism landscape development in China, the rural tourism network structure evaluation index system is constructed, and the evaluation index system consists of network density, central potential, average path, and clustering coefficient. Finally, to verify the accurate prediction performance of the method in this paper, rural tourism in Guizhou province is selected as the research object, and the experiment consists of 100 statistical iterations of the accurate prediction performance of the two methods. The results show that the method of this paper: with the increase of the number of iterations, the prediction accuracy increases from the initial 78.62 to 99.3%, the average prediction accuracy is 93.56%, and the accuracy of rural tourism passenger flow demand prediction by the method of this paper is higher. This study guides the efficient flow of rural tourism and promotes the high-quality development of rural tourism, which is of great significance to the regional cooperation and coordinated development of rural tourism, spatial optimization and traffic diversion, planning and construction and marketing.

Agriculture As the Creator and Guardian Of The Rural Cultural Landscape

Cultural rural landscape in Poland is a subject to further civilizational changes, and this mutual penetration of natural and anthropogenic elements illustrates the relationship between the man and the nature. However recently the idea of sustaining such landscape in good condition has gained ground in science, policy and land use practice.

Potential of the Digital Information Platform Applied in Promotion of Rural Landscape in China: From Preliminary Practices to Framework Conception

The rural landscape is an integrated system of tangible and intangible cultural heritages in rural areas, which includes multiple attributes in terms of culture, spirit and nature. The multi-dimensional, holistic protection and promotion of the rural landscape is considered to be a challenging topic in the academic circle. In the past two decades, digital information platforms have been widely used in the field of protecting cultural heritage because of their convenience, as well as their cross-temporal and systematic nature. However, a digital information platform that is specifically designed for a rural landscape is still in the initial stage of experimentation and exploration, and there is a lack of systematic understanding and overall framework conception. In this paper, with the preliminary practice of the rural landscape digital information platform (RLDIP) in China in the past two decades as the example, a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis is conducted to deeply explore the data source, data type, data organization and functional structure of the platform samples. The common characteristics, potential in application and typical problems of the current platform are summarized. What is more, based on the need for a comprehensive rural revitalization in such developing countries as China, a framework conception of the rural landscape digital information platform (RLDIP) is proposed, and its data-classification system, functional structure and digital process are identified. This study will provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the digital information platform to develop its potential in overall protection, coordinated development and sustainable management of the rural landscape in the future.

Sonotopes reveal dynamic spatio-temporal patterns in a rural landscape of Northern Italy

A sonotope is characterized as a sonic patch that forms a hierarchical link between a finer, local scaled acoustic community and the coarser landscape scaled sonoscape. Unfortunately, the concept of sonotopes has yet to be empirically supported. We tested the hypothesis that a spatially explicit sample of sonic information from a heterogeneous landscape would exhibit spatially unique sonotopes with distinct spatio-temporal patterns and acoustic communities. We used the Acoustic Complexity Index (ACItf) to analyze sonic information (WAV) gathered from an array of 10 sound recorders deployed within a lattice of 10, 4-ha hexagonal sample sites distributed evenly throughout a 48-ha undivided heterogeneous landscape in Northern Italy. We examined the temporal patterns of sonic activity (ACItf) between seasons (March – July and August – November 2021) and across five astronomical periods of a 24-h day (Night I, Morning Twilight, Day, Evening Twilight, and Night II). We used cluster analyses to identify sonotopes from groupings of similar ACItf values for each sample site and visualized the spatial arrangements of sonotopes throughout our study area between seasons and among astronomical periods. Sonic activity from bird biophonies increased in March – July during the Day but in August – November greater sonic activity shifted to crepuscular and nocturnal periods with the biophonies from crickets. Sonotopes exhibited spatially unique, dynamic arrangements of patch size and placement depending on the season and astronomical period. We discuss how acoustic communities and continuous geophonies play a role in the arrangement of sonotopes and their relation to the sonoscape.