Rural Areas In Indonesia Research Articles

Social Capital in Determining Recipients of The Village Fund Cash Assistance (BLT-DD) in Woro Village, Indonesia

Village Fund Cash Assistance (BLT-DD) was reintroduced in 2020 as a program by the Indonesian Government to reduce the negative impacts of COVID-19. BLT-DD is distributed to poor people who meet certain eligibility requirements in many rural areas in Indonesia, including Woro Village in Bojonegoro Regency. In implementing the BLT-DD program, strong social capital is needed in determining the target recipients of the program. The research aims to analyze community social capital in the process of selecting applicants for the BLT-DD program. Focus on analyzing social capital element factors, namely trust, networks and norms using Structural Equation Modeling analysis based on Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) analysis.. Determining the sample using purposive sampling technique and calculations based on the Kirche Morgan formula obtained a sample of 95 respondents. The results of research on social capital show that trust is the most influential element of the social capital of the Woro Village community. However, there are other elements of social capital, namely networks and norms, that need to be increased. So that overall social capital can support program implementation effectively and on target in supporting post-COVID-19 village recovery.

PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI GURU MELALUI PELATIHAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN

This study discusses the development of teacher competence through teacher training learners (PTK) and its impact on improving the quality of learning in the village of Karang Indah. Karang Indah village is an example of many rural areas in Indonesia that face the challenge of improving the quality of Education. PTK training is directed to improve teachers ' understanding of the latest curriculum, innovative learning methods, learning evaluation, classroom management, and application of technology in learning. The research method used is a case study with a focus on evaluating the impact of training on teacher learning practices and student achievement. The result of this training is an increase in the understanding and skills of teachers in conducting class action research and teachers realize the importance of innovation in learning the results of service activities in general, namely the teachers participating in the activity have understood and skilled in conducting class action research (PTK), and teachers have been skilled in preparing class action research articles. This activity is expected to improve the competence of teachers in teaching. Therefore, it is recommended that the government and educational institutions pay more attention to the development of teacher competence through PTK training, especially in rural areas such as Karang Indah Village.

DETERMINAN IMUNISASI DASAR PADA BALITA DI INDONESIA: STUDI PEDESAAN

According to the results of the Riskesdas report, basic immunization coverage in Indonesia in 2017 only reached 59.4% and 57.9% in 2018. This figure is still far from the strategic plan target set by the Ministry of Health in 2019, namely 93%. The research aimed to analyze the factors that influence the incomplete basic immunization status of children in rural areas, Indonesia. This research is a quantitative research designCross Sectional. The data used is secondary data originating from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (SDKI). The sampling technique usedtotal sampling amounting to 3,111 children under five. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the determinants of incomplete basic immunization for toddlers in rural areas of Indonesia are less than 3 antenatal visits, delivery not in a health facility, distance to health facilities is a big problem, mother's age is less than 25 years, father's education is low, and the order of the 3rd child, etc. The chance of children not having complete basic immunization for toddlers in rural areas of Indonesia if all risk factors are present is 86%. The most dominant risk factor influencing incomplete basic immunization status is fewer than 3 antenatal visits. It is recommended that health workers prioritize health promotion programs regarding the benefits of antenatal visits by approaching community leaders, especially midwives.

Factors Related to Suicide Idea in the Rural Area of Indonesia

Background: People in rural areas in Indonesia have many challenges and problems that lead to psychosocial. The lack of mental health facilities and services result in severe mental issue like depression which can lead to suicide. Thus, Suicide can be prevented if the Suicide idea is detected. Unfortunately, there are few studies regarding factors related to suicide idea in rural areas especially in Indonesia, even though suicide rates in rural areas are often greater than in urban areas. This study wanted to look at the factors influencing Suicide ideas in rural Indonesia in Manggarai Regency. Method: This research is quantitative research using the cross-sectional approach. Respondents in the study were 150 people with inclusive criteria of 17 years and over and were willing to fill out questionnaires distributed online through Google Forms. Data collection was conducted using the Beck Suicide Idea Questionary, Beck Depression Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Social Support Questionary Questionnaires tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out by logistic regression. Results: The results showed that the factors that influence Suicide ideas in rural areas of Indonesia are age (P-value: 0.04, OR: 0.18), depression (P value: 0.000, OR: 3.41), self-esteem (P value: 0.001 OR: 0.19), and social support (P-value: 0.002 OR: 0.2). The results of the multivariant analysis showed that the most variable influencing Suicide idea was depression (P-value: 0.000 and OR: 4.9) which means people with major depression have 4.9 times stronger Suicide idea. Conclusion: In providing prevention education to clients with suicide, health professionals including nurses can emphasize the importance of family and environmental support, especially in adolescents.

Outlining Strategies for Increasing Health Accessibility in Rural Areas of Indonesia

This study examines strategies for increasing health accessibility in rural areas of Indonesia by addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by rural communities. The study looks at the main things that make healthcare hard to get, such as socioeconomic factors, cultural beliefs, geographical limitations, and flaws in the current healthcare delivery systems. It does this using qualitative research methods and secondary data. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and data sources, the study identifies key barriers to healthcare access and explores opportunities for promoting health equity in rural Indonesia. Findings reveal that poverty, transportation barriers, traditional healing practices, and geographic isolation significantly hinder health accessibility in rural communities. Furthermore, weaknesses within the healthcare system, such as limited resources and fragmentation, exacerbate disparities in access to quality care. However, the study also highlights opportunities for leveraging community engagement, technology, and public-private partnerships to overcome these challenges and enhance healthcare delivery in rural Indonesia. By addressing these barriers and capitalizing on available resources, policymakers can develop tailored strategies to improve health accessibility and promote equitable healthcare outcomes in rural areas. Keywords: community engagement, health accessibility, public-private partnerships, rural areas

Factors influencing Fintech adoption for women in the post-Covid-19 pandemic

Understanding the factors influencing women in adopting and utilizing financial technology (Fintech) services will not only contribute to reduce the gender gap but will also accelerate financial inclusion. The main objective of this research is to examine the antecedents of behavioral intention and use behavior by extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) of women in Indonesia, considering the mediating effect of government support, digital financial literacy and value of status quo in post-Covid-19 pandemic. Further, this study explores the potential differences in the determinants of use behavior between urban and rural respondents. By analyzing 403 Indonesian women respondents using Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS SEM), this study revealed that attitude has the most significant effect in explaining behavioral intention and value of status quo gained the greatest impact on use behavior in post-Covid-19 outbreak. Government support and digital financial literacy play a significant role with small effect size, while value of status quo has large effect size, in mediating the relationship between behavioral intention and use behavior. The finding also documented that the impact of government support on use behavior differs between urban and rural individuals. These findings highlight the need for a different government strategy to increase Fintech adoption for women residing in both urban and rural areas in Indonesia.

Leveraging the Social Fabric to Improve Rural E-Commerce Access

Motivated by recent developments aimed to address last-mile delivery challenges in rural areas of Indonesia and China, we develop a theoretical model to study how to lower participation barriers to the e-commerce market. We analyze how stage stations lower the cost of last-mile delivery by leveraging the preexisting social fabric in rural communities, including local stores, as well as social technologies such as chat services and virtual groups. Specifically, we examine two models, a decentralized model with stage stations run by independent agents, and a centralized model, similar to the one pioneered by Alibaba Taobao. We find that when the delivery cost in rural areas is high, the decentralized model can lower the participation cost and increase both platform profit and social welfare. In general, the centralized model outperforms the decentralized one. One reason is that the decentralized model suffers from a double marginalization problem. The centralized model has more flexibility, for example, in determining the pricing policies for both sellers and buyers. It could offer free service to rural customers if the participation of fresh rural customers can attract many additional sellers. However, a centralized model may not be feasible in many countries. Therefore, we explore whether the platform can implement a coordination mechanism for decentralized stage stations. We find that our proposed coordination mechanism can improve the performance of the decentralized model. Our results have important implications for how e-commerce platforms can leverage stage stations and social technologies to lower participation barriers for rural customers, thereby creating a more inclusive development model.

The roots of demotivation in studying English: Sociocultural values among students in a rural area

This confessional ethnographic study strives to reveal the sociocultural values that are suspected as trigger factors of students’ demotivation in studying English. The study was conducted in a junior secondary school in the Miendogunu Village, Buton, Sulawesi, one of the rural areas in Indonesia. There were 32 participants in this study (21 students, nine parents, an English teacher, and the school principal). This research relied on data gathered through in-depth interviews and observation. The data analysis covered taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and thematic analysis, specifically aimed at discerning inter-domain connections and how those connections relate to the larger cultural landscape. The results revealed three interrelated themes, namely: ethnocentric stereotype (the tendency to look down on English because it is a foreign culture), the skeptical view (doubt toward the worth of English), and slow living lifestyle (a lifestyle that encourages a slower approach to aspects of everyday life). These three sociocultural values are investigated as the trigger factors that have turned the EFL students’ halfhearted toward English. A complementary strategy focused on changing students’ mindsets is needed; they need to be aware that English, nowadays, is the language of technology and has become an added and preferable qualification for employability. To a certain degree, it is important to impart awareness to the villagers regarding the significance of preserving their indigenous culture. However, a cautious approach is necessary, as isolating themselves entirely from external cultural influences may be deemed an unwise course of action.

An Analysis of Early Childhood Mental And Character Education in Rural Areas in Indonesia

This study was based on the imbalance between early childhood education (ECE) in most areas in the West Part of Indonesia and the East Part of Indonesia. ECE in most places in the East Part of Indonesia shows low quality of ECE compared to the West Part of Indonesia. We aim to investigate the condition of rural and underdeveloped areas with the lowest GDP in two regions in the East part of Indonesia, Sula and Taliabu in North Moluccas Province. Secondary Data Analysis (SDA) draws from several government reports and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) on Early Childhood Education in Sula and Taliabu, which include the data on Teacher’s Academic qualifications, School Facilitation, and teacher-student ratio. We compared this data with published government regulations and recent studies regarding the Teachers' Academic Qualification, School Facilitation, and teacher-student ratio standard with the field data in Sula and Taliabu Islands. Findings and recommendations are presented. Results show that most teachers in Sula and Taliabu in North Moluccas Province are High School Graduates. Most schools only have one classroom, no library, a high teacher-student ratio, and poor internet access. These conditions are not only far from the standard of quality of ECE in Indonesia set by government rules and regulations but also not conducive to teaching and learning activities.

Factors influencing the prevalence of anaemia in female adolescents: A population-based study of rural setting in Karanganyar, Indonesia

BackgroundAnaemia among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) poses substantial public health concerns, particularly in LMICs, due to its adverse effects during pregnancy and childbirth. Understanding its determinants is pivotal for devising strategies to combat this condition. This study investigates the prevalence of anaemia and its associations with anthropometric indices, dietary habits, and menstruation status among female adolescents in Karanganyar, a rural subdistrict in Indonesia. MethodsIn this population-based cross-sectional study, a multi-stage sampling method was employed to represent all female high-school students in Karanganyar. Participants underwent capillary haemoglobin testing, anthropometric measurements, and completed dietary intake and menstruation status assessments. Anaemia was defined as Hb < 12.0 g/dL. Logistic regressions were performed to assess the associations between anthropometric indices, dietary intake, menstruation status, and the prevalence of anaemia. ResultsApproximately 49 % of female adolescents in Karanganyar had anemia. Both BMI and Mid-Upper-Arm-Circumference exhibited inverse associations with anaemia [AOR(95%CI): 0.87(0.79–0.95) and 0.89(0.81–0.99)]. Compared to individuals with BMI-for-age-Z-Score (BAZ) > -2 SD, those with BAZ < −2 SD had more than double the odds of anaemia [2.43 (0.94–6.29)]. Consumption of fruits [0.32(0.10–0.98)] and vegetables [0.30(0.11–0.78)] were negatively associated with anaemia. No association was observed between menstruation status (length, duration, pads/day) and anaemia. DiscussionHigh prevalence of anaemia among female adolescents in Karanganyar, and potentially other rural areas in Indonesia, underscores the need for targeted interventions. Being underweight rapidly increases the risk of anaemia, emphasizing the importance of nutritional improvements. Consuming iron-rich fruits and vegetables may prevent anaemia. Menstruation status did not appear to be a determinant of anaemia.

THE AMBIVALENT PORTRAYAL OF THE ECOFEMINIST MOVEMENT IN TANAH IBU KAMI (2020)

Tanah Ibu Kami (2020), a documentary film produced by The Gecko Project and Mongabay, published on YouTube, follows the travels of journalist Febriana Firdaus to four rural areas in Indonesia where she meets Sukinah from Kendeng, Central Java; Lodia Oematan and Aleta Baun from Mollo, East Nusa Tenggara; Eva Bande from Banggai, Central Sulawesi; and Farwiza from Banda Aceh, Aceh. The film portrays these women leading socio-ecological movements that fight for their rights along with their land rights, as they face the risks of violence, imprisonment, and judgment from large corporations and patriarchal customs and beliefs. Placing the documentary within the ecofeminist framework, exemplified by Warren (2000) and Shiva and Mies (2018), I would like to show how the documentary portrays the state and the cultural institutions having control over women and nature. In its narrative method, the film tends to look at the environmentalism done by women as something to be highlighted not because of its substantial aspects but more as a valorized act because of its masculine attributes. Thus, while the film glorifies women as empowered environmentalists with the ability to exert agency, the structure of and behind the film is based on patriarchal assumptions.

Analisis Pemanfaatan Panel Surya Tipe Polycrystalline 100 Wp Sebagai Sumber Energi Alternatif Untuk Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Pedesaan Di Indonesia

Solar energy is an alternative energy source that is environmentally friendly and has great potential to be utilized in Indonesia. However, the use of solar energy is still limited, especially in rural areas which have limited infrastructure and access to electricity. This research aims to analyze the use of 100 WP polycrystalline solar panels as an alternative energy source to improve the welfare of rural communities in Indonesia. The research method used is literature review, namely by examining and criticizing various reference sources that are relevant to the research topic. The data collected includes secondary data, which was analyzed using content analysis, comparative analysis and synthesis analysis techniques. The research results show that the use of 100 WP polycrystalline solar panels can provide benefits for rural communities, including: (1) increasing the availability and quality of electricity, (2) saving costs on fossil fuels (3) reducing greenhouse gas emissions, (4) improve the quality of life and public health. This research recommends that the use of 100 wp polycrystalline solar panels can be expanded and improved in other rural areas in Indonesia, taking into account technical, economic, social and environmental aspects.

#310 : Infertility Misperception and Improper Health Seeking Behavior Between Urban and Rural Area in Indonesia

Background and Aims: The prevalence of infertility among reproductive-age couples in Indonesia is around 10-15%. Lack of understanding, misleading myths and negative attitude could result in improper behavior. This study aims to reveal the discrepancy between perception and behavior towards infertility in urban and rural area in Indonesia. Method: Cross-sectional study using internet-based questionnaire was given to 408 individuals which divided into two groups, Java and outside Java representing urban and rural population respectively. All participants were above 18 years old who completed the questionnaire from October 2020 to April 2021. Results: Half respondents from both groups consider infertility a disease. All respondents have excellent access to information. Although more than 80% of subjects from each group have been exposed to infertility information, better understanding was observed in urban community. The majority of each group answered smoking as the main risk factor for infertility, followed by stress and advanced age. More respondents in rural areas have the wrong perception that stress cause infertility. Furthermore, they seek unwarranted advice, as 19.5% came to midwives and only 9.1% came to general practitioners. This study showed 35.6% of subjects in urban group and 41.6% in rural group are considered late to seek healthcare assistance. Most respondents from both groups accept the use of Assisted Reproductive Technology and fertility enhancing drugs as treatment options. Conclusion: Misperceptions about infertility are more prevalent in rural groups compared to urban group. Fertility education among both groups needs to be improved in order to optimize the chance of conceiving and having a healthy baby.

Prototipe dan Monitoring Penerangan Jalan Umum (PJU) Menggunakan Tenaga Surya

Utilizing solar energy as an alternative energy source for Indonesia's electricity needs is very appropriate because it is located in a tropical area with hot sunlight available all year round. Considering that in rural areas in Indonesia there are still many public road accesses that are not equipped with street lighting and the problem stems from the use of conventional electrical energy as a source of street lighting. The use of photovoltaics (PV) as a tool to produce electrical energy with the advantages of being environmentally friendly, low maintenance costs and zero emissions and the energy needed is available in nature and is always renewable (renewable energy). The 1 DOF (Degree OF Freedom) solar tracker mechanic is used to find the point where the sunlight is optimal, which aims to produce maximum solar panel output during energy conversion. Based on the test results, it can be concluded that solar-powered public street lighting (PJU-TS) using a mechanical solar tracker delay of 2 seconds produces a daily energy conversion of 235.20 Wh, which is more optimal than solar-powered public street lighting (PJU-TS) with solar tracker delay. 2.5 seconds amounting to 218.75 Wh and solar powered public street lighting (PJU-TS) without a solar tracker amounting to 171.34 Wh.

Complicated vivax malaria in pregnancy: A case report in rural area of Indonesia

Complicated vivax malaria in pregnancy: A case report in rural area of Indonesia

Antibody responses induced by inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus in healthcare workers at a rural hospital in Indonesia

Introduction and Aim: Vaccines from various manufacturers have shown their efficacy against COVID-19 globally. In this study, the aim was to evaluate the immune response in subjects after the second vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus at Mamami Hospital located in a rural area in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional research design. The research took place at Mamami Hospital, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, from April 5 to August 8, 2021. The research comprised a total of 30 health workers who served as the participants in this study. Results: Immunoserology results show that 1 respondent was non-reactive and 2 had antibody results &lt; 10. There were 7 respondents with antibody results &gt; 10 - 40. Serological antibodies &gt; 40 - 80 were found in 3 respondents. Serological antibodies &gt; 80 - 120 were not found. Serological antibodies &gt; 120 - 160 were found in 3 respondents. One respondent had serological antibodies ranging from 160 to 200, while 13 respondents had antibodies ranging from 200 to 400. Conclusion: In the present study, inactivated SARS COV-2 virus vaccine significantly contributed to the acquisition of anti-SARS-CoV-2S antibodies of 30 health workers.

Legal Protection Of Children As Perpetrators Of Narcotics Crimes (A Study At The Special Children's Institution Special Institution For Children (LPKA) Class I Medan)

A child who is the perpetrator of a crime must provide protection for the rights of a child. In the criminal court system for the child who has a role in providing case assistance for children who deal with the law. A child or minor who commits a drug crime can be given special attention to the child in order to provide the best. This research has the aim of knowing the implementation, obstacles and efforts in providing solutions to the obstacles of narcotics crimes committed by children at the Medan Class I Child Special Development Institution in Medan. The research method used is juridical sociology, which emphasizes to obtain empirical hokum by going directly to the object. Based on this research, several research results were found as follows: semestrinya the implementation of the child protection law is handed over to the Child Special Development Institution Class I Medan. The next obstacle is the lack of understanding of law enforcement officials that children, like drug users, are the only victims. The second obstacle is the lack of public understanding of juvenile drug users. Drug use by juveniles is considered the same as drug crimes committed by adults in the public perception. The third obstacle is the weakness in infrastructure, especially in rural areas in Indonesia. Especially in the rehabilitation process, with the mechanism of the rest process, mental rehabilitation, physical rehabilitation, physical development, spiritual development, all of which have not been provided at the Medan Class I Special Child Development Center in Medan.

Improving The Clean and Healthy Living Behavior of Adolescents in Rural Areas of Indonesia: An Educational Intervention Program

Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat / PHBS) in schools is an effort to create a healthy environment in schools that is aware of preventing disease, improving health, and being active in maintaining a healthy environment in schools independently. This service aims to increase the awareness, attitudes, and PHBS skills of Tempurejo youth by counseling on clean and healthy living behavior based on the SI-TeSa mobile application. The quasi-experiment used pre-post and post-test questionnaires with research indicators, namely knowledge and attitudes, by dividing respondents into a control group (n=30) and an intervention group (n=30). Simple random sampling with a total of 60 respondents based on G power analysis (effect size 0.3, α err probability 0.05, power 0.95). Educational intervention program with PHBS education as well as two demonstrations including the 6 steps for washing hands and reviewing the SI-TeSa (Sistem Informasi Terampil Kesehatan) mobile application. The results of the pre-post Wilcoxon test for the intervention group showed a sig value &lt;0.001 (p = 0.05). This indicates that there is an influence of education on clean and healthy living behavior based on the SI-TeSa mobile application. Meanwhile, the control group showed a sig value of 0.124 (p=0.05), indicating that there was no influence of education on clean and healthy living behavior. There was a significant increase in knowledge and attitude scores before and after the SI-TeSa mobile application-based healthy living behavior counseling was carried out.

Distribution of Voltage-gated Sodium Channel Mutations in Aedes Aegypti Populations from Rural Areas of Indonesia

Introduction: Semarang has been one of the endemic districts; since 2017, it has contributed to high dengue cases in Central Java. The study was conducted to see the mutation in the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel (VGSC) Aedes aegypti genera. Materials and Methods: Aedes aegypti from 6 sub-districts in Semarang were examined, where each sub-district was taken from 2-3 villages endemic areas with high fogging intensity in Semarang. Ten larvae samples were taken from each village. Results and Discussion: The results showed that the resistant samples were 48.4% heterozygous and 51.6% homozygous resistant from Bawen, 100% heterozygous resistant from Bandungan, 73.3% heterozygous and 26.7% homozygous resistant from West Ungaran, 65% heterozygous and 35% homozygous resistant from Sumowono, 23.3% heterozygous and 66.7% homozygous resistant, and 10% still susceptible from Ambarawa, and 30% heterozygous and 70% homozygous resistant from East Ungaran districts. Conclusion: Based on the results of the molecular test, the Ae. Aegypti in Semarang Regency has proven resistance to the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin.

The relationship between socio-economic conditions and the stunting incidences of rural areas in Indonesia? Evidence in Tolitoli regency, Indonesia

Problem of stunting and malnutrition in the centre of agricultural production is currently being debated. Tolitoli which is one of the central rice-producing regencies for Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia, however in 2021 is reported as one of 320 regencies in Indonesia with a high prevalence of stunting. This research aims to examine the correlations between agricultural production of households in Tolitoli regency and the prevalence of family malnutrition and stunting. In June - October 2022 a case study survey was carried out in two sub-districts with the highest prevalence rate in Tolitoli Regency. The analytical method used includes the share of food expenditure and family food consumption to assess the condition of food security, quantity and quality of household food consumption. While the income analysis is used to measure the determinants of expenditure and household consumption in the research area. The results show that the condition of food security based on energy sufficiency in the research area was in the “less” category. The share of food expenditure is in the “high category” and the food security condition is in the food shortage condition. Moreover, most of the respondent’s income comes from agricultural activities (80.55%) which is allocated for food consumption of 55%/month and the remaining 45% per month is used for non-food expenses.