Run Test Research Articles

A Physical Fitness Perspective on Physical Education Lesson with Rampage Method Application

: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of a program prepared in accordance with the Rampage method in physical education classes on the development of health-related physical fitness in children aged 9-12 (3rd-6th grade). Randomly selected control (n:30) and performance (n:34) groups were administered initial and final tests. SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. CG showed SLJ pre-test and post-test values of 106.33 ± 20.604 and 107.07 ± 18.94, respecti-vely, while PG exhibited pre-test and post-test values of 116.03 ± 19.983 and 123.71 ± 20.09 for SLJ. For the 20Meter run-ning test, CG had pre-test and post-test values of 15.23 ± 8.95 and 20.60 ± 9.06, whereas PG showed pre-test and post-test values of 18.59 ± 10.49 and 21.21 ± 10.10. Results of statistical analysis; A variable was found in the standing long jump measurements between the performance group(PG) and the control group(CG) (p<0.05). No significant difference was detected in the pre-test and post-test data for the other measured parameters. Based on these results, it is recommended to conduct comprehensive studies examining the effects of physical education classes prepared with the RAMPAGE method on children's physical fitness using different age groups or different physical fitness tests. Keywords: Physical education, physical development, fitness

The fartlek exercise method for improving cardiac, lung, and anaerobic endurance (UNY indoor hockey athlete)

This study intends to determine the effect of the fartlek training method on increasing cardio‑pulmonary endurance and anaerobic endurance for men's indoor hockey athletes at Yogyakarta State University. This type of research is experimental research, using the one group pretest‑posttest design method. The population in this study were UNY male indoor hockey athletes with a total of 12 people. The data collection technique in this study is a test. The 2.4 km running test instrument uses the Cooper test method to measure heart‑lung endurance and the RAST test to measure anaerobic endurance. Data analysis in this study used the t‑test, namely by comparing the pretest and posttest results of the experimental group. Based on data from the t‑test analysis between pretest and posttest, the fartlek training method on increasing heart-lung endurance has a calculated t value of 4.007 and t table df = 11 at a 5% significance level of 2.20. The calculated t value is 4.007 > t table of 2.20, and the p value = 0.002, because p is less than 0.05, there is a significant difference. Judging from the results of the average heart-lung endurance capacity, the average pretest value was 12.58 and the average posttest value was 11.31, because the average pretest value was greater than the average posttest value so there was an increase heart lung endurance was 1.27/10.09%. Furthermore, the results of the second analysis, the t‑test between the pretest and posttest of the fartlek training method on increasing anaerobic endurance, had a calculated t value of 22.951 and the t table value df = 11 at a significance level of 5%, namely 2.20. The calculated t value is 22.951 > t table is 2.20, and the p value = 0.000, because p < 0.05 there is a significant difference. Judging from the average value of anaerobic endurance ability, the average pretest value is 305.16 and the average posttest value is 416.03, because the average pretest value is less than the average posttest value, so there is an increase anaerobic endurance of 110.87/36.33%. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the fartlek training method on increasing cardiopulmonary endurance and anaerobic endurance in men's indoor hockey athletes at Yogyakarta State University.

Interleukin 12 correlates with performance, metabolism, and acid-base balance during physical exercise

Exercise has become a tool for understanding immunometabolism. To investigate the acute impact of a treadmill running test on immunometabolism. Ten male subjects participated in treadmill protocol with progressively increased until exhaus-tion, having an average time of 14 minutes. The treadmill protocol with progressively increased until exhaustion induced ∆% in IL-12 of 160%, lactate of 607%, glucose of 58%, pH of -3%, BE of -529%, bicarbonate of - 58%, and anion gap of 232%. It was observed that the lower the -∆% in IL-12, the greater the phase to reach the anaerobic threshold (AT) in Km/h and the time to reach this same threshold, and the opposite was also true, confirmed by the Spearman test. Other correlations were observed: between post-IL-12 and pre-anion gap, post-IL-12 and post-chloride, IL-12-∆% and post-anion gap, and IL-12-∆% and post-lactate, pre-IL-12 and post-anion gap, post-IL-12 and pre-LDH, post-IL-12 and post-LDH, post-IL -12 and BE post, post-IL-12 and post bicarbonate, and post-IL-12 and post pH. The AT was reached in 7:52 minutes, in the 14.9 km/h phase, with a heart rate of 163 BPM, an power of 524 W, and a VO2 of 3.12 l.min. A correlation between IL-12, performance, metabolism, and blood acid-base balance is sug-gested. It was possible to infer that, even with a relatively small but extremely homogeneous sample, the behavior of IL-12 could explain 74% of the anion gap behavior.

Forecasting and Comparison of Nonlinear Statistical Growth Models for Fish Seed Production in Eastern Coastal States of India

The study was carried out to compare the goodness of fit of three non–linear growth models viz., Monomolecular, Logistic and Gompertz growth models and analysing the instability index among the collected fish seed Production data from the eastern costal states of Indian for the period from 1994–1995 to 2019–2020. The parameters of each model were estimated using Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) iterative method. The ‘independence’ and ‘normality’ of error terms were examined by using ‘Run–test’ and ‘Shapiro–Wilk test’. Among the three models tested, monomolecular model was found as best model to describe variation in fish seed production in all Eastern Costal States of India. The values of CDI for fish seed production were 146.94 %, 79.30 % and 63.41% respectively which revealed that fish seed production had high instability in Odisha, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh while low instability (14.93 % and 13.13%) in West Bengal and India.

Experimental and analytical study on the load‐bearing capacity of segmented tower structures with dry joints under combined loading

AbstractIn recent years, hybrid towers have become increasingly established, especially for tall wind turbines. The concrete part of these towers, commonly constructed using segmental construction methods, consists of several circular ring segments stacked on top of each other. To reduce the amount of fabrication and erection effort, the joints between the segments are typically designed as dry ground joints. This paper deals with experimental investigations to determine the torsional load‐bearing capacity of such dry ground concrete joints subjected to combined loading of prestressing, bending, and torsion. Based on the experience of previous investigations, a test set‐up consisting of three reinforced concrete segments with circular ring cross‐sections was developed. The herein newly developed evaluation concept enabled precise identification of the failure point for each test run utilizing the measured tangential displacements of the joint. The test results clarify the weaknesses of the current design model regarding the insufficient interaction with the bending moment and show very good accordance with the new calculation model, the so‐called fiber model.

Testing the weak-form efficiency of Arab stock markets after the COVID-19 pandemic

Weak-form efficiency means that stock prices should reflect all historical information and follow a random walk. This study examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the stock market weak-form efficiency of Arab countries, namely, Jordan, Lebanon, Kuwait, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Syria, Tunisia, and Sudan. Daily data from July 1st, 2021 to November 12th, 2022 (370 trading days) are used to cover the period after starting the pandemic. The variance ratio and the runs test are used to test return predictability. The results show that the variance ratio values of Boursa Kuwait, the Egyptian Exchange, Tadawul, and the Amman Stock Exchange are statistically significant, indicating that their returns are unpredictable. In specific, the indices of these stock markets follow a random walk, and their price changes are independent. This is evidence that these stock markets are efficient at a weak level. In contrast, the insignificant values of the variance ratio indicate that returns are predictable in other Arab stock exchanges after the pandemic era. The findings of the Egyptian Exchange, Tadawul, and the Amman Stock Exchange are confirmed using the run test of weak-form efficiency. It reveals that the indices of these stock exchanges follow a random walk, while the indices of other Arab stock markets do not.

Changes over a decade of fitness within a Scottish soccer academy and the impact of first team relegation on academy physical profiles

Introduction: academy soccer practitioners have a responsibility to prepare youth players for the demands of first team. The development of physical capabilities to sustain the high intensity locomotor activities that have been reported in elite soccer is essential. Challenges exist monitoring locomotor targets as resource limitations mean that often academies will not have locomotor data, instead relying on physiological testing to assess whether a player is ready for first team transition. Physiological testing results have a direct relationship with locomotor activity. Physical development has been shown over various longitudinal periods with established progression in speed, change of direction, lower body power and endurance in elite Austrian youths, increases in VO2max in an elite regional French academy and in the interval shuttle run test of over 50% in elite Dutch academy. The success of a club’s academy can lead to increased resource allocation however some organisational challenges such as relegation can have a severe financial impact. The initial aim of the present study was to establish whether previously observed changes in physical capacity were observed in a professional Scottish soccer academy over a ten-year period. A further aim was to assess the impact of first team relegation on academy physical profiles considering the resource implications of relegation. Methodology: a retrospective analysis was completed where Linear Mixed Effect (LME) Models were fitted to explain variation across each measure of physical capacity. Model selection was undertaken with Likelihood Ratio Tests where initial complex models were compared to simpler nested models to arrive at the final model by maximum likelihood. The impact of relegation was assessed by LME models to assess whether physical capacity measures changed post relegation. Ethical approval was granted. Results: 5 m best time reduced by 0.0055 s per year (t = −11.8, p < 0.001), 10 m best time reduced by 0.008 s per year (t = −9.2, p < 0.001), 20 m best time reduced by 0.011 s per year (t = −7.8, p < 0.001). CMJ increased each year depended on age group with the older cohorts showing greater improvement and the YYIR1 distance increased each year varying across age group. Performance of aforementioned physical capacity measures significantly reduced with relegation, except 20 m best time (t = −1.4, p = 0.16). Application: reference values within clubs that establish first team requirements will contribute to appropriate transition strategies. By conducting analyses related to uncontrollable challenges, practitioners can use these results to protect against criticism and withdrawal of resource when physical progression is negatively impacted.

Impact of Anaerobic Exercise Integrated Into Regular Training on Experienced Judo Athletes: Running Vs. Repetitive Throws.

Kamandulis, S, Dudėnienė, L, Snieckus, A, Kniubaite, A, Mickevicius, M, Lukonaitiene, I, Venckunas, T, Stasiule, L, and Stasiulis, A. Impact of anaerobic exercise integrated into regular training on experienced judo athletes: running vs. repetitive throws. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): e489-e495, 2024-Anaerobic training in high-level athletes is of considerable interest to practitioners aiming to optimize performance. This study compared the impact of interval anaerobic training (IAT) sessions consisting of either high-intensity running or throwing that were performed twice a week together with regular judo training on the anaerobic and aerobic performance of experienced judo athletes. Employing a repeated-measures, counterbalancing, research design, 12 national team judo athletes (7 women and 5 men; mean age, 20.4 ± 0.95 years; mean judo training experience, 13.4 ± 1.4 years; competitive level, black belt first and second Dan) performed each IAT modality for 6 weeks, for a full training cycle of 12 weeks. Assessments of their anaerobic fitness (Cunningham and Faulkner Anaerobic Treadmill Test), sport-specific anaerobic fitness (Special Judo Fitness Test [SJFT]), and aerobic capacity (maximal incremental treadmill running test) were performed before, after 6 weeks, and after 12 weeks of training. The uphill running performance improved by 13.1% over the 12-week period ( p = 0.047). Simultaneously, there was a 9.0% improvement in the SJFT index and a 6.9% increase in the number of throws ( p = 0.011 and p = 0.017, respectively). Although a trend for throwing drills being more effective than interval sprint running was observed, the interaction effect lacked statistical significance ( p = 0.074). Moreover, no substantial changes were noted in aerobic endurance markers. In conclusion, this study suggests that incorporating specific and nonspecific high-intensity drills into a routine training regimen may enhance anaerobic capacity among well-trained judo athletes, potentially leading to favorable competitive outcomes.

Pendampingan Teknis serta Diagnosa Kerusakan Pompa Sumur Bor di Gampong Luthu Lamweu, Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kab. Aceh Besar, Provinsi Aceh

The aim of this Community Service (PKM) activity is to provide technical assistance and diagnose damage to drilled well pumps in Gampong Luthu Lamweu, Sukamakmur, Aceh Besar. This method of implementing community service begins with conducting a location survey, outreach to the community, students involved and prospective Thematic KKN students. Next, form a service team and explain the work program, work targets and implementation targets. From the results of field diagnosis and verification, it was found that the installation of the submersible pump was not in accordance with the technical specification data on the pump. This is what makes the pump that was installed in 2021 unable to work as it should after testing the pump (run test). The PKM team recommends: the size of the output pipe be increased from ¾", to 1.5". Increased pump power from 1 hp to 1.5 hp. The pump capacity has been increased, from 10-40-70 to 20-50-80. Out put diameter from 1.25' to 1.5".

Dynamic Thermal Behavior of Natural Ester Liquid-Filled Transformer for Offshore Wind Turbine in Cold Climate

The current study presents a dynamic thermal model (DTM) which accounts for variation of liquid properties with temperature to predict the development of temperature pattern of the entire transformer for offshore wind application during energizing process. The DTM is benchmarked against dynamic heat run test which is applied on a natural ester filled transformer designed for offshore wind application. The transformer is equipped with fiber-optic sensors (FOS) to observe the temperature distribution of the winding and the liquid during heating up and cooling down processes. The investigations involve in-depth analysis of the thermal behavior of the winding and liquid at different locations to give physical interpretation of the dynamic thermal response of different transformer components during dynamic loading. The results are further validated with transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Eventually, the study gives guidelines and recommendations of dynamic loading of transformer filled with natural ester in cold climate.

Identifying time-varying dynamics of heart rate and oxygen uptake from single ramp incremental running tests

Objective. The fact that ramp incremental exercise yields quasi-linear responses for pulmonary oxygen uptake ( V˙O2 ) and heart rate (HR) seems contradictory to the well-known non-linear behavior of underlying physiological processes. Prior research highlights this issue and demonstrates how a balancing of system gain and response time parameters causes linear V˙O2 responses during ramp tests. This study builds upon this knowledge and extracts the time-varying dynamics directly from HR and V˙O2 data of single ramp incremental running tests. Approach. A large-scale open access dataset of 735 ramp incremental running tests is analyzed. The dynamics are obtained by means of 1st order autoregressive and exogenous models with time-variant parameters. This allows for the estimates of time constant (τ) and steady state gain (SSG) to vary with work rate. Main results. As the work rate increases, τ-values increase on average from 38 to 132 s for HR, and from 27 to 35 s for V˙O2 . Both increases are statistically significant (p < 0.01). Further, SSG-values decrease on average from 14 to 9 bpm (km·h−1)−1 for HR, and from 218 to 144 ml·min−1 for V˙O2 (p < 0.01 for decrease parameters of HR and V˙O2 ). The results of this modeling approach are line with literature reporting on cardiorespiratory dynamics obtained using standard procedures. Significance. We show that time-variant modeling is able to determine the time-varying dynamics HR and V˙O2 responses to ramp incremental running directly from individual tests. The proposed method allows for gaining insights into the cardiorespiratory response characteristics when no repeated measurements are available.

Impact of Aerobic Conditioning on Endurance and Agility in Ball Badminton Players of Mumbai

Abstract: This study explores the effects of systematic aerobic conditioning on the endurance and agility of ball badminton players in the Mumbai region. Utilizing a controlled experimental design, 60 male and female players, aged 18-25, were divided into two groups: an experimental group receiving aerobic conditioning three times a week, and a control group following traditional training routines. The aerobic regimen included activities such as running, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and circuit training, each tailored to enhance cardiovascular fitness and muscular endurance. Pre- and post-intervention assessments over a 12-week period involved the Cooper 12-minute run test for endurance, and the Illinois Agility Test for agility. Results indicated significant improvements in the experimental group compared to the control group. Specifically, the experimental group showed an average increase of 15% in the distance covered during the Cooper test, and a decrease in completion time by an average of 4.2 seconds in the Illinois Agility Test. These findings suggest that aerobic conditioning notably enhances both the endurance and agility of ball badminton players. The improvement in physical capacities likely contributes to better in-game performance, suggesting that integrating aerobic conditioning into regular training schedules could be beneficial for competitive ball badminton players in regions similar to Mumbai.

Spatiotemporal polynomial graph neural network for anomaly detection of complex systems

Internet of Things systems are developed rapidly, there is a need for anomaly detection to identify malicious data to guarantee that the systems perform under healthy condition. However, the dynamic system state is not only influenced by sequential patterns in the time dimension but also affected by other sensor channels in the spatial dimension. Although many successful models have been established in past research to handle multivariate time series data, most of these models exhibit shortcomings in capturing spatiotemporal dependencies. The Internet of Things offers a promising platform for advanced data analysis, but its unique characteristics present challenges for anomaly detection. This paper introduces a novel spatiotemporal polynomial graph neural network (STPGNN) is proposed for anomaly detection of complex systems within the Internet of Things (IoT) framework. Specifically, we propose an adaptive spatiotemporal feature modeling module that includes two developed adaptive modules: the Adaptive Temporal Module and the Spatial Module. These modules are designed to capture dynamic spatial dependencies across multiple time steps and temporal dependencies over time, respectively. The results are then output through a decoder. Importantly, the multi-head attention mechanism employed in both sub-modules can effectively explore potential spatiotemporal dependency patterns within different subspaces. The proposed model, utilizing the innovative approach of STPGNN, demonstrates superior performance compared to existing techniques, as evidenced by experimental results on the real-world test run dataset. This marks a significant advancement in the field of anomaly detection, particularly for complex systems.

The Influence of Speed, Agility, and Confidence on Extracurricular Students' Football Dribbling Ability

This research aims to determine the influence of speed, agility, and self-confidence on ball dribbling ability. This type of research uses path analysis with endogenous variables, namely agility, flexibility, and self-confidence, and the exogenous variable is the ability to dribble the ball. The research sample was 40 male students who took part in extracurricular football activities, taken by purposive sampling. The location of this research is SMP Negeri 4 Binamu, Jeneponto Regency. Research instruments include a dribbling test, a 50m running speed test, a dodging run test, and a self-confidence questionnaire. Research data was analyzed through path analysis and testing was carried out with the help of the SPSS version 26.00 program with a significance level of 0.05. Based on the research results, show 1) there is a direct effect of speed (X1) on self-confidence (X3) (p&lt;0.05); 2) There is a direct effect of agility (X2) on self-confidence (X3) (p&lt;0.05); 3) There is a direct effect of speed (X1) on dribbling ability (Y) (p&lt;0.05); 4) There is a direct effect of agility (X2) on ball dribbling ability (Y) (p&lt;0.05); 5) There is a direct effect of self-confidence (X3) on dribbling ability (Y) (p &lt; 0.05); 6) There is no influence of speed (X1) through confidence (X3) on dribbling ability (Y) (p&gt;0.05); 7) There is no influence of agility (X2) through self-confidence (X3) on ball dribbling ability (Y) (p&gt;0.05).

Entropy as a Measure of Risk or a Source of Information to Mitigate Risk: A Comparison Across Various Financial Assets

Since the application of entropy in financial economics has been growing extensively as a measure of volatility, in portfolio selection and to detect anomalies in markets. It’s really complicated to establish that increase in entropy is a source of the useful information for the financial markets that tantamount to mitigate risk, or it is in fact an indicator of disorder reflecting the growing risk scenario in the financial market. To explore the more effective application of entropy in the field of financial economics, this study evaluates entropy in both contexts, as a source of information to mitigate risk and as an indicator of disorder reflecting volatility. Twelve years daily data of 29 financial assets have been used to measure the intrinsic entropy in addition to other eight volatility estimators and three GARCH models-based volatilities. Various assessment techniques are used to test the role of entropy in both contexts including, Run Test, Mean, Variance and Coefficients of Variation, Mean Squared Errors, Proportional Bias and Efficiency Estimator, in addition to spearman rank-order correlation. Results emphasis that entropy is more suitable as a volatility measure rather a source of information in the financial market.

Relationships between Iron Status and Selected Physical Fitness Components of South African Adolescents: The PAHL-Study.

Poor iron status is detrimental to physical and cognitive performance in adolescents. Due to the limited studies investigating the association between iron status and physical fitness components in adolescents from low- and middle-income countries, we aimed to determine the association of iron status with selected physical fitness components in South African adolescents. A cross-sectional study design, including 178 adolescents (102 girls and 76 boys) from the Physical Activity and Health Longitudinal Study (PAHLS), was followed. Height and weight were measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Subsequently, WHO BMI-for-age-specific categorised body fatness. Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined with a 20-m shuttle run test (V˙O2max), and lower-body explosive power by the standing broad jump (SBJ). Fasting haemoglobin (Hb) and ferritin were analysed from blood samples. Correlation analyses determine the association between iron status, explosive power and cardiorespiratory fitness. Of the 178 participants, 18.5% (n = 33) had low Hb, and 14% (n = 25) iron deficiency without anaemia. Significant positive correlations were found between the selected physical fitness components, ferritin, and Hb. In boys, a positive association was found between Hb and SBJ (r = 0.30, p = 0.006), whilst in girls, positive associations were found between ferritin (r = 0.25, p = 0.04) and SBJ, and Hb with both SBJ (r = 0.21, p = 0.03) and V˙O2max (r = 0.32, p = 0.001). Hb concentration remained associated with V˙O2max and SBJ in girls after adjustment for age, whilst in boys, Hb concentration was associated with SBJ. Higher iron status in South African adolescents is associated with higher lower-limb explosive power and cardiorespiratory fitness. We suggest monitoring of haematological parameters, and interventions to improve the iron status of South African adolescents.

Kontribusi Kecepatan Dan Kelincahan Terhadap Keterampilan Dribbling Bola Pada Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Futsal SMP PGRI Pekanbaru

The aim of this research is to determine the contribution of speed and agility to ball dribbling skills in futsal extracurricular participants at PGRI Pekanbaru Middle School. This type of research is multiple correlation. The population in this study were 15 futsal extracurricular students at PGRI Pekanbaru Middle School. The sampling technique used was total sampling so that the sample in this study was 15 people. The research instruments used were the 30 meter running test, shuttle run test and futsal ball dribbling test. The data analysis technique used is the multiple correlation value test and calculating the contribution value. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that: (1) There is a contribution of speed to ball dribbling skills in futsal extracurricular participants at PGRI Pekanbaru Middle School with a value of rcount = 0.642 &gt; rtable = 0.514 and a KD value of 41.22%, (2) There is the contribution of agility to ball dribbling skills in PGRI Pekanbaru Middle School futsal extracurricular participants with a value of rcount = 0.751 &gt; rtable = 0.514 and a KD value of 56.40%, (3) There is a contribution of speed and agility to ball dribbling skills in PGRI Pekanbaru Middle School futsal extracurricular participants with a value of rcount = 0.784 &gt; rtable = 0.514 and a KD value of 61.47%.

DIVERSITY AND INCLUSION TOWARDS ORGANISATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS

Diversity and inclusion in the workforce are thought to benefit organizations because they increase the breadth of perspectives and areas of expertise. The aim of this research is to consolidate the diverse literature on workforce diversity and inclusion and to provide insights into potential future directions for workforce diversity management research. The review of workforce diversity and inclusion in the paper makes use of secondary data that was collected. The evaluation made it quite evident what the modern period means for diversity and inclusion in the workforce. The review's conclusions indicate that a substantial amount of study has been done on diversity and its effects. Further Since inclusion is a relatively new area of study, more research is required to fully understand its consequences. This study looks at how well literature reviews work to expand on what is already known about a particular topic and help researchers come up with ideas for new research directions. Originality/value: This study offers a theoretical framework for managing important diversity and building diverse companies. Quantitative data was collected using the non probability, self administated questionnaire that consisted of influencing factors are identified and also using parametric test (ANOVA, correlation) and non parametric test (U test, correlation,Run test) analysis tools suitable interpretation was found it make positive change. Key words: Diversity and inclusion, dimension, environmental challenges, strategies adoption, inclusive practices, engagement.

ENHANCING CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE THROUGH CROSS–FUNCTIONALCOLLABORATION

In today’s highly competitive business environment, delivering exceptional customer experienceisessentialforsustainingsuccessandbuildingbrandloyalty.Inthisstudy,welook at how cross-functional collaboration plays a key role in delivering superior customer experiences, specifically for Rane Corporation, one of the industry leaders in automotive.Bylookingatthe collaborative efforts across various departments such as Marketing, Sales, Product Development, and Customer Service, we can better understand the strategies, challenges and outcomes of aligning internal functions fordeliveringseamless customer experience. Ourkey findings highlight the importance of culture of collaboration, which breaks down silos and promotes communication and knowledge sharing between departments. Rane Corporation’s success in delivering customer satisfaction can be attributed to its cross-functional teams approach, where diverse expertise is brought together to address customer needs in a holistic manner. In addition, the study highlights the importance of technology in facilitating cross- functional collaboration, as it allows for real-time information sharing and analysis to enable betterdecision-making.Thesamplesizeis160.Thetoolsusedarenon-parametrictest(U-test, H-test, Chi-square, Correlation, Run test). Key Words—Cross functional collaboration, organizational analysis, customer experience

MANPOWER PLANNING AND PRACTICES

This research paper explores manpower planning as one of the most crucial human resource practices. The purpose of the study is to examine the manpower planning and practices in the selected private sector. Key variables including key factors influencing employee work performance, strategic workforce planning challenges, attracting and retaining talent, enhancing manpower planning: managerial suggestion. The total population is 200 and the sample size is 180. The tools used for Non-Parametric U–test, H–test, Run test, and Spearman Rank Correlation. Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, including surveys, interviews, and data analysis, this research aims to suggest strategies to enhance collaboration, communication, and teamwork to maximize the positive impact of colleague support on work performance.