This study profiled the rumen (RM), small intestine (SI), and large intestine (LI) of 24 samples collected from eight 6-month-old Qianqiu goats (body weight 28.40 ± 1.80 kg), with the samples equally divided into three groups. A combination of methods was used, including 16S rRNA sequencing, untargeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics, Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis-based module detection (WGCNA) with network integration. An uncommon composition of organisms dominated the SI: the hydrogenotrophic methanogens Methanobrevibacter (SI 24.51%; RM 1.92%; LI 2.19%) and Methanosphaera (SI 0.43%; RM 0.02%; LI 0.02%), together with the acetogen Acetitomaculum (SI 1.58%; RM 0.34%; LI 0.11%), were markedly more abundant compared to the RM or LI. Correlation and pathway analyses indicated that Methanobrevibacter was positively correlated with a steroid-type lipid metabolite (r = 0.52, p < 0.05) and with bile-acid-related metabolites. Acetitomaculum was positively correlated with several metabolites: 4-Hydroxyphenyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (r = 0.79, p < 0.05), 2-Aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate (r = 0.76, p < 0.05), 1-Myristoyl-2-stearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (r = 0.76, p < 0.05), and 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (r = 0.74, p < 0.05). Together, these data define a small-intestinal microbial–metabolite module in Qianqiu goats characterized by elevated abundances of specific methanogens and acetogens in the SI. Specific positive correlations were identified between these taxa and metabolites associated with lipids and bile acids.

The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of cattle plays a vital role in nutrient absorption, immune function, and microbial homeostasis. While the importance of the GIT microbiome and epithelial barrier integrity has been increasingly recognized, the typical composition of microbial communities and the expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs) in feedlot cattle remains poorly characterized. We investigated microbial community structure and TJP expression at three GIT sites: the rumen (RU), small intestine (SI), and large intestine (LI) in 21 finish-fed feedlot steers sourced from 21 commercial feedyards in the Texas Panhandle. Samples of luminal contents and GIT tissue were collected from each region, as well as feces and liver abscess material. Microbial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. TJP gene expression was quantified by RT-qPCR using synthetic standards, and protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with both computer-generated and pathologist-generated scoring. Microbial community structures varied primarily by GIT region rather than by individual animals raised at different locations. Nine bacterial families were identified as core microbiome members, with Lachnospiraceae being the most abundant across the GIT. TJP gene expression varied considerably by site, with RU having significantly lower Claudin 1, Claudin 2, and E-Cadherin expression than the SI and LI. IHC results paralleled qPCR findings, with region-specific patterns of protein localization and intensity. Computerized and pathologist-generated H-scores showed moderate agreement but differed notably between epithelial and lamina propria regions. This study provides a comprehensive baseline of microbial and host factors associated with gut health in a uniquely diverse population of feedlot cattle. The identification of regional microbial communities and distinct TJP expression patterns offers foundational insights into gastrointestinal physiology and barrier function. This work establishes baseline data to support future investigations into the relationships among microbial ecology, epithelial barrier function, and cattle health and productivity.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1038/s41598-025-25982-6.

Investigation of Adult Paramphistomum and Indigestible Foreign Bodies in the Fore Stomach of Cattle Slaughtered in Gondar Elfora Abattoir, Ethiopia

Paramphistomosis is one of the most important emerging rumen flukes affecting Ruminates worldwide. The infection is worst in tropical and sub-tropical regions Due to perceive little or no attention in Ethiopia because of the misbelief that it does not cause disease in animals. However, this infection causes substantial economic losses to the livestock. The general objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of bovine paramphistomosis and its associated factor in Debre Tabor municipal abattoir. Across-sectional studies were conducted by using systematic random sampling of apparently healthy animals to determine the prevalence of paramphistomosis and its associated factors. 384 animals were sampled in the study period. Animal’s examined by the routine abattoir inspection methods of antemortem and postmortem examination to detect adult Paramphistomum and their effect on the fore stomach. Data collected, entered, cleaned, and recorded were made by Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. All statistical analyses were done using statistical software for social science (SPSS). A probability (P) value less than 0.05 was set as statistically significant. The overall prevalence of paramphistomosis in debretabor municipal abattoirs was 167(43.4). From the total of 384 bovines examined in the abattoir, 167 animals were infested with paramphistomum, while the rest were negative. The prevalence of paramphistomosis based on origin and age group was statistically significant (P-value less than 0.05) (p=0.000). (p=0.01) respectively. Paramphistomosis was found prevalent in the study areas. Those had been a hindrance to livestock production by causing remarkable direct or indirect effects on livestock’s in the study area, even though it needs to develop integrated control, prevention, and awareness creation strategies in the community for the control of paramphistomosis

Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) are readily fermentable in the rumen and, are a critical factor while preparing protracted feed for higher animal performance. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous complete feeds were prepared for this investigation to contain varying levels of nonstructural carbohydrates viz., 40.13 (NSC1), 45.21 (NSC2), 50.00 (NSC3) and 55.85 (NSC4) per cent, respectively. The four isocaloric and isonitrogenous complete feeds were tested in 32 Mecheri ram lambs (around three months of age) in a completely randomised block design (n = 8), and the lambs were fed their respective feed for six months. The study revealed that the increased NSC level in the complete diet increased the body weight and weight gain linearly (P < 0.05). The dietary NSC level affected the dry matter consumption in a quadratic manner (P < 0.05) and the lambs of the NSC4 group consumed significantly (P < 0.05) less DM compared to other dietary groups. The overall average feed conversion efficiency differed significantly (P < 0.05) among dietary groups. The correlation between dietary NSC level and faecal score was quadratic (r2 = 62.7, P < 0.05). The rumen pH, total nitrogen and NH3-N concentration were linearly decreased (P < 0.05) and the molar proportion of total short-chain fatty acids and propionic acid were increased (P < 0.05). The energy loss expressed as methane production was significantly (P < 0.01) lower for the high NSC diet-fed lambs. The lambs fed on a low NSC diet had significantly (P < 0.05) lower carcass weights, dressing percentage and loin eye area. The per cent share of rumen weight in the total fore stomach and the rumen papillae measurements length, width and surface area were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in high NSC diet-fed lambs. Increased levels of NSC in the diet increased (P < 0.05) fat deposition in the internal organs. The saturated fatty acids content in the meat was significantly (P < 0.05) lowered, whereas, the oleic acid and linoleic acid were increased (P < 0.05) as the NSC level increased in the diet. The study revealed that as the level of NSC increased in the complete diet there was a concomitant improvement in the final body weight, ADG and feed efficiency of post-weaned Mecheri lambs. It can therefore be recommended that the complete feed with 50 per cent NSC levels would be optimum to reap maximum returns from fattening Mecheri lambs.

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; The Sri Lankan livestock sector (LS) which is essential to rural households' food systems and means of subsistence, contributed to 0.6% of the GDP in 2020. The cattle industry has contributed &lt;40% to the LS. The objective of the review was to determine how Sri Lankan LS, especially ruminants contributed to climate change (CC) by emitting greenhouse gasses (GHG). In the year 2020, in total there were 1 426 570 cattle, including neat cattle and buffaloes. Sri Lanka has experienced various impacts of CC as it is a tropical island in the Indian Ocean. The cattle industry is involved in CC directly and indirectly. Global warming (GW) is a predominant factor in CC. The emission of GHG in different ways is a root cause of GW. As a GHG, 17% of methane emissions in the atmosphere are accounted by the enteric fermentation of ruminants, especially by the large ruminants; cattle, and buffaloes. It is a complex process that occurs within the fore stomach (rumen) of ruminants where gases are released outside via a process called eructation. As a GHG, methane (CH4) contributes to GW 28 times higher than carbon dioxide produced in large ruminants by enteric fermentation. In Sri Lanka, the majority of the local indigenous cattle and buffaloes are used to eat low-quality grasses, straws, and other roughage which significantly increases the emission of CH4. A past study revealed that the CH4 emission factor estimated according to the IPCC (2006) Tier 2 methodology for an improved dairy cattle is 42 kg /head /year while a local dairy cow is 52 kg /head /year and 65 kg /head /year for dairy buffalo in Sri Lanka and the values are lower compared to default emission factors given by the IPCC (2006). The expected temperature rise in Sri Lanka, which would be primarily caused by GHG, will be slightly less than the average worldwide. However, the highest emission scenario predicts a 2.9o C–3.5o C increase in temperature by the 2090s. Therefore, instead of focusing solely on production, it is important to investigate measures to minimize GHG emitted by large ruminants under local management conditions.&#x0D; Keyword: Climate change, Enteric fermentation, Livestock, Methane&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Reflux esophagitis is a condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the esophagus, resulting from the backflow of stomach acid and other gastric contents into the esophagus. Columbianadin is a coumarin derivative that exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we tried to scrutinize the protective effect of Columbianadin against acute reflux esophagitis in rats. RAW 264.7 cells were utilized to assess cell viability and measure the production of inflammatory parameters. The rats received anesthesia, and reflux esophagitis was induced via ligation of pylorus and fore stomach and corpus junction. Rats received the oral administration of Columbianadin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and omeprazole (20 mg/kg). The gastric secretion volume, acidity, and pH were measured. Additionally, the levels of oxidative stress parameters, cytokines, and inflammatory markers were determined. At the end of the study, mRNA expression was assessed. Columbianadin remarkably suppressed the cell viability and production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin (PGE2). Columbianadin treatment remarkably suppressed the secretion of gastric volume, total acidity and enhanced the pH level in the stomach. Columbianadin remarkably altered the level of hydrogen peroxidase, free iron, calcium, and plasma scavenging activity, sulfhydryl group; oxidative stress parameters like malonaldehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase; inflammatory cytokines viz., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; inflammatory parameters including PGE2, iNOS, COX-2, and nuclear kappa B factor (NF-κB). Columbianadin remarkably (P < 0.001) suppressed the mRNA expression TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Columbianadin demonstrated a protective effect against acute reflux esophagitis via NF-κB pathway.

There are no available data regarding the hematology, serum biochemistry, and fore stomach fluid constituents of llama (Lama glama) in Egypt. This study aimed to establish normal reference values for blood and fore stomach fluid constituents of llama and determine the influence of sex and season on these parameters under Egyptian conditions. The study was performed on (n = 38; 22 female, 16 male; 1–7 years) apparently healthy llamas located in the Giza Zoo and private zoo in the Ismailia Governorate. Samples were collected in two seasons and divided into summer and winter samples. Differences in the mean and range values of packed cell volume, serum minerals, fore stomach fluid pH, and total protozoal count in Egypt were recorded. Sex and season had minimal effects on hematology and only erythrocyte count showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in males compared with females. Regarding serum biochemistry, males showed significant (p < 0.05) increases in alanine transaminase and calcium levels, while globulin significantly (p < 0.05) increased in females. The influence of season on serum biochemistry was evident in alanine transaminase, total protein, albumin, and chloride which increased significantly (p < 0.05) in summer, while urea, bilirubin, and magnesium increased significantly (p < 0.05) in winter. Fore stomach fluid pH and ammonia showed significant (p < 0.05) increases in winter, while the total protozoal count increased significantly (p < 0.05) in summer and in males compared with females. The results obtained in this study can serve as reference values for the hematobiochemical and fore stomach fluid constituents of llama in Egypt.

Species identity and phylogeny of Paramphistomoidea Fischoeder, 1901 occurring in cattle and sheep in North Cameroon.

Under the influence of microorganisms 95 % of sugars and starch, 70 % of fiber and 40–80 % of protein are broken down in the fore stomachs. Since the microfl ora of the rumen cannot always cope with the digestion of a large amount of coarse feed, enzyme drugs designed to increase productivity and preserve animal health come to their aid. The use of enzyme additives is relevant and allows us to prevent the action of anti-nutritional factors of feed, increase the activity of endogenous enzymes, thereby contributing to the increase in metabolic processes in the body and increase milk productivity. The purpose of this work was to study the features of microbial processes in the rumen of lactating cows when the multicomponent enzyme feed additive Kormomix® Enzyme was included. The use of the enzyme additive aff ected the physics and chemical parameters of the rumen fl uid. The pH concentration in all groups was the same. The volatile fatty acids in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were on the same level as the control. In the 1st experimental group, there was a decrease in volatile fatty acids by 1,15 mmol/100 ml compare with control group. The assimilation of ammonia in animals of the 2nd experimental group, which received 50 g /head /day of the enzyme additive, was higher in compare with the control group. The ratio of volatile fatty acids in the rumen fluid of cows of the experimental groups has changed towards the increase in the proportion of acetic acid. The composition of the bacterial community of the rumen improved with the inclusion of 50 g/head/day of the enzyme additive Kormomix® Enzyme. The number of cellulolytic microorganisms exceeded the control level by 6,45 abs.%. Thus, the use of the enzyme additive led to the intensification of microbiological processes in the rumen of cows.

Understanding the fetal development is essential to treat different anomalies of livestock after birth. Biological and anatomical data on the developing rumen of goat is scanty. Here, we investigated histomorphological changes in the ruminal part of the fore stomach of the goat, Capra hircus L. to elucidate the transformation of rumen prior to its functional state. For this study, 36 developing rumen were collected from healthy and normal embryos/foeti of either sex of goat from the first stage of prenatal life until birth. Tissues were processed by paraffin embedding technique and sections were stained. Definite four layers of the tubular structure were elucidated first at 51 days of gestation. We observed the ruminal wall lined by undifferentiated stratified epithelium up to 100 days which gradually became stratified squamous keratinized epithelium at 145 days of foetal life. Throughout the gestation lamina muscularis was absent. Reticular fibers evident first followed by collagen and elastic fibers. The prenatal development of the goat ruminal mucosa evidenced a considerable resemblance with the post natal rumen; however, certain morphological changes are still incomplete in order to meet the functional demands in postnatal life

Background: Vagal indigestion in cattle is an abdominal disorder resulting from mechanical or functional obstruction of the fore stomach and/or abomasum outflow. Prognosis is usually poor except in late pregnancy indigestion. A Holstein- Friesian cow in late pregnancy was presented to the Veterinary Clinical Complex with the complaint of hyporexia, papple-shaped abdomen, dyschezia and voidance of pellety or dark scanty and greenish pasty dung for 8 days. Methods: Physical examination revealed papple-shaped abdomen. Rectal examination revealed L-shaped rumen and dilated intestinal loops. Haemato-biochemical analysis revealed neutrophilia, hyperglobulinemia, hypocalcaemia and hypokalemia. Blood gas analysis revealed no alterations. Ultrasonogram revealed normal architecture and motility of abomasum and absence of impaction. Result: Type II vagal digestion was identified as a cause in association with functional (adynamic) ileus which was due to with hypokalemic alkalosis and hypocalcaemia. The case responded to the treatment with cholinergic drugs, fluid therapy, antibiotics, antiinflammatory drugs and oral electrolytes.

San Xiao Lun is a posthumous manuscript by Liu Wansu. It discussed the etiology, pathogenesis and therapeutic principles of diabetes with special prescriptions for it. Most references in this book came from the works of Liu Wansu himself and some of them came from the works of other sources, such as The Internal Cannon of Medicine. It can be seen that it was a book with Liu Wansu's rethinking and summerising about diabetes after he completed his other works. San Xiao Lun was first published in Ru Men Shi Qin in the Jin Dynasty. It was also cited by Yi Fang Lei Ju in Korea in 1445. It was fully recorded and published in Ru Men Shi Qin in the Wanli Period in the Ming Dynasty and therefore, became the basic version of the current one. After that, it envolved into Si Ku Quan Shu. In the end of the Qing Dynasty, this book was published independently with the comments by Zhou Xuehai, being one of the books in the Zhous' Series Medical Books(Zhou Shi Yi Xue Cong Shu).

This study was conducted to know the influence of rumen bypass fat supplement on growth performance of Nili-Ravi mal buffalo calves. Nili Ravi buffalo male calves (n=12) were randlomly selected and divided into two groups i.e., A and B based on two different levels of age. These groups (A and B) were further divided into two respective sub groups i.e., A1, A2 and B1, B2. Sub groups A1 and BI served as control (without supplement) whilst sub groups A2 and B2 were fed RBF supplement (at the rate of 2.35% of dry matter intake) with basel diet with total mixed ration. Results showed no statistical difference ( P>0.05) in dry matter intake, body weight gain and body condition score on rumen bypass fat supplementation. In blood metabolites, rumen bypass fat supplementation increased (P<0.05) blood triglyceride and cholesterol levels however, it reduced (P<0.05) blood glucose level in Nili-Ravi buffalo male calves. This study suggests that supplementation of rumen bypass fat at the rate of 2.35% per day in TMR possess no impact on growth performance parameters in Nili Ravi buffalo male calves. Keywords : buffalo calves, rumen bypass fat, growth performance, body condition score, blood metabolites

GATA4 Controls Epithelial Morphogenesis in the Developing Stomach to Promote Establishment of Glandular Columnar Epithelium

The last 3 weeks each of pregnancy and early lactation are very critical for the dairy animals because of the challenges posed by metabolic and hormonal changes in the body. The dry matter intake of these animals starts declining during advanced pregnancy and gets reduced up to 30% just 3 weeks before parturition. Most of the energy is utilized for the production of colostrum and milk after parturition due to which the animal faces negative energy balance. The animal also loses its body condition score due to the utilization of its body fat to meet energy requirements that lead to an increase in non-esterified fatty acids in the blood. The animals are prone to metabolic disorders and decreased production of milk when its body fats are depleted. The energy requirements of such animals could be met by increasing the energy density of their diet. There is an increase in rumen acidosis if more quantity of concentrate is offered to such animals. Acidosis leads to the poor digestion of fibers in the rumen. There is increased production of propionate in comparison to acetate which is responsible for less percentage of fat in the milk of these animals. The ill effects of negative energy balance may be eliminated if these animals are offered bypass fat in their diet. The cellulose digesting bacteria stay unharmed due to bypass fat where as ordinary fat may harm these bacteria if more than 1% of its dry matter intake is fed. Therefore, it is advisable to offer bypass or prilled fat to the animals during transition period.

Reducing methane emission from ruminants has important economic value and ecological significance. Anaerobic methane oxidation (AMO) is an important way to reduce methane emissions in different ecosystems, including wetlands, marine habitats and lakes. According to different electron acceptors, AMO can be divided into sulfate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (S-DAMO), nitrate/nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (N-DAMO) and metal-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (M-DAMO). Feeding nitrate and sulfate to ruminants also has methane-lowering effects; however, this process has always been thought to be the result of <inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">N</mml:mi><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">3</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>－</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/C7C4F127-CB9C-4b0f-9443-E120E6537AB9-M003.jpg"/></alternatives></inline-formula> or <inline-formula><alternatives><mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">S</mml:mi><mml:msubsup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">O</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">4</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="normal">2</mml:mn><mml:mo>－</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msubsup></mml:math><inline-graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/C7C4F127-CB9C-4b0f-9443-E120E6537AB9-M004.jpg"/></alternatives></inline-formula> competition for hydrogen as the electron acceptor. The thermodynamic reactions of N-DAMO and S-DAMO are superior to nitrate reduction reaction and sulfate reduction reaction, and if AMO can proceed in rumen, it will be of great significance to improve environment and feed utilization efficiency. Therefore, based on the description of the type of AMO, mechanisms of AMO and microorganisms involved, this paper compared the differences of nitrate and sulfate reducing methane production in the natural habitat and rumen, and found that AMO may occur in the rumen, which may be one of the reasons for the reduction of methane production in the rumen by nitrate and sulfate.

In Ethiopia, recurrent drought and feed shortage coupling with high level of environmental pollution predispose the animals to foreign body ingestion. A cross-sectional study with systematic random sampling approach was employed from November 2018 to April, 2019 with the objectives of estimating the prevalence; identify associated risk factors and to categorize the types of foreign body in cattle slaughtered at Gondar ELFORA Abattoir. Ante-mortem and postmortem examinations were used to collect the data. From the total of 384 animals examined, the overall prevalence of foreign body was 83(21.61%). Adult and old animals were 4.33 (95% CI=0.98, 19.00, p=0.052) and 4.54 (95% CI=1.03, 19.96, p=0.045) times more likely to have a chance of getting foreign body than young animals by keeping another factors constant, respectively. However, the difference is not statistically significant for adult cattle. Moreover, poor and medium body conditioned animals were 2.19 (95% CI=1.04, 4.56, p=0.037) and 1.51 (95% CI=0.72, 3.13, p=0.273) times more likely to acquire foreign bodies than good body conditioned animals by keeping another factors constant. In the positive cases (N=83), 41(49.40%), 34(40.96%), 8(9.64%) and 0(0%) of the foreign bodies were found in the rumen, reticulum, both rumen and reticulum, and omasum, respectively. Majority of foreign bodies identified (79.51%) were non-metallic in nature, including clothes, plastics, rope, sand and stone. Designing and implementation of appropriate solid waste disposal and management practices are strongly recommended to reduce the risk of ingestion of indigestible foreign bodies.&#x0D; Keyword: Abattoir; Cattle; Foreign body; Fore stomach; Prevalence

Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar o efeito da inclusão de tanino na suplementação de bovinos a pasto sobre a degradabilidade da matéria seca. Foram utilizados dois bovinos machos Nelore, não castrado, canulados no rúmen, e suplementados com suplemento proteico-energético com 26% de proteína bruta (PB) a 0,5% do peso corporal, contendo na dieta de um dos animais a inclusão de 1g de tanino por kg de matéria seca (MS). Avaliou-se a degradação da MS das amostras de DDG (que significa grãos secos por destilação, na sigla em inglês), farelo de soja e milho. Para todos os alimentos não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos. O DDG apresentou fração indigestível (65,6%) maior que a fração potencialmente digestível (20,5%), a fração potencialmente degradável da MS (B0) do farelo de soja foi inferior ao observado na literatura, entretanto a taxa de degradação da fração B0 (0,037) foi semelhante (0,080). O melhor ajuste dos modelos de desaparecimento para MS do milho foi com os tratamentos separados. Porém, não houve diferença significativa entre eles. A taxa de degradação do tratamento com tanino (0,178) não apresenta confiabilidade por incluir o zero dentro do intervalo de confiança. Existe uma diferença significativa somente no tempo de meia vida, sendo possível observar que o tratamento com tanino demora quase que o dobro de tempo (96,35%) para digerir metade da fração potencialmente digestível do tratamento sem tanino.

Complete genome sequence of Streptococcus equinus CNU_G6, isolated from the rumen of native Korean cattle