RSUP Sanglah Research Articles

The Relationship of Age, Surgery Type, and Time to Surgery with Post-Operative Outcome of Open Tibial Fracture Grade III at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar in 2018-2020

Open tibial fracture is one of the most common lower extremity fractures in the world, especially in Denpasar City. Clinically, open tibial fracture grade III has higher risk of worse outcome, such as infection and bone healing complication than grades I and II, thus it should be evaluated further regarding risk factors affecting that occurrence. This research aims to know the relationship between several risk factors, those are age, surgery type, and time to surgery with postoperative outcomes in open tibial fractures grade III in terms of clinical, radiological, and functional based on Johner-Wruhs criteria. This research used cross-sectional method and used patients with open tibial fracture grade III who underwent surgery at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar in 2018-2020. Based on the data collection, there were 31 patients fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collected were characteristics and postoperative outcome assessed using Johner-Wruhs criteria which consisted of 4 categories. From Kendall Tau correlation test, there was no significant relationship between age and outcome (p=0,215) and a significant relationship between time to surgery and outcome (p=0,021). Moreover, the results of Fisher’s Exact Test did not find significant relationship between surgery type and outcome (p=0,720). Based on the results, it can be concluded that time to surgery (debridement) has significant effect on postoperative outcome compared to age and surgery type. Time to debridement also has unidirectional relationship with outcome, which means the longer time to debridement, the worse outcome experienced by the patient.
 Keywords : open tibial fracture, surgery type, outcome, age, time to surgery

The Influence of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Oxygen Saturation to Patient With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in IRNA C RSUP Sanglah Denpasar

The Influence of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Oxygen Saturation to Patient With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in IRNA C RSUP Sanglah Denpasar

Karakteristik Keberhasilan Kehamilan Pasien Yang Menjalani Bayi Tabung Dengan Protokol Panjang Di Klinik Bayi Tabung Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Tahun 2014-2017

Introduction: Globally there are estimated cases of infertility in 8%-10% of couples, if from the global picture of the population then about 50-80 million couples (1 in 7 couples) or about 2 million new infertile pairs each year and this number continues to increase. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) can be a solution for infertile patients. There are two IVF programs, namely with short protocols and long protocols, each protocol has benefits and limitations, The long protocol was the most widely used protocol prior to the introduction of GnRH antagonists (short protocols) in IVF centers around the world, but high cost constraints leads change over to the short protocol method. In its journey, the average success rate of IVF cycles ranges from 25-30%, while in Indonesia it is 29% for one cycle of long protocol. Thus, this study aims to determine characteristics of success rate patients undergoing ivf with long protocol at ivf clinic Sanglah General Hospital. Methods: This research is a descriptive study using medical record data and the sampling technique is saturation sampling. The data obtained according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria were 4 data which were analyzed descriptively for each case. Result: This study shows that out of 87 cases underwent the ivf program at RSUP Sanglah Clinic only 4 cases who underwent IVF with the long protocol, only 1 case was success, the age of the male partner was 35 years old and the female partner was 35 years old with primary infertile status for 4 years, had a total of 12 oocytes and 4 embryos and appropriate for the long protocol criteria. IVF with levels of ?-hCG 204.1 mIU / ml and get Geneli's pregnancy.Conclusion: During the 2014-2017 period, only 4 cases of patients undergoing IVF with the long protocol method were found, 3 cases with ?-hCG <50,2 did not get live birth while 1 case with ?-hCG> 50,2 had a viable pregnancy.

Blood Pressure Variation and Complication of End Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar

ABSTRACT
 Introduction: Intradialytic hypertension and intradialytic hypotension in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing regular hemodialysis are the two factors that can increase the mortality risk associated with cardiovascular disease. Aim: To know the blood pressure variability, frequency of hypertension and hypotension intradialytic, also symptoms. Method: The research’s design is observational based on primary data through six times blood pressure observation and symptom observation. It’s also based on secondary data through medical records. There are 100 respondents who have met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The majority of respondents are male (62%), 51-50 years old (31%), with pre-dialytic and dry weight around 51-70 kg (61% and 60%), PNC as the etiology (56%), and mostly 1-5 years undergoing hemodialysis (44%). The variability has shown there’s a drop of blood pressure average from pre-hemodialysis to the fourth hour of hemodialysis by 11.03 mmHg, afterwards the blood pressure average increased on post-hemodialysis by 2.98 mmHg. According to statistics, the systolic blood pressure’s coefficient of variation is 16.6%, p< 0.001, the maximum value is 148.57 mmHg, the minimum value is 137.54 mmHg. The frequency of intradialytic hypertension is 19% and intradialytic hypotension is 32%. Lastly, the most common symptom is muscle cramp (13%). Conclusion: There’s a significant difference among blood pressure during hemodialysis with coefficient of variation 16,6%. The frequency of intradialytic hypertension is 19% and hypotension intradialytic is 32%. And the most common symptom is muscle cramp (13%).
 Keywords: intradialytic hypertension, intradialytic hypotension, blood pressure variability

Difference Levels Of Cea And Ca 125 Tumor Marker Between Lung Carcinoma With Bone Metastases And Lung Carcinoma Without Bone Metastases At Rsup Sanglah Denpasar

Lung carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies metastasized to bone, as much as 30-40% of lung malignancies metastasize to bone in the course of the disease. Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) and Cancer Antigen 125 (CA 125) are tumor markers often used to assess lung malignancy. Eventhough the character of tumor markers are less sensitive and specific, some evidence address an increase in these tumor markers in the case of lung malignancies which metastasize to bone. The purpose of this study is to prove an increase in the levels of tumor markers CEA and CA 125 in lung carcinoma with bone metastases compare to lung carcinoma without bone metastases. A cross sectional study consecutively by reviewing lung carcinoma with bone metastases and without bone metastases in patient’s medical record between 2013-2021 at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Of 50 lung carcinoma patients (25 patients with bone metastases and 25 patients without bone metastases), levels CEA and CA 125 tumor markers were processed using SPSS. The results showed levels of CEA were significantly higher in lung carcinoma with bone metastases (p=0,028), but levels of CA 125 were not significantly higher in lung carcinoma with bone metastases (p=0,796). The results of the study concluded that levels of CEA could be used as a valuable marker to assess lung malignancy which metastasized to bone in clinical application.
 Keywords: Tumor Marker Levels, CEA, CA 125, Lung Carcinoma, Bone Metastases

Overview of the Quality of Life of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Chemotherapy as an option for breast cancer treatment. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a serious impact on health services, one of which is chemotherapy services. The delay in chemotherapy services due to the increasing number of COVID-19 cases indirectly has an impact on the quality of life of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to describe the quality of life of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. The design of this study used a quantitative descriptive with a cross sectional design. The study was conducted in the Chemotherapy Room Sanjiwani RSUP Sanglah with a sample size of 50 respondents with a sampling technique using purposive sampling. The results of this study indicate that the majority of breast cancer patients have quality of life in the moderate category as many as 47 respondents (96%) with an average quality of life score of 649.45 in the moderate category. Moderate quality of life in cancer patients is due to chemotherapy which improves the patient’s healing process so that there is an increase in quality of life. It is hoped that health workers will receive IEC and motivation for breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic as an effort to improve the patient's quality of life

CHARACTERISTICS OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS PATIENTS AT DERMATOVENEROLOGY CLINIC OF RSUP SANGLAH DENPASAR DURING THE PERIOD OF 2017-2019

Dermatophytosis is a desases that caused by dermatofita from the family of arthrodermatacecae. There are six types of dermatofitosis based on the lesi location ; which are tinea korporis, tinea kruris, tinea pedis, tinea kaptisis, tinea unguium, tinea barbae and tinea kapitis. tinea korporis and tinea kruris are the most common happens in the dermatifita deases. This research conduct with a descriptive retrospektif method using secondary data from the patient book registration at dermatovenerology clinic of RSUP Sanglah Denpasar during the period of 2017-2019. the data collection base on the criteria of age, sex, old or new patient, type of dermatophytosis and the type of theraphy. during the researc, 123 data were meet the criteria of age, sex,old or new patient, type of dermatophytosis and the type of therapy. Thus, the data analyzed deskriptifly. the highest percentage obtained are tines corporis (33,6%) age group range 1-14 years old (25,4%) 15-24 years old (25,4%), male (55,0%), old patient (51,6%), combination theraphy (54,1%)
 Keywords : Dermatophytosis, Tinea, Descriptive

Efikasi Diri dan Strategi Koping Pada Penyesuaian Diri Dokter Muda

Self-adjustment is a process that involves mental response and an individual’s behaviour to be able to respond and resolve any complications. An individual who successfully counterbalances between their need and their environmental demands will adapt well without resistance. This study wants to identify the effect of self-efficacy and strategy focus coping within self-adjustment of co-assistant doctors in the work environment of central public health (RSUP) Sanglah. The subject of this quantitative research involves 82 co-assistant doctors Medical Education Department of Medical Faculty of Udayana University, a co-assistant doctor in RSUP Sanglah and that was chosen through simple random sampling. The instruments in this research are the self-efficacy scale with the reliability of 0,935. A strategy focused coping scale with the reliability of 0,908 and a self-adjustment scale of 0,886. Multiple regression analysis results show that self-efficacy and strategy focused coping have affected co-assistant doctor self-adjustment by 38,3%.

CHARACTERISTICS OF DERMATOPHYTOSIS PATIENTS AT DERMATOVENEROLOGY CLINIC OF RSUP SANGLAH DENPASAR DURING THE PERIOD OF 2017-2019

Dermatophytosis is a desases that caused by dermatofita from the family of arthrodermatacecae. There are six types of dermatofitosis based on the lesi location ; which are tinea korporis, tinea kruris, tinea pedis, tinea kaptisis, tinea unguium, tinea barbae and tinea kapitis. tinea korporis and tinea kruris are the most common happens in the dermatifita deases. This research conduct with a descriptive retrospektif method using secondary data from the patient book registration at dermatovenerology clinic of RSUP Sanglah Denpasar during the period of 2017-2019. the data collection base on the criteria of age, sex, old or new patient, type of dermatophytosis and the type of theraphy. during the researc, 123 data were meet the criteria of age, sex,old or new patient, type of dermatophytosis and the type of therapy. Thus, the data analyzed deskriptifly. the highest percentage obtained are tines corporis (33,6%) age group range 1-14 years old (25,4%) 15-24 years old (25,4%), male (55,0%), old patient (51,6%), combination theraphy (54,1%)
 Keywords : Dermatophytosis, Tinea, Descriptive

KARAKTERISTIK FUNGSI KELENJAR TIROID PASCA TIROIDEKTOMI TOTAL PADA PASIEN NODUL TIROID DI RSUP SANGLAH

ABSTRACT
 The thyroid nodule is an enlargement because of the impact of TSH stimulation in order to produce thyroxine. The thyroid nodule is a case of benign and malignant neoplasm with a prevalence rate of 5-10%. The thyroid nodule causes obstruction and cosmetic disturbance so that these need thyroid gland surgery or thyroidectomy. Thyroidectomy is categorized into two methods which are partial and total thyroidectomy. After thyroidectomy procedure is performed, it needs subsequent examination post thyroidectomy in order to check the thyroid gland functions (hypothyroid, euthyroid and hyperthyroid). Such examination consists of the examination of TSH and FT4 levels. This study aims to understand the characteristics in terms of age, sex, classification and thyroid gland post total thyroidectomy.
 This study is of a descriptive research type with cross-sectional design towards thyroid nodule patients in RSUP Sanglah from November 2018 until November 2019. This study uses secondary data in the form of thyroid nodule patients’ medical records to get the characteristics in terms of age, sex, classification and thyroid gland post total thyroidectomy.
 In this study, it was found that 59 patients’ medical records with highest category which is with the age 50-59 years (30.5%); thyroid nodule cases are suffered more by female patients (84.7%) and was found more to be malignant (59.3%) which the domination of papillary thryroid carcinoma (45.8%). The thyroid gland function characteristics which are with the most cases are hypothyroid (44.1%), as followed by hyperthyroid (37.3%) and euthyroid (18.6%). It can be concluded that the thyroid nodule cases happen most in 50-59 years old with case with more prevalence in female patients. The thyroid nodule is found more to be in malignant classification. The thyroid gland function post thyroidectomy being found to be with most prevelence is hyperthyroid.
 
 Keywords : Thyroid nodule, thyroidectomy, thyroid function

THE DIFFERENCE OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT AGE-RELATED MACULA DEGENERATION (AMD)

Introduction: To determine the difference in the quality of life and cognitive function in patients with and without AMD.
 Methods: This research is an observational analytic study, a prospective cross sectional study in the polyclinic of RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar.
 Result: Study samples’s total are 66 people selected by consecutive sampling with 33 people in the group with AMD, and 33 people in the group without AMD. The results of the study showed the average age of the group with AMD 68 years and the group without AMD 67 years old. Most of the male sex and residence in denpasar in both groups. Most AMD with the wet type by 60.6 %. On the measurement of quality of life, it showed decreasing in all subscale in the group with AMD compared to the group without AMD with total average 27.2 % and also decreasing in cognitive function measured by MMSE in the group of AMD compared to the group of non – AMD with 6.8%, even though the MMSE score of the groups are within normal limits. All these things stated significant differences (p<0.05) statistically.
 Conclusion: There are decreasing quality of life and cognitive function in AMD groupd compared to Non-AMD group which is needed more treatment and screening in the future.

Sewaka dharma hindu nurse toward patients in sanglah general hospital denpasar

This research was conducted to reveal Hindu nurse services at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. As the largest hospital in Bali, RSUP Sanglah Denpasar has sufficient, safe, reliable, sophisticated facilities with the support of qualified and experienced human resources and has received various awards both national and international should be able to provide services to patients by upholding human dignity in services, education, and research. This phenomenon is a problem that requires an applicable solution and a formula for hospital services regarding nursing care for patients at the Sanglah Central General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Research on Hindu nurse services at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar was completed by qualitative methods. All primary data were collected directly at Sanglah General Hospital using participatory observation techniques and in-depth interview techniques. Obtaining data is complemented by the results of literature studies on scientific papers and books on nursing. All data were analyzed qualitatively using social practice theory, service management theory, and reception theory. The results showed that the Hindu nurse service at Sanglah Hospital was not optimal due to the habitus factor, the dominance factor of the structure, and the doxa factor in providing services to Sanglah Hospital patients.

Persepsi Keluarga dan Peran Pengetahuan Dalam Mengurangi Kedatangan Pasien Yang Tertunda Dengan Sindrom Koroner Akut

Sindrom Koroner Akut (SKA) adalah suatu tanda dan gejala klinis adanya iskemia miokard yang merupakan suatu kegawatdaruratan kardiovaskuler, namun, keterlambatan pasien tiba di IGD masih sering terjadi. Keterlambatan tiba dihubungkan dengan faktor pengetahuan keluarga dan persepsi keluarga dalam mengenali tanda dan gejala SKA, dimana keluarga terdekat dengan pasien SKA menjadi salah datu komponen penting dari keterlambatan tiba pasien SKA dating ke IGD PJT RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Tujuannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan persepsi keluarga dengan keterlambatan tiba pasien SKA Di IGD Pelayanan Jantung Terpadu RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional, dan teknik pengambilan data menggunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah 292 keluarga pasien yang mengantar pasien SKA ke IGD PJT. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu sebanyak 73,3% keluarga pasien tidak memiliki pengetahuan yang baik tentang gejala SKA dan terdapat 62,3% keluarga pasien memiliki persepsi bahwa gejala SKA yang dirasakan merupakan kelelahan akibat dari aktiftas sehari-hari. Dari analisa data diperoleh bahwa terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan dan persepsi keluarga dengan keterlambatan SKA dimana terdapat hubungan yang sedang antara penetahuan keluarga dan persepsi keluarga dengan keterlambatan tiba pasien SKA di IGD. Keluarga yang tidak mengetahui tanda dan gejela SKA dan persepsi keluarga bahwa gejala yang dialami pasien karena kelelahan, sehingga petugas kesehatan perlu memberikan penyuluhan kepada keluarga mengenai tanda dan gejala SKA, pola hidup sehat, dan pentingnya untuk datang ke IGD ketika tanda SKA dirasakan.

The Role of Motivation in Mediating the Effect of Competence and Leadership on Employee Performance in Outpatient Poly Installation of Wing Amerta RSUP Sanglah Denpasar

Performance is the performance of work or output (output) both quality and quantity. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of motivation in mediating the influence of competence and leadership on the employee performance of Wing Amerta Installation Sanglah Denpasar Hospital, the respondents are all 50 outpatient personnel, the data collected related to competence, leadership, motivation and performance. Analyzer used in this research PLS (Partial Least Square). The result of this research has positive and significant influence on motivation, leadership has positive influence on motivation and significance, positive competence to performance, and the relationship is significant, competence has positive effect on motivation and relationship is significant, motivation has positive effect on performance and relationship is significant, motivation is partial mediation between Competence to performance, and motivation is the perfect mediation between Leadership on performance

Clinicopathological patterns of cervical carcinoma in pathological anatomy laboratory at RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, Bali since 2012-2016

Background: Carcinoma of the cervix is the second most common cancer in women worldwide, Cervical cancer is the most common cancer in women in developing countries. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women overall, with an estimated 528,000 new cases in 2012. According to the data clinicopathology of cervical cancer in Bali its still in a small amount.Aims: To obtain information about clinicopathology of cervical carcinoma from the year 2012 – 2016.Methods: A descriptive design study is conducted to determine the clinical pathology profile of cervical carcinoma among patients in Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali in the year 2012 – 2016. Medical records of the patients were used as the secondary data for this research. This research used the histopathologic document that available in Pathological Anatomy at RSUP Sanglah which mainly reports about patient condition starting from the early anamnesis period until the exact diagnosis of the patient which is due to the laboratory examination or other.Result and Conclusion: As of 2012 to 2016, there were 142 cases of cervical cancer patients in RSUP Sanglah.The age group of 41-50 years has the highest number of patients in the year 2012 – 2016 which is about 52 patients. Abnormal vaginal bleeding is the most common clinical finding of cervical cancer patients from the year 2012- 2016 and carries 53% in 142 cases. It is found out that the most common histopathologic type of cervical cancer from the year 2012 – 2016 is squamous cell followed by adenocarcinoma in the list.

Hospital E-prescribing Implementation in Reducing Medication Error

The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze hospital e-prescribing implementation in reducing medication errors. The hospital information system was an information system that was used for hospitals wherein this information system allows data flow from a hospital can be done electronically. The service to patients can be done more quickly, accurately, and transparently which in the end could provide satisfaction to patients. Medication errors often occurred in hospitals. One of the causes was prescription errors or prescribing errors. The wrong medical decision had an impact on the safety and quality of the patient's health. Therefore, the efforts were needed to prevent and reduce errors by e-prescribing. This study used a qualitative approach in which the research conducted was descriptive. That was how the implementation of e-prescribing in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar in reducing medication error. The research results obtained from interviews, observations, and documentation were the implementation of e-prescribing in Sanglah Hospital going well by involving interviews with management, IT, pharmacists, doctors, and nurses. However, the obstacle faced was the internet network was sometimes not strong and the number of devices a computer was lacking. It can interfere with the process of drug service.

Accidental vs. deliberate overdose admissions to the emergency department in Bali's largest hospital - a look into the effects of mental health on Indonesia's substance abuse problem

BackgroundMental health care in Indonesia is under-resourced, drugs are easily available, and alcohol use is rising, increasing the risk of accidental and deliberate overdose. AimsIdentify the demographics of overdose patients presenting to the emergency department. Determine the substances commonly used in overdose; the percentage of accidental vs. deliberate overdoses; the psychiatric history of overdose patients; the reasons behind the overdoses occurring.Methods22 overdose patients over the age of 18 that had presented to the emergency department at the RSUP Sanglah Hospital in a 1-year period were included in the study. Data were collected from records kept by the hospital on gender, age, nationality, substance(s) used in overdose, presence of psychiatric disorder, whether the overdose was accidental or deliberate, and the reason behind the overdose. Microsoft Excel was used to collect and analyse the data.ResultsOverdoses were predominantly carried out by male Indonesians aged 25-34. Alcohol was the most common substance used (n=5, 22.7%). 55.5% (n= 12) of overdoses were accidental and 45.5% (n=10) were deliberate. 3 out of 22 patients had a diagnosed mental disorder. The unknown quantity consumed; unknown content consumed; over-consumption; and spiked drink caused an accidental overdose. Suicidality and family issues caused a deliberate overdose.ConclusionsOverdose rates were lower than expected. Accidental overdoses are likely due to easy access to substances, and a fear of retribution preventing admission to hospital. The high deliberate overdose rate plus low mental disorder rate suggests patients reach a mental-health crisis point before being diagnosed with a mental disorder.Â

Factor Associated with Development Disorder in Children

Early detection of growth and development delay is important so that interventions can be carried out on time. Knowing the factors associated with developmental disorders in children is important in efforts to improve the quality of life of children and reduce the prevalence of these disorders in general. This study aims to determine the factor associated with developmental disorder in the Sanglah General Hospital Growth and Development clinic in 2018. This research is a retrospective cross sectional study. The research data was obtained from the outpatient register at the Growth and developmental clinic, Sanglah General Hospital. The subjects of this study were all patients who visited in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2018. There were 363 patient with developmental disorder in a year, most cases (37.5%) were global developmental delays. The majority of patients with developmental disorder were aged 2-5 years (47.9%), were male (66.7%), had normal birth weight (69.9%) and had vaginal birth 60.4%. The majority of patients were found with comorbidities (50.4%), and epilepsy (12.6%) were the most common comorbidities found among patients. Child’s gender (PR 2.687; 96%CI 1.829-3.945; p=0.001), parents level of education (PR 2.223; 95%CI 1.414-3.497; p=0.001), birth weight (PR 2.066; 95%CI: 1.290-3.310; p=0.001), and nutritional status (PR 2.014; 95%CI 1.312-23.091; p=0.001) was associated with developmental dissorder. This research proved that child’s gender, parents level of education, birth weight, and nutritional status had a significant role in children's development disorders.

COMPARISON OF POLYMORPHISM rs3813865 CYTOCHROME P450 FAMILY 2 SUBFAMILY E POLYPEPTIDE 1 (CYP2E1) GENE IN VARIOUS CLINICAL STAGE OF UNDIFFERENTIATED TYPE NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is caused by interaction of Epstein-Barr virus chronic infection, environtment, and genetic factors. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infect nasopharyngeal ephitelial cell in latent period. This infection will cause mutation and further causing malignancy. This is a cross-sectional study in undifferentiated type NPC patients after hystopatological examination and were examined in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar from January 2017 to December 2018. This study is using 62 subjects who meets inclusion criteria. Univariate analysis was done to show subject characteristics which include age, gender, occupation, clinical stage, gene allele and rs3813865 polymorphism CYP2E1 gene. Mean age of subject is 48.05 years with standard deviation of 10.86 years. The youngest is 17 years old and the oldest is 73 years old. The most are men as many as 47 subjects (75.8%), and the most occupation are government employee as many as 17 subjects (27.4%). The most clinical stage of undifferentiated type NPC are stage II as many as 7 subjects (11.3%). Based on TNM, the most are T4 as many as 32 subjects (51.6%), N3 as many as 21 subjects (33.9%), and M0 as many as 60 subjects (96.8%).

Prevalence and clinical manifestations of patients with psoriasis in RSUP Sanglah from 2017 to 2018

Background: Psoriasis is a complex, multifactorial, inflammatory, chronic autoimmune disorder that changes the life cycle of skin cells. In countries around the world, the prevalence of psoriasis ranges from 0.09% to 11.43%.Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence and clinical manifestations of patients with psoriasis in RSUP Sanglah Denpasar from the year 2017 to 2018.Method: The study used is a descriptive retrospective study design using total sampling with142 samples recorded.Results: The prevalence of psoriasis was 0.603% in 2017 and 0.708% in 2018. Between 2017 till 2018, a total of 142 patients reported having psoriasis with 73 patients (51.4%) in 2017 and 69 patients (48.6%) in 2018. The cases were dominated by males with 90 patients (63.4%) and females with 52 (36.6%) for both the years. Psoriasis patients between the ages of 36-45 years were reported the most with a proportion of 23.2%. The least number of patients were reported below the age of 5 years. There was a total of 63(44.4%) patients diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris which is also the most common type of psoriasis case found in Sanglah. The least number of patients were psoriasis inverse and erythrodermic with 4(2.8%) patients each.Conclusion: The clinical manifestations used to diagnose psoriasis were red sharp boundaries erythematous plaque, covered with silver or scaly white squamae and geographic skin lesion. This clinical finding was used for almost all psoriasis diagnosis.