Objective: To investigate the effect of acupuncture or moxibustion at acupoint Geshu (BL 17) on raising leukocyte and promoting marrow proliferation.Method: Wister rats were selected to established the leukopenia and immuno-suppression model by intraperitoneal injection of cytoxan (CTX). After they were grouped and treated, leukocyte and marrow karyocyte were counted in different phases to evaluate the effect of acupuncture or moxibustion at acupoint Geshu (BL 17) on raising leukocyte and promoting marrow hematopoiesis.Results: Acupuncture or moxibustion at acupoint Geshu (BL 17) and routine western medicine could all significantly raise leukocyte and increase marrow karyocyte. The currative effect was better in moxibustion group than in acupuncture group and in routine western medicine group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Moxibustion at acupoint Geshu (BL 17) can markedly raise peripheral blood leukocyte and marrow karyocyte of the leucopenia model in rats.