Pedestrian Route Choice Behavior Research Articles

Activation of Shopping Pedestrian Agents—Empirical Estimation Results

This paper reports progress in the development of a multi-agent model which simulates pedestrian destination, route choice and scheduling behavior. In this model, the simulation of movement is embedded in a more comprehensive model of activity scheduling and choice behavior. We assume that pedestrians will be activated to visit a store if the store is suited to conduct any of the activities that are still scheduled, and that they are aware of this store. When pedestrians are aware of a store and the store is included in their consideration set, they will be activated and gradually move to a store. We assume that activation level is a stochastic variable. To estimate the activation function, survey data were collected. Visitors were interviewed about various aspects of their behavior such as familiarity with stores, motivation, and expectations about store aspects like assortment, sphere, quality and service. In this paper, we will discuss some of the findings of this data collection.

Route choice in pedestrian evacuation: formulated using a potential field

A method for formulating the route choice behavior of pedestrians in evacuation in closedareas with internal obstacles is proposed. The method is implemented in a pedestrianmodel, in which the route choice is determined by the potential of discrete space. Thepotential measures the total effect of such factors affecting route choice as route distance,pedestrian congestion and route capacity. Using scenario simulations, the proposedmethod is compared with several existing methods. Simulation results indicatethat the proposed method can simulate two classes of phenomena that cannot bereproduced accurately by those existing methods. In addition, two examples ofinefficient evacuation as regards route choice are given. The two examples illustratethat, for improving the efficiency of evacuation, excessive or limited sensitivity ofpedestrians to the route capacity may be unhelpful, and adding an extra route may beinefficient.

Collection, spillback, and dissipation in pedestrian evacuation: A network-based method

We present a method of predicting pedestrian route choice behavior and physical congestion during the evacuation of indoor areas with internal obstacles. Under the proposed method, a network is first constructed by discretizing the space into regular hexagonal cells and giving these cells potentials before a modified cell transmission model is employed to predict the evolution of pedestrian flow in the network over time and space. Several properties of this cell transmission model are explored. The method can be used to predict the evolution of pedestrian flow over time and space in indoor areas with internal obstacles and to investigate the collection, spillback, and dissipation behavior of pedestrians passing through a bottleneck. The cell transmission model is further extended to imitate the movements of multiple flows of pedestrians with different destinations. An algorithm based on generalized cell potential is also developed to assign the pedestrian flow.

Comparison of Walking Image among Different Age Groups in Taiwanese Cities

This study is an extension to a project that explores pedestrian behavior in Taiwan with an emphasis on impacts of sociocultural attributes. Data collection for the comparison among 4 cities was carried out by conducting an interview questionnaire survey. Impact of age of citizens in different cities towards pedestrian awareness and attitudes was examined. Three observations could be made from the analysis. Firstly, there is no significant difference among pedestrian behavior among Taiwanese cities. Secondly, there are significant differences of behavioral attributes among different age groups. Thirdly, analysis related to specific spatial characteristics of pedestrian facilities in city centers in Taiwan provides an insight into route choice behavior of pedestrians in different stages of the life cycle.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN NETWORK TOPOLOGY AND PEDESTRIAN ROUTE CHOICE BEHAVIOR

Pedestrian route choice behavior is affected by numerous factors. A lot of research has demonstrated that the route length or distance is one of the most important. Since distance is related to the network topology, it is desirable to incorporate network topology into pedestrian route choice behavior models as a variant. However, unfortunately, although there are some conceptual or graph-theoretical studies concerning network topology analysis, the studies concerning the real existing network remain uncultivated, especially from the perspective of pedestrians. After reviewing the previous studies, this paper proposes a new classification methodology which facilitates the topology analysis of real existing networks by using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Considering the pedestrian's distance priority, this paper points out the existence of one-route OD pairs i.e. the OD pairs without alternative routes, and discusses their relationships with network topologies.

Analysis on Pedestrian Route Choice Behavior in Underground Shopping Streets

Most populous cities in Japan have large underground shopping streets located at transportation hubs. These areas are used for retail purposes and also serve as commuter links between adjacent railway stations and attractions. Through detailed observations and surveys, this study developed pedestrian route-choice models in these large, underground shopping areas. These models have the potential to play an important role in the planning of underground shopping malls, including plans for stimulating retail activity during non-threatening times and a refuge plan during times of emergency.

Overall Level of Service of Urban Walking Environment and Its Influence on Pedestrian Route Choice Behavior

The objective of this study was to understand and quantify better the influence of the overall level of service (LOS) of the urban walking environment on pedestrian route choice behavior. A methodology for estimating the overall LOS of pedestrian walkways and crosswalks was developed on the basis of the concept of total utility value, which comes from a stated preference survey. Each sidewalk and crosswalk link was assigned an overall LOS according to its operational and geometric characteristics determined from field measurements. For analysis of pedestrian behavior, this study used data from a revealed preference survey on individual route choice behavior. A geographic information system network database was used to store the characteristics of the routes that pedestrians used. Network analysis with the ArcGIS program was used to analyze the routes, which included determination of the shortest-path routes and the optimized-LOS-path routes between origin-destination pairs. A comparative analysis of the actual routes and the estimated alternative routes was performed. On the basis of the results, a multinomial logit model was developed to express the route choice behaviors of pedestrians quantitatively. The model results indicate that pedestrians choose routes not only for distance but also for the overall LOS of sidewalks and crosswalks. On longer travel paths, pedestrians divert from the shortest-path route and are found to use sidewalks and crosswalks with high LOS. On shorter routes, pedestrians tend not to avoid sidewalks or crosswalks with low LOS. This analysis suggests that efforts to accommodate pedestrians in urban areas should focus on improving the walking environment of the road network.

Route Knowledge in Complex Environments: An Analysis of Pedestrian Recall Using Stereoscopic Panoramic Interactive Navigation

In this study, we investigate whether data collected on route knowledge is influenced by the method of data collection. The results of stereoscopic panoramic interactive navigation re-enactment sessions and conventional paper and pencil maps are compared against observational tracing data of pedestrian route choice behavior in the city center of Eindhoven, The Netherlands. The findings of the study suggest that the data collected through maps better describe empirical observations of pedestrian route choice behavior that the data collected through stereoscopic panoramic interactive navigation sessions.

Influence of Winter Road Conditions and Signal Delay on Pedestrian Route Choice in Japan's Snowiest Metropolis

Investigation of pedestrian route choice behavior on icy surfaces is important for the effective improvement of walkways in winter. The objective of this research was to investigate pedestrian route choice behavior in winter. Field surveys and questionnaire surveys were conducted to fulfill this objective. Video cameras were used in the field surveys to clarify the movements of pedestrians. How pedestrians chose their routes was investigated by observing their movements. According to the field survey, when the signal was green, the probability that the pedestrian would cross became extremely high, regardless of the road surface conditions. However, when the walkway surface was icy, the probability that the pedestrian would wait for a green signal decreased by a considerable value. This indicates that when the wait becomes long, the probability that the pedestrian will cross becomes low during the snowy season. A questionnaire survey was also conducted to clarify the factors affecting pedestrian route choice behavior. The questionnaire asked about different road surface conditions. The results from the survey indicate that even if part of a road section has a good surface condition, it has a strong influence on route choice behavior. It indicates that pedestrians feel uncomfortable in walking on slippery walkways and they prefer to choose bare walkways. On the basis of the data from the field survey and questionnaire survey, logit models were developed to express quantitatively the route choice behaviors of pedestrians. These models can be used to predict the probability that a pedestrian will select a route as a function of pedestrian delay at signalized intersections and the road surface conditions in winter.

Influence of Winter Road Conditions and Signal Delay on Pedestrian Route Choice in Japan's Snowiest Metropolis

Investigation of pedestrian route choice behavior on icy surfaces is important for the effective improvement of walkways in winter. The objective of this research was to investigate pedestrian route choice behavior in winter. Field surveys and questionnaire surveys were conducted to fulfill this objective. Video cameras were used in the field surveys to clarify the movements of pedestrians. How pedestrians chose their routes was investigated by observing their movements. According to the field survey, when the signal was green, the probability that the pedestrian would cross became extremely high, regardless of the road surface conditions. However, when the walkway surface was icy, the probability that the pedestrian would wait for a green signal decreased by a considerable value. This indicates that when the wait becomes long, the probability that the pedestrian will cross becomes low during the snowy season. A questionnaire survey was also conducted to clarify the factors affecting pedestrian route choice behavior. The questionnaire asked about different road surface conditions. The results from the survey indicate that even if part of a road section has a good surface condition, it has a strong influence on route choice behavior. It indicates that pedestrians feel uncomfortable in walking on slippery walkways and they prefer to choose bare walkways. On the basis of the data from the field survey and questionnaire survey, logit models were developed to express quantitatively the route choice behaviors of pedestrians. These models can be used to predict the probability that a pedestrian will select a route as a function of pedestrian delay at signalized intersections and the road surface conditions in winter.

Analysis on Pedestrian Route Choice Behavior based on Pedestrian Awareness and Relative Orientation of the Destination

In this research, pedestrian route choice behavior is analyzed on the following three factors including 1) spatial relationship between the current location and the destination, 2) pedestrian awareness of a street environment, 3) width of a street.Pedestrian route choice models are developed, using the above mentioned factors. This research also makes clear the difference of main environment elements of pedestrian route choice behavior from those of evaluation of a level of service of a street.

ANALYSIS ON PEDESTRIAN ROUTE CHOICE BEHAVIOR

ANALYSIS ON PEDESTRIAN ROUTE CHOICE BEHAVIOR

A research on the pedestrian's route choice model considering road conditions

Besides distance, there are additional factors influencing the pedestrian's route choices. So this paper attempts to propose a route choice model for the pedestrian with consideration of various road conditions. Based on an assumption that a pedestrian chooses the route with minimum disutility, the model is applied to the pedestrian's route choice behavior who has an origin-destination pair and identical traffic purpose. The dispersion of the pedestrian's feeling for the indirect interference traffic volume is introduced in the model as an individual difference. Finally, as the proposed model is revealed to have great predictability, it is applied to simulate the improving effects of road conditions.

City centre entry points, store location patterns and pedestrian route choice behaviour: A microlevel simulation model

The aim of this paper is to formulate and test a microlevel simulation model of pedestrian route choice and allocation behaviour within city centres. The model is developed to predict the likely effect of transportation plans and retail planning measures on pedestrian behaviour and hence on the profitability of shopping streets. The model captures the main characteristics of pedestrian behaviour as found so far in empirical studies. The model is tested in the city of Maastricht. The results indicate that the model gives a satisfactory description of pedestrian route choice and allocation behaviour. The paper is concluded by discussing some potential improvements of the model.

Human Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort.George Kingsley Zipf

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsHuman Behavior and the Principle of Least Effort. George Kingsley Zipf N. RashevskyN. Rashevsky Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Sociology Volume 57, Number 1Jul., 1951 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/220872 Views: 5Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Ali Hadi Zadeh, Zissis Poulos, Andreas Moshovos Deep Learning Language Modeling Workloads: Where Time Goes on Graphics Processors, (Nov 2019): 131–142.https://doi.org/10.1109/IISWC47752.2019.9041972Fatma Alwidyan, Ahmed Al-Ani, Nathan Kirchner, Michelle Zeibots An effort-based evaluation of pedestrian route choice behaviour, (Jun 2017): 1844–1849.https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIEA.2017.8283138