Rounds Of Expert Consultation Research Articles

Establishment of in-hospital nutrition support program for middle-aged and elderly patients with acute decompendated heart failure

ObjectiveTo construct a nutrition support program for middle-aged and elderly patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) during hospitalization.MethodsBased on the JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Model as the theoretical framework, the best evidence was extracted through literature analysis and a preliminary nutrition support plan for middle-aged and elderly ADHF patients during hospitalization was formed. Two rounds of expert opinion consultation were conducted using the Delphi method. The indicators were modified, supplemented and reduced according to the expert’s scoring and feedback, and the expert scoring was calculated.ResultsThe response rates of the experts in the two rounds of consultation were 86.7% and 100%, respectively, and the coefficient of variation (CV) for each round was between 0.00% and 29.67% (all < 0.25). In the first round of expert consultation, 4 items were modified, 3 items were deleted, and 3 items were added. In the second round of the expert consultation, one item was deleted and one item was modified. Through two rounds of expert consultation, expert consensus was reached and a nutrition support plan for ADHF patients was finally formed, including 4 first-level indicators, 7 s-level indicators, and 24 third-level indicators.ConclusionThe nutrition support program constructed in this study for middle-aged and elderly ADHF patients during hospitalization is authoritative, scientific and practical, and provides a theoretical basis for clinical development of nutrition support program for middle-aged and elderly ADHF patients during hospitalization.

Establishment of a Dataset for the Traditional Korean Medicine Examination in Healthy Adults.

We established a protocol for the traditional Korean medicine examination (KME) and methodically gathered data following this protocol. Potential indicators for KME were extracted through a literature review; the first KME protocol was developed based on three rounds of expert opinions. The first KME protocol's feasibility was confirmed, and data were collected over four years from traditional Korean medicine (KM) hospitals, focusing on healthy adults, using the final KME protocol. A literature review identified 175 potential core indicators, condensed into 73 indicators after three rounds of expert consultation. The first KME protocol, which was categorized under questionnaires and medical examinations, was developed after the third round of expert opinions. A pilot study using the first KME protocol was conducted to ensure its validity, leading to modifications resulting in the development of the final KME protocol. Over four years, data were collected from six KM hospitals, focusing on healthy adults; we obtained a dataset comprising 11,036 healthy adults. This is the first protocol incorporating core indicators of KME in a quantitative form and systematically collecting data. Our protocol holds potential merit in evaluating predisposition to diseases or predicting diseases.

Construction of the Whole Process Management Model of Hospice and Palliative Care Outpatient Clinic

Objective To construct a scientific and practical management model of the hospice and palliative care outpatient clinic and provide a reference for the operation and development of the outpatient clinic. Methods The basic framework of the whole process management model of hospice and palliative care outpatient clinic was determined preliminarily by literature analysis,qualitative interviews and experts group meetings.Two rounds of consultation were conducted among 18 experts in hospice and palliative care and medical-nursing combined outpatient service by the Delphi method. Results The questionnaire response rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were both 100% and the authority coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.88 and 0.91,respectively.Finally,the whole process management model of hospice and palliative care outpatient clinic was constructed,which was composed of three first-level indicators including staff composition,work structure and effect evaluation,5 second-level indicators and 62 third-level indicators. Conclusion The constructed whole process management model is scientific,innovative and continuous,which can provide a reference for the operation and development of the hospice and palliative care outpatient clinic.

Development and initial validation of the career resilience instrument for CDC emergency responders in China within the context of public health emergencies: based on a survey conducted in Shanghai.

China faces various public health emergencies, and emergency responders at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC emergency responders) are a mainstay in responding to public health emergencies. Career resilience can help CDC emergency responders to effectively respond to and recover from public health emergencies, but there is no specific measurement instrument available. In this study, we aimed to develop and conduct an initial validation of the career resilience instrument for CDC emergency responders in China within the context of public health emergencies from a process perspective. Based on a survey conducted in Shanghai, interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), which is a qualitative research approach to describing and analyzing individual experiences, was used to analyze the interview texts to develop the initial career resilience instrument for CDC emergency responders. The initial career resilience instrument was revised through two rounds of expert consultation. Cronbach's α coefficient and exploratory factor analysis were used to test the reliability and validity of the revised career resilience instrument. The initial career resilience instrument for CDC emergency responders contained three first-level measurement dimensions, 9 second-level measurement dimensions, and 52 measurement items. After expert consultation, the first-level and second-level measurement dimensions were not revised, 13 measurement items were deleted or revised, and six measurement items were added, resulting in 48 measurement items. The revised career resilience instrument was tested for good reliability and validity. Career resilience for CDC emergency responders can be regarded as a set of protective factors and dynamic processes that can be cultivated and intervened in cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions to improve their ability to respond to and recover from public health emergencies.

Construction and application of the "Internet + public health service" supply evaluation index system.

To construct an index system for evaluating the supply of Internet+ public health services, and to provide a practical tool for assessing the supply of Internet+ public health services in an objective and scientific manner. The research team drafted the index system framework by combing the literature. The Delphi method was used to determine the content and weight of the index through two rounds of expert consultations. At the same time, the Cronbach coefficient and factor analysis were adopted to test the reliability and validity. What's more, the analytic hierarchy process and the TOPSIS method were applied to analyze the empirical data of 15 counties and cities in the eastern, central, and western regions of China. The constructed indicator system includes 3 first-level indicators, 6 second-level indicators and 29 third-level indicators. Through reliability and validity tests, the stability and practicability of the index system are demonstrated in empirical research. The evaluation index system constructed in this article can be applied to the performance evaluation of Internet + public health service.

Construction of an evaluation index system for the capability of comprehensive control of mountain - type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the One Health concept

To construct an evaluation index system for the capability of comprehensive control of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the One Health concept, so as to provide insights into the control and elimination of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis using the One Health approach. A preliminary evaluation index system was constructed based on literature review, panel discussions and field surveys. Thirty-three experts were selected from 7 provincial disease control and prevention centers in Beijing Municipality, Hebei Province, Shanxi Province, Henan Province, Sichuan Province, Shaanxi Province and Gansu Province where mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis was endemic, and two rounds of expert consultations were conducted to screen the indicators. The positive coefficient, degree of concentration, degree of coordination, and authority of the experts were calculated, and the normalized weights of each index were calculated with the analytic hierarchy process. The response rates of questionnaires during two rounds of expert consultation were both 100.00% (33/33), and the authority coefficients of the experts were 0.86 and 0.88, respectively. The coefficients of coordination among experts on the rationality, importance, and operability of the indicators were 0.392, 0.437, 0.258, and 0.364, 0.335, 0.263, respectively (all P values < 0.05). Following screening, the final evaluation index system included 3 primary indicators, 17 secondary indicators, and 50 tertiary indicators. The normalized weights of primary indicators "external environment", "internal support" and "comprehensive control" were 16.98%, 38.73% and 44.29%, respectively. Among the secondary indicators of the primary indicator "external environment", the highest weight was seen for natural environment (66.67%), and among the secondary indicators of the primary indicator "internal support", the lowest weight was seen for the scientific research for visceral leishmaniasis control (8.26%), while other indicators had weights of 12.42% to 13.38%. Among the secondary indicators of the primary indicator "comprehensive control", the weight was 16.67% for each indicator. An evaluation index system has been constructed for the capability of comprehensive control of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the One Health concept. In addition to assessment of the effect of conventional mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis control measures, this index system integrates the importance of top-level design, organizational management, and implementation of control measures, and includes indicators related to multi-sectoral cooperation.

Application of Delphi method in the revision of dietary quality index in the elderly

To revise the dietary evaluation method of the elderly, and scientifically evaluate the dietary quality. Delphi method was used to revise a diet quality evaluation method for the elderly according to expert consultation and statistical analysis. The recommended recipes in The Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents(2016) were selected for preliminary verification. Two rounds of expert consultation were conducted, 25 experts in the industry were invited. The withdraw rate of two rounds were 100% and 84%, respectively. The authoritative coefficient were 0.82 and 0.80, the degree of familiarity was 0.92, and the basis for determination were 0.73 and 0.70, respectively. The coordination coefficient W value were 0.095 and 0.098 respectively. Delphi method had some advantages in the revision of dietary index for the elderly. Dietary quality index had some practicability, but it still needs further verification and improvement.

Development, Reliability and Validity of the Medication Literacy Scale for Parents of Children with Epilepsy.

This study aimed to develop a medication literacy scale for parents of children with epilepsy (MLSPCE) and to test the reliability and validity of the scale. The pilot scale was formulated based on the concept of medication literacy, the knowledge-attitude-practice model, and relevant literature reviews. It was formed through two rounds of expert consultations using the Delphi method. A survey of 657 parents of children with epilepsy, who were admitted to the neurology department or examined in the neuro-electrophysiological outpatient department of Guangzhou Women and Children Medical Center, using the pilot scale was conducted from October 2021 to January 2022 to test the reliability and validity of the scale questionnaire. The content validity of the scale questionnaire was assessed by consulting 20 neurology nursing, neurology clinician, and nursing education experts. Numbers, percentages, t-test, correlation analysis, Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient and factor analysis were used for data analysis. The MLSPCE included 34 items in four dimensions. Ten factors were drawn from the explorative factor analysis, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 62.32%. The content validity index of each item on the 34-item scale was between 0.81 and 1.0, and the scale-content validity index/ average was 0.97. The correlation coefficient between each item and its dimension was between 0.399 and 0.760, the correlation coefficients between dimensions were between 0.150 and 0.382, and the correlation coefficients between each dimension and the total scale were between 0.390 and 0.845. Differences for all comparisons were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total scale was 0.864, and the split-half reliability of the total scale was 0.923. All the statistical procedures performed in the validity and reliability stages of the study showed that MLSPCE is a valid and reliable tool for measuring medication literacy among Chinese parents of children with epilepsy.

A Delphi Study to Construct an Index of Practice for Community Nurses Providing Transitional Home Care for Patients with Chronic Diseases.

Community nurses play a key role in providing continuous home care for patients with chronic diseases. However, a perfect system of responsibilities and requirements has not yet been formed, and nurses cannot provide high-quality nursing services for home-based patients. We attempted to construct an index of the scope of practice for community nurses providing home-based transitional care for patients with chronic diseases and to guide nurses in playing an active role in transitional care work. From March to May 2023, 14 representative community nurses from the Shanghai Community Health Service Center were selected for group interviews and 2 rounds of Delphi consultation. A total of 14 valid questionnaires were collected. The authority coefficients were 0.94 and 0.93, and the Kendall coefficients were 0.56 and 0.59 for the 2 rounds of expert consultation (P < .05). Finally, an index system, including 6 primary indices (transitional caring provider, patient self-management facilitator, community group intervention organizer, home caregiver supporter, family physician team collaborator and supervisor of home medical equipment use, and medical waste disposal) was constructed for community nurses involved in providing home-based transitional care for patients with chronic diseases. The weight values of the 6 indices were 0.19, 0.17, 0.21, 0.13, 0.14 and 0.16, respectively (CR = 0.035, and the consistency test was passed), and 16 secondary indicators and 42 tertiary indicators were identified. In this Delphi study, an index system that can be used to determine community nurses' roles in providing home-based transitional and continuous care for patients with chronic diseases was successfully established. The index system is considered reliable and easy to use and will provide a meaningful reference for community nurses and policy-makers.

Construction of nursing-sensitive quality indicator system for cardiac rehabilitation of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention based on structure-process-outcome model

BackgroundCoronary heart disease (CHD) is a cardiovascular disease with high mortality. At present, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is considered as the main effective treatment for CHD due to less trauma, shorter course of treatment, and better curative effect. However, PCI alone is not a permanent cure, so cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is needed for a supplement. Nowadays, the evaluation of the nursing-sensitive quality of CR after PCI focuses on the outcomes of patients, lacks a complete evaluation indicator system, and is prone to problems such as nursing management imbalance.ObjectiveA scientific, sensitive, comprehensive and practical nursing-sensitive quality indicator system based on the structure-process-outcome model was constructed to provide a reference for evaluating nursing-sensitive quality of CR after PCI.MethodsFirstly, through literature analysis and semi-structured interview, the indicator system was collected, screened and determined. Then, the framework of the indicator system was established, and the draft of nursing-sensitive quality indicator system of CR after PCI was formed. Subsequently, the nursing-sensitive quality indicator system of CR after PCI was initially established using Delphi method. Finally, the specific weight was determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and the nursing-sensitive quality indicator system of CR after PCI was established and perfected.ResultsTwo rounds of expert consultations were separately given 15 questionnaires, and all these questionnaires were returned, with a questionnaire response rate of 100%. Such result indicated that experts were highly motivated. Besides, the authoritative coefficients for two rounds of expert consultations were 0.865 and 0.888, and the coordination coefficients were 0.491 and 0.522, respectively. Hence, the experts’ authority and coordination were high and the results were reliable. After the second round of expert consultation, the nursing-sensitive quality indicator system of CR after PCI was established, eventually. This system consisted of 3 first-level indicators (structural indicator, process indicator and outcome indicator), 11 s-level indicators and 29 third-level indicators.ConclusionA relatively complete and reliable nursing-sensitive quality indicator system of CR after PCI has been established in this study. Such system is scientific and reliable and can provide a reference for the evaluation of clinical teaching quality of CR after PCI.

Construction of a surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin

To establish a surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin, so as to provide insights into creation of a sensitive and highly efficient surveillance and early warning system for schistosomiasis. National and international publications, documents, laws and regulations pertaining to schistosomiasis control were retrieved with keywords including schistosomiasis, surveillance, early warning and control interventions from 2008 to 2022, and a thematic panel discussion was held to preliminarily construct surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. The index system was then comprehensively scored and screened using the Delphi method, and the weight of each index was determined using analytic hierarchy process and the modified proportional allocation method. In addition, the credibility of the Delphi method was evaluated using positive coefficient, authority coefficient, degree of concentration and degree of coordination of experts. Following two rounds of expert consultation, a surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk in endemic areas along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin was preliminarily constructed, including 3 primary indicators, 9 secondary indicators and 41 tertiary indicators. The normalized weights of primary indicators epidemics, natural and social factors and comprehensive control were 0.639 8, 0.145 6 and 0.214 6, respectively, and among all secondary indicators, snail status (0.321 3) and schistosomiasis prevalence (0.318 5) had the highest combined weights, while social factors had the lowest combined weight (0.030 4). Of all tertiary indicators, human egg-positive rate (0.041 9), number of acute schistosomiasis cases (0.041 5), number of stool-positive bovine and sheep (0.041 1), and prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum in free-ranging livestock (0.041 1) had the highest combined weights. During two rounds of consultation, the positive coefficient of experts was both 100%, and the authority coefficient was both 0.9 and greater, while the coordination coefficients were 0.338 to 0.441 and 0.426 to 0.565 (χ2 = 22.875 to 216.524, both P values < 0.05). The established surveillance and early warning index system for schistosomiasis transmission risk along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin is of great scientific values and authority, which may provide insights into construction of the sensitive and highly efficient surveillance and early warning system for schistosomiasis in the context of low prevalence and low intensity of infection in China.

A Development of the Evaluation Indicator for the Sustainable Development of Elementary School Basketball in Anhui Province

Background and Aim: School basketball in Anhui Province is one of the earliest provinces approved by the Ministry of Education. Given the important role of school basketball in Anhui Province in the reform of physical education and the fundamental role of school basketball in the selection of competitive basketball reserves, it is crucial to guide the scientific and sustainable development of school basketball in Anhui Province. Thus, the research aimed to develop a comprehensive and scientific evaluation indicator system for the sustainable development of school basketball in Anhui Province. Materials and Methods: The main research instrument of this research was expert questionnaires. The population is 31 experts. The Delphi technique was used to select 19 experts in the field of school basketball to determine the final indicator system. Using the AHP method, the researchers calculated the weights for each indicator in the evaluation indicator system based on the experts' judgments. This process contributed to an objective and quantitative determination of the indicators' importance. Results: The scientificity and applicability of the research process and results were validated through a focus group. Data analysis uses the mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, frequency statistics, and Kendall's concordance coefficient test work. The research determined the evaluation indicator system through two rounds of expert consultation, resulting in four first-level indicators, 11 second-level indicators, and 35 third-level indicators. In this research, the hierarchical analysis method (AHP) was used to determine the weights of the indicators at all levels. The research findings indicated that the developed evaluation indicator system received recognition and support from the experts in terms of its scientificity, rationality of evaluation standards, and comprehensiveness. Conclusion: The system provided an effective evaluation tool for assessing the sustainable development of school basketball in Anhui Province, guiding relevant decision-making processes, and offering reference points for improvements.

Development of a humanistic care digital storytelling programme for intensive care unit nursing students: Feasibility and satisfaction analysis

BackgroundHumanistic care has become an essential quality for modern nurses. However, previous studies have revealed that nursing students lack adequate preparation to meet the needs of patients in intensive care units using a humanistic care approach. ObjectivesTo develop a humanistic care digital storytelling programme for intensive care nursing students and assess its acceptance and satisfaction among participants through a satisfaction survey. MethodsThe development of the programme was based on the SHARE framework (S: sense patient's needs; H: help patient out; A: acknowledge patient's feelings; R: respect patient's dignity and privacy; E: explain what is happening) and involved three steps. Content analysis and narrative adaptation were used to develop a series of digital stories illustrating humanistic stories from clinical practice. The preliminary draft of the programme was modified based on Delphi consultation. Finally, the programme was piloted with nursing students and their satisfaction was evaluated using questionnaires. All statistical analyses were performed using Excel 2016 and SPSS 26.0. ResultsFour digital stories were successfully selected and a total of 16 questionnaires were distributed and collected in two rounds of expert consultation. The effective Delphi rate was 100 %. The expert authority coefficients in rounds 1 and 2 were 0.82 and 0.875, respectively. The coefficient of variation for round 1 was 0–0.23, and for round 2, it was 0–0.14. The Kendall's coordination coefficient was 0.119 for round 1 and 0.054 for round 2. The nursing students highly evaluated the programme, with 100 % of participants reporting that the digital stories successfully evoked emotional responses and that they were satisfied with the course duration. ConclusionA scientifically valid, credible, and satisfactory humanistic care digital storytelling programme was developed for intensive care unit nursing students. The programme provides valuable guidance for nurse educators and scholars seeking to develop effective digital storytelling training programmes.

Construction and evaluation of nursing-sensitive quality indicators for vaginal birth after cesarean: A Delphi study based on Chinese population

AimTo develop scientific, systematic and clinically applicable nursing-sensitive quality indicators for vaginal birth after cesarean in obstetrics, which provide a theoretical and clinical basis for monitoring and improving the nursing quality of vaginal birth after cesarean in China. MethodsA modified Delphi-consensus technique was used in this study. Based on literature retrieval published between January 2012 and December 2022 and group discussion, the preliminary nursing-sensitive quality indicators were selected using a structural-process-outcome model. Then a questionnaire was designed on the preliminary indicators. The modified Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation among 26 hospitals in China. The survey data of experts’ opinions were collected and analyzed to determine the final nursing-sensitive quality indicators. The importance of indicators, rationality of calculation formula and operability of data collection were analyzed and discussed. ResultsA total of 33 nursing-sensitive quality indicators were determined. The indicators were composed of 3-level ones, including 3 first-level indicators (structural, process and outcome indicators), 9 s-level ones and 33 third-level ones. The positive coefficients in the two rounds of expert consultation were 95.56 % and 97.67 %, respectively, and the authoritative coefficients were 0.88 and 0.94. The coefficients of variation ranged from 0.05 to 0.28. ConclusionThe nursing-sensitive quality indicators were successfully developed using the modified Delphi method. The indicators are scientific, systematic and clinically operable, and play an important role in improving the nursing quality for pregnant women with vaginal birth after cesarean.

Construction of an enteral nutrition evaluation system for critically ill patients based on the Delphi method.

This study aimed to construct an enteral nutrition evaluation system for critically ill patients using the Delphi method to direct the formulation of enteral nutrition support strategies and reduce interruption to enteral feeding. We used domestic and foreign databases to obtain and analyze the literature and form "The Whole-Proceeding Enteral Nutrition Evaluation System for Critically Ill Patients." The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert opinion consultation, combined with the suggestions from the research group to finalize the nutrition evaluation content of the system. After two rounds of expert consultation, a nutrition evaluation system was formed around three dimensions: before the start, during, and after the end of nutritional support. The effective recovery rates of the two rounds of expert consultation were 90.0% (18/20) and 100.0% (18/18), respectively. Authority coefficients were 0.865 and 0.908, while Kendall coordination coefficients were 0.108 ( P < 0.05) and 0.115 ( P < 0.001), respectively. Finally, the full enteral nutrition evaluation system for critically ill patients was constructed based on the Delphi method, including three primary items and seven secondary and 28 tertiary indicators. The established "Whole-Proceeding Enteral Nutrition Evaluation System for Critically Ill Patients" has high consistency from expert opinions and reliability, which can provide a practical evaluation tool for the process of enteral nutrition for severe patients.

Research on indicators of ideological and political resource database construction for curriculum of "Epidemiology"

Objective: To construct indicators of the ideological and political resource database construction for the curriculum of "Epidemiology". Methods: Two rounds of expert consultation were conducted in 15 experts from 4 universities and 1 textbook publishing house using the Delphi method, and the importance and feasibility scores of the indicators were calculated with the degree of concentration and coordination of experts' opinions. Results: In the two rounds of consultation, the experts' positive coefficient of the two questionnaires were both 100.00% (15/15), the authoritative coefficients of experts were both 0.83, and the Kendall's W was 0.27 (P<0.05) and 0.33 (P<0.05), respectively. Consensus was reached on 4 primary indicators and 31 secondary indicators. Conclusion: The process of this study is scientific, and the indicators for the construction of ideological and political resource database for the curriculum of "Epidemiology" are authoritative, which can promote the establishment of ideological and political resource database for the curriculum of "Epidemiology".

Consensus on the pharmacological treatment of acute stress disorder in Chinese pilots: a Delphi study

BackgroundAppropriate medication is very important for pilots with acute stress disorder. Improper medication can not only affect the physical and mental health of the pilots but can also endanger flight safety. Hence, we aimed to quickly and effectively relieve symptoms and restore cognitive function by forming a consensus of Chinese experts on the pharmacological treatment of acute stress disorder in pilots using the Delphi method.MethodsRelevant literature was searched to enumerate the current status of pharmacological treatment of acute stress disorder in pilots, followed by two rounds of expert consultation and discussion according to the listed status of the survey using the Delphi method. A descriptive statistical method was used to analyze the basic information, authority coefficients, concentration of opinions, and survey items of the experts to develop a consensus on the pharmacological treatment of acute stress disorder in pilots.ResultsA total of 16 experts in psychiatry, pharmacology, and aerospace medicine from different provinces and cities across China were invited for consultation. The recovery rate of the two rounds of consultation was 100%, and the expert authority coefficients were 0.897 and 0.906, respectively. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of indicators at all levels was 0.564–0.594 (p < 0.01). Based on the number of votes received, alprazolam tablets (16), eszopiclone tablets (15), and lorazepam tablets (14) were recommended for the treatment of excitatory psychomotor symptoms of acute stress disorder; paroxetine tablets (15) and sertraline tablets (15) were available for psychomotor depressive symptoms; olanzapine tablets (15), olanzapine orally disintegrating tablets (14), and quetiapine fumarate tablets (14) were selected for psychotic symptoms.ConclusionsThis study formed a consensus on rapid and effective pharmacological treatment for different symptoms of acute stress disorder pilots, which provides a reference for clinical treatment.

Development of Patient-Reported Outcome Scale for Patients with Diabetic Foot and Its Reliability and Validity Test.

To construct a self-reported outcome scale for diabetic foot patients, and to test its reliability and validity. Through literature reading and interviews with 30 patients, a pool of scale items was formed. The items were classified and sorted out according to the expected scale structure framework. After two rounds of expert consultation and a small range of test dressing, the initial scale was formed. Through the investigation of 85 patients with diabetic foot, item differentiation analysis, correlation analysis and exploratory factor analysis were used to screen the items. Cronbach's α coefficient, retest reliability and content and structure validity analysis were used to determine the feasibility and validity of the scale. The final scale included 4 first-level items and 22 second-level items. The critical ratio method showed that the scores of each item in the high group and the low group were significantly different (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient between each item and the total score was 0.431 to 0.829; The content validity index of the scale was 0.91, the exploratory factor analysis identified three common factors, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 75.381%. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit well. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.934 and the retest reliability coefficient was 0.926. The self-reported outcome scale for diabetic foot patients has good reliability and validity, and can be used to investigate the health status of diabetic foot patients and evaluate the therapeutic effect.

Construction of an evaluation index system of core competencies for critical care blood purification nurses in China: A Delphi study

AimThe purpose of this study was to construct a core competencies evaluation index system for critical care blood purification nurses in China. BackgroundWhile nursing is an integral part of critical care blood purification treatment, there are no established indicators to evaluate the core competencies of critical care blood purification nurses. DesignA Delphi study. MethodsAn initial draft of the competencies evaluation index system for critical care blood purification nurses was developed through a literature review and semi-structured interviews. From February 2023 to March 2023, a two-round Delphi survey was conducted to consult with 18 experts in the field of critical care blood purification from eight provinces in China to rate the importance of each item and propose modifications to the evaluation index system. ResultsThe effective questionnaire recovery rates in two rounds of expert consultation were 94.4 % and 94.1 % and the average expert authority coefficients were 0.88 in both rounds. The core competencies evaluation index system of critical care blood purification nurses consisted of 39 items in five domains, namely theoretical knowledge, practical skills, professional development capability, critical thinking ability and personal qualities and attributes. The Kendall’s W coefficients for the first- and second-level indicators were.21 and.20 in the first round and.23 and.25, respectively, in the second round of consultations (p < .01). ConclusionThe core competencies evaluation index system of critical care blood purification nurses is scientific and reliable and can provide references for the recruitment, training and management of critical care blood purification nurses.

Establishment of a value evaluation system for health and wellness tourism resources: Reflections on China's official tourism resource evaluation criteria.

In recent years, China's sub-healthy and aging populations have increased dramatically, giving rise to a series of health and wellness needs. People prefer health and wellness tourism activities instead of sightseeing tourism activities because of the increasing emphasis on safety and experience. Health and wellness tourism resources are a prerequisite for the development of health and wellness tourism. To critically reflect on China's official tourism resource evaluation criteria, expert consultation was carried out by applying the Delphi method, and index weights were determined using the analytic hierarchy process. Through three rounds of expert consultation, a value evaluation system for health and wellness tourism resources was established and improved in three aspects: construction of an index system, selection of evaluation subjects, and grade discourse description, thus enhancing the feasibility and application value of the evaluation system. The system developed in this study not only enables a reflection on China's official tourism resource evaluation criteria, but also presents a new approach in the value evaluation research of health and wellness tourism resources.