Round Fruit Research Articles

Fruit Characteristics of Hybrid Triploid Melons

Thirteen triploid lines of melon (Cucumis melo L.) were derived from crosses involving five tetraploid and seven diploid lines. Fruit characters were assessed. When allowed to open pollinate in field plots with adjacent diploid pollinators, eight triploid genotypes were sterile or nearly sterile (<1% viable seed). Five triploid genotypes were partially fertile, indicating viable pollen grains were present. Cytological analysis performed on progeny of a partially fertile triploid plant fertilized by open pollination indicated euploid female gametes were common. Triploid hybrids between tetraploid `Miniloup' and several other diploid parents had vegetative and fruit characteristics intermediate to the parents. Most triploid genotypes yielded round fruit in contrast to their diploid parent whose fruit were oval to oblong and the tetraploid parent that had oblate fruit. Sugar levels of some triploid hybrids were as high as diploid parents.

Fruit Characteristics of Hybrid Triploid Melons

Thirteen triploid lines of melon (Cucumis melo L.) were derived from crosses involving five tetraploid and seven diploid lines. Fruit characters were assessed. When allowed to open pollinate in field plots with adjacent diploid pollinators, eight triploid genotypes were sterile or nearly sterile (<1% viable seed). Five triploid genotypes were partially fertile, indicating viable pollen grains were present. Cytological analysis performed on progeny of a partially fertile triploid plant fertilized by open pollination indicated euploid female gametes were common. Triploid hybrids between tetraploid `Miniloup' and several other diploid parents had vegetative and fruit characteristics intermediate to the parents. Most triploid genotypes yielded round fruit in contrast to their diploid parent whose fruit were oval to oblong and the tetraploid parent that had oblate fruit. Sugar levels of some triploid hybrids were as high as diploid parents.

Fertility and Fruit Characters of Hybrid Triploid Melon.

Thirteen triploid hybrid lines of melon (Cucumis melo L.) were derived from crosses involving five tetraploid lines and seven diploid lines. Fertility and fruit characters of the triploid hybrids were assessed. When allowed to open-pollinate in field plots with adjacent diploid pollinators, eight triploid genotypes were sterile or nearly sterile (less than 1 o/o viable seed). Five triploid genotypes were partially fertile (viable seed 6-36 %). Staining and morphology of pollen grains from partially fertile hybrids indicated viable pollen grains were present. Cytological analyses performed on progeny of a partially fertile triploid plant fertilized by open pollination indicated euploid female gametes were common. Triploid hybrids between tetraploid 'Miniloup' and several other diploid parents had vegetative and fruit characteristics intermediate to the parents. Most triploid genotypes yielded round fruit. Sugar levels of some triploid hybirds were as high as diploid parents.

Postharvest Sensory and Physicochemical Attributes of Honey Dew Melon Fruits

Physicochemical and sensory attributes of fully mature honey dew melon (Cucumis melo L. var. inodorus Naud.) fruits were evaluated 10 days after storage for eight commercial cultivars grown in two locations. Cultivars varied in degree of pref- erence expressed by panelists' ratings for overall fruit preference, flavor, and shape and for physicochemical measurements of soluble solids concentration (SSC), flesh firmness, and fruit weight. The sensory attribute that correlated most strongly with overall fruit preference was fruit flavor (r = 0.97). The whiteness of epidermal tissue (rind L value) and SSC correlated more highly with overall fruit preference (r = 0.54 and r = 0.52, respectively) than other physicochemical attributes, such as fruit firm- ness (r = -0.24) and fruit weight (r = -0.12). Epidermal L value correlated more strongly with panelists' ratings for fruit shape (r = 0.69) than with fruit flavor (r = 0.35), but SSC correlated more strongly with fruit flavor (r = 0.61) than with fruit shape (r = 0.30). Superior honey dew melon quality at harvest was associated with high SSC, white epidermal tissue, and round fruit shape.

‘Cariflora’—a Papaya Ringspot Virustolerant Papaya for South Florida and the Caribbean

Abstract ‘Cariflora’ is a dioecious papaya (Carica papaya L.) cultivar, tolerant of infection by papaya ringspot virus (PRV), that has been developed for south Florida and the lowland Caribbean region. ‘Cariflora’ produces good quality, round fruit with sweet yellow flesh and an agreeable aroma. This papaya is particularly suitable for commercial plantings because of the small size of its fruit, but it also could be useful to home growers. ‘Cariflora’ is being released for grower trial by the Agricultural Experiment Stations of the Univ. of Florida.

Jimsonweed Abuse

Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) is a plant found commonly throughout the United States. It is a member of the Solanum family to which other common plants, such as the potato, also belong. The genus Datura is found throughout the world under a variety of common names. All have similar pharmacologic activity. The botanical and common names for some of the Datura genus are shown in Table 1. Also listed are some examples of the Solanaceae family and others that have similar anticholinergic pharmacology and presentation. Datura stramonium is a plant which grows to the height of three to six feet. Other members of the genus may be tree-like and grow to heights of more than 20 feet, especially in South America. D stramonium is an annual herb which grows from midspring to the first hard freeze; it reproduces primarily from seeds. It has dark green leaves similar to but larger than those seen on common tomato plants. It blooms approximately two months after it begins growth and develops long white flowers, lending the name "angel's trumpet" to members of this species. If the temperature condition at night does not fall below approximately 58°F, the fruit will set at the base of these flowers. A round fruit with spines will develop, thus the name "thron apple" (Figs 1 and 2).

Fatty acids in fossil fruits

Fatty acids extracted from six fruit of Nyssa fissilis from the Early Tertiary Brandon Lignite, Vermont, include mainly palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, and oleic acids and a number of probable branched chain acids. Four unidentified ‘round fruit’ from the lignite contained the same acids in predominance. The two taxa were chemically indistinguishable because of wide intraspecific variation in percentage of each n-fatty acid present. ‘Fingerprint’ chromatograms of non-aromatic hydrocarbon extracts from two distinct taxa of fruit from an Eocene clay of Tennessee also showed no consistent interspecific differences. We conclude that degradation and removal of the seed food reserves and introduction of extraneous lipids limits the utility of fatty acids and hydrocarbons in chemosystematic study of fossil fruits at the species and genus levels.

Un nouveau genre de Bombacées, Patinoa

A new genus, Patinoa, is described in the family Bombacaceae. Having the staminal structure of Matisia, it is characterized by its entire leaves, a tubular calyx, a 5-celled ovary with pluriovular cavities, linear acute stigmas and large baccate fruits with coriaceous epicarp and large seeds covered with thick lanate tomentum. It is represented by two species. The type of the genus, P. almirajo, which is here and there cultivated as a fruit tree (local name «Almirajô»), in the rain forest region of Choco in Colombia, has elongate-ovoid fruits like those of some Theobromas, containing an edible pulp that is a delicacy. The other species, from the State of Amazonas in Brasil, has round fruits ; its local name is « Cupu », and it is described as P. sphaerocarpa.

British Food Journal Volume 43 Issue 12 1941

British Food Journal Volume 43 Issue 12 1941

Notes on A Dictionary of American English, Parts I-VI

THE EDITORS of the Dictionary of American English have collected so many novel and interesting words from various sources that I hesitate to suggest any additions to the marvelous store which they have provided. Perhaps they might have found room for the following: BASHFUL WAKE-ROBIN; also called Rosy Wake-robin (Trillium stylosum Nutt). A perennial herb growing in the woods from Georgia to Alabama and North Carolina as well as in the woods of the Piedmont region and adjacent areas. CHARA (NL.; cf. Lat. chara). A plant belonging to the family Characeae; also called featherbeds, stonewort, and horse watertail. It is remarkable as a producer of food for young fishes.1 CHERIMOYA, CHIRIMOYA, CHIRIMOYER. A small tree (Anona cherimolia Mill), a native of Peru; also the fruit of this tree. The name came into English from eighteenth-century Spanish chirimoya, the designation of the fruit. Though Middendorf does not record the Kechuan source, Lenz suggests that Sp. chirimoya is an adaptation of Kechuan chiri, 'cold,' and muyu, 'wheel,' 'circle'-literally 'cold, round fruit.'2 I have not been able to find Kechuan chirimoya, a form given in Webster (2nd). Cherimoya is used in Florida, especially in the southern part of the State.

THE RELATION OF THE FIRST CHROMOSOME PAIR TO DATE OF FRUIT RIPENING IN THE TOMATO (LYCOPERSICUM ESCULENTUM)

HE linear order of four genes in chromosome I of the tomato has T been well established, principally from data obtained by LINDSTROM (1932) and MCARTHUR (1934). LESLEY (1931) has shown one of the genes in this linkage group to be related to resistance to the curly top virus disease, and LINDSTROM (1932) has demonstrated a decided relationship between fruit size and the genes in this pair of chromosomes. YEAGER (1937) has data that demonstrate the presence of a fifth gene in the group and considers this to be a major gene for fruit shape and size. The four genes that have been located by linkage tests and their arrangement are as follows : d dwarf plant recessive to D, standard plant p pubescence on the fruit recessive to P, smooth fruit o pear shape fruit recessive to 0, round fruit s compound inflorescence recessive to S, simple inflorescence