Rotating Disk Sorptive Extraction Research Articles

Developing Green Sorbents Derived from Natural Materials for Microextraction and Determination of Emerging Contaminants

Developing Green Sorbents Derived from Natural Materials for Microextraction and Determination of Emerging Contaminants

Cork-Activated Carbon as a Sorptive Phase for Microextraction of Emerging Contaminants in Water Samples

A novel strategy for microextraction of emerging contaminants was developed by using cork activated carbon (CAC) as the sorbent phase. Carbonization of the natural phase increased the surface area and the porosity of the material, thus improving the extraction efficiency. Moderately polar compounds, such as ibuprofen and its metabolites, were used as model analytes in water samples. Rotating disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) together with gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry (GC‒MS) were used for extraction and determination of the analytes, respectively. The optimum conditions for the material synthesis were 600 °C, K2CO3 as the activating agent and a mass ratio of 0.8:1 (activating agent:raw material). The optimum values for the RDSE were pH 2, a sample volume of 25 mL and an extraction time of 90 min. The absolute recovery rates for ibuprofen and its metabolites ranged from 19 to 55%, and the relative standard deviations were between 3 and 13%. The proposed method was used to measure the analytes in the influent and effluent from a wastewater treatment plant in Santiago, Chile. The concentrations found for ibuprofen and its metabolites were 0.98–9.8 µg L-1 and 0.8–8.6 µg L-1 in the influent and effluent, respectively. Activation of the cork material enabled the synthesis of a sorbent phase with sorption efficiencies similar to those obtained with the commercial octadecylsilane (C18) phase and superior to that observed for styrene-divinylbenzene (S-DVB). This process is simple and cost-effective.

Activated carbon from avocado seed as sorbent phase for microextraction technologies: activation, characterization, and analytical performance.

According to green analytical chemistry principles, the use of agricultural byproducts as sorbent phases is an interesting topic due to their lignocellulosic origin, as they are biodegradable and inexpensive. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which avocado seed and avocado seed activated carbon are proposed as sustainable sorbents for solid-phase microextraction technologies, which were used to assess the proof of concept. Rotating disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) was used as a model technology and ibuprofen (Ibu) and 1-hydroxy-ibuprofen (1-OH-Ibu) as representative analytes. It was found that activated carbon (AC) prepared at 600°C with an impregnation ratio (raw material/activating agent (ZnCl2), w/w) of 1:1.2 had better extraction efficiency than other ACs obtained at different temperatures, impregnation ratios, and activating agents (K2CO3). Characterization revealed several differences between natural avocado seed, biochar prepared at 600°C, and selected AC since the typical functional groups of the natural starting material begin to disappear with pyrolysis and increasing the surface area and pore volume, suggesting that the main interactions between analytes and the sorbent material are pore filling and π-π stacking. By using this AC as the sorbent phase, the optimal extraction conditions in RDSE were as follows: the use of 50mg of sorbent in the disk, 30mL of sample volume, pH 4, 90min of extraction time at a rotation velocity of the disk of 2000rpm, and methanol as the elution solvent. The extracts were analyzed via gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The method provided limits of detection of 0.23 and 0.07µg L-1 and recoveries of 81% and 91% for Ibu and 1-OH-Ibu, respectively. When comparing the extraction efficiency of the selected activated carbon with those provided by Oasis® HLB and C18 in RDSE, nonsignificant differences were observed, indicating that avocado seed activated carbon is a suitable alternative to these commercial materials.

Peanut shell-derived activated biochar as a convenient, low-cost, ecofriendly and efficient sorbent in rotating disk sorptive extraction of emerging contaminants from environmental water samples

Peanut shell-derived activated biochar as a convenient, low-cost, ecofriendly and efficient sorbent in rotating disk sorptive extraction of emerging contaminants from environmental water samples

A thin biofilm of chitosan as a sorptive phase in the rotating disk sorptive extraction of triclosan and methyl triclosan from water samples

The features and nature of the sorptive phase may be the stage that determines the scope of microextraction techniques. In search of new alternatives, materials of natural origin have recently been explored to establish greener analytical strategies. Based on that search, this research proposes the use of chitosan as a sorptive phase, which was assessed in the rotating disk sorptive extraction of emerging contaminants from aqueous systems. Chitosan is a biopolymer of animal origin that is usually found in the shells of crustaceans. The main characteristic of this material is the presence of a high number of nitrogenous groups, which gives it high reactivity, but its main disadvantage is associated with its high swelling capacity.In this research, chitosan was crosslinked with a low concentration of glutaraldehyde to form thin films that were easily immobilized on the surface of the rotating disk. The main advantage of this modification is the considerable decrease in the swelling capacity, which prevents loss and rupture of the sorbent during high rotation of the disk. In addition, it not only improved the physical characteristics of chitosan but also increased its extraction capacity. With regard to its use as a sorptive phase, all the variables associated with the microextraction of the analytes were studied, and optimal variables were found to be: pH 4, 20% NaCl (salting out effect), 30–45 min as equilibrium time and elution of analytes with a mixture of methanol:ethyl acetate (1:1).Validation of the methodology for the determination of methyl triclosan and triclosan was carried out, and relative recoveries between 89 and 96% and relative standard deviations less than 14% were found. The detection limits were 0.11 and 0.20 μg L−1, respectively. Through its application in real samples (natural and residual waters), triclosan was quantified between 0.7 and 1.3 μg L−1. Finally, the “green” properties of the phase were evaluated, demonstrating that it is reusable for at least three cycles and biodegradable. Compared to its efficiency with a commercial phase (in this case, the styrene divinyl benzene phase), the proposed biosorbent provided a similar and even higher sorptive capacity (depending on the analyte).

Integration of rotating disk sorptive extraction and dispersive-solid phase extraction for the determination of estrogens and their metabolites in urine by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry

The matrix of certain complex samples represents a great challenge in microextraction technology due to its ability to interfere with some step of the sample preparation procedure or in the detection itself. Normally, a suppression of the analytical signal occurs by the presence of certain components of the matrix, which tend to be coextracted with the analytes under study. Urine represents one of these complex matrices. The yellow coloration of urine comes from a main pigment known as urobilin, which can persist in all final extracts after sample treatment and has been correlated with the impossibility of correctly measuring the analytes. In the present study, we propose the determination of estrogens and their hydroxylated metabolites in urine by integration of a dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE) to eliminate the matrix effect with the rotating disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) of the analytes, prior to their determination by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.The proposed dispersive phase was primary-secondary amine (PSA), which, due to its physicochemical characteristics, allows the extraction of polar compounds (such as urobilin). Estrogens and their hydroxylated metabolites, being molecules of lower polarity, were demonstrated not to be removed by PSA and were extracted only by the styrene–divinylbenzene phase supported in the rotating disk. The amount of dispersive phase was optimized, finding that 300 mg is the best analytical response for 2 mL of urine sample. The equilibrium time for the extraction of the analytes was 60 min.Matrix-matched calibration was used for quantification, obtaining correlation coefficients greater than 0.99, limits of detection and quantification between 0.10 and 0.13 and 0.3–0.5 µg/L, respectively, and recoveries between 72 and 130 % with precision, expressed as relative standard deviation, between 8 and 17 %. The matrix effect was reduced significantly between −24 and −48 % (without the use of d-SPE, most of the analytes were not detected). In addition, the proposed method was applied to the determination of the analytes in real urine samples of different persons. Finally, through enzymatic hydrolysis, it was possible to quantify estrogens and their hydroxylated metabolites in urine samples, both in their total form and in their naturally conjugated form.

Rotating sorptive extraction (RSE) as a green approach for determining pesticides from fruit and vegetable wash-water using GC–MS

In this work, a simplified device based on rotating disk sorptive extraction is described for the first time and denominated rotating sorptive extraction (RSE). Cork disks fitted with magnetic bars were applied for the extraction of 5 pesticides (carbofuran, molinate, trifluralin, atrazine and tebuconazole) in fruit and vegetable wash-water samples obtained from lettuce, apple, banana, orange, and mango washes. The proposed method was optimized using multivariate procedures. Ethyl acetate was used as desorption solvent, as indicated by a simplex-lattice design. Time and volume of desorption were 30 min and 1 mL, respectively. The optimum extraction conditions were 35 min of extraction using 30% of salt. Under these conditions, the LOD obtained for the analytes was 0.95 µg L−1, except for carbofuran, which was 1.89 µg L−1; coefficients of determination ranged from 0.990 to 0.998. Relative recoveries in these samples varied from 84.4% to 135.8%, and relative standard deviation from 1.0 to 23.6%. The device is simple, easily obtainable and made of discarded biomaterial. The method was applied for the extraction of real samples and tebuconazole was found in lettuce and apple wash-water, at a concentration of 27.26 and 2.42 μg L−1, respectively.

Green method to determine triazine pesticides in water using Rotating Disk Sorptive Extraction (RDSE)

The following work presents the development of the solid phase extraction technique with rotary disk (RDSE) in which the analysis for seven triazines in surface waters was first implemented. All the variables involved in extraction have been studied and optimized using a solid phase of octadecyl (C18) deposited on surface of the disk. Triazines were analyzed quantitatively by gas chromatography with simple quadruple mass detector, recoveries obtained for seven triazines were between 80% and 120%, accuracy expressed as RSD was between 3.21% and 6.34%, and detection limit of the method was between 0.020-0.056 μgL-1 according to each analyte, which indicates a good reproducibility and precision of the method. Finally, the method was applied to analyze the objective compounds in water samples obtained in the Bolo River (Palmira-Colombia), in which triazines were not detected.

The inventor of the Rotating-Disk Sorptive Extraction technique kindly spoke to BrJAC

For me, being the Director of CENMA was a very important challenge because it involved setting up and then running a very complete analytical lab in all areas of the environment and with the best equipment in the country, together with a team of carefully selected young chemists from the country.

FIRST- DERIVATIVE SPECTROFLUORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ENROFLOXACIN AND CIPROFLOXACIN IN COW MILK USING ROTATING SORPTIVE EXTRACTION

A derivative spectrofluorimetric method for simultaneous determination of enrofloxacin (EFX) and ciprofloxacin (CFX) in cow milk was developed. The sample preparation was based on rotating disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) using Oasis HLB® as extraction phase and followed by desorption of the analytes with methanol. The final extracts were evaluated by derivative spectrofluorimetry. An analyte-free cow milk was used as blank sample which was spiked with a known amount of analytes for the study of variables. The sample was treated with trichloroacetic acid in order to precipitate proteins. Furthermore, the extraction was carried out in the presence of Mc Ilvaine-EDTA 0.3M buffer to avoid any type of interference from the calcium ion. The variables involved in the RDSE process were pH and extraction time. Spectral variables were also optimized and analytical signals were evaluated at 417nm and 438nm for EFX and CFX, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 2.98 - 9.04 µg · L-1 and 2.56 - 7.75 µg · L-1, for EFX and CFX respectively. The precision levels, expressed as relative standard deviation, for EFX and CFX were 3.2% and 3.0%, respectively. The recoveries were between 98.8% to 100.5%. Commercial milks were analyzed and both antibiotics shown concentrations below to LOD in the batches analyzed. Finally, the proposed method offers advantages in terms of simplicity, efficiency and cost. Besides being friendly with the environment.

Determination of veterinary antibiotics in cow milk using rotating-disk sorptive extraction and liquid chromatography

A novel application of rotating disk sorptive extraction (RDSE), using a styrene-divinylbenzene (S-DVB) sorbent for the extraction of antibiotic residues in milk was developed. The analytes studied were oxytetracycline and its 4-epimer, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfadoxine and trimethoprim. After RDSE, the analytes were determined by performing both high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraspray-electrospray-time of flight-mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOF/MS).By using HPLC-DAD, the absolute recoveries were between 85.5% and 106.4% with relative standard deviations between 3.7% and 9.9%. The obtained limits of quantification (LOQs) were lower than the respective maximum residue levels (MRLs) reported for each analyte, demonstrating that the methodology was applicable for residue depletion studies. UPLC-TOF/MS showed absolute recoveries from 88.5% to 114.1%, with RSDs between 4.3% and 15.4%. The LOQs obtained using UPLC-TOF/MS were also lower than the MRLs for each respective analyte.Compared with other analytical methods previously reported for some of the analytes, the present method is simpler and less expensive and utilizes green chemistry, all while providing comparable figures of merit.

A rotating disk sorptive extraction based on hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent formation

An elegant preconcentration method assumed sorption of polar analytes from complex non-polar matrices on a rotating disk based on hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent formation is presented for the first time. The surface of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-tetrafluoroethylene) rotating disk was coated with choline chloride acted as a precursor of deep eutectic solvent (hydrogen bond acceptor). The rotating disk was immersed in vegetable oil sample and phenolic compounds (hydrogen bond donors) were efficient separated on the disk during its rotation due to deep eutectic solvent formation. Ability of hydrophilic deep eutectic solvent decomposition in aqueous phase was used for fast analytes elution from the disk surface (2 min). Finally, the obtained aqueous solution of phenolic compounds and choline chloride was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Under optimal conditions, the limits of detection for gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, tyrosol, vanillic acid, p-coumarinic acid, syringaldehyde and thymol were in the range of 10–60 μg L−1. The developed approach allowed to significantly reduce sorption and elution time in comparison with previously reported rotating disk sorptive extraction approaches. The extraction mechanism based on deep eutectic solvent formation provided selective separation of target analytes with absolute extraction recovery in the range of 66–87%.

Rotating-disk sorptive extraction for the determination of sex hormones and triclosan in urine by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Clean-up integrated steps and improved derivatization

Different clean-up stages were coupled to rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) of testosterone, progesterone, 17β-estradiol and triclosan in urine samples prior to derivatization and detection by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). By using Oasis® HLB as the sorptive phase, extraction equilibrium was reached after 60 min at a disk rotation velocity of 2000 rpm.The factors involved in sample preparation of the urine were comprehensively studied and implemented to minimize matrix effects that were mainly produced by polar pigments in the urine. A 10-fold dilution of the sample was necessary prior to RDSE, followed by a washing step of the sorptive phase with 10% (v/v) methanolic solution and final selective desorption of the analytes with ethyl acetate. Derivatization of the analytes was also studied in detail and implemented prior to GC–MS. The reaction was optimized in terms of derivatizing agent consumption, time and temperature, achieving significant improvements in these factors.Under the optimized conditions, the matrix effects decreased almost five-fold for all analytes, and the relative recoveries were between 89 and 111% with detection limits in the range of 0.004–0.54 ng mL−1, whereas the precision, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD), was below 14%.Analytes were determined in real samples in the presence and absence of enzymatic hydrolysis, assessing both their free and total forms. The free triclosan concentration was only 10% of the total concentration found in the same sample after hydrolysis. Estradiol and testosterone were quantified with high sensitivity at concentrations between 0.11 and 10.45 and 0.20–21.23 ng mL−1, respectively. Progesterone was only quantified in a urine sample from a woman during pregnancy.

Exploiting agarose gel modified with glucose-fructose syrup as a green sorbent in rotating-disk sorptive extraction technique for the determination of trace malondialdehyde in biological and food samples

This research reports for the first time on the application of agarose gel impregnated with high fructose corn syrup (AG/HFCS) as a biodegradable and eco-friendly extraction phase in rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE). The gel disk is driven by a rotary rod attached to an electric stirrer during extraction. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was chosen as a model analyte, and was extracted from biological and food samples using the proposed technique after derivatization with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA). Due to the hydrophilic nature of the sorbent phase, MDA was concentrated efficiently. After extraction, MDA was quantified directly in the gel disk by solid phase visible spectrophotometry and smartphone-based Red-Green-Blue (RGB) detection. The procedure used no organic solvents, showed clear advantages in terms of simplicity and short analysis time (5 min), and showed potential as a green analytical method. The extraction procedure was studied and optimized to maximize the partition of MDA into the gel. Under optimized conditions, the method provided linear dynamic ranges of 5.5–1000 ng mL−1 for biological samples and 62.5–12500 ng g−1 for food samples with correlation coefficients (R2) higher than 0.9975, relative recoveries between 88.3 and 103.3% along with relative standard deviation (RSD) values less than 3.5%. Accordingly, the proposed method can be employed by analytical laboratories for the rapid determination of MDA in complex matrix of body fluids and food samples under the principles of green chemistry.

Rapid Determination of Parabens in Water Samples by Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry.

An analytical methodology has been developed and validated for the purpose of identifying and quantifying four parabens (methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben and n-butylparaben) in water samples. The combination of rotating disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) technology with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC), along with electrospray ionization source (ESI) and time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF/MS) in trap mode, allowed for eliminating derivatization processes and a reduction of the chromatographic time required, achieving a greener analytical method. In this method, detection limits and precision (%RSD) were lower than 0.018 μg L-1 and lower than 9.7% for all the parabens, respectively, being better than similar works. Matrix effect and absolute recoveries were studied in tap and sewage water samples to observe suppressions of the signals for all analytes, and absolute recoveries were around 60%. This methodology was applied to the analysis of two sewage samples (punctual and composite) obtained from locations in Santiago, Chile.

A high throughput approach to rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) using laminar cork for the simultaneous determination of multiclass organic micro-pollutants in aqueous sample by GC-MS

In this study, a high throughput approach to rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) using laminar cork as extraction phase is demonstrated for the first time in the determination of 20 multiclass organic micro-pollutants including pesticides, PAHs and UV filters compounds from aqueous samples with gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The influencing parameters (desorption solvent, volume and time, extraction time and sample pH and ionic strength) were carefully optimized using multivariate designs. The optimal conditions were 10 min for extraction using 35 mL of water samples and a liquid desorption using 1 mL of MeOH:AcOEt (50:50% v/v) for 20 min. A low-cost apparatus that allows six extractions simultaneously, providing a high throughput of 5 min per sample turnaround times, considering the sample preparation step was used for the first time in this modified RDSE methodology. Satisfactory analytical performance was achieved with limits of detection (LOD) between 0.08 and 1.5 μg L−1 and limits of quantification (LOQ) between 0.3 and 4.8 μg L−1. The relative recoveries for the analytes were determined using river and lake water samples spiked at different concentrations and ranging from 80% to 119% for all analytes, with relative standard deviations (RSD) lower than 20%. The extraction efficiency obtained for the proposed configuration with laminar cork was significantly superior to powdered cork, demonstrating an interesting new configuration for new applications.

Cork sheet as a sorptive phase to extract hormones from water by rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE)

This work reports for the first time the use of laminar cork as a sorptive phase in a microextraction technique, rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE). Typical hormones (estrone, estradiol, estriol and ethinyl estradiol) were selected as analyte models and extracted from wastewater samples on laminar cork with statistically equivalent extraction efficiency to that provided by Oasis HLB. The cork characterization was performed by confocal fluorescence microscopy (CLSM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), allowing the identification of lignin, suberin and polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose) as the main components of the cork. The best conditions for extraction were as follows: rotation velocity of the disk, 2000 rpm; extraction time, 45 min; and sample volume, 20 mL. The analytical features of the developed method show that calibration curves for all analytes have R2 values higher than 0.99. The absolute recoveries were higher than 63%, and the precision, expressed as relative standard deviation, ranged from 2 to 16%. The LOD and LOQ ranges were 3–19 and 10–62 ng L−1, respectively. The proposed method was applied to the analysis of wastewater, and the concentrations of hormones in a wastewater treatment plant in Santiago, Chile, ranged from <LOQ to 48 ng L−1.

Preparation of Methacrylate-based Polymers Modified with Chiral Resorcinarenes and Their Evaluation as Sorbents in Norepinephrine Microextraction.

Aminomethylation reactions between chiral amino compounds (S)-(-)-1-phenylethylamine and l-proline with tetranonylresorcinarene and tetra-(4-hydroxyphenyl)resorcinarene in presence of formaldehyde were studied. The reaction between l-proline and resorcinarenes generated regioselectively chiral tetra-Mannich bases, due to the molecular incorporation of the fragment of the chiral amino acid. On the other hand, tetranonylresorcinarene and (S)-(-)-1-phenylethylamine formed regio- and diasteroselectively chiral tetrabenzoxazines, both by chiral auxiliary functionalization and by the transformation of the molecular structure that confers inherent chirality. The products obtained were characterized using IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, COSY, HMQC, and HMBC techniques. The reaction of (S)-(-)-1-phenylethylamine with tetra-(4-hydroxyphenyl)resorcinarene did not proceed under the experimental conditions. Once the chiral aminomethylated tetra-(4-hydroxyphenyl)resorcinarene was obtained, the chemical modification of poly(GMA–co–EDMA) was studied, and the results showed an efficient incorporation of the aminomethylated compound. For the physical modification, chiral aminomethylated tetranonylresorcinarenes were employed, finding that the incorporation of modified resorcinarenes occurs, but with less efficiency than that observed using chemical modification. The modified polymers were characterized via FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy imaging, and elemental analysis. Finally, polymers modified with chiral resorcinarenes were used as sorbents in norepinephrine microextraction; for practical purposes, artificial urine was prepared and used. To perform the microextraction, the decision was made to use the modern rotating-disk sorptive extraction technique (RDSE), because of its analytical attributes as a green, or eco-friendly, technique. According to the results, the method preliminarily validated for the determination of norepinephrine in artificial urine shows that the modified polymer with chiral derivative of tetra-(4-hydroxyphenyl)resorcinarene worked effectively as a new sorbent phase for the quantitative microextraction of norepinephrine, exhibiting high stability and homogeneity of composition and structure within the working range.

Simultaneous determination of multiresidue and multiclass emerging contaminants in waters by rotating-disk sorptive extraction–derivatization-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

An efficient method has been developed for the multiresidue and multiclass determination of 16 emerging contaminants (parabens, hormones, anti-inflammatory drugs, triclosan and bisphenol A) in water samples using rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Silylation of the compounds prior to GC-MS analysis was optimized using a factorial experimental design; the optimal derivatization conditions to maximize the response of the set of analytes included 70 μL of N-methyl-N-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide at 80 °C for 35 min. RDSE was implemented using Oasis® HLB as a sorptive phase and an extraction time of 60 min.The method was applied to Chilean environmental samples. In tap water, none of the analytes under study were detected. In the river and well waters, the concentrations of the four detected contaminants were below 0.38 μg L−1. In the effluent and influent of the wastewater treatment plant, the maximum concentrations of contaminants were 3.1 and 4.2 μg L−1, respectively.The proposed analytical strategy suggests clear improvements with respect to other methods reported in the literature, considering not only the different steps involved in the analytical process (extraction, derivatization and chromatography) but also taking into account that this method involves the determination of different families of analytes with different physicochemical and structural properties.

Direct photoimmobilization of extraction disks on “green state” 3D printed devices

Post-curing is essential to improve the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts fabricated by stereolithography (SLA), since right after 3D printing they remain in a “green state”. It means that the 3D printed parts have reached their final shape, but the polymerization reaction has not been yet completed. Herein, we take advantage of the tacky partially polymerized surface of “green state” SLA 3D printed parts to immobilize extraction disks and miniature magnets, which after UV post-curing, become permanently attached to the 3D printed part resulting in a rotating-disk sorptive extraction device (RDSE). The developed “stick & cure” procedure is reagent-free and does not require any additional preparation time, specialized skills, or instrumentation. As proof of concept, 3D printed RDSE devices with immobilized chelating disks have been applied to the simultaneous extraction of 14 trace metals prior to ICP-OES determination, featuring LODs between 0.03 and 1.27 μg L−1, and an excellent device-to-device reproducibility (n = 5, RSD = 2.7–8.3%). The developed method was validated using certified wastewater and soil reference samples, and satisfactory spiking recoveries were obtained in the analysis of highly polluted solid waste treatment plant leachates (89–110%). In addition, exploiting the versatility of 3D printing, nine RDSE devices with different shapes were fabricated. Their performance was evaluated and compared for the fast extraction of the highly toxic Cr (VI) as its 1,5-diphenylcarbazide complex in reversed-phase mode, showing different extraction performance on depending on the shape of the 3D printed RDSE device.