ROSE Project Research Articles

Heating Up in Icy Waters

It was an area once thought to be the last untapped jewel in the hunt for hydrocarbons in the Great White North—a frontier of equal parts promise and peril. The lure of massive oil deposits lurking miles below its icy waters had operators taking a hard look at offshore Eastern Canada as far back as the late 1960s; however initial production from the area—Cohasset-Panuke off Nova Scotia—did not begin until 1992. Logistical challenges related to the remote area and the lack of existing infrastructure made bringing on new production in the region an expensive proposition. The discovered fields would need to be sizable to warrant the required investment. After decades of fits and starts, offshore Eastern Canada has yielded just a handful of major developments, with the best of those facing their own sets of challenges. Newfoundland and Labrador’s Terra Nova, the first development in North America to use floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) technology in a harsh-weather environment featuring sea ice and icebergs, came on line in 2002, but has been suspended for the past 3 years due to issues with the vessel. White Rose, another FPSO-based development, came on stream in late 2005 via subsea wells tied back to the SeaRose vessel. After successful completion of one expansion project in the 2010s, a further expansion—West White Rose—was planned but halted in 2020 due to unfavorable oil markets caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The project envisaged a wellhead platform supported by a concrete gravity structure (CGS) and topsides. The platform will produce back to the SeaRose FPSO. Cenovus approved the restart of the project in May 2022. The West White Rose project is expected to increase the production life of the field by 14 years. Newfoundland and Labrador’s landmark oil production platform Hibernia became the first to produce oil in the province just over 25 years ago. As of August 2022, the project has produced more than 1.2 billion bbl of oil from the field, with almost 580 million bbl remaining proven and possible reserves. The region’s newest producer is the ExxonMobil-operated Hebron. First oil from the field was produced in November 2017—37 years after the field’s discovery by former operator Chevron. Plans to develop the field were shelved in the early 2000s only to be revived later in the decade. As a result of production interruptions and project delays, overall production trends in the region have been on the decline since the end of 2019 (Fig. 1). Off Nova Scotia, both ExxonMobil’s Sable Offshore Energy Project and Ovintiv’s (formerly Encana) Deep Panuke produced commercially for a combined 24 years (19 and 5, respectively) before each was abandoned and decommissioned in 2018. However, the outlook for offshore Eastern Canada today is somewhat brighter.

The Maps with X-Ray Eyes: The Sanborn Collection

ABSTRACT: The Sanborn Map Company, established in 1867, was famous for publishing highly detailed maps of the urban areas of the United States. These maps, using data collected by an army of fieldworkers and surveyors, were used by insurance underwriters to remotely assess the risk of potential clients and were bound into regularly updated volumes for each major city in the United States. However, by March 1972, Sanborn began to close shop, disposing of most of their internal archives apart from the most recently updated volumes. Recognizing the inherent value of the volumes to the field of geography, faculty from the Department of Geography at California State University, Northridge, undertook an expedition to Sanborn's San Francisco office to recover as many volumes as possible. Over the years, the recovered volumes have moved from room to room until finally finding a home in a climate-controlled office in Sierra Hall, on the CSUN campus. Our article highlights three very different endeavors using the Sanborn maps, in an effort to illustrate the value of the CSUN collection to scholarly and artistic projects: Dr. Ron Davidson's exploration of historical change in a small corner of downtown Los Angeles; Dr. Jim Craine's attempt to uncover the "real" 77 Sunset Strip, and Los Angeles-based artist Debra Scacco's Compass Rose Project , an ongoing installation using Sanborn pages as a metaphor for American history.

Os jovens brasileiros e a sua preferência pela disciplina Ciências

O projeto ROSE (The Relevance of Science Education) busca compreender dados atitudinais e emocionais de jovens acerca da Ciência e Tecnologia a partir de dados coletados em um questionário já aplicado em mais de 40 países. Os resultados do ROSE-Brasil mostraram que os jovens apresentam um alto interesse pela disciplina ciências, mas que gostam mais de outras disciplinas. Este artigo tenta compreender como os jovens brasileiros se comportam frente à essa divergência ao redor do interesse e da preferência pela disciplina de ciências. Para alcançar nosso objetivo utilizamos os dados brutos da amostra ROSE-Brasil 2011, e nos valeremos de métodos de análises estatísticas. Os jovens brasileiros dividem-se em quatro grupos: Prioridade não específica (3,98%), esse grupo não tem interesse pelas aulas de ciências, mas prefere a disciplina a outras; Baixa prioridade (20,26%), não possuem nem interesse, nem preferência pela disciplina ciências; Prioridade específica (30,6%) possuem interesse e preferem a disciplina ciências a outras; Outras prioridades (45,14%) grupo mais expressivo encontram-se os jovens que têm interesse mas não preferem a disciplina ciências. Desses grupos três são mais representativos da realidade dos jovens brasileiros, tornando relevante investigar as diferenças entre os interesses e hábitos ligados à ciência e tecnologia dos jovens de cada grupo para subsidiar a criação de estratégias que tornem o ensino de ciências mais atrativo.

Road Restraint Systems as a Basis for Roadside Safety Improvement

Roadside-related crashes occur when vehicles run off the road. The majority of the crashes have severe outcomes, especially when an object is hit (tree, pole, supports, front wall of a culvert, barrier). These accidents represent app. 19% of all of Poland’s road deaths. Roadside crashes involve: hitting a tree, hitting a barrier, hitting a sign or utility pole, vehicle roll-over on the roadside, vehicle roll-over on a slope and vehicle roll-over into a ditch. Understanding the effects of roadside factors on road safety requires in-depth research. The problem was partly addressed at the WMCAUS conference in 2017 [1]. Key to understanding the needs and tools of road infrastructure management for preventing run-off-road crashes or minimising their consequences is to identify the hazards and sources of hazards caused by wrong or improper use of road safety devices. It is also important to identify errors in the design, structure, construction and operation of road safety devices. Studying such an extended scope of the problem required fieldwork. Site tests had to be conducted such as hitting a wire rope barrier and a steel barrier on curve (test TB32), light and heavy vehicles hitting a bridge parapet (tests TB11 and TB51), hitting a transition between a steel and wire rope barrier (TB32) and crashes into a lighting column placed within the barrier’s working width. In addition, the project includes numerical tests validated on the basis of site tests. This helps to assess the behaviour of road restraint systems when selected parameters are changed. The work is part of the RID Programme (Development of Road Innovation) and the RoSE project (Road Safety Equipment). In the article the authors present the effects of building a road restraint system database for a selected test site (about 3,000 km of Poland’s national roads). An outline of new road restraint system guidelines could only be developed after understanding the effects of restraint systems, the design, additional elements, type of road and safety barrier location on a road or engineering structure and the road and traffic conditions on their functionality and safety. The paper will present the preliminary results of this research. Once complete, the research will offer tools to help with the implementation of road restraint systems. The tools will ensure that road infrastructure is safer and that the most common mistakes are eliminated.

Sub-surface Risk Assessment for the Endurance CO2 Store of the White Rose Project, UK

Between September 2013 and November 2015 Capture Power Limited and National Grid Carbon Limited, undertook a Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) study for the White Rose Carbon Capture and Storage Project. The project planned to construct an oxy-fuel power plant at Drax, Yorkshire, England, and transport high-purity CO2 produced by the plant via a c.135 km long pipeline to a location c.75 km offshore from eastern England. There, it was planned to inject the CO2 into an underground “saline aquifer” storage reservoir, the Endurance CO2 Store. A thorough risk assessment provided confidence that the store would contain CO2 permanently.

Case study on the three-dimensional structure of meso-scale eddy in the South China Sea based on a high-resolution model

Meso-scale eddies are important features in the South China Sea (SCS). The eddies with diameters of 50–200 km can greatly impact the transport of heat, momentum, and tracers. A high-resolution wave-tide-circulation coupled model was developed to simulate the meso-scale eddy in the SCS in this study. The aim of this study is to examine the model ability to simulate the meso-scale eddy in the SCS without data assimilations The simulated Sea Surface Height (SSH) anomalies agree with the observed the AVISO SSH anomalies well. The simulated subsurface temperature profiles agree with the CTD observation data from the ROSE (Responses of Marine Hazards to climate change in the Western Pacific) project. The simulated upper-ocean currents also agree with the main circulation based on observations. A warm eddy is identified in winter in the northern SCS. The position and domain of the simulated eddy are confirmed by the observed sea surface height data from the AVISO. The result shows that the model has the ability to simulate the meso-scale eddy in the SCS without data assimilation. The three-dimensional structure of the meso-scale eddy in the SCS is analyzed using the model result. It is found that the eddy center is tilted vertically, which agrees with the observation. It is also found that the velocity center of the eddy does not coincide with the temperature center of the eddy. The result shows that the model has the ability to simulate the meso-scale eddy in the SCS without data assimilations. Further study on the forming mechanism and the three-dimensional structure of the meso-scale eddies will be carried out using the model result and cruise observation data in the near future.

Triptych

Triptych Deena Larsen (bio), Stace Johnson (bio), and Robert Lavett Smith (bio) Fickle Weather From a plane above the Colorado plains. Burlington, Colorado . Robert Lavett Smith Prognosis Musings along a winter pond, Denver, Colorado . Deena Larsen Inside Job Watching the switchyard behind the gaslight theater, Durango, Colorado . Stace Johnson [End Page 95] Deena Larsen Deena Larsen’s has now admitted her powerlessness over her addiction to hypertext, stretching codes and language to beyond their breaking points, with over thirty electronic works at http://www.deenalarsen.net. Her new project, the Rose Project, uses a coded language that ascribes new meanings to letters and thus creates a symphony of underlying shades of connotations. Stace Johnson Stace Johnson is a Colorado writer, musician, and IT guy. He has published poetry in Tales of the Talisman and won an Apex Book Company promotional poetry contest in 2013. His non-fiction articles have appeared in Rocky Mountain TechLine and ComputorEdge magazines. For more information, please visit www.lytspeedconsulting.com. Robert Lavett Smith Raised in New Jersey, Robert Lavett Smith has lived since 1987 in San Francisco, where for the past sixteen years he has worked as a Special Education Paraprofessional. He has studied with Charles Simic and the late Galway Kinnell. He is the author of several chapbooks and three full-length poetry collections. Copyright © 2016 University of Wisconsin Board of Regents

Prayerful Dispossession and the Grammar of Thinking Theologically: Sarah Coakley and Gillian Rose

AbstractGillian Rose's re-thinking of Hegel in the wake of twentieth century ‘right’ and ‘left’ wing Hegelianisms has offered occasion for a recovery of Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit as more than simply the narration of the way consciousness absorbs its objects, as textbook accounts often suggest. Rose's suggestion is that Hegel offers a program of radical criticism that destabilises the modern ego in speculative thought itself. Sarah Coakley's recent first volume, of a proposed four, of her systematic theology triangulating Trinity, prayer and dispossessive spiritual practices provides a fruitful dialogue partner for Rose's project in that Coakley offers a mode of thinking about prayer deeply attentive to the shape of spiritual discipline and it's relation to theological grammar. This paper contests that it is precisely in the non-objectivity of divine being, as thought by Rose and Coakley, that we find resources for conceptualising thinking itself as a dispossessive spiritual act. The theological and the spiritual (theory and praxis) cannot, therefore, be partitioned out without violence being done to the act of thinking itself.

PURE AND APPLIED, MORAL AND PRAGMATIC: THE PROPER WAY TO IMPROVE SCIENCE EDUCATION

In recent years many researchers (ROSE Project in particular) have stated the Science has become one of unpopular areas of knowledge. Most students and graduates are not going to link their fates with the Science and Technology. As the result, we are facing the decline of University Science and Technology Education, as only few talented students choose Science as their priority area of their interest and even less of them decide to teach the Science in school and University. In view of the fact that the image of Science emerged at the intersection of interests and perceptions of the general public and scientists, it is important to understand the role of academia in shaping their own public image. What kind of self-image do we (scientists and educators) promote? Which kind of audience do we reach out? How do we interact with this audience?

THE MEANING OF AND NEED FOR “INQUIRY BASED SCIENCE EDUCATION (IBSE)”

It is clear from many studies that European students’ interest in science, mathematics and technology has been declining while their grade levels have increased. Another alarming issue for Europe is recruitment of students for science and technology related careers. According to the ROSE Project results, extremely few girls wish to become scientists, and even for boys the percentage is low. And in Europe, around 50% of boys gave a positive response to the question: “I would like to get a job in technology”, but very few girls indicated that they would like to pursue such a career option (Sjoberg and Schreiner, 2010). These kinds of results from project reports highlight the urgent need for more effective action on the teaching and learning of science in schools.

Comments on Keith Muckelroy: Methods, Ideas and Maritime Archaeology

I would guess that in most taught courses on maritime archaeology, whether introductory or advanced, Keith Muckelroy’s ‘Maritime Archaeology’ retains its place in the reading list because it still has something to say in the context of the subject’s development, its current concerns and directions. It isn’t surprising therefore that his theoretical approach, his work and his vision of what maritime archaeology should be, are still of interest. Although Matthew Harpster’s article considers Muckelroy’s output as a whole it is inevitable that this book is the principal focus. Yet I doubt that it would still be such a key text if Keith were alive today, for the simple reason that he would inevitably have produced its successor(s). In his absence though, even if it is conspicuously a product of its time, I still find it a hugely impressive work and the fact there hasn’t really been a single book to directly take its place is testimony to his achievement. I have long thought that it deserved the same treatment that Bob Chapman gave to David Clarke’s ‘Analytical Archaeology’. This was reprinted with Chapman’s Foreword and additional notes that clarified and updated the original text to great effect (Chapman 1978). In Muckelroy’s case the publishers, Cambridge University Press, decided that they would see whether there was any demand through the new mechanism of ‘publication on demand’ and now, after many years when the book was only available second hand or as a photocopy, students are indeed buying it this way. Perhaps this article and any discussion it generates is an alternative to the Chapman/Clarke model. In commenting on this article I rely partly on familiarity with Muckelroy’s work but also on having known him fairly well, working with him on the Mary Rose Project over four seasons between 1977 and 1980. He was Margaret Rule’s Deputy Director until he took up his post at the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich after the 1977 season and so his involvement in the project was significant as was his influence. Even after he moved to Greenwich he was a regular participant on secondment. I enjoyed reading this article and in offering some differing interpretation I do so as comment rather than disagreement. The first part of the article is interesting and informative and succeeds in providing a basis for examining the situation in which Muckelroy’s

Interest In Biology: A Developmental Shift Characterized Using Self-Generated Questions

Why Are Interested in Interest? Within the science-education community, much thought has been given to the question of people should know about science. In contrast, the question of people are interested in knowing about is rarely considered. Interest refers to a differential likelihood of investing energy in one set of stimuli rather than another (Csikszentmihalyi & Hermanson, 1995). It is a form of intrinsic motivation, which refers to doing something because it is inherently interesting or enjoyable (Ryan & Deci, 2000), in contrast to extrinsic motivation, which refers to doing something because it leads to a separable outcome such as praise or avoiding punishment (Vallerand et al., 1992). Interest is a powerful motivator (Deci, 1992), which differs from most other motivational concepts by its content specificity (Krapp, 2002). Although positive relationships have been reported between individual interest and a wide range of indicators of learning (Schiefele, 1998), the potential benefits of motivation for school reform have been largely ignored (Anderman, 1997). The issue of students' interests may also be viewed in the context of the voice in movement. Involving students in decisions about their life in school is viewed as a useful and pragmatic practice, as well as an important moral and educational principle (Davie & Galloway, 1996). However, until recently, the pupil's voice was marginalized or neglected by educational researchers. The student was regarded as an object of study but not as someone who could make an informed judgment on what should be taught in school science courses (Jenkins & Nelson, 2005). This is not only true for formal K-12 science education. Too often television science programs reflect a lack of interest in the audience and its needs. What questions would most people really like to have answered about science? asks LaFollette (1992), adding that We know little about which facts the audience is interested in. Jenkins (1999) examined the implications of citizen science, i.e., science which relates in reflexive ways to the concerns, interests and activities of citizens as they go about their everyday lives, for the form and content of school science education. He suggested constructing science curricula that enable young people to engage in science-related issues that are likely to be of interest and concern to them (Jenkins, 1999). This idea has also been present in the recommendations of several organizations, including the National Research Council (1996) and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (1993), which proposed that science curricula provide a common basis of knowledge while addressing the particular needs and interests of students. Therefore, the ability to identify students' interests in science plays an important role in improving existing curricula to meet their needs. Compared to other science subjects, biology enjoys the most popularity among students (Qualter, 1993; Dawson, 2000; Osborne & Collins, 2000; Baram-Tsabari & Yarden, 2005; Murray & Reiss, 2005; Baram-Tsabari et al., 2006) and adults (Falchetti et al., 2003), especially among females. According to results from the ROSE project in Denmark (Busch, 2005) and England (Jenkins & Nelson, 2005), girls are most interested in biological topics regarding health, mind and well-being. Results from the ROSE project in Finland indicated that boys are more interested than girls in basic processes in biology (such as ecology and cell biology), whilst girls find human biology and health education more interesting than boys (Uitto et al., 2005). Interest in biology is not a constant trait--it changes with age. Stawinski (1984) found that among 13--to 16-year-old students, human biology becomes important while interest in plants and animals decreases. Older pupils' interest in human biology is well-attested to by a number of studies, including one conducted in England (Osborne & Collins, 2000), and another in Israel (Tamir & Gardner, 1989). …

Factors Affecting Junior High School Students' Interest in Physics

We report the results of a study on students' interest in physics at the end of their compulsory schooling in Israel carried out in the framework of the ROSE Project. Factors studied were their opinions about science classes, their out-of-school experiences in physics, and their attitudes toward science and technology. Students' overall interest in physics was “neutral” (neither positive nor negative), with boys showing a higher interest than girls. We found a strong correlation between students' “neutral” interest in physics and their negative opinions about science classes. These findings raise serious questions about the implementation of changes made in the Israeli science curriculum in primary and junior high school, especially if the goal is to prepare the young generation for life in a scientific-technological era. A more in-depth analysis of the results led us to formulate curricular, behavioral, and organizational changes needed to reach this goal.

Pupil interest in physics: A survey in Finland

Factors interrelating with interest in physics learning are gender, perceived relevance, contents and contexts of physics, and teaching methods. Finnish ninth grade secondary school pupil interest in physics in different contexts was investigated with a survey conducted in connection with the international ROSE project. The sample consisted of 3626 pupils (median age 15) in 61 schools. Means of all items that belong to school physics context for both girls and boys were under the middle of the scale. The most interesting things (especially for girls) were connected with human being and the less interesting (especially for girls) were connected in artefacts and technological processes. Astronomical context was rather interesting for both genders. The main message of the study is that interesting new curricular approaches and textbooks can be developed by combining technological and human or astronomical contexts.

ROSE project leads the way to better environmental monitoring

One family of gas detection techniques is that of Remote Optical Measurement Techniques (ROMTs). ROMTs, also known as 'open-path monitoring techniques' encompass a variety of optical techniques for detecting gaseous compounds in ambient air. Open-path instruments present a variety of methods of measuring concentrations of gases in ambient air, but they aren't frequently used because of the uncertainty of long path measurement. Some recent research has been done to better understand these challenges. The European Commission funded a project to address the lack of performance standards and to improve the understanding of the factors affecting the validity of measurements made with ROMT instrumentation. Entitled the 'ROSE' project (Remote Optical Sensing Evaluation), the consortium of partners devised a plan to assess ROMTs in a variety of real-life applications in order to understand the factors affecting performance along with a programme of modeling to assist the application of the knowledge gained.

On the Ion-Acoustic Instability in the Ionospheric E-Region

The linear theory of the ion-acoustic instability in the E-region ionospheric plasma has been studied. The instability can generate ion-acoustic waves with dispersion equation ω = csk and with wavelengths of order of a metre in the region of small aspect angles θ < 1°. This instability can be used for interpretation of coherent backscatter type I events. Considering the ion-acoustic instability it is also possible to explain rocket measurements during the ROSE project of waves with phase velocities smaller than the ion-acoustic velocity and dependent on frequency.

Long wave part of the plasma turbulence spectrum in the lower e-region

In the lower polar E-region electric field and plasma density fluctuations were measured with rocket-borne instrumentation (a floating double probe system and a retarding potential analyzer) during the ROSE project. The observational data are presented and compared with the recently developed theory (Gurevich et al. 1996) for long wave ionospheric plasma oscillations induced by the neutral turbulence. The measured shape and anisotropy of the plasma turbulence spectra at ionospheric heights below about 95 km are well described by this theory. Significant amplification of the low frequency plasma fluctuations in strongly disturbed ionospheric conditions is established.

A Classification Model for Reusable Software Components

TIris paper presents work which has been carried out in the ESF-ROSE project (referred to as ROSE in the remainder of this paper). Funded under the Eureka programme (Eureka is the famous interjection used by Archimedes in his bath and not an acronym), the ESF project (Eureka Software Factory) aims at providing a highly effective software manufacturing environment The use of the wordfactory in the software context has very little connection to traditional assemblyline factories. Instead, a Software Factory is a factory in the modem sense providing Computer Integrated Software Manufacturing with emphasis on integration. A software factory covers the total software production process, including all technical and managerial tasks, with a high degree of automation and resource utilization. The ROSE project is a collaborative effon involving MATRA Espace, the software house Serna Group (France), and the University of Dortmund (Federal Republic of Gennany). Pan of the work on classification is the Ph.D. research of author Eric Rames. The main goals of the ROSE project (Reuse Of SoftwarE) are: • to analyze and to define in a comprehensive way the concept of software reuse; • to develop an environment for the reuse of software components within a factory. A precondition for reuse in software development is the existence of libraries of reusable software components. In order to suppon reuse, the collection must contain not only the components themselves, but also be accessible by a system that provides descriptions of the components and retrieval mechanisms so that users may match their specific requirements against these descriptions. Indexing reusable software components according to a classification scheme allows reusers to have a better understanding and more efficient access to the libraries' contents. Therefore a classification scheme is built so that it represents selection criteria the reuser might have. These indexes would be searchable and keyed to retrievable software descriptions. Based on retrievals, users may then access the actual software. Building such a collection is a domain analysis process [PRI90] that includes activities such as: • Identification of software components that should be reusable and description in terms of reusable software components. • Definition of a classification scheme appropriate for indexing and retrieving the reusable software components. TIris paper focuses on the latter topic and how it is performed in the ROSE project. A case study carried out from the aerospace domain is then presented. A discussion of ongoing and future work will conclude this paper.

The ROSE project: James Loveluck, United Kingdom

The ROSE project: James Loveluck, United Kingdom