Abrus Precatorius Research Articles

Novel biogenic silver nanoconjugates of Abrus precatorius seed extracts and their antiproliferative and antiangiogenic efficacies

Biogenic silver nanoconjugates (AgNCs), derived from medicinal plants, have been widely explored in the field of biomedicines. AgNCs for the first-time were synthesized using ethyl acetate seed extracts of Abrus precatorius and their antiproliferative and antiangiogenic efficacies were evaluated against cervical and oral carcinoma. Ultraviolet–Visible spectrophotometry, dynamic light Scattering (DLS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used for characterization of AgNCs. Antiproliferative activity was investigated using MTT, DNA fragmentation and in-vitro antioxidant enzyme activity assays. In-vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model was used to evaluate antiangiogenic activity. A total of 11 compounds were identified in both the extracts in GCMS analysis. The synthesized AgNCs were spherical shaped with an average size of 97.4 nm for AgAPE (Sox) and 64.3 nm for AgAPE (Mac). AgNCs possessed effective inhibition against Hep2C and KB cells. In Hep2C cells, AgAPE (Mac) revealed the highest SOD, catalase, GST activity and lower MDA content, whereas AgAPE (Sox) showed the highest GSH content. On the other hand, in KB cells, AgAPE (Sox) exhibited the higher SOD, GST activity, GSH content, and least MDA content, while AgAPE (Mac) displayed the highest levels of catalase activity. Docking analysis revealed maximum binding affinity of safrole and linoleic acid with selected targets. AgAPE (Sox), AgAPE (Mac) treatment profoundly reduced the thickness, branching, and sprouting of blood vessels in the chick embryos. This study indicates that A. precatorius-derived AgNCs have enhanced efficacies against cervical and oral carcinoma as well as against angiogenesis, potentially limiting tumour growth.

Evaluation of <i>Abrus precatorius</i> on reproductive function of male Wistar rat

Background: In recent times, attention has been shifted from synthetic drugs to the use of medicinal plants and this has greatly improved reproductive functions. Abrus precatorious plant has different parts which are used as diverse sources of naturally occurring chemicals that have a variety of therapeutic effects on the body. However, in this present study, we consolidated the reproductive property of Abrus precatorius in paroxetine-induced male reproductive dysfunction. Methods: Twenty four (24) male rats were divided into four (4) groups each containing six animals was used for this experiment following paroxetine-induced erectile dysfunction. Group one, received 1ml of distilled water, Group two received 20mg/kg of Paroxetine and 50mg/kg of sildenafil, Group three received 20mg/kg of Paroxetine and 300mg/kg of A. precatorius extract, Group four received 20mg/kg of Paroxetine and 900mg/kg of A. precatorius extract for 21 days. Results: Results from the studies reveal that there was significant decrease in the sperm motility of the rats administered with Abrus precatorius when compared with control. Interestingly, the high dose extract increased the serum testosterone levels significantly while the low dose extract significantly reduce the level of testosterone when compared with the control. Histological examination of the testes of treated rats displayed noticeable atrophy, which was characterized by disruption of the seminiferous epithelium and reduction in cell population of the Leydig cells. Conclusion: It appears that very high dose of Abrus precatorius may induce infertility by increasing serum testosterone levels.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Perception of Nigerians Towards Herbal Contraception: A Questionnaire- Based Study

Aims: With a population of about 222 million, which is expected to rise to 377 million making Nigeria the 3rd largest country in the world by 2050, a well-planned family will improve the quality of life of mother and child.
 Methodology: A non-probability online survey was conducted (October 2021 and November 2021), recruiting 1113 participants across Nigeria. Socio-demographic data and information on contraceptives were obtained, and Pearson’s chi-squared test of independence at a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed using R 4.2.1.
 Results: Significant associations (P < .001) were found between age, marital status, education, and profession of respondents. About 44.65% were 15-29 years, while 41.2% were 30-34 years. No significant association was observed between the age group, gender, and the need for population control. Females (50.04%), 15-29 years old (66.48%) are more likely to approve of the need for population control. Likewise, females (22.01%), with tertiary education (18.78%) are well-informed about contraceptive use (P < .001). Only 19.38% (n = 184; P < .001) of participants used herbal contraceptives, in the form of liquid mixtures (55.98%), teas (17.93%), pills (12.50%), and powders (10.87%), with 26.63% > 7.61% > 6.52% > 5.98% = 5.98% = 5.98% > 4.89% > 3.80% who took Moringa, Alligator Pepper, Neem Plant, Castor Beans, African Star apple Momordica, Rosary Pea, and Horse-eye Bean respectively as contraceptives. Aged parents (32.07%), friends (31.52%), doctors (15.76%), herbalists (5.98%), pharmacists (5.43%), and nurses (3.80%) played a significant (P < .001) role in recommending these herbs. Furthermore, 76.37% recommended the development of indigenous herbal contraceptives in Nigeria, while 23.63% did not.
 Conclusion: Although participants have expressed a preference for herbal contraceptives, knowledge of them is lacking, which calls for more awareness campaigns and policy formulations for their promotion, development, and adoption in Nigeria.

Exploring the multi-gene regulatory molecular mechanism of Saudi Arabian flora against epilepsy based on data mining, network pharmacology and docking analysis

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder marked by recurrent seizures, significantly affecting the population in Saudi Arabia across all age demographics. The global prevalence of active epilepsy is around 6.38/1,000 persons and in the Arabian region, the median prevalence of active epilepsy is 4.4/1,000 persons. However, over 75% of individuals are untreated. Consequently, the development of therapeutic strategies with increased efficacy and safety profiles is essential to improve the survival rate among epilepsy patients. The current study integrates network pharmacology along with Bioinformatics approaches to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of local flora of Saudi Arabia including Solanum incanum, Abrus precatorius, Withania somnifera, and Azadirachta indica in epilepsy treatment. In the preliminary phase, data related to the bioactive components of the local plants and the associated target genes of both these plants and epilepsy were gathered from scientific literature and open-source databases. This data was then analyzed to identify common targets between the plants and ovarian cancer. Based on these common targets, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed utilizing the STRING database, which was subsequently incorporated into the Cytoscape software for identification of hub genes based on their degree of connectivity. Lastly, an interplay network depicting the associations between the compounds and the overlapping genes was formulated via Cytoscape, to study the potential network pharmacology implications of these active compounds in relation to ovarian cancer. Following that, a compound-target protein-pathway network was constructed which uncovered that namely abrectorin, genistin, (+)-catechin, precatorine, (+)-ascorbic acid, licoflavanone, skrofulein, stigmasterone, 5,7-Dihydroxy-4′-methoxy-8,3′-di-C-prenylflavanone could potentially be used as antagonists for the therapeutic management of epilepsy by targeting TNF and TP53 proteins. Furthermore, the implementation of molecular docking reinforces the binding affinity of the compound, indicating a robust stability of the forecasted compounds at the docked site. This research lays both a theoretical and experimental groundwork for more profound investigations and establishes a practical method for the strategic employment of active compounds in the development of anti-epileptic therapeutics.

Discovery and Activity Evaluation of the Inhibitory Effect of Four Kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extracts on the CYP3A4 Enzyme.

Traditional Chinese medicines that have inhibitory effects on the CYP3A4 enzymes were screened and their inhibitory effects were verified with in vitro bioassay. The computer virtual screening methods, including the CYP3A4 enzyme pharmacophore model and the molecular docking method, were used to rapidly screen the potential CYP3A4 inhibitors in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Database (TCMD), and then in vitro experiments were conducted to validate the computational data. A total of 413 chemical components in TCMD that have potential inhibitory effects on the CYP3A4 enzyme were screened, and four kinds of traditional Chinese medicines (Abrus precatorius, Andrographis paniculata, Angelica pubescens f. biserrata and Lithospermum erythrorhizon) contained the most potential CYP3A4 inhibitors; The results of the in vitro experiments showed that these four traditional Chinese medicine extracts all had certain degrees of inhibition on the CYP3A4 enzyme, with IC50 values of 5.15, 14.97, 15.2, and 24.21 μg/ml, respectively. The extracts of Abrus precatorius, Andrographis paniculata, Angelica pubescens f. biserrata and Lithospermum erythrorhizon had certain inhibitory effects on the CYP3A4 enzyme, and attention should be paid to the possible adverse reactions when they were used in combination with the CYP3A4 enzyme-substrate drugs. A combination of computational approaches might be a useful tool to identify potential inhibitors of the CYP3A4 enzyme from traditional Chinese medicine.

LCMS Determination and Cytotoxicity of Abrus precatorius on L6 and SK-N-MC Cell Lines.

The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic effect of various extracts derived from Abrus precatorius Linn. leaves on rat L6 and human SK-N-MC neuroblastoma cell lines and determine the secondary metabolites responsible for the cytotoxicity of Abrus precatorius. Successive solvent extraction of A.precatorius leaves was carried out using the Soxhlet apparatus with solvents such as petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. HPTLC fingerprinting and LC-MS studies were performed to assess the presence of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids and phenols, in the ethyl acetate extract. Furthermore, the cytotoxic effect of extracts was tested on rat skeletal muscle cell line L6 and human neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-MC using MTT assay. The total phenolic content of ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts of A.precatorius were 72.67 and 60.73 mg, respectively, of GAE/g dry weight of the extract. The total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of A.precatorius were 107.33 and 40.66 mg of Quercetin equivalents/g dry weight of the extract. LCMS analysis demonstrated that the flavonoids in specific Naringenin, Diosmetin, Glycitin, and Genistein might play a prominent role in the cytotoxicity of A.precatorius. The cytotoxicity study revealed that the extracts of A.precatorius were non-toxic to rat L6 myotubes, and the IC50 values of the various extracts, such as APPE, APCH, APEA, and APET, were >100 µg/ml. The extracts exhibited cytotoxic activity against human neuroblastoma SK-N-MC cells, and the IC50 values of APPE, APCH, APEA, APET, and the standard drug "Cisplatin" were >100, >100, 64.88, >100, and 3.72 µg/ml, respectively. It was concluded from the study that the extracts of Abrus precatorius were cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cell lines but non-toxic to normal cell lines. HPTLC and LC-MS studies confirmed that flavonoids in the ethyl acetate extract could be responsible for the biological activity.

Diversity, Composition and Economic Importance of Herbaceous Plants within the Federal Polytechnic Kaura Namoda Campus, Zamfara State, Nigeria.

The diversity, composition and economic importance of herbaceous species within the federal polytechnic Kaura Namoda, Zamfara State was studied. The study's objective was to identify, document and evaluate the diversity and abundance of herbaceous species in the study area. The point-centered quarter (PCQ) method was employed in each sampling point. All nearest living herb species encountered were listed. Data obtained were quantitatively analyzed for Relative density (RD) and relative frequency (RF). Species diversity was calculated using Simpson’s index and the Shannon-Weiner index. A total of 64 species of herb were identified belonging to 19 Families. Acanthaceae, Aizoaceae, Cleomaceae, Connaraceae, Laminaceae, Oxalidaceae, and Plantaginaceae had (1) species each. Convolvulaceae, Cucurbitaceae and Euphobiaceae had (2) species each. Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Malvaceae, Pedaliaceae and Poaceae had (3) species each. Solonaceae is the only family with (4) species. Fabaceae is the only family with the highest number of species (32). A total of 494 individuals of herbaceous species were in the study area. Site A has the highest number of individuals (117), followed by Site D (103), Site C (95) and E (82). Tephrosia pedicellata has the highest species density of 3.2. Leptadenia hastata, Centaurea perrottetii, Gynandropsis gynandra, Euphorbia balsamifera, Senna obtusifolia, Abrus precatorius, Desmodium velutinum, Crotalaria goreensis, Crotalaria pallida var.obovata, Tephrosia pedicellata, Indigofera oblongifolia, Tephrosia vogelii, Tephrosia linearis, Biophytum petersianum, Sesamum radiatum, Solanum lycopersicum has the highest Frequency (100%). Senna tora has the highest relative abundance (5), and Euphorbia balsamifera has a Relative Density of 3.8. Euphorbia balsamifera has the highest relative density of 5, and Ipomea asarifolia has an IVI of 7. Shannon Weiner's diversity index for herbaceous species showed a total of 4.0097. Herbaceous plants are of economic importance; they serve as food, fooder, medicine, fuel, and other purposes. We recommended that there is a need for the conservation of herbaceous species within the Polytechnic to avoid harvesting the herbs for medicinal purposes and animals foraging on the grasses.

Synergistic activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Abrus precatorius fractions extract against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Streptococcus pneumonia and Mycobacterium tuberculosis and both account for high morbidity and mortality globally. This study is aimed to determine the antimicrobial and synergistic activity of Tetrapleura tetraptera and Abrus precatorius against these two respiratory infections. The leaves of T. tetraptera and A. precatorius were extracted using 70% methanol and further fractionations of the further fractionation. The crude and fractions were screened for antimicrobial activity on Streptococcus pneumonia and Mycobacterium tuberculosis using micro-dilution technique. The synergistic activity of fractions of T. tetraptera and A. precatorius was analyzed using standard checkerboard. The phytochemical composition of the fractions was analyzed using standard technique. The crude extracts of T. tetraptera and A. precatorius had activity against S. pneumoniae and M. tuberculosis at varied concentrations of 0.7 to 6.9 mg/l. The fractions alone of T. tetraptera and A. precatorius had activity at lower concentrations ranging 0.03 to 0.98 mg/ml against test bacteria. The combined fractions T. tetraptera and A. precatorius against S. pneumoniae and M. tuberculosis provided better activity at concentrations of 0.01 to 0.33 mg/ml to give synergy and indifference activity. The phytochemicals identified in A. precatorius and T. tetraptera included tannins, saponins, flavonoids, phenols and resins but differ in alkaloids detected in only T. tetraptera. This study has shown that A. precatorius and T. tetraptera possess antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumonia and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The combined fractions of T. tetraptera and A. precatorius showed greater antimicrobial activity than when each plant is used individually. The synergistic effect of these fractions of T. tetraptera and A. precatorius can be used in the development of phyto-medicine that will be efficacious, increase cure rate and decrease resistance in S. pneumoniae and M. tuberculosis.

Application of response surface methodology to the operating parameters of diesel engines fueled with SiO2 nanoparticles in Abrus precatorius biodiesel

Application of response surface methodology to the operating parameters of diesel engines fueled with SiO2 nanoparticles in Abrus precatorius biodiesel

Investigation of Operating Parameters of Diesel Engine Fueled with SiO2 Nanoparticles and Abrus precatorius Biodiesel: Experimental Approach and Response Surface Methodology

Investigation of Operating Parameters of Diesel Engine Fueled with SiO2 Nanoparticles and Abrus precatorius Biodiesel: Experimental Approach and Response Surface Methodology

Medicinal plants used for treatment of malaria by indigenous communities of Tororo District, Eastern Uganda

BackgroundMalaria remains the leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa. Although recent developments such as malaria vaccine trials inspire optimism, the search for novel antimalarial drugs is urgently needed to control the mounting resistance of Plasmodium species to the available therapies. The present study was conducted to document ethnobotanical knowledge on the plants used to treat symptoms of malaria in Tororo district, a malaria-endemic region of Eastern Uganda.MethodsAn ethnobotanical study was carried out between February 2020 and September 2020 in 12 randomly selected villages of Tororo district. In total, 151 respondents (21 herbalists and 130 non-herbalists) were selected using multistage random sampling method. Their awareness of malaria, treatment-seeking behaviour and herbal treatment practices were obtained using semi-structured questionnaires and focus group discussions. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, paired comparison, preference ranking and informant consensus factor.ResultsA total of 45 plant species belonging to 26 families and 44 genera were used in the preparation of herbal medicines for management of malaria and its symptoms. The most frequently mentioned plant species were Vernonia amygdalina, Chamaecrista nigricans, Aloe nobilis, Warburgia ugandensis, Abrus precatorius, Kedrostis foetidissima, Senna occidentalis, Azadirachta indica and Mangifera indica. Leaves (67.3%) were the most used plant part while maceration (56%) was the major method of herbal remedy preparation. Oral route was the predominant mode of administration with inconsistencies in the posology prescribed.ConclusionThis study showed that the identified medicinal plants in Tororo district, Uganda, are potential sources of new antimalarial drugs. This provides a basis for investigating the antimalarial efficacy, phytochemistry and toxicity of the unstudied species with high percentage use values to validate their use in the management of malaria.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL SCARIFICATION ON DORMANCY BREAKING OF ROSARY PEA SEEDS (ABRUS PRECATORIUS L.)


 
 
 
 Abstract: Seeds are part of the plant containing embryo that grows through the germination process. This process involves metabolism occurs in seeds to produce roots and shoots. However, this metabolic process is inhibited by the environment and genetics of the seeds itself. Thus, the seeds experience dormancy and fail to grow. Dormancy can be broken with help of physical and chemical scarification to accelerate seed germination. The research aim was to determine the physical and chemical scarification seed dormancy breaking in increasing the germination rosary pea seeds (Abrus precatorius L.). The research method used was experimental randomized block design using 4 treatment groups, namely cracked (F1), sanded (F2), and soaked in 50% H2SO4 solution for 15 minutes (K1) and 30 minutes (K2) and the group control with water. The viability germination, germination rate (GER), vigor index (VI), simultaneous growth (SG) normal sprouts on day 6, and growth rate (GOR) were observed for two weeks. The results obtained that immersion in H2SO4 50% solution for 30 minutes and cracking could break the dormancy of rosary pea seeds and increase germination with higher viability of germination, GER, VI, SG, and GOR than immersion in 50% H2SO4 solution for 15 minutes and sanding.
 
 
 

Eco-friendly synthesized silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungus Phyllosticta owaniana: KUMBMDBT-32 and evaluation of biomedical properties.

The primary objective of the current investigation was the biosynthesis of Phy-AgNPs by the endophytic fungus Phyllosticta owaniana (extractedfrom Abrus precatorius) and the evaluation of the secondary metabolites from the ethyl acetate extract of P. owaniana cultivated by submerged fermentation. Utilizing bioanalytical strategies, Phy-AgNPs were characterized. The UV-visible spectrophotometer analysis revealed an absorption spectrum with a peak at 420nm, thus validating the Phy-AgNPs synthesis. The FTIR analysis revealed peaks correlating to various potential functional groups, suggesting that Phy-AgNPs have been reduced and capped. SEM-EDAX and HR-TEM analyses demonstrated the spherical shape of Phy-AgNPs, and the 3keV EDAX analysis confirmed the existence of silver atoms. XRD analyses showed the Phy-AgNPs crystalline structure. The size and the stability of synthesized Phy-AgNPs (65.81nm) were measured by DLS and Zeta potential studies. While the ethyl acetate extract was analyzed with GC-MS and FTIR for secondary metabolites. The synthesized Phy-AgNPs showed effective antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.1 ± 0.17mm, 10mg/mL), while the antifungal activity of Phy-AgNPs inhibited the growth of Candida albicans extremely efficiently (12.16 ± 0.28mm, 10mg/mL). Phy-AgNPs were evaluated for a variety of biomedical properties in which they showed significant activity. In a cell viability assay using the MTT assay, Phy-AgNPs exhibited a cytotoxic impact of up to 30.67% and 34.53% when 200µg/mL were detected. In both in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory examinations, nanoparticles (NPs) exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory effect. These findings support the pharmaceutical and biomedical properties of the synthesized Phy-AgNPs.

A review on role of Indian medicinal plants in treatment of Icterus

Indian medicinal plants play the very effective and important role in human’s life. Numerous medicinal plant species, particularly those used to treat Icterus, are regarded as a crucial therapeutic resource in the fight against these illnesses. When the blood level of bilirubin rises, a chronic condition called Icterus (Jaundice) develops.This review article highlights various medicinal plants that Indian tribal and rural populations utilize to treat Icterus.The study reveals 13 medicinal plant species, which are used for treating Icterus in India. The main aim of this review is to highlight the indigenous information of medicinal plants,which are specifically used for the prevention of Icterus. The plant species that are most frequently observed and utilized as medicines for treating Icterus are Acacia Nicotica, Abrus precatorius, Aloe barbadensis, Arhenome maxicanal, Boerhaavia diffusa, Carica papaya, Cajanus cajan, Cassia angustifolia, Curcurma angustifolia, Eclipta alba, Emlica officinalis, Ficus hispida. In order to create new medications that may be significantly more effective than the ones now available, plants that are often used to treat Icterus must first undergo scientific validation through pharmacological study.

Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants traditionally used against erectile dysfunction in Tabora region, Tanzania

Background: Globally, erectile dysfunction (ED) is a public health concern that upsets men's psychosocial well-being. Despite using indigenous knowledge to manage various disorders in Tanzania, there is a lack of data on the medicinal plants (MPs) used to manage ED. Therefore, this study was aimed at documenting MPs traditionally used by traditional healers (THs) to manage ED in Tabora region, Tanzania. Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was conducted from June to October 2020. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information from 38 THs in 9 wards, explicitly asking about MPs used against ED, parts used, methods of preparation, and routes of administration. The collected information was analyzed by computing percentage frequencies and familiarity index. Results: Thirty-four plant species belonging to 21 families and 32 genera were documented to be used to manage ED. Family Fabaceae (26%) dominated the species used in the treatments. Abrus precatorius L. (59%), Senegalia senegal (L.) Wild., Ricinus communis L. (with 57% each), Coffea arabica L., and Flueggea virosa (Willd.) Voigt. (56% each) were the most cited MPs. Tree (52%) and root (60%) were the most utilized growth form and plant part, respectively. Decoction (34%) and oral (97%) were the most used methods of preparing and administering the remedies, respectively. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the region has diverse MPs for treating ED. Most MPs used by THs to treat ED are yet to be tested; thus, further research is required to authenticate the efficacy of the herbal remedies and to formulate low-cost contemporary drugs. Keywords: Ethnomedicine, herbal remedies, impotence, Traditional medicine, Tanzania

Green Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles by Using Abrus precatorius Bark Extract and Their Photocatalytic, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxicity Activities.

The current research is concerned with the synthesis of magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles (NPs) from Abrus precatorius L. bark extract via the green chemistry method. The synthesized MgO NPs was confirmed by using several characterization methods like XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and UV-visible analysis. The synthesized MgO NPs displayed a small particle size along with a specific surface area. Abrus precatorius bark synthesized MgO NPs with a higher ratio of dye degradation, and antioxidant activity showed a higher percentage of free radical scavenging in synthesized MgO NPs. Zebrafish embryos were used as a model organism to assess the toxicity of the obtained MgO nanoparticles, and the results concluded that the MgO NPs were nontoxic. In addition, the anticancer properties of MgO nanoparticles were analyzed by using a human melanoma cancer cell line (A375) via MTT, XTT, NRU, and LDH assessment. MgO NPs treated a human melanoma cancer cell line and resulted in apoptosis and necrosis based on the concentration, which was confirmed through a genotoxicity assay. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms in necrosis and apoptosis were conferred to depict the association of magnesium oxide nanoparticles with the human melanoma cancer cell line. The current study on MgO NPs showed a broad-scope understanding of the use of these nanoparticles as a medicinal drug for melanoma cancer via its physiological mechanism and also a novel route to obtain MgO NPs by using the green chemistry method.

Phytochemical analysis, In-vitro antioxidant, anticancer and enzyme hydrolysis activity of Abrus precatorius seeds

Abrus precatorius is commonly known as Indian liquorice. It is an effective medicinal herb that comes under the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) - pea family. The objective of the current study was to determine whether the methanol extract of Abrus precatorius seeds and its separated components have antioxidant, anticancer, and enzyme hydrolysis activities. The crude extract of the seed was obtained by maceration with methanol for 7 days. Column chromatography was used to isolate the components from the crude extract using Silica gel with a 60–120 mesh as an adsorbent and methanol as solvent. The phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of the seeds was achieved. The methanol extracts of the seeds contain many bioactive chemical constituents like Alkaloids, Glycosides, Flavonoids, Steroids, Saponins, Phytosterols, Terpenoids, Tannins, and Phenols. Using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical species assays, the antioxidant activity was measured. Superoxide-free radical scavenging activity was determined by the alkaline DMSO method. The result indicates strong antioxidant activity. The anticancer activity for breast cancer and colon cancer was determined by MTT cell viability assay. The enzyme hydrolysis activity was determined for the papain, alpha-chymotrypsin by the gelatin well plate method.

Isolation and characterization of three isolates of Abrus precatorius seeds by LC-MS, 1HNMR, And 13CNMR

The three isolates were isolated from the methanolic extract of Abrus precatorius seeds by column chromatography using silica gel 60-120 mesh as the adsorbent and methanol as the mobile phase. The isolated compounds are further purified by TLC. The compounds that have the same RF value are combined. The crude extract was named CMME. The isolated compounds named CMME I, CMME II, and CMME III are first-eluted, second, eluted, and third-eluted compounds respectively. The isolated compounds were characterized by LC-MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The compound I was found to be (4,6-O-Benzylidene) methyl-alpha D-glucopyranoside, m/z282.3923, molecular formula C14H18O6. The compound II was found to be Isoflavone base + 20, O-Malonyl Hex, m/z 502.42801, molecular formula C24H22O12. The compound III was found to be 3-Carboxy-1-methyl pyridinium chloride, m/z 173.6, molecular formula C7H8ClNO2.

Phytochemical analysis, In-vitro antioxidant, anticancer and enzyme hydrolysis activity of Abrus precatorius seeds

Phytochemical analysis, In-vitro antioxidant, anticancer and enzyme hydrolysis activity of Abrus precatorius seeds

Effect of temperatures and salinity on seed germination rate of rosary pea from Mount Vifa of Saudi Arabia

Effect of temperatures and salinity on seed germination rate of rosary pea from Mount Vifa of Saudi Arabia