Rosa Damascena Extract Research Articles

Anti-aging Effects of Rosa damascena Extract Containing Low Molecular Glycoprotein

Anti-aging Effects of Rosa damascena Extract Containing Low Molecular Glycoprotein

Novel Effects of Rosa damascena Extract on Patients with Neurocognitive Disorder and Depression: A Clinical Trial Study.

Background:Dementia as a major cognitive neurological disorder is defined as impairment in one or more cognitive territories compared with the former level of performance. This disorder disrupts patient's independence, and the patient would need others aid in order of doing daily and complex activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Rosa damascena extract in the improvement of cognitive function in patients with dementia.Methods:This study is a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial on 40 patients older than 55 years with dementia referred to Specialized Elderly Patients Clinic in 2015–2016. Patients were divided randomly into two groups (control and intervention). The intervention group used donepezil and R. damascena capsules, and in control group, placebo capsule instead of R. damascena added on donepezil. Four test was filled three times at the study initiation, after month one and also after month three: Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination Revised (ACE-R) were used for cognition evaluation, for depression assessment, Geriatric Depression Scale was administered, and checklist of memory and behavioral disorders were filled.Results:The results showed add-on donepezil and R. damascena versus placebo improved cognitive impairment based on MMSE with P = 0.002, ACE-R with total P = 0.001, depression (P = 0.012), behavioral disorders (P < 0.001), and daily activity (P < 0.001).Conclusions:The R. damascena extract affected cognitive impairment of dementia patients significantly and also have significant effects on improving depression and behavioral problems.

The effects of n-3 fatty acids and Rosa damascena extract on primary dysmenorrhea

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is painful contractions of the lower abdomen without abnormal pelvic pathology. Aims: Because high prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effects on women’s social activities, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of separate and concurrent supplementation of n-3 fatty acid and Rosa damascene extract (RDE) on primary dysmenorrhea complaints. Study design: Double blind clinical trial. Methods: In this study, 120 university students were randomly allocated with equal size into two groups [Fish oil (FO) Factor groups: one with one-gram soft gel capsule of fish oil (60) and other without it (60)], then each group was randomly allocated with equal size into two groups (RDE Factor groups: one with one-gram capsules of RDE (30) and other without it (30)), for 2 months. And all data was measured three times in these four groups, at the beginning of the study 30th day and 60th day. Pain intensity and quantity of bleeding were measured by visual analog scale (VAS), Higham Pictorial blood loss assessment charts methods respectively. Results: After 2 months treatment, pain intensity was decreased significantly in FO (p=0.02), and RDE (p<0.01) groups but remained high among those who received both of FO and RDE (p=0.27). Reduction of bleeding days was significant (p<0.01) with separate supplementation of FO and RDE but concurrent use of them has no significant effect (p=0.75) on bleeding duration. The amount of bleeding does not changed significantly in any groups. Conclusion: Our results suggest, omega-3 fatty acids and RDE separately have analgesic effect on pain severity and can decrease bleeding duration of dysmenorrhea as nutritional supplements only when used separately.

Dietary Rosa damascena protects against UVB-induced skin aging by improving collagen synthesis via MMPs reduction through alterations of c-Jun and c-Fos and TGF-β1 stimulation mediated smad2/3 and smad7

Ultraviolet (UV) light exposure induces skin damage, which can result in elevated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and in the loss of Type 1 procollagen. Rosa damascena (RD) is well known for its aromatic flowers. This aesthetic has led it to be used in the cosmetic industry to provide fragrances. Additionally, RD has been used as an herbal remedy for pharmacological conditions; it has not, however, been tested for its effect on photoaged skin. In this study, we investigated whether treatment with 50% ethanol RD extract induces a protective effect on photoaging. We found that RD impacted MMP transcription by suppressing AP-1 activation. Simultaneously, RD reversed the UV-induced reduction in Type 1 procollagen and TGF-β1 expression by regulating Smads. Finally, we observed a reduction in wrinkle formation after RD treatment on photoaging-induced hairless mice. Together, our findings indicate that RD may act as an effective anti-aging treatment if consumed as functional food.

The Effect of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Rosa damascena on Uterine Constriction of Virgin Rats

Background: Few studies have evaluated the effect of Rosa damascena (R. damascena) on uterine smooth muscle contraction and dysmenorrhea; but, their ‎results were inconsistent. Objectives: The aim of the study was to consider the effect of alcoholic extract of R. damascena flower on uterine smooth muscle contraction amplitude, duration, and frequency in virgin rats. Methods: Thirty adult Wistar rats (180 - 220 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups including control, extract, and oxytocin plus extract. After anesthesia, 1.5 cm of the uterine horn was cut and placed in an organ bath. The contractile responses of the uterine smooth muscle to a cumulative concentration of alcoholic extract of R. damascena flower (1, 2, and 4 mg/mL) and to oxytocin (4 mU/mL) plus alcoholic extract of R. damascena were recorded. The extract or oxytocin was diluted in 0.2 ml of De Jalon solution and added to the organ bath. The amplitude, duration, and interval of contractions were recorded. Results: The alcoholic extract of R. damascena (4 mg/mL) significantly reduced the basal contractions ‎of ‎uterine smooth muscle (P = 0.004). Rosa damascena (4 mg/mL) significantly diminished oxytocin-induced uterine smooth muscle contractions (P = 0.026). The extract of R. damascena had no significant effect on the duration of normal or oxytocin-induced contractions in uterine smooth muscle. However, R. damascena (4 mg/mL) significantly reduced the frequency of uterine contraction in normal (P = 0.006) and oxytocin-induced contractions (P = 0.014). Conclusions: Rosa damascena extract reduced the amplitude and frequency of the basal and oxytocin-induced contractions in the uterine smooth muscle of virgin rats. The extract may relieve dysmenorrhea and premature labor, which needs further study for more clarification.

Antihyperglycemic Effect of Rosa Damascena is Mediated by PPAR.γ Gene Expression in Animal Model of Insulin Resistance.

Insulin resistance is a condition in which insulin signaling and action are impaired in insulin sensitive tissues and result in hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our previous studies have shown that Rosa damascena has antihyperglycemic effects on diabetic and normal rats. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate the effect of this medicinal plant on insulin sensitivity in rats. This study was performed on high fructose diet insulin resistant rats and pioglitazone, an insulin sensitizing drug, was used as a positive control. Insulin resistance was developed in animals by high fructose diet within six weeks. Then, Rosa damascena extract and pioglitazone were administered by gavage for two weeks and results were compared with two control groups. After treatment period, serum glucose, insulin, adiponectin, triglyceride, and cholesterol were assayed in fasting state. Plasma free fatty acid profile was analyzed by GC. Liver PPAR.γ and muscle GLUT.4 gene expressions were assessed by real time PCR and western blotting. Animals were treated with rosa damascena extract showed levels of insulin (42 ± 2.7 pmol/L). adiponectin (5.6±0.17 μg/mL). glucose (129±4.7 mg/dL). and triglyceride (75 ± 9 mg/dl) which were significantly improved as compared with control group insulin (137 ± 34 pmol/L), adiponectin (3.9±0.15 μg/mL). glucose (187±15 mg/dL). and triglycerides (217±18 mg/dL). PPARγ protein level was also significantly increased in Rosa damascene treated group. Our results demonstrated that rosa damascena extract has useful effects on insulin resistant animals and by increasing insulin sensitivity can be considered as a potential agent in control of diabetes.

Promising effect of Rosa damascena extract on high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver

NAFLD is a chronic liver disease that affects a high proportion of the world's population which causes metabolic and hepatic damages. Rosa damascena Mill is traditionally used as a dietary supplement for liver disorders. This study was carried out to determine the beneficial effect of standardized extract of R. damascena on animal model of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD was induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in Wistar rats. HFD rats showed an increase (p < 0.05) in the plasma lipid levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and reduced the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. R. damascena significantly reduced the elevation of final body weight, liver fat accumulation, TG, TC, LDL-C concentrations and hepatic enzymes (p < 0.05). Histopathological examination of hepatic tissue confirmed the therapeutic effect of R. damascena. Improvement of total antioxidant power activity, total thiol content, MPO enzyme activity, and also lipid peroxidation were also considered in treated animals (p < 0.05). HPLC analysis showed that phenolic compounds including gallic acid, quercetin and syringic acid are the main bioactive compounds of R. damascena hydroalcoholic extract. In conclusion, R. damascena dietary supplementation has a therapeutic effect in NAFLD. Improvement of oxidative stress associated damage in liver tissue is among the main pharmacological mechanisms involved in therapeutic activity of the plant.

Neuroprotective effects of Rosa damascena extract on learning and memory in a rat model of amyloid-β-induced Alzheimer's disease.

Background:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related progressive neurodegenerative disease, which is characterized clinically by serious impairment in memory and cognition. Current medications only slow down the dementia progression and the present treatment one-drug one-target paradigm for anti-AD treatment appears to be clinically unsuccessful. Therefore, alternative therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. With respect to multifunctional and multitargeted characteristics of Rosa damascena via its effective flavonoids, we investigated the effects of R. damascena extract on behavioral functions in a rat model of amyloid-β (A-β)-induced Alzheimer's disease.Materials and Methods:After preparation of the methanolic extract of the R. damascena, HPLC analysis and toxicity studies, median lethal dose (LD50) and dose levels were determined. For evaluation of baseline training behavioral performance, Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests were used. A-β was injected bilaterally into CA1 area of the hippocampus. Twenty-one days after injection of A-β, the first probe trial of the behavioral tests were used to confirm learning and memory impairment. To examine the potential effects of the extract on behavioral tasks, the second probe trials were performed after one month administration of R. damasena extract.Results:Results showed that the R. damascena extract significantly improved the spatial and long-term memories in the extract- treated groups in a dose-dependent manner, as in the middle and high doses it had significant effect.Conclusion:According to these results, we concluded that R. damascena can reverse behavioral deficits caused by A-β, and may provide a new potential option for prevention and treatment of the cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.

Novel effects of Rosa damascena extract on memory and neurogenesis in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease

The number of older people who are suffering from memory impairment is increasing among populations throughout the world. Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects about 5% of people over 65 years old. The hippocampus, a brain area critical for learning and memory, is especially vulnerable to damage in the early stages of AD. Emerging evidence suggests that loss of neurons and synapses are correlated with dementia in this devastating disease. Therefore, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in adulthood could serve as a preventive as well as a therapeutic target for AD. This study investigated the effect of Rosa damascena extract on neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in an animal model of AD. Molecular, cellular, and behavioral experiments revealed that this treatment could induce neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity and improve memory in AD. Our study suggests that R. damascena is a promising treatment for mild memory impairments and AD.

The Effect of Rosa Damascena Extract on Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Double-blind Cross-over Clinical Trial

Background:Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common types of cyclic pain that affects 50% of women and girls in their menstrual ages. Because of the side-effects and contraindications of chemical medicines, using herbs has been investigated in treating dysmenorrhea.Objectives:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Rosa damascena extract on primary dysmenorrhea among the students of Kowsar dormitory in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.Materials and Methods:This study was performed in Iran on 92 single 18-24 year old students with BMI :19-25 and obtaining pain intensity score of 5-8 in Visual Analogue Scale that were randomly classified and included in two groups of 46 persons. The participants received two capsules of Mefenamic Acid and Rosa damascena with the similar physical properties in two consecutive cycles per 6 hours for 3 days in a cross-over form. The data were collected through the questionnaire of demographic characteristics and check-list of visual analogue scale. Descriptive statistics and repeated measurement test and independent samples t test by using SPSS (13/win) were used in order to determine and compare the effects of two drugs on dysmenorrheal pain intensity of the groups.Results:There was a significant difference between the average of pain intensity at different hours of measurement in each group after the end of first cycle and second cycle (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the average of pain intensity in two groups in the first cycle (P = 0.35) and second cycle (P = 0.22).Conclusions:In this study¸ Rosa damascena and Mefenamic acid had similar effects on pain intensity of primary dysmenorrhea . With further studies, Rosa damascena which has no chemical side effects¸ can be suggested for treating primary dysmenorrhea.

Cholinergic and Histaminergic Effects of the Aqueous Fraction of Rosa damascena Extract in Guinea Pig Ileum and Rabbit Jejunum

Cholinergic and Histaminergic Effects of the Aqueous Fraction of Rosa damascena Extract in Guinea Pig Ileum and Rabbit Jejunum

Therapeutic Efficacy of Rosa damascena Mill. on Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress in Albino Rats

Rosa damascena (RD) is a widely cultivated ornamental plant. It acts as an astringent, aperients, carminative, and refrigerant and is used in respiratory disorders, tonsillitis, eye disorders, migraines, gynecological disorders, and menopausal symptoms. The aim of this study is to investigate the hepatoprotective activity of the aqueous extract of RD flowers at different oral dose levels (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight) on acetaminophen (2 g/kg oral N-acetyl-p-aminophenol [APAP])-induced toxicity in rats. APAP administration altered various biochemical parameters, including serum transaminases, serum alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, bilirubin, urea and creatinine, hepatic lipid peroxidation, and reduced glutathione levels. Adenosine triphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver was decreased significantly in animals treated with APAP. These values are retrieved significantly by treatment with RD extract at all 3 doses in dose-dependant manner. Apart from these, histopathological changes also reveal the protective nature of the RD extract against acetaminophen-induced necrotic damage of hepatic tissues. In conclusion, these data suggest that the aqueous extract of RD may prevent hepatic damage from APAP-induced toxicity in rats and is likely to be mediated through its antioxidant activities.

Evaluation of the effect of preemptive administration of Rosa damascena extract on post-operative pain in elective cesarean sections

Pain is the most common complaint in any kind of disorder. Despite its different nature, place and cause in various cases, pain is the main complaint of about half of the patients that are referred to physicians. Opiates and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDS have been used for pain control many years ago, but these drugs also have some side effects. Regarding the complications and continuous pain in preoperative patients, some safe analgesics with better effects and little adverse effects are needed. Since many years ago in Iran, rose extract products are used in food production as jam and soft drink, and also in traditional medicine. The aim of the current research is to evaluate the effectiveness of preemptive prescription of rose extract in patients with elective cesarean sections (because of its little side effects) and compare its effects with placebo prescription. In a double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 92 patients had been studied in 2 equal groups. Group A were given rosehip extracts capsule and Group B were given placebo capsules. After preemptive prescription of Capsules A and B (15 min before anesthesia), the pain score was evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS) in varied hours after surgery in the ward, and then, the findings were analyzed. Analgesic drugs are needed for the palliation of post-operation pain. Total dosage of analgesics and the severity of pain in Group A at any time were lower than in Group B. There are no significant side effects in both groups. The initiation of breast feeding and its effects on newborns were same in both groups. According to our study, rosehip extract can be used in elective surgical patients without any significant side effects in order to improve pain and it is a more effective product when compared with NSAIDS and opiates. Key words: Pain, rosehip extract, elective cesareans.

Study of cytotoxic properties of Rosa damascena extract in human cervix carcinoma cell line

Objective: Cancer is a major health problem worldwide and current therapies for cancer are often limited by short-term efficacy due to drug resistance. There has been much interest in the use of naturally occurring compounds with chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic properties in the treatment of cancers. Rose is one of the most important groups of ornamental plants which their fruits and flowers are used in a wide variety of foods, nutritional products and different traditional medicines. Material and methods: In this study cytotoxic effect of Rosa damascena extract was evaluated on HeLa cell line. HeLa cells were cultured in DMEM medium and incubated with different concentrations of Rosa damascene (R. damascene) extract. Cell viability was quantitated by MTT assay. Results: Rosa decreased cell viability in malignant cells in a concentration and time dependent manner. The IC50 values against HeLa were determined as 2135, 1540 and 305.1 µg.ml-1 after 24, 48 and 72h, respectively. Conclusion: It might be concluded that R. damascena could cause cell death in HeLa cells which could be also considered as a promising chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment in future.

Antimicrobial Effect of Rosa Damascena Extract on Selected Endodontic Pathogens

The purpose of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of a plant-derived extract (2 percent Rosa damascena extract) with 5.25 percent sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2 percent chlorhexidine (CHX) on selected endodontic pathogens. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2 percent rose extract and 2 percent CHX for test microorganisms, except F. nucleatum, were lower than that of 5.25 percent NaOCl. All solutions were able to kill all test microorganisms after one minute.

Inhibitory effect of methanol extract of Rosa damascena Mill. flowers on α-glucosidase activity and postprandial hyperglycemia in normal and diabetic rats

The effect of a methanol extract of Rosa damascena Mill. flowers was studied, in comparison to the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose, in normal and diabetic rats. The inhibition mode of this extract was examined by measuring enzyme activity in different concentrations of substrate for Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis. The results show that Rosa damascena extract has an intensive inhibitory effect on alpha-glucosidase. Its inhibition was found to be noncompetitive. Oral administration of this plant extract (100 to 1000 mg/kg body wt.) significantly decreased blood glucose after maltose loading in normal and diabetic rats in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that Rosa damascena might exert an anti-diabetic effect by suppressing carbohydrate absorption from the intestine and can reduce the postprandial glucose level.