Root Resorption Of Adjacent Teeth Research Articles

The assesment of pattern of maxillary canine impaction in the Ardabil city

Background & Objective: Impacted teeth are one of the most common reasons for visit- ing dentists and maxillofacial surgeons. During clinical and radiographic examinations and evalu- ations, the dentist sometimes realizes that the patient’s problem is due to the impaction of one or more teeth. Therefore, it is necessary for every dentist to make the necessary and correct decision for the treatment of such teeth. One of the best ways to diagnose impacted teeth is first of all the absence of that tooth in the desired location and clinical evaluation of the patient and secondly to check the radiographic view of the desired area. Impacted teeth can be the source of many prob- lems for various reasons, so in most cases, their extraction is recommended. Knowing how to place the impacted tooth and determining its type and other characteristics of the impaction can help the dentist in choosing the appropriate treatment-surgical method and also prevent complications during surgery. Proper and timely diagnosis of impaction as well as determining its position (buc- cal-palatal-intermediate) in the jawbone can reduce damage to adjacent structures and also affect the treatment plan. Because accurate detection of impacted tooth positions is possible with radiog- raphy, the most accurate radiograph to examine the impacted tooth is cbct images. Therefore, due to possible occlusion injuries and the effect of occlusion pattern on the treatment of these teeth, it is important to study the types of impaction patterns. Therefore, this study was presented with the aim of investigating the impaction pattern of maxillary canine teeth in Ardabil with cbct archive.
 Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, CBCT images of 239 patients who met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. Due to the lack of statistics, due to the lack of statistics of maxillary impacted canine teeth in Ardabil, the counting method was used for sampling and stereotypes were identified as maxillary impacted canine teeth as the sample size. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS24 software.
 Results: Among the impacted canine teeth studied, 63.2% had palatal, 17.5% buccal and 19.3% had intermediate pattern. Also, 11.2% had damage to adjacent structures and 88.8% had no damage to adjacent structures. Among the types of damage to adjacent structures, 46.9% caused root re- sorption of the first premolars, 34.5% caused root canal resorption, and 18.6% had other damage to adjacent structures. Of these, 50.4% had root curvature and 49.6% had no root curvature, of which 12.1% had severe curvature, 38.7% had mild curvature and 49.2% had severe curvature. Also, the average angle of the incised canine to the lateral incisor was 41.7%. 9% of impacted canine teeth had a root resorption of lateral incisors and 9% did not have a root resorption of lateral incisors.
 Conclusion: Dentists should treat cases such as maxillary latent canine such as: Examine the occlusion pattern, angle to adjacent teeth, damage to adjacent structures, curvature of the incised canine root, and root resorption of adjacent teeth.

Decompression and enucleation of a large dentigerous cyst in the mandible angle – a case report

Dentigerous cyst is the most prevalent lesion of odontogenic origin, commonly radiographically diagnosed, between the second and fourth decades of life, with a predilection for the male sex. The treatment of choice is enucleation; however, decompression is indicated for cysts that reach large proportions. The most frequent complications are expansion and resorption of the bone cortex, facial asymmetry, root resorption of adjacent teeth, migration or delay of dental eruption and compression of the lower alveolar nerve canal. Objective: To report a clinical case of a dentigerous cyst adjacent to an impacted mandibular third molar, treated with decompression and enucleation. Case report: A 39-year-old male, attended the Stomatology service with a history of a radiographic finding in the mandible. At the radiopraghic evaluation, it was possible to observe a radiolucent unilocular cystic tumor lesion, well delimited by a radiopaque, asymptomatic, intraosseous image in the region of the mandible right angle, extending from the left first pre molar to the left third molar, with the later included in a mesioangular position. The patient underwent a previous cystic decompression process, followed up regularly for 6 months, and referred for endodontic treatment of the left first and second molars to prepare for surgical enucleation and removal of the third molar. After removal, the material was sent to anatomopathological analysis, and the results confirmed the diagnosis of dentigerous cyst. The patient is being followed up without postoperative comorbidities. Conclusion: The chosen treatment allowed the maintenance of the teeth involved in the lesion, and mainly, the minimization of the enucleation procedure by previous decompression.

Evaluation of Maxillary Impacted Teeth and Their Relationship with Adjacent Teeth and Anatomic Structures with Cone Beam with Adjacent Teeth and Anatomic Structures with Cone Beam Computed Tomography Computed Tomography

Objective: This study aimed to examine the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of impacted maxillary canines and mesiodentes. Methods: This retrospective radiographic study was performed on 177 patients with 200 impacted maxillary canines and 12 mesiodentes. Using CBCT images, the unilateral/bilateral occurrence, presence of root dilaceration, mesio-distal and buccopalatal location, impaction condition, contact region of adjacent teeth, presence and degree of root resorption of adjacent teeth, dental follicle width, closest distance to the nasal cavity, nasopalatinal canal, and maxillary sinus were assessed. For mesiodentes, the types, follicle width, direction, and relationship with anatomical structures were evaluated. Results: No statistical relationship was found between (buccopalatal and mesio-distal) position of canine and root resorption of adjacent teeth (p = 0.171). A negative correlation was observed between age and follicle width (r = −0.145, p = 0.048). No mesiodens with enlarged follicle and root resorption of adjacent teeth was found. Conclusion: Given the negative correlation between age and follicle width, older patients with impacted teeth can be followed up by two-dimensional radiographs unless periradicular radiolucencies are absent. Otherwise, CBCT evaluation is required for early detection of pathologies and prevention of possible surgical complications.

Assessment of early prediction of mandibular third molar impaction by panoramic indices: A radiological study

Introduction: Mandibular third molar is one of the most frequently impacted tooth. The assessment and early prediction of the mandibular third molar impaction is of considerable clinical significance as it helps in early intervention so as to opt for its prophylactic removal. This reduces the risk of developing various pathologies like cysts, tumors, root resorption of adjacent teeth, pericoronitis etc, and also reduces risk of complications associated with extraction of fully developed tooth. The objective of this study is to compare different linear and angular measurements between the impacted and erupted mandibular third molar groups on digital panoramic radiograph and to assess the predictive validity of these panoramic measurements in mandibular third molar impaction.
 Materials and Method: 90 mandibular third molars were assessed using the linear and angular measurements made on digital panoramic radiograph. Mesiodistal width of mandibular third molar (MDW), lower eruption space- ramus (LES-R), lower eruption space- Rickett’s Xi (LES-Xi), alpha angle (α-angle), gamma angle (γ-angle) and gonial angle (Go-angle) were the measurements made. Space/width ratio 1 (R1) and space/width ratio 2 (R2) were also calculated. These parameters were compared between the impacted and erupted groups using Independent sample t-test and predictive validity with sensitivity and specificity of these parameters was assessed using ROC curve analysis.
 Result: LES-R, LES-Xi, R1, R2 and α-angle showed significant statistical difference between the impacted and erupted groups. R1 followed by R2, LES-R showed good predictive validity and LES-Xi showed fair predictive validity in mandibular third impaction.
 Conclusion: Decrease in lower eruption space, space/width ratio and increase in the mandibular third molar angulation favor impaction of the mandibular third molar. Among different panoramic linear and angular measurements, R1, R2 and LES-R can prove to be a relatively good predictor for mandibular third molar impaction.

Prevalence and Pattern of Canine Impaction and Its Associated Anomalies among Orthodontic Patients Attending Tertiary Care Dental Hospital in Kathmandu

Introduction: Permanent canines are considered as the cornerstone of mouth. Canines are important for esthetics and function as they are located in the anterior segment of the mouth and help in tearing of food. An impacted tooth is that tooth that cannot or will not erupt into its normal functional occlusion due to some circumstances. Those impacted tooth are considered pathologic as they might lead to various problems like resorption of roots of adjacent teeth, cystic formation, and infection with partial eruption leading to pain and trismus.
 Materials & Method: All the patients (550) being treated in department of Orthodontics in Nepal Medical College from January 2017 to December 2019 were included in the study. Patients aged 13-30 years were included in the study. Clinical examinations and panoramic radiographs of patients were taken. Anterior occlusal view was done in those patients having canine impaction to determine the patterns of impaction. Data was processed in SPSS version 16.0.
 Result: Among 550 orthodontic patients, 31 patients were found to have canine impaction. Among them 18 (58.1%) were females and 13 (41.9%) were males. The overall prevalence of canine impaction was found to be 5.6%. Various dental anomalies were observed in the participants’ radiographs, the most common being the retained deciduous teeth (54.8%) followed by dilacerations of adjacent teeth (51.6%). Peg shaped lateral incisors and root resorption of adjacent tooth were almost equal (22.6%) with least being the odontomas and other impacted teeth.
 Conclusion: The prevalence of canine impaction in tertiary care dental hospital in Kathmandu was found to be 5.6%. Patients with impacted canines also had other dental anomalies. Knowing the prevalence of impacted canines, will encourage the community to be aware about canine impaction and educate the population about the clinical implications and the importance of performing preventive and interceptive procedures.

CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST: OBSERVATION FOR 4 YEARS

A 61-year-old male patient was asymptomatic. In 2016, he sought a dental service for oral rehabilitation. Extraoral physical examination is not worth noting. Intraoral examination found dental absences bilaterally in the posterior region of the mandible. Panoramic radiograph and conical beam tomography showed a radiolucent, unilocular, well-delimited image, affecting the region of teeth 45/46 without causing root resorption of adjacent teeth. Aspiration punch was performed, and yellow-colored liquid was noted. Incisional biopsy was performed, and the histopathologic diagnosis was compatible with odontogenic keratocyst. A marsupialization was performed for 1 month, and the iodopovidone-soaked gasses were changed daily. After 3 and 6 months, the imaging examinations showed a significant reduction of the lesion accompanied by circumferential bone neoformation. Thus enucleation/curettage of the lesion followed by guided bone regeneration was performed. The patient has been under follow-up for 4 years, and the imaging tests show bone neoformation without signs of relapse.

MANDIBULAR PLASMACYTOMA PRESENTING WITH EXTENSIVE ROOT RESORPTION

<h3>Clinical Presentation</h3> We report here an unusual case of a 67-year-old female who presented to the Faculty of Dentistry at the University of Toronto (Toronto, Canada) with a primary chief complaint of a 2-month history of dull pain in her left mandibular tooth. Clinical examination revealed percussion sensitivity and buccal palpation tenderness of the mandibular left first molar. Panoramic, intraoral, and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging showed a well-defined, irregularly shaped osteolytic lesion in the left mandibular body, with directional external root resorption of adjacent teeth. <h3>Differential Diagnosis</h3> The radiologic differential diagnosis of a well-defined osteolytic lesion resulting in extensive, directional external root resorption includes benign neoplasms and cysts. Malignant neoplasms, such as multiple myeloma, would be an unlikely consideration. In this case, the radiologic impression was of a benign neoplasm, in particular, central giant cell granuloma. Ameloblastoma and odontogenic myxoma were also considered. <h3>Diagnosis and Management</h3> A diagnosis of plasmacytoma was made through histopathologic examination. A subsequent systemic workup revealed multiple myeloma. <h3>Discussion and Conclusion</h3> Although the occurrence of root resorption in multiple myeloma is rare, it has been reported in a small number of cases in the literature. The radiologic features of this case are presented to highlight this uncommon presentation.

Epidemiological, clinical, and 3-dimentional CBCT radiographic characterizations of supernumerary teeth in a non-syndromic adult population: a single-institutional study from 60,104 Chinese subjects.

This study was aimed to delineate the prevalence, clinical, and 3-dimentional radiographic characteristics of adult supernumerary teeth (ST found) in a Chinese non-syndromic, dental population. Medical records and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were utilized to identify adult patients with ST in a tertiary referral dental hospital between June 2012 and December 2018. CBCT scan coupled with 3-dimentional reconstruction was used to characterize the detailed location, morphology, orientation of ST, and their relationship with adjacent teeth and neighboring structures. All relevant information regarding age and gender of patients, morphology, and 3-dimentional topography of ST as well as ST-associated complications were recorded and statistically analyzed. A total number of 1149 ST was identified in 921 eligible patients screened from 60,104 subjects with the prevalence of 1.5%. Male patients outnumbered females with a gender ratio of 1.76:1. The majority of ST was single, located in the maxilla, especially the maxillary central incisor region. Most ST were conical shape, inverted orientation, and impacted. ST-associated complications including impaction or root resorption of adjacent teeth, and cystic/tumor-like lesions were totally found in 13% ST and significantly associated with location, orientation, and morphology of ST. Most ST in Chinese adults were conical, inverted, impacted, and located in the maxillary central incisor region, and associated with various complications. Our findings offer valuable information concerning the prevalence, clinical, and radiographic characteristics of ST in non-syndromic Chinese adults. These findings are beneficial for clinicians to comprehensively understand the incidence, pathogenesis, and clinical management of ST.

Delayed diagnosis of displaced and impacted canines – a prospective longitudinal study

Objectives: To assess the frequency and reasons for delayed diagnoses of displaced/impacted canines and to determine to what extent this causes complications. In addition, to assess whether any preventive measures were taken.Materials and methods: Patients with displaced/impacted canines that were diagnosed late; i.e. at an age ≥12 years, were consecutively collected during September 2015 to September 2018 in the County Region of Halland, Sweden. Additionally, patients who had undergone surgical exposure or extraction of an impacted canine during the same time period were identified.Results: Eighty-four individuals (58% girls, 42% boys, mean age: 13.75 ± 1.53 years) with 114 impacted canines were detected among 33,488 adolescents aged 12–20 years, resulting in a low-frequency rate: 84 cases per 100,000 persons. Eighty-six percent of the delayed canines were in the maxilla, the rest in the mandible. Deciduous canines were present in 80% of the cases. Most patients had a dental examination at 9–11 years of age but the position of the canine was not documented in many cases. Root resorption of adjacent teeth was noticed in 13% of the patients. No new clinical procedures or guidelines were developed.Conclusions: The frequency of delayed diagnoses of displaced/impacted canines was low. To minimize the frequency even more, documentation of the canine position during the dental examination should not be forgotten at ages 9–11. Presence of the deciduous canine can be used as a clinical indicator that the position of the permanent canine needs to be investigated.

Relationship between the Position of Impacted Third Molars and External Root Resorption of Adjacent Second Molars: A Retrospective CBCT Study.

Background and objectives: Impacted third molars (ITM) are the most commonly-impacted teeth. There is a risk for ITM to cause a number of pathological conditions, and external root resorption (ERR) of adjacent teeth is one of the most prevalent. Retaining or prophylactic extraction of ITM is a polemic topic. External root resorption of adjacent teeth is one of possible indications for prophylactic removal of ITM. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between external root resorption (ERR) on the distal aspect of second molars’ roots and positional parameters of ITM. Methods: Cone beam computed tomography scans of 109 patients (41 males, 68 females; mean age 26.4 ± 7.9 years) with 254 ITM (131 in the maxilla and 123 in the mandible) were retrospectively analyzed. Positional parameters of ITM (mesio-distal position, angulation, impaction depth, and available eruption space) were evaluated. The presence, location, and depth of ERR of adjacent second molars were assessed. Results: Analysis showed a relationship between ITM impaction depth, mesial inclination angle, and the presence of ERR. Mesial inclination angle of more than 13.6° increased the odds of ERR occurrence by 5.439 (95% CI, 2.97–9.98). ITM presence at the level of ½ of roots of the adjacent second molar or more apically increased the odds of ERR occurrence by 2.218 (95% CI, 1.215–4.048). No significant correlation was detected between the occurrence of ERR and patient age, gender, or the available eruption space in the mandible. Depth of ERR did not depend on its location. Conclusions: Incidence of ERR in second molars is significantly associated with mesial inclination and a deep position of ITM.

Učestalost patoloških promjena povezanih s impaktiranim trećim kutnjacima među kosovskim stanovništvom: ortopantomografska studija

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of pathologies associated with impacted third molars radiographically noticeable in a Kosovar population, as currently no data are available.Methods and MaterialsThis was a retrospective study of 5515 panoramic images of patients who visited the University Dentistry Clinical Center of Kosovo. Of these 5515 patients, 2368 were males and 3147 were females. The age range was from 18 to 77 years. We reviewed panoramic images in order to determine the number of pathologies associated with impacted third molars. The following radiographic lesions were recorded: caries of impacted teeth and/or adjacent tooth, root resorption of adjacent tooth, periodontal bone loss of adjacent tooth of more than 5mm below the cemento-enamel junction and an increase in pericoronar gap over 4mm.ResultsThe prevalence of pathologies associated with impacted third molar in Kosovar population was 29.5%. Root resorption of adjacent tooth had the highest frequency of pathology 307 (23.7%). It was followed by periodontal bone loss of adjacent tooth of more than 5 mm 71 (5.5%) and caries 33 (2.5%). The lowest was an increase in pericoronar gap 15 (1.2%).ConclusionThe most common pathology was root resorption, with the highest incidence of pathology localized in the maxilla 159 (32.3%). The prevalence of periodontal bone loss, caries and increase in pericoronar gap was significantly lower. The findings of our research could have an impact on development of prevention strategies that will proficiently deal with pathologies that result from impacted teeth.

Prevalence and risk factors of root resorption of adjacent teeth in maxillary canine impaction, among untreated children and adolescents.

The aim of this retrospective study was to assess in maxillary canine impaction cases both the prevalence of root resorption of adjacent teeth among untreated children and adolescents, and its associated risk factors. Sixty subjects (mean age 12.2 years; SD 1.9; range 8-17 years) with 83 displaced maxillary canines and without any past or ongoing orthodontic treatment were included in this study. The presence of root resorption was evaluated on images from a single cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) unit. Potential risk factors were measured on the CBCT images and on panoramic reconstructions of the 3D data sets. The sample was characterized by descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regressions were performed to predict root resorption. Root resorption of at least one adjacent tooth was detected in 67.5 per cent of the affected quadrants. It was found that 55.7 per cent of the lateral incisors, 8.4 per cent of the central incisors, and 19.5 per cent of first premolars were resorbed. Of the detected resorptions, 71.7 per cent were considered slight, 14.9 per cent moderate, and 13.4 per cent severe. Contact between the displaced canine(s) and the adjacent teeth roots was the only identified statistically significant risk factor, all teeth being considered (odds ratio [OR] = 18.7, 95% confidence interval: 2.26-756, P < 0.01). An enlarged canine dental follicle, a peg upper lateral, or an upper lateral agenesis were not significantly associated with root resorption of adjacent teeth, nor were age nor gender. Root resorption of adjacent teeth was detected in more than two-thirds of a sample of sixty untreated children and adolescents.

CBCT assessment of gubernacular canals in relation to eruption disturbance and pathologic condition associated with impacted/unerupted teeth

The aim of this study was to demonstrate the imaging characteristics of gubernacular canals (GCs) in impacted/unerupted permanent teeth and to determine whether these characteristics differ as a result of the presence of eruption disturbances or pathologic conditions associated with impacted/unerupted teeth. GCs were retrospectively analyzed by using cone beam computed tomography in 250 patients with 753 impacted/unerupted permanent teeth (105 males, 145 females; mean age, 21.09 ± 14.45 years; range 6-70 years). The rate of detection of GCs was significantly lower in cases with eruption disturbances than in those without eruption disturbances. An inverse correlation was observed between age and detection of GCs. Similarly, root resorption of adjacent teeth and resorption of impacted/unerupted teeth were associated with lower rates of detection of GCs. However, no association was found for widening of the follicular space. Regression analysis determined disturbed eruption pattern as the most important factor for the absence of GCs. The absence of GC may indicate a disturbed eruption pattern of the tooth and may increase the risk of complications related to impaction resulting in a tooth that is more likely to remain unerupted.

An Overview of Retrospective Studies on Distomolar Teeth in Turkish Population and 4 Case Reports

Supernumerary molar teeth rarely occur in the general population. Their presence particularly in the mandible is rarer. The present study summarizes some retrospective studies on Turkish population with distomolar teeth, presents four cases with mandibular distomolar teeth and the administered treatments. Clinically and radiologically accurate identification of teeth is essential to early diagnosis of distomolar teeth. Although supernumerary teeth occur asymptomatically in most cases, impacted ones may cause such pathological phenomena as pain, infections, diastema, neuralgiform pains, root resorption of adjacent tooth, or dentigerous cyst. Therefore, early diagnosis of these teeth highly matters for a successful treatment.

INCIDENCE OF MANDIBULAR AND MAXILLARY IMPACTED CANINES TRANSMIGRATION:A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Aim: We attempted to determine the incidence of transmigrant maxillary and mandibular canine teeth, assess pathological changes and treatment choices. Material and Methods: We planned a retrospective study based on panoramic radiographs and clinical re- cords. Transmigrate canines (TCs) were scanned in the panoramic radiographs. When a TC was determined, age and sex, presence of primary canines, radiog- raphic data from the adjacent teeth and treatment choice (extraction, orthodontic treatment or periodical follow-up) were taken from the patient’s records. Results: We found 8 TCs (4 in maxilla, 4 in mandible) in 8 patients (4 males, 4 females). The rate of transmigration was 0.08%. Three of TCs were in the right and 5 were in the left side. None of the TCs showed pathological signs such as expansion of the dental follicle around the crown, cysts, or root resorption of adjacent teeth. Conclusion: TCs are seen both in upper and lower jaws. Early detection of them can improve the prognosis and treatment outcomes. It also helps preventing the complications that may occur later on time. Keywords: Canine tooth, transmigration ALT VE ÜST ÇENEDEKİ GÖMÜLÜ KANİNLERİN TRANSMİGRASYON İNSİDANSI:RETROSPEKTİF BİR ÇALIŞMA Amaç: Transmigrant maksiller ve mandibular kaninlerin insidansını belirlemek, patolojik değişiklikleri ve tedavi seçeneklerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Panoramik radyograflara ve klinik kayıtlara dayanan retrospektif bir çalışma planladık. Transmigrant kaninler (TK), panoramik radyografta tarandı. TK saptandığında, yaş, cinsiyet, süt kaninlerin varlığı, komşu dişin radyograf i ve tedavi seçeneği (çekim, ortodontik tedavi veya periyodik takip) hastaların kayıtlarından alındı. Bulgular: Sekiz hastada 8 TK (4 maksilla, 4 mandi- bula) bulundu. Transmigrasyon oranı %0.08’di. TK’lerin 3’ü sağ tarafta ve 5’i sol taraftaydı. Hiçbirinde kuronun etrafındaki dental folikülde genişleme veya komşu diş kökünde rezorpsiyon görülmedi. Sonuç: TK’ler hem alt çenede hem de üst çenede görülebilir. Erken teşhis prognozu ve tedavi sonuçlarını iyileştirebilir.Zamanla oluşabilecek olan komplikasyonları önlemeye de yardımcı olur . Anahtar Kelimeler: Kanin diş, transmigrasyon

Impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines: an analysis of 3D radiographic imaging data.

Impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines differ greatly in incidence, etiopathology, associated anomalies, and treatment prospects, when compared to their maxillary counterparts. The aim of this study was to provide a detailed analysis of 3D radiographic imaging data of impacted mandibular canines. In a retrospective cross-sectional study, CT/CBCT data of 88 patients with a total of 94 impacted mandibular canines were analysed. Evaluated parameters included location, morphology, neighbouring structures, associated anomalies, the influence of those factors on mandibular canine transmigration, as well as applied treatment. Transmigration was found to occur in 40.4% of impacted mandibular canines. Transmigrated canines were located significantly more basally and horizontally angulated. Further, transmigration was significantly associated with a lack of contact to adjacent teeth and the canine's apex not contacting the mandibular cortical bone. The overall incidence of root resorptions of adjacent teeth related to impacted mandibular canines was 7.3% and was more likely, if the canine was lingually impacted. While about half of the non-transmigrated impacted canines were orthodontically aligned, half of the transmigrated canines were surgically removed. Monitoring was the second most applied treatment strategy for both groups, and no canines were autotransplantated. Root resorption of adjacent teeth and transmigration are commonly occurring phenomena related to impacted mandibular canines. Treatment often entails the surgical removal of the canine-especially in cases of transmigration. The findings emphasise the importance of early diagnosis and CT/CBCT imaging for further diagnostics and future research of impacted mandibular canines.

Cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of impacted mesiodens and central incisor as sequelae of trauma: A short case report

A supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of an extra tooth in addition to the normal number of deciduous or permanent teeth. Mesiodens is one of the common supernumerary teeth presenting in the midline between the two central incisors. The presence of mesiodens may lead to numerous consequences such as disturbance of eruption, crowding, displacement, root resorption of adjacent teeth, and formation of a cyst. We report here cone beam computed tomographic evaluation of mesiodens and impacted incisor in a young boy.

The effect of canine disimpaction performed with temporary anchorage devices (TADs) before comprehensive orthodontic treatment to avoid root resorption of adjacent teeth.

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the movement of impacted canines away from the roots of neighboring teeth before full-mouth bracket placement, performed by means of TADs to decrease undesired side effects on adjacent teeth. Methods: The study sample consisted of 34 palatally impacted canines, being 19 in the experimental group and 15 in the control group. In the experimental group, before placement of brackets, the impacted canine was erupted by means of miniscrews. In the control group, after initiation of comprehensive orthodontics, canine disimpaction was performed by means of a cantilever spring soldered to a palatal bar. At the end of treatment, volume of lateral incisors and canine root resorption were measured and compared by means of a CBCT-derived tridimensional model. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, bleeding on probing (BOP) and gingival index (GI) were recorded. Clinical success rate was also calculated. Results: The volume of root resorption of lateral teeth in the control group was significantly greater than in the experimental group (p < 0.001). At the end of treatment, VAS score, GI and BOP were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Based on our results, it seems that disimpaction of canines and moving them to the arch can be done successfully carried out with minimal side effects by means of skeletal anchorage.

Supernumerary teeth in the maxilla and mandible-an interdisciplinary challenge. Part 2: diagnostic pathways and current therapeutic concepts

Proper localization of supernumerary teeth is very important for the diagnosis, treatment planning, and prior to any surgical intervention. Traditionally, supernumerary teeth were diagnosed and located using two-dimensional (2D) radiographic methods such as panoramic views, cephalometric imaging, and also intraoral (also often occlusal) radiographs. With the introduction of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in dental medicine, this three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique is now more and more used for the exact localisation of supernumerary teeth and the diagnosis of root resorption of adjacent teeth. Treatment planning depends on various factors such as the time of diagnosis, the age of the patient, the position of the supernumerary tooth and possible complications. In the present second part of this review article on supernumerary teeth in the maxilla and mandible, the diagnostic workflow and current treatment concepts will be presented and critically discussed.

Impacted maxillary canines and root resorption of adjacent teeth: A retrospective observational study

BackgroundThe prevalence of impacted maxillary canine is reported to be between 1% and 3%. The lack of monitoring and the delay in the treatment of the impacted canine can cause different complications such as: displacement of adjacent teeth, loss of vitality of neighbouring teeth, shortening of the dental arch, follicular cysts, canine ankylosis, recurrent infections, recurrent pain, internal resorption of the canine and the adjacent teeth, external resorption of the canine and the adjacent teeth, combination of these factors. An appropriate diagnosis, accurate predictive analysis and early intervention are likely to prevent such undesirable effects. The objective is to evaluate, by means of a retrospective observational study, the possibility of carrying out a predictive analysis of root resorption adjacent to the impacted canines by means of orthopantomographs, so as to limit the prescription of additional 3D radiography.Material and Methods120 subjects with unilateral or bilateral maxillary impacted canine were examined and 50 patients with 69 impacted maxillary canine (22 male, 28 female; mean age: 11.7 years) satisfied the inclusion criteria of the study. These patients were subjected to a basic clinical and radiographic investigation (orthopantomographs and computerized tomography). All panoramic films were viewed under standardized conditions for the evaluation of two main variables: maxillary canine angulations (a, b, g angles) and the overlapping between the impacted teeth and the lateral incisor (Analysis of Lindauer). Binary logistic regression was used to estimate the likelihood of resorbed lateral incisors depending on sector location and angle measurements.ResultsResults indicated that b angle has the greatest influence on the prediction of root resorption (predictive value of b angle = 76%). If β angle <18° and Lindauer = I, the probability of resorption is 0.06.ConclusionsEvaluation of b angle and superimposition lateral incisor/impacted canine analysed on orthopantomographs could be one of the evaluation criteria for prescribing second level examination (CT and CTCB) and for detecting root resorption of impacted maxillary canine adjacent teeth. Key words:Impacted canine, root resorption, panoramic radiography, angulation, prediction.