Intensive Care Unit Room Research Articles

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE APACHE II SCORE AND THE NUMBER OF DAYS OF HOSPITALIZATION IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) AT HARAPAN INSAN HOSPITAL, SENDAWAR WEST KUTAI

The APACHE II score is a method for determining disease severity and assessing patient mortality in ICU. The result of measuring the patient's condition was obtained in the first 24 hours of admission to the ICU. Scoring is used to estimate prognostic risk factors for patients who can leave the ICU room in recovering or dying conditions. The length of hospitalization for patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is on average more than 5 days. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the APACHE II score and the range of days in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at RSUD Harapan Insan Sendawar West Kutai. The design of this study was cross-sectional. The sampling technique in this study used accidental sampling, and the research samplers were 30 respondents. The test instrument used the APACHE II Observation sheet. The results of the statistical analysis of the bivariate test using Chi-Square obtained a p-value of 0.757, which is greater than the alpha value, it means that there is no relationship between the APACHE II score and the range of days of hospitalization in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Harapan Insan Hospital, Sendawar, West Kutai. The Odds Ratio (OR) value was obtained at 0.786, which means that patients who have an APACHE II score were in a low category, and they have an opportunity of 0.786 times to have a range of days of hospitalization in the category of short hospital days. There is no relationship between the APACHE II score and the range of days of hospitalization in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Harapan Insan Hospital, Sendawar, West Kutai. The suggestions for hospital management to add beds in the ICU and the results of the research are expected to be guidelines for patient care in the ICU by using the APACHE II score and improving services in the ICU

Gene similarity examination Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Prof. Dr. dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah hospital using the ERIC-PCR method: case reports

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that has the potential to cause severe degrees of healthcare-associated infections, especially in immunocompromised patients who have AIDS, cancer, burns, and respiratory tract infections. Antibiotic resistance genes by genetic elements are increased so that it becomes a worldwide concern and also causes the evolution of resistant strains (MDR) ERIC-PCR technique is a PCR-based method in which the location and number of different ERIC sequences in bacteria are used as genetic markers of bacterial diversity. Case Presentation: We presented three patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection treated in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) room of Prof. dr. I. G. N. G Ngoerah Hospital. While being treated in the ICU, the three patients' beds were located side by side in one room. Three patients, in this case, reports were treated in the same room where the beds were side by side and experienced a worsening of their condition. After examination, it was found that the bacteria that caused the infection was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, after conducting molecular analysis using the ERIC-PCR method, there was no gene similarity between the three isolates examined. This might have happened because the patient had been treated in a different room before being admitted to the ICU. Conclusion: We presented a discrepancy between Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in three patients treated in the same ICU room. However, the ERIC-PCR results found no gene similarity between the three isolates examined.

Dysregulated neutrophil extracellular traps formation in sepsis.

The migration and antimicrobial functions of neutrophils seem to be impaired during sepsis and contribute to the dysregulation of immune responses and disease pathogenesis. However, the role of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) remains to be clarified. The study aimed to analyse sequential phenotypic and functional changes of neutrophils during the time following the diagnosis of sepsis. We prospectively enrolled 49 septic and 18 non-septic patients from the intensive care unit (ICU) and emergency room (ER) and 20 healthy volunteers (HV). Baseline blood samples from septic and non-septic patients were collected within 12 h of admission to the hospital. Additional septic samples were drawn at 24, 48 and 72 h after baseline. Neutrophil phenotype and degranulation capacity were assessed by flow cytometry and NET formation was quantified by fluorescence. Neutrophils from septic patients exhibited increased CD66b, CD11b and CD177 expression but displayed reduced NET formation at baseline compared with non-septic patients and HV controls. Neutrophils expressing CD177 interacted less with platelets, were related to reduced NETosis and tended to indicate a worse sepsis outcome. In vitro experiments revealed that neutrophil function is compromised by the origin of sepsis, including the pathogen type and the affected organ. Assessing a decision tree model, our study showed that CD11b expression and NETosis values are useful variables to discriminate septic from non-septic patients. We conclude that sepsis induces changes in neutrophil phenotype and function that may compromise the effective capacity of the host to eliminate pathogens.

Sinks in patient rooms in ICUs are associated with higher rates of hospital-acquired infection: a retrospective analysis of 552 ICUs

Sinks in hospitals are a possible reservoir for healthcare-related pathogens. They have been identified as a source of nosocomial outbreaks in intensive care units (ICU); however, their role in non-outbreak settings remains unclear. To investigate whether sinks in ICU patient rooms are associated with a higher incidence of hospital-acquired infection (HAI). This analysis used surveillance data from the ICU component of the German nosocomial infection surveillance system (KISS) from 2017 to 2020. Between September and October 2021, all participating ICUs were surveyed about the presence of sinks in their patient rooms. The ICUs were then divided into two groups: the no-sink group (NSG) and the sink group (SG). Primary and secondary outcomes were total HAIs and HAIs associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (HAI-PA). In total, 552 ICUs (NSG N=80, SG N=472) provided data about sinks, total HAIs and HAI-PA. The incidence density per 1000 patient-days of total HAIs was higher in ICUs in the SG (3.97 vs 3.2). The incidence density of HAI-PA was also higher in the SG (0.43 vs 0.34). The risk of HAIs associated with all pathogens [incidence rate ratio (IRR)=1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.50] and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections associated with P.aeruginosa (IRR=1.44, 95% CI 1.10-1.90) were higher in ICUs with sinks in patient rooms. After adjusting for confounders, sinks were found to be an independent risk factor for HAI (adjusted IRR 1.21, 95% CI 1.01-1.45). Sinks in patient rooms are associated with a higher number of HAIs per patient-day in the ICU. This should be considered when planning new ICUs or renovating existing ones.

Blood glucose and systolic blood pressure as predictors of hospital length of stay in patients with coronary heart disease

According to WHO, coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death. Blood glucose and systolic blood pressure were essential indicators for an effective prognosis. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between blood glucose levels and systolic blood pressure on the length of stay of CHD patients at Nganjuk Hospital in 2021. This study uses a quantitative approach with a retrospective survey method. The research has been carried out in the emergency department and intensive care unit room at Nganjuk Hospital by taking medical record data. The population of this study was all coronary heart disease patients from Juli until December 2021. The sample size was 164 respondents selected using a simple random sampling technique. The independent variables were systolic blood pressure (X1) and blood glucose levels (X2), while the dependent variable was the length of stay (LOS) in CHD patients (Y). Data analysis using multiple linear regression. The multivariate analysis results with linear regression showed a relationship between blood glucose levels (P value: 0.00) and systolic blood pressure (P value: 0.00) with the length of stay of CHD patients at Nganjuk Hospital in 2021. High blood glucose requires more intensive treatment to monitor and normalize blood glucose again and higher systolic blood pressure is associated with a shorter stay in the hospital. Patients with CHD can use blood glucose level and systolic blood pressure as a predictor of LOS.

Real-world comparative claims analysis of a novel single-branched aortic stent graft device versus thoracic endograft placement with extra-anatomic debranching/revascularization in zone 2 aortic disease

Background Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) involving landing zone 2 can require extra-anatomic debranching (SR-TEVAR) to ensure left subclavian artery perfusion, resulting in increased costs. A single-branch device (Thoracic Branch Endoprosthesis [TBE], WL Gore, Flagstaff, AZ) provides a total endovascular solution. Comparative cost analysis of patients undergoing zone 2 TEVAR requiring left subclavian artery preservation with TBE versus SR-TEVAR is presented. Methods A single-center retrospective cost analysis was performed for aortic diseases requiring a zone 2 landing zone (TBE vs. SR-TEVAR) from 2014 to 2019. Facility charges were collected from the universal billing form UB-04 (form CMS 1450). Results Twenty-four patients were included in each arm. There were no significant differences in the overall mean procedural charges between the two groups: TBE, $209,736 ($57,761) vs. SR-TEVAR $209,025 ($93,943), P = 0.94. TBE resulted in reduced operating room charges ($36,849 [$8750] vs. $48,073 [$10,825], P = 0.02) and reduced intensive care unit and telemetry room charges, which did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.23 and 0.12, respectively). Device/implant charges were the primary cost driver in both groups. Charges associated with TBE were significantly higher: $105,525 ($36,137) vs. $51,605 ($31,326), P > 0.01. Conclusions TBE had similar overall procedural charges despite higher device/implant-related expenses and reduced facility resource utilization (lower operating room, intensive care unit, telemetry, and pharmacy charges).

Relationship between sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and mortality in covid-19 patients with ARDS

Background: The WHO declared a COVID-19 pandemic on January 30, 2020. Five percent of all patients with coronavirus disease-19 symptoms are emergency and critical cases of ARDS by 49% mortality. The SOFA score is an assessment in intensive care unit patients to determine the level of organ failure.Purpose:The research aimed to determine the relationship between SOFA scores and mortality in coronavirus disease-19 patients with ARDS.Methods: This type of research was quantitative with a retrospective cohort design. The population was coronavirus disease-19 patients with ARDS in the intensive care unit room at RSUD dr. Moewardi in January-September 2021 with 485 people. Eighty-three (83) respondents were selected through the purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used the SOFA scoring sheet. Results: The study on the characteristics of respondents revealed that 57.8% were male, the average age of respondents was 57.31 years and 57.8% with comorbid diseases. The abnormal SOFA scores were 96.4%, 91.6% mortality. The Chi-Square test showed a p-value of 0.018.Conclusion: There is a relationship between SOFA scores and mortality in coronavirus disease-19 patients with ARDS. SOFA score could be used as a predictor of mortality in coronavirus disease-19 patients with ARDS. SOFA score scores can describe the patient’s prognosis, because SOFA scores have an assessment of all six organ functions such as respiration (PaO2 / FiO2), blood pressure, creatinine and diuresis, bilirubin, platelets, and GCS, so that it is effective in assessing organ failure.

A Primer for Students Regarding the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Operating Room Basics: Primer 5 of 7

A Primer for Students Regarding the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit and Operating Room Basics: Primer 5 of 7

Containment of a Verona Integron-Encoded Metallo-Beta-Lactamase-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outbreak Associated With an Acute Care Hospital Sink-Tennessee, 2018-2020.

Contaminated healthcare facility wastewater plumbing is recognized as a source of carbapenemase-producing organism transmission. In August 2019, the Tennessee Department of Health (TDH) identified a patient colonized with Verona integron-encoded metallo-beta-lactamase-producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (VIM-CRPA). A record review revealed that 33% (4 of 12) of all reported patients in Tennessee with VIM had history of prior admission to acute care hospital (ACH) A intensive care unit (ICU) Room X, prompting further investigation. A case was defined as polymerase chain reaction detection of blaVIM in a patient with prior admission to ACH A from November 2017 to November 2020. The TDH performed point prevalence surveys, discharge screening, onsite observations, and environmental testing at ACH A. The VIM-CRPA isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS). In a screening of 44% (n = 11) of 25 patients admitted to Room X between January and June 2020, we identified 36% (n = 4) colonized with VIM-CRPA, resulting in 8 cases associated with Room X from March 2018 to June 2020. No additional cases were identified in 2 point-prevalence surveys of the ACH A ICU. Samples from the bathroom and handwashing sink drains in Room X grew VIM-CRPA; all available case and environmental isolates were found to be ST253 harboring blaVIM-1 and to be closely related by WGS. Transmission ended after implementation of intensive water management and infection control interventions. A single ICU room's contaminated drains were associated with 8 VIM-CRPA cases over a 2-year period. This outbreak highlights the need to include wastewater plumbing in hospital water management plans to mitigate the risk of transmission of antibiotic-resistant organisms to patients.

The effect of portable air-purifiers in improving indoor air quality in pediatric intensive care units at two tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Background: A set of environmental preventive measures involving ventilation control within healthcare facilities is well established. Portable air purifiers have been introduced in recent years as one of alternative technologies used to prevent infection and other respiratory complications in indoor environment. Objective: To asses indoor air quality in pediatric intensive care units at two tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in the presence and absence of portable air purifiers.Method: Fine particles (PM 2.5) and coarse particles (PM10) were obtained using optical particle counter and microbial counts were obtained using Andersen air sampler from outdoor and two patient rooms in pediatric intensive care units. Pollutants levels reduction between outdoor and indoor were calculated and compared using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS Version 27.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) were utilized for statistical analysis. Results: In hospital A and B, non-protective environment room (NPE) had a significantly higher number of fine particles and total bacterial count (TBC) respectively than semi-protective environment room (SPE). Meanwhile, there was significantly higher reductions of fine particles (hospital A) and coarse particles, fine particles and TBC (hospital B) in SPE rooms compared with NPE room. Hospital-A had significantly higher reduction efficacy compared with matched rooms in hospital-B for fine particles, coarse particles, and TBC. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that portable air purifiers have a great impact in the reduction of indoor air pollutants in PICUs including fine particulate matters and TBC in particular. Furthermore, ventilation systems equipped with HEPA filters along with portable air purifiers significantly reduce the levels indoor air pollutants of outdoor sources. Moreover, this study showed that newer and well-maintained HVAC systems play a significant role in controlling the levels of airborne pollutants.

Edukasi Pencegahan dan Pertolongan Pertama Demam Berdarah Dengue di Rumah

Dengue fever is a disease caused by the dengue virus where it is transmitted through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito which can attack both children and adults. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are found in tropical areas with high rainfall, this is because these mosquitoes breed very easily in areas that are stagnant water. Dengue fever has signs and symptoms such as fever, bleeding under the skin, heartburn and can even cause dengue shock syndrome and death in sufferers. This can be caused by a lack of knowledge about prevention of Aedes aegypti mosquito breeding and management of dengue fever. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide information about the prevention of dengue fever and the management of dengue fever in families of dengue fever patients who are treated in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) room of Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou hospital. The method used is face-to-face health counseling, lectures, questions and answers and discussions about dengue fever, prevention and management of dengue fever. Counseling using leaflets distributed to the patient's family. Before and after counseling the patient's family was given a questionnaire to assess the family's knowledge of the material presented. This community service activity went well, the patient's family was very enthusiastic and they are committed to implementing dengue fever prevention measures so that the current incident does not happen again.

PENERAPAN EARLY WARNING SCORE (EWS) SEBAGAI DETEKSI MORTALITY

EWS is based on an assessment of changes in the patient's condition through systematic observation of all the patient's physiological changes so as to avoid unexpected events in the emergency room or the Intensive Care Unit room. Patient deterioration can occur when the evaluation and implementation of EWS are not in accordance with the algorithm. This study aims to determine the results of EWS implementation as mortality detection. This type of research is quantitative with a quasy experimental method with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The sample used in this study were inpatients in the adult room with a total of 275 people taken by accidental sampling technique. Respondents who had been given the intervention continued with measuring early death using the Gross Death Rate (GDR). Based on the results of research and analysis of statistical tests that have been carried out on the application of EWS, the results obtained are a p-value of 0.028 (p <0.05) so that it can be concluded that the application of EWS has an effect on patient GDR. As early death detection, the intervention group is lower than the control group. These results significantly reduced the GDR and ADR in the intervention group compared to the control group.

Nurses' Perceptions of Infusion Therapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses were faced with challenges when caring for patients, safely administering intravenous (IV) medications and solutions, and protecting themselves from the virus. To address these challenges, nurses moved infusion pumps outside of intensive care unit (ICU) rooms of patients with COVID-19 to minimize their exposure to the virus, conserve personal protective equipment, and efficiently administer IV medications and solutions. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore and describe nurses' perception of managing infusion pumps outside the ICU rooms of patients with COVID-19 at 6 acute care hospitals. Eight interviews were conducted with ICU nurse managers, assistant nurse managers, clinical nurses, and vascular access team staff. From the interviews, the overarching theme was "figure out a way," with the subtheme "no clear-cut policy." Additional themes were: (1) limiting nurses' exposure, (2) increased risk for infection and error, (3) teamwork, and (4) roller coaster of emotions. The findings from this study revealed that, during this unprecedented pandemic, nurses were innovative and figured out a way to care for patients who were critically ill with COVID-19. Understanding this experience provides insight into creating policies and procedures to guide patient care in future pandemics or emergency care.

Simulation-Based Study for Healing environment in intensive care units: enhancing daylight and access to view, optimizing an ICU room in temperate climate, the case study of Palestine.

The quality of the healthcare in intensive care unit (ICU) is directly influenced by its design. Daylight and access to the outside views are key factors to improve the healing environment for patients and working conditions for healthcare providers. In addition, augmenting the use of natural light not only helps with sustainable solutions, but also reduces energy costs. Beside the geographic location, natural lighting in any space is affected mainly by five parameters: window orientation, window level, window to wall ratio, walls light reflectance and the used shading device. This study aims to optimize these parameters using DesignBuilder software to achieve the optimal daylighting while minimizing the heating and cooling loads without restricting patients’ access to view. The results show that the South was the optimum orientation. 2.5 m was the optimum window lintel level height. Furthermore, the shading device’s type and depth differed according to window orientation.

Numerical investigation of indoor air quality in health care facilities: A case study of an intensive care unit

The risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is higher in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and high dependency units (HDU). Currently, most ventilation studies focus on specialized areas, mainly isolation rooms and operating rooms. This paper focuses on the ventilation of multiple-bed hospital wards in developing countries. This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation to model and investigate airflow and the spread of pollutants. The study aims to investigate ICUs with various ventilation system designs. These predicted behaviors and characteristics were compared numerically to determine compliance with the requirements of airflow patterns, airborne contaminant distribution, and current international standards. The case study simulations were carried out using ANSYS Fluent simulation software as a solution tool. Three different ventilation systems, Vertical Laminar Airflow Ventilation (VLAF), Horizontal Laminar Airflow Ventilation (HLAF), and Temperature-Controlled Airflow Ventilation (TcAF), were modeled within five different designs to determine the most effective possible distribution of air inside the patient's room, based on different categories, primarily temperature distribution, CO2 concentration, and airflow distribution. The authors applied the TcAF technique in an ICU room, comparing the results of the proposed technique with those of other common techniques (HLAF and VLAF). It was found that TcAF showed the most effective airflow distribution around patients, isolating each patient from the others. However, the temperature distribution was excluded from the ASHRAE standard. HLAF with two exhausts is the most suitable option, with a lower CO2 concentration than the alternatives and a temperature that meets ASHRAE standards.

Experience of Patients Who Have Been Introduced with Ventilators in The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Sumedang Regional General Hospital in 2019

Introduction: The complexity of the problems experienced by patients who are installed on ventilators, health workers, especially nurses, need to provide comprehensive nursing care and improve caring attitudes in patients with critical l conditions who are attached to ventilators. Objective: This study aims to dig deeper into the experience of patients who have been installed on ventilators in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Room of the Sumedang Regional General Hospital in 2019. Method: Design of the research method used is a qualitative method through a phenomenological approach with samples taken purposively. Result and Discussion: Analyst results a theme from the in-depth interview showed that the experiences of patients who have been put on ventilators include: 1) Psychological Responses: linu, feeling stabbed, thirsty, fear, sadness, between conscious and unconscious, added tightness, sleeplessness, feelings of hopelessness, confusion, between believing or not, unable to breathe, anxious, rebelling, nightmares, stinging, itch worried, upset, uncomfortable, tormented. 2) Patient Support: internal support: child and lukewarm, external support: Health workers (nurses). Conclusion: From the research that was found that the expressions of the 3 participants were appropriate and some were not in accordance with the theory / concept of patients who had been put on ventilators. So, a good, honest, and communicative nurse role is needed in meeting the needs of patients who are attached to ventilators holistically and plenary

Music therapy intervention in an open-bay neonatal intensive care unit room is associated with less noise and higher signals: A case-control study

Music therapy intervention in an open-bay neonatal intensive care unit room is associated with less noise and higher signals: A case-control study

Factors Affecting Sleep Quality of Treated Patients in the Intensive Cardiac Care Unit Room

Aims: ICCU (Intensive Cardiac Care Unit) is a special room provided in a hospital that treats patients with cardiovascular system problems. Sleep disturbance is one of the significant problems that occur in patients during treatment in the intensive cardiac care unit. Patients in the ICCU are at risk of experiencing sleep disturbances due to various procedures and monitor sounds, noise from communication between staff or noise, sleep disturbances related to lighting, complaints of pain and treatment procedures that occur in >50% of intensive care units. This causes the patient's healing process to be hampered. This study aims to find out factors affecting sleep quality of patients treated in ICCU. Methods: This research is a quantitative correlational analytic research approach cross sectional study, conducted at a Dustira Tk II Hospital in July-August 2022, the number of samples was 23 respondents. The instruments used included a questionnaire. Results: There is a relationship between pain and sleep quality with a Pvalue of 0.001. There is a relationship between the environment and sleep quality with a Pvalue of 0.006. There is no relationship between medication and sleep quality with a Pvalue of 0.097. There is no relationship between anxiety and sleep quality with a Pvalue of 0.082. S-regression analysis regarding the factor that most influences the sleep quality of ICCU patients is the factor of pain complaints with a P value of 0.036. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between physical complaints and environmental factors on the sleep quality of patients at the Dustira Hospital ICCU. The factor that most influences the quality of sleep is the factor of pain complaints.

Factors Influencing Parents' Perception of Their Infants' Transition From a 6-Bed Pod to Single Family Room in a Mixed-Room Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

While hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), infants and their families undergo multiple transitions, and these have been found to be a source of stress for families. Although mixed-room NICU designs allow for infants to benefit from different room types as their needs evolve during their stay, these can necessitate a transfer from one room type to another, which represents a transition for families. As some NICUs change to mixed-room designs, there is a need to better understand the factors impacting these particular transitions from the perception of parents. Examine parent perceptions of factors affecting the transition from a 6-bed pod to single family room in a mixed-room design NICU. Using a qualitative descriptive design, semistructured interviews were conducted with 17 parents whose infant had transitioned from a 6-bed pod to single family room. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and then analyzed using content analysis. Four categories of factors were identified: (1) framing, timing, and comprehensiveness of information provided by staff regarding the transition; (2) parents' perception of advantages and disadvantages of the new space; (3) parent's own well-being and quality of support from staff; and (4) parent's previous NICU and parenting experience. Staff should frame the information they provide about this transition in a positive way to help parents adjust. A family-centered approach should also be used to provide tailored information and support to individual families. Future studies are needed into intraunit transfers including sources of support for parents, as well as staff perceptions of these transitions.

Use of Earplugs and Eye Masks in Patients with Sleep Disorders in the ICU: Systematic Review

The stimuli that can come from the care environment and the development of the disease influence the quality of sleep of patients in intensive care because they can reduce the secretion of melatonin. In contrast, the noise and excessive lighting of the ward will influence a circadian rhythm, impacting parturient disorders (sleep disorders). Therefore, nursing interventions to improve normal circadian rhythms are needed to improve the patient's sleep quality. Wearing earplugs and eye masks is an important and logical way to prevent awakening from sleep caused by external stimuli. This research aimed to determine the effect of ear plugs and eye masks on sleep quality in patients in the intensive care room. The method used is the literature review. This article was taken from Google Scholar for the period 2014–2022. The search and selection procedure based on PRISMA led to the analysis of 20 articles. Results: Based on the analytical results of 20 articles, show that there is an effect of applying ear plugs and eye masks to patients with sleep disorders in the intensive care room. The author recommends the implementation of ear plugs and eye masks in ICU sleep disorder patients because earplugs reduce noise and eye masks function as eye masks so that the light does not directly hit the eyes to improve the quality of sleep in patients in Intensive Care Unit rooms.