Roman Culture Research Articles

Vestimenta drawing in use by the Romans

The study of the Pompeii clothes, representative of the wider Roman culture, is carried out starting from the graphic analysis of the classical iconography of the MANN (National Archaeological Museum of Naples) in comparison with historiographical sources, by means of the representation of the main patterns of women's clothing in use by the Romans and their respective decorative and chromatic motifs, also in relation to the fibres of which the fabrics were made. This study, which also makes use of data obtained from the photogrammetric survey of a selected number of textile finds belonging to the "MANN Textile Collection", provides an unpublished archive of the main clothing patterns, codifying in technical drawings (paper patterns) the unconventional rules that the ancient Romans at that period used to make clothing on the basis of knowledge, practical experience and customs (dressing rituals) specific to the culture of the time. The flat development of each clothing patterns is entrusted to the geometric accuracy of the paper pattern, is proportionate to the anthropometric measurements of the woman of the Roman age (female normotype) and represented to scale.

UNTARNISHED BOOKS AND VANISHED KINGS: NUMA, OVID AND ENNIUS

AbstractThis article argues that the discovery of Pythagorean volumes in Numa's tomb in 181 b.c. may have played a significant role in the conception of the meeting between Numa and Pythagoras in the last book of Ovid's Metamorphoses, since several features of this event integrate very well into the discourse at the heart of Book 15 on the Greek origins of Roman culture and literature, on the immortality of poetry, and on the relationship between poetry and power. The article further argues that Ennius’ Annals Book 15 may have covered the events up to 179, if that really was the year of Nobilior's dedication of the Aedes Herculis Musarum, and included the discovery of Numa's books in 181; and hence that Ovid may have used the Ennian account of this discovery as a model for the Numa–Pythagoras episode, appropriating the poetic and political meaning that it already had in Annals Book 15.

Microstructural Investigation of Some Bronze Artifacts Discovered in a Dacian Site Using Non-Destructive Methods

Dacian civilization flourished on the actual territory of Romania during the Late Iron Age and had its peak from the first century BC to the first century AD. They had intensive relations with Hellenistic and Roman civilizations. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate the origin of some widely spread artifacts discovered in the Dacian archeological sites. The present research is focused on two bronze artifacts (a bronze coin and a mirror fragment) found in the Alun-Piatra Rosie site and a silver coin found in the Ardeu site. Artifacts were investigated with nondestructive methods such as SEM-EDX for microstructural and elemental characterization, and the crystalline phases were investigated using XRD. Bronze coin proves to be an Istrian issue having an elemental composition of 75.0% Cu, 20.8% Sn, and 4.1% Pb, which corresponds to a structure of Cu grains mixed with Cu5.6Sn grains. The bronze mirror fragment has an elemental composition of 52.3% Cu and 47.7% Sn, which corresponds to a structure containing grains of Cu6Sn5 mixed with grains of Cu41Sn11. It has a smooth surface that was investigated with AFM microscopy, which evidences a Ra roughness of 51 nm for the patina surface and 33.7 nm for the clean metal surface, proving the high quality of the original mirror luster of the artifact. The silver coin was identified as a Radulesti–Hunedoara type meaning that it was produced in local Dacian metallurgic workshops. It has an elemental composition of 63.1% Ag, 25.3% Sn, 7.8% Cu, and small traces of P and Fe, which corresponds to a structure of Ag grains and Ag3Sn grains. Silver coins show that Dacians uses Sn as alloying element in their metallurgic workshops. Istrian bronze coin proves to be typical for Hellenistic or Roman bronze type with Sn content no more than 25% Sn. The bronze mirror fragment has an unusual composition that might be a result of al local metal charge elaboration with several Hellenistic and Roman bronze pieces as raw material and an extra Sn addition during the melting process. This material facilitates the polishing properties of the active surface that has a very low roughness even after 2000 years of ground resting and adherent oxides patina.

Hungarian-Romanian transcultural relations during the Middle Ages and the reformation

AbstractIt was in the Latin-language historical literature of medieval and Renaissance Hungary that the noble ideology was first formulated which has determined the discourse on Hungarian national and literary consciousness up to the present day. These chronicles, however, contain a great deal of information not only about the Hungarians, but also about the peoples who lived alongside them. Thus, Romanians are also important figures in this Latin-language historical literature. In the first part of this study we will discuss the depiction of the Romanians in Anonymus' and Simon Kézai's Chronicles, the Illustrated Chronicle and Antonio Bonfini's monumental work. In the second part of the study I will describe the influence of the Hungarian Reformation literature of the 16th and 17th centuries on Romanian literature. From a Hungarian perspective, the Romanian Reformation is worth studying because it is a clear demonstration of Hungarian “cultural imperialism” in the 16th to 18th centuries, so much so that Hungarian culture has been unable to repeat cultural export on such a scale ever since. This means that between 1540 and 1750 there was no other language into which so many Hungarian-language ecclesiastical works (catechisms, psalms, hymns, postulates, agendas, piety works) were translated as Romanian. In other words, no other culture has been so powerfully influenced by a Hungarian impact as was Romanian culture during these two centuries.

Beauty of Water Movement in Leonardo's Paintings in Renaissance

Tracing back to the period between the 14th century and to the 17th century, the Renaissance was started in Italy, with the essence of humanism, which means the reverence for the Greek and Roman culture. Leonardo Da Vinci tends to be the originator of the theory of waves. This article focuses on Leonardo Da Vinci's fluid flow-related work and thought, as well as the beauty of the spiral, as exhibited in his notebooks, letters, and artwork. From the standpoint of water whirlpools, pigtail patterns, and Leonardo Da Vinci's cardiovascular research, using analogies, case analysis, and literature analysis, the beauty of the Renaissance's blending of science and art could be demonstrated. In addition, from the perspective of the values or contributions that Leonardo Da Vinci left behind, the emphasis may be placed on the reverence and awe that Leonardo bestowed upon life, and from the case studies of Golden Horn in Istanbul and The Chateau de Chambord that Leonardo proposed, the cultural heritage's aesthetic value as well as architecture value could be recognized and fully protected.

… Quid sit Amor… •

AbstractThe paper examines the parallelisms in the poetic presentation of love as a phenomenon and Love as a divine figure in the fragments of the Aeolian poetess Sappho and in Vergil's Eclogues. Having shown the strong echoes of Sappho's opus in the Roman culture of Vergil's time, the research focuses on analogies at the semantic and expressive level. The two poets share a vision of love/Love as a deeply destructive force, which threatens human existence – a vision introduced by Hesiod – but they also share some refined models of sublimating that destructiveness. The paper particularly explores those models and the layering of thought that the motif of love acquires, thanks to them.

CTITORI ȘI BINEFĂCĂTORI AI BISERICILOR ȘI ȘCOLILOR CONFESIONALE ORTODOXE ȘI GRECO-CATOLICE DIN SCAUNELE SECUIEȘTI CIUC, GIURGEU, ODORHEI ȘI TREISCAUNE, ÎN SECOLUL AL XVIII-LEA ȘI PRIMA JUMĂTATE A SECOLULUI AL XIX-LEA

The issue of the history of the Romanians from the former Szekler seats of Ciuc, Giurgeu, Odorhei and Treiscaune and of the main identity institutions – the church (Orthodox and Greek Catholic) and the confessional schools that functioned under the auspices of these churches has been little researched. Benefiting from access to ecclesiastical and secular documentary sources, little researched, the present study aims to introduce into the scientific circuit information about the state of places of worship and confessional schools built by members of some Romanian communities with a small number of members, most of them living in ethnically mixed localities, with a numerically majority Szekler/Hungarian population. In these conditions, an important role was played by the solidarity of the Romanians living on both sides of the Carpathians, who we find among the founders of the modest wooden churches, and after 1785, also of stone, and of the confessional school buildings. This solidarity was also manifested between the Romanian communities in the area. When a Romanian community, with a larger number of believers, managed to build a new church, the old one was donated to neighboring communities with few believers, thus witnessing the phenomenon called “traveling churches”. Where communities with a small number of Romanians have not managed to maintain their church, we witness the acceleration of the denationalization process and, finally, the disappearance of these communities. Instead, where it was possible to save the Orthodox and Greek-Catholic churches and the confessional schools in the Romanian language, religion and school were the main factors promoting Christian teaching, religious education, Romanian culture and traditions, thus ensuring the perpetuation of the Romanian identity in -a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional area, in most cases refractory to alterity.

The principle of democracy and people's power in judicial law

In the modern era, only a political regime based on popular sovereignty, and the ultimate goal of which is the observance of the basic rights of the human person, can be considered democratic, as democratic. The sovereignty of the people, which is not aimed at the realization of human rights, necessarily leads to the free will of the majority. Full respect for human rights, in turn, is unattainable when the supreme political power does not belong to the people. The judiciary, as an organ of a democratic state, must be structured in accordance with both of these requirements. However, it should be noted that, unlike other state authorities, the judiciary has a notable feature. Although it is by definition the main guarantee of full respect for human rights, in most countries judges, with rare exceptions, are not elected by popular vote. In fact, the factor which unites the judicial power with the spirit of democracy (in the sense Montesquieu assigned to the word) is the outstanding attribute, the only one capable of ensuring the absence of suffrage: it is that public prestige, based on a wide moral respect, which in Roman civilization was called auctoriai. It is the legitimacy of respect and trust that causes people to judge. However, this special characteristic of judges, in the conditions of democracy, is essentially based on the independence and responsibility with which the state body as a whole, and the individual considered public agents, perform the political functions that the constitution, as the original manifestation of the will of the sovereign people, entrusts to them.
 Therefore, if we want to check how democratic the judiciary is, we must analyze its organization and its functioning, according to the fundamental requirements of independence. It is about the fact that the judiciary is generally independent when it is not subject to other powers of the state. In turn, judges are said to be independent when there is no hierarchical subordination between them, despite the multiplicity of instances and degrees of jurisdiction.

‘Consider yourself kissed’: Intimacy, Engagement, and Material Culture in Nineteenth-Century 
Middle-Class English Love Letters

Abstract The passage of the Postal Duties Bill in 1840 and the implementation of the penny post expanded the epistolary lives of English men and women, particularly the middle classes, overnight. The affordability of postage, the commercial boom in letter-writing appurtenances, and the increased social pressure for regular correspondence augmented and altered how individuals built all sorts of relationships, especially romantic ones. This paper relies on 45 case studies of middle-class couples’ love letters to examine the role of romantic correspondence, particularly during the life-period of engagement, throughout the nineteenth century. Correspondence collections are used to examine how couples negotiated and built intimate relationships as they progressed (or not) towards their nuptials. Not only valued for their written contents, love letters took on talismanic, fetishistic, and embodied properties representing their senders and the relationships they facilitated. Their comings and goings marked time, their length signified depth of feeling, and their presentation reflected intimacy. As romantic culture adapted to progressions in epistolary technology and assigned meaning to its various aspects, correspondence became a venue for individuals and couples to create and explore their emotional, sensual, and sentimental selves.

The Use of Machine Learning and Satellite Imagery to Detect Roman Fortified Sites: The Case Study of Blad Talh (Tunisia Section)

This study focuses on an ad hoc machine-learning method for locating archaeological sites in arid environments. Pleiades (P1B) were uploaded to the cloud asset of the Google Earth Engine (GEE) environment because they are not yet available on the platform. The average of the SAR data was combined with the P1B image in the selected study area called Blad Talh at Gafsa, which is located in southern Tunisia. This pre-desert region has long been investigated as an important area of Roman civilization (106 BCE). The results show an accurate probability map with an overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of 0.93 and 0.91, respectively, when validated with field survey data. The results of this research demonstrate, from the perspective of archaeologists, the capability of satellite data and machine learning to discover buried archaeological sites. This work shows that the area presents more archaeological sites, which has major implications for understanding the archaeological significance of the region. Remote sensing combined with machine learning algorithms provides an effective way to augment archaeological surveys and detect new cultural deposits.

First century B.C.E. in the history of Aegean Greece it was an exceptionally gloomy period. Between 88 BC and 31 B.C.E. Rome's first war with Mithridates took place on its lands, and later three Roman civil wars ended here. The article is an attempt to look at these events from a Greek perspective. It shows how the fighting Romans used

First century B.C.E. in the history of Aegean Greece it was an exceptionally gloomy period. Between 88 BC and 31 B.C.E. Rome's first war with Mithridates took place on its lands, and later three Roman civil wars ended here. The article is an attempt to look at these events from a Greek perspective. It shows how the fighting Romans used Greek human, financial and material resources, and what effects it had.

Latin in Modern Fiction: Who Says It's a Dead Language?: Aldous Huxley

Latin in Modern Fiction:Who Says It's a Dead Language?: Aldous Huxley Henryk Hoffmann Keywords ablative of means/instrument, ancient history, ancient Rome, aphorism, axiom, classical studies, comparative linguistics, deponent verb, derivative, gerund, gerundive, grammar, indicative mood, infinitive, jussive verb, Latin quotation, Latin reference, lexicon, maxim, motto, mythology, predicate accusative, predicate nominative, Proto-Indo-European, proverb, Romance languages, roots, semantics, subjunctive mood, syntax, system of cases, system of tenses, tradition The goal of my Latin in Modern Fiction: Who Says It's a Dead Language? (Wilmington, DE, and Malaga, Spain: Vernon Press, 2021) is to prove Latin's enduring "vitality" and importance by demonstrating how ubiquitous, conspicuous and "strong" it still is in modern Western culture. In order to do so, I bring to bear my long experience as a Latin educator and expertise in English philology on cataloguing, explaining and interpreting Latin quotations and references in a multitude of literary works by mainstream, mystery and western authors, written in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries and set in the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The quotations have been extracted from novels, short stories and plays that I have read over a period of about thirty years. The three areas of fiction constituting the main scope of the book are indicative of my major interest and preference, as well as the subject matter of my extensive researches, both prior and current, the former related to my already published books. The writers offering the most impressive contributions to the thesis are featured in the three parts of the main body; those with lesser input are listed (along with pertinent citations) in the Appendix. While E. Christian Kopff's amazing treaty The Devil Knows Latin: Why America Needs the Classical Tradition (1999) and R. J. Schork's excellent work Latin and Roman Culture in Joyce (1997) admittedly share some goals with this book, they hardly constitute any competition to it due to their significantly different scopes. The Latin references presented in my book, all listed in the Index (the size of which alone is a strong argument for the thesis), can be classified according to their theme or provenance into the following categories: literature, philosophy, history, mythology, [End Page 361] culture, education, religion, medicine, law, sciences, politics, military and others. The last category covers general, everyday expressions, which include most of the proverbs. The category that has collected the largest number of examples is, unsurprisingly, religion, and the authors that provided extensive or numerous citations of that kind include F. Scott Fitzgerald, James Hilton, John Steinbeck, Irwin Shaw, Morris L. West, Flannery O'Connor, John Updike, John Gregory Dunne, John Irving, Dermot McEvoy, Ellery Queen, William X. Kienzle, Joe Gores and Joseph Finder. While the legal phraseology is rather obvious—such references dominate primarily the entries on mystery writers—the category most interesting to Latin students is probably literature. In addition to some citations from Ovid and Lucretius, the reader can enjoy numerous quotations from Vergil (to be found mostly in the entries on Hilton, Thomas Wolfe, Julio Cortázar, Paul Levine, Ian Rankin, Larry McMurtry), Horace (Wolfe, Steinbeck, Emerson Hough) and Catullus (Aldous Huxley, Wolfe). Of interest should also be the references to other famous names related to ancient Rome, such as Marcus Tullius Cicero, a statesman, lawyer and scholar who has been quoted by Paul Levine, and Publius Cornelius Tacitus, a historian and politician admired, ad nauseam, by a character in Paul Horgan's novel A Distant Trumpet. The prospective readers of the book include all Latin students and educators; consequently, it should be sought out by practically all educational institutions worldwide. Here, with the permission of my publisher, I reprint the entry on Aldous Huxley. ALDOUS HUXLEY (1894–1963) Born on July 26, 1894, in Godalming, Surrey, England, Aldous (Leonard) Huxley was educated at Eton College, an independent boarding school for boys, and studied English literature at Balliol College, Oxford. Deeply interested in philosophy, he started writing as a teenager, but his first published novel was Crome Yellow (1921). His other major novels from that period include Those Barren Leaves (1925), Point Counter Point (1928) and Brave New World (1932). In 1937, Huxley moved to the United...

Review: Making Christian History: Eusebius of Caesarea and His Readers, by Michael J. Hollerich

Book Review| February 01 2023 Review: Making Christian History: Eusebius of Caesarea and His Readers, by Michael J. Hollerich Michael J. Hollerich, Making Christian History: Eusebius of Caesarea and His Readers. Oakland: University of California Press, 2021. 316 pp. ISBN: 9780520295360. $95. Philip Wood Philip Wood Aga Khan University Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Studies in Late Antiquity (2023) 7 (1): 166–169. https://doi.org/10.1525/sla.2023.7.1.166 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Philip Wood; Review: Making Christian History: Eusebius of Caesarea and His Readers, by Michael J. Hollerich. Studies in Late Antiquity 1 February 2023; 7 (1): 166–169. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/sla.2023.7.1.166 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentStudies in Late Antiquity Search Eusebius of Caesarea was a prolific polymath. Writing in the aftermath of Constantine’s accession, he was the author of biblical scholarship, apologetics, history, theological polemic, and celebrations of the new Constantinian order (such as the Vita Constantini). He worked at a major cusp of Christian history, when Christian thinkers tried to sort out their new relationship to a state that had persecuted them in the very recent past. Michael Hollerich’s Making Christian History focuses on the significance of Eusebius’s work as an ecclesiastical historian and on his enduring influence on the genre of ecclesiastical history. Chapter 1 examines Eusebius’s Historia Ecclesiae (HE) itself. The HE can be read, in part, as the emplotment of a Roman civil war onto the biblical narrative of divine deliverance. But it was also a continuation of Luke-Acts, which saw bishops (and exegetes) as the successors to the apostles and Nicaea as... You do not currently have access to this content.

SIGNIFICANCE AND MULTIPLE VALUES OF THE RHOMBUS IN TRADITIONAL ROMANIAN ART

The purpose of the study is related to the identification and analysis of the significance and multiple values of the rhombus in the Romanian art, considering from its frequent perpetuation in the traditional art. Methodology. The study is founded by the application of direct-descriptive observation methods, exploratory methods, structural, comparative, culturological-historical, artistic, inductive and deductive analysis. The substantiation of the arguments was based on the multicriterial analysis of the bibliographic sources of reference published on this subject. Results. There were analyzed the interpretation of the subject in different bibliographical sources, analyzed the approach of the Rhombus from the oldest sources that attest its presence both as a synthesis of the form and as an ornamental element, there were analyzed the meanings attributed to the Rhombus as a representative visual identity element, there were analyzed the ways of visual representation of the Rhombus and were structured, it was observed and analyzed the presence of the Rhombus in the various pieces of interior textiles Romanian. Scientific novelty. The evaluation of the importance of the Rhombus for the intangible cultural heritage, of the frequency of finding the Rhombus in the traditional art objects, the awareness regarding the capitalization of this important element found in the traditional Romanian culture that denotes the arguments of the spiritual aspirations of identity. Practical significance. The practical importance is offered by the knowledge of the forms of representation of the Rhombus and of the meanings it denotes in one interpretation or another constituting reconnosable coded visual narratives. The paper presents the results of the study carried out within the State Program 20.8009.0807.17 REVICULT "Education for the revitalization of the national cultural heritage through the traditional processing technologies used in the Republic of Moldova, in the context of multiculturalism, diversity and European integration".

An unusual case of prone position in the Punic/Roman necropolis of Monte Luna in Sardinia (Italy): A multi-disciplinary interpretation of Tomb 27

Sardinia (Italy), noted for its wealth and strategic position, has been conquered through time by different populations and each one of them instilled their specific culture, ritual behaviour, and customs. Sometimes a clearcut distinction is evident between these cultures, while other times it is more of a natural progression with no marked moment of change evident. This study discusses a single grave from the Necropolis of Monte Luna, established by the Punic people, with depositional chambers and pits carved on a rockhill in front of the city settlement (Acropolis). Among the 120 tombs, Tomb 27 contained a young woman (T27.2) buried in an atypical prone deposition, having disturbed an earlier burial (T27.1), a subadult around 15 years of age. T27.2 suffered two distinctive types of perimortem trauma, a possible diastatic blunt force trauma to the occipital bone and a small quadrangular-shaped lesion reminiscent of a Roman era square shaped nail. The grave goods allow a quite specific dating to the period of transition between Punic and Roman cultures. These, and other characteristics of the young woman’s skeleton, are of significance in understanding funerary and cultural behaviour at the time of this transition.

Preliminary Soundings on the Roman Origins of the Juristic Concept «Possession»

When we want to know about the origins of the principle of possession as criterium to qualify the standing of defendant in the Roman civil procedure, we inevitably encounter source problems. This article traces a strain of antiquarian informations. Out of the examinations appears that vindiciae or vindicta had been ritual word denoting possession, and the Annalistic traditions around the tale of Verginia had had much to do with the problem. This cluster of traditions seems to have pertinence only to causa liberalis, but this is only for the reason that the vehicle of transmission was this procedure which had been differentiated from a common ritual. This ritual had been incorporated in the corpus of the Twelve Tables and had marked the birth of the civil procedure itself with those. Through the analysis of various versions of etiological myth for this ritual we can know also about what factors contributed to create this principle and this procedure and what it means.

Rzymski proces cywilny i rzymski proces karny Rzymian w ujęciu ks. prof. Stanisława Płodzienia (uwagi na marginesie maszynopisu BU KUL 1443A)

The Special Collections Department of the University Library of the Catholic University of Lublin preserves the legacy of the Podlasie-born Romanist Rev. Prof. Stanisław Płodzień. The author taught Roman and Canon Law at the Catholic University of Lublin in the 1950s and early 1960s. However, his promising career was interrupted by his sudden death in 1962. Among the unpublished materials he left behind is a script prepared for first-year students of canon law, entitled „The Roman Civil Trial”. This is a valuable find, since in the 19th and 20th centuries only two monographs on the Roman civil procedure were published in Polish. An analysis of the script shows that its author drew mostly on Leopold Wenger’s monograph „Institutionen des römischen Zivilprozessrechts”. It is from him that he took the idea of devoting a separate discussion to the differences between Roman civil trials and their criminal and administrative proceedings. The text included a subsection entitled “The Relationship between the Roman Civil Trial and Criminal and Administrative proceedings”. The author presented the peculiarities of all three types of proceedings in a factual manner, emphasizing that certain contemporary categories had already been contemplated by the Romans. Particularly noteworthy is the departure from the concept of dividing law into public and private based on the so-called criterion of benefit (utilitas). Rev. Płodzień emphasizes that the concept of state interest in Roman times was as vague as it is today. The narrative makes subtle use of modern civilist terminology.

Periferia ca supracondiție a existenței în literatură: Ileana Negrea și supraabundența identitară

The main aim of this paper is the analysis of how the multi-peripheral position in Ileana Negrea’s poetry is recontextualized in the geotemporality of contemporary Romanian culture, acknowledging her formation in a different language and through the reception and the application of feminist theories and praxis from other spaces, especially from the South American one, that are stratified and inserted in her texts. The analysis focuses on how the inflexion point of her marginal identity, gender-queerness-madness, is recomposed in the actual Romanian cultural and geopolitical circumstances and how her texts are perceived accordingly with these. At the same time, it will be explored how Negrea’s texts enrol in the world literature system via her registering in the worldly queer-feminist literary scheme.

Nobilimea romaneasca aradeana in veacurile XIX-XX. Familia Petranu de Ileanda – destin si istorie

In the labyrinth of discovering the past lives of the Romanian nobility, our thoughts have stopped on the longevous Petranu Family of Ileanda whose history of over 250 years of nobility raises new interests of deciphering a universe, anchored in traditions, spirituality, and Romanian culture throughout the ages. Old records mention that the Petranu Family of Ileanda was ennobled by the Transylvanian Prince G. Rákoczy, in 1650, for military services. Over the history, two of the members of this family marked the Romanian culture and spirituality. The renowned priest‑professor Dr. Ioan Petranu (1864–1904) was an author of school textbooks, a well‑known collector of folklore, a passionate philologist, and a researcher of the most important bibliophile documents from the parts of Arad. His son, Coriolan Petranu (1893–1945), a university professor at the Institute of Archeology and the History of Art from Cluj‑Napoca, was considered a pioneer in the field of Romanian museology. His prodigious activity was always driven by professionalism, conscientiousness, and visionary spirit. Over the time, he remains a model for us, the generation of today. We consider it appropriate, at the celebration of 130 years since he was born, to reinstate him in the pantheon of the Romanian nation, creator of new cultural and spiritual values.

Manele Music as a Marker of Collective Shame in the Online Discourse of the Romanian Diaspora in the United Kingdom

"This article charts the reception of manele music among the Romanian diaspora in the UK. Using a netnographic approach applied to an online diasporic community, it studies the replication of acerbic debates in Romania about the role of manele within Romanian musical tradition. It also shows how the racialization of the Roma and the rejection of manele as “inferior” music serve both psychological and political purposes for a community that has experienced a loss in status due to migration. Manele become thus the measuring tape of cultural taste but also markers of collective shame that separate the “good” Romanians from the “bad”. These power games need to be understood in the context of old dissensions among Romanian elites related to Romania’s uncomfortable belonging to the Balkans. They also represent a renewed contestation of Oriental influences in Romanian culture that threaten to disrupt Romania’s presupposed belonging to the West. Keywords: manele, Roma, Romania, diaspora, Orientalism, shame. "