Roman God Research Articles

Concerning Minor Roman Gods: Molae Martis

The article discusses the need for differentiation of Major and Minor Gods in the Roman pantheon. The focus is on the entourage of the Roman god Mars, which is traditionally considered among the minor deities. The author proposes several hypotheses regarding the so-called Molae: about the originally peaceful, protective nature of their functions; about their connection with agricultural cult and early incorporation into the cult of Mars.

Марсианские хроники «прекрасной эпохи»

The French literature from the late 19th and early 20th centuries that can be classified as “space fiction” centered on missions to Mars and making contact with Martians. The topic’s appeal stems from scientific findings of the time (particularly the so-called Martian canals) as well as the traditional symbolism of the Roman god who gave the Red Planet its name. All authors who wrote about Mars during the “Belle Époque” were inspired, to varying degrees, by the writings of the eminent astronomer Camille Flammarion (both scientific and fictional). The article delves into the specifics of how Joseph Rosnyaîné, André Laurie, Georges Le Faure, Henry de Graffigny, Arnould Galopin, Gustave Le Rouge, and Jean de La Hire interpret the Martian theme in their works. It is demonstrated that the use of traditional materials for popular novels is mixed with a desire to update popular literature’s narrative strategies. Thus, The Extraordinary Adventures of a Russian Scientist Across the Solar System by Le Faure and Graffigny, written between 1888-1896, contrasts the “intergalactic” theme, which was novel in French literature, with its archaic interpretation. The tendency to mix genres, to combine the “merveilleux-scientifique” (scientific marvelous) with Gothic and vampire literature approaches, as well as to augment the story with the occult component, increases. The so-called “martian duology” by G. Le Rouge, which lays the foundation for the poetics of horror – so vital to the 20th-century popular reading – is among the most significant literary works. The modernist bent is particularly evident in J. de La Hire’s 1911 book The Mystery of the Fifteen, which foresaw the rise of the superman hero, a new type of hero for the popular novel (however, this hero did not gain popularity in France).

The Seven Sleepers Tradition (Ashab-ı Kehf) in Afşin, Tarsus and Lice: Comparative Analysis of their Intangible Heritage

The present article analyses the Ashab al-Kahf tale and sites in Turkey and my analyses intersects the diciplines of the History of Religions and Religious Anthropology. The tale is a shared hagiographic tradition amongst Christians and Muslims which is widespread in many countries. The primordial Christian tale of Seven Sleepers which arose in the mid 5th century CE Asia Minor, flowed later into Islamic religion (Koran, sura al-Kahf: 9-26) but with some relevant differences. It is based on a historical episode occurred in the city of Ephesus during the reign of the Roman emperor Decius (mid 3rd century CE). Seven young Ephesians refused to sacrifice to the Roman gods according to the Decian edict, because of their Christian faith. To avoid the persecution, they escaped in a cave on the mountain Penayir Daghi. According to the Christian tale about two hundred years later God resuscitated them during the kingdom of Teodosius II. This miracle confirms the doctrine of the resurrection and the victory of monotheism upon idolatry. Beyond the Ephesian site which pertains to the Christian lore, we find three other existent caves concerning Ashab al- Kahf, the Islamic tale in Turkey. The ziyaret (visits) to Tarsus, Afşin and Lice caves highlight the Turkish Muslims’ popular religiosity since the Eshab i-Kehf sites encompass a variety of devotional rituals and traditions. Keywords: Seven Sleepers, Ashab al-Kahf, Sura XVIII, Afşin, Tarsus, Lice Caves.

A theological reading of the ‘welcome’ offered by God and Christ in Romans 14–15 using the Septuagint

AbstractThis article proposes a theological emphasis to the definition of προσλαμβάνω in Romans 14–15. Previous accounts have emphasised the domestic and social implication of Paul's imperative—‘welcome one another’ (Rom. 15:7a). The result has been that what Paul might have meant by God's and Christ's ‘welcome’ (Rom. 14:3 and 15:7b) has been governed by the ethical imperative. In order to investigate the ‘welcome’ of God and Christ, this article proposes a context of three important Septuagintal antecedents as yet unconsidered: 1 Samuel 12, Psalm 18, and Psalm 65: In this context, God's and Christ's ‘welcome’ in Rom. 14–15 incorporates notions of justification, election, salvation, and unified worship. A theological reading of προσλαμβάνω, using these intertextual resources, therefore provides a stronger position from which to understand Paul's imperative—‘welcome one another’.

Ianus Bifrons: The Two Faces of Metformin.

The ancient Roman god Ianus was a mysterious divinity with two opposite faces, one looking at the past and the other looking to the future. Likewise, metformin is an "old" drug, with one side looking at the metabolic role and the other looking at the anti-proliferative mechanism; therefore, it represents a typical and ideal bridge between diabetes and cancer. Metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanidine hydrochloride) is a drug that has long been in use for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but recently evidence is growing about its potential use in other metabolic conditions and in proliferative-associated diseases. The aim of this paper is to retrace, from a historical perspective, the knowledge of this molecule, shedding light on the subcellular mechanisms of action involved in metabolism as well as cellular and tissue growth. The intra-tumoral pharmacodynamic effects of metformin and its possible role in the management of different neoplasms are evaluated and debated. The etymology of the name Ianus is probably from the Latin term ianua, which means door. How many new doors will this old drug be able to open?

Silvanov kult na području istočnog dela rimske provincije Dalmacije / Sylvan cult on the eastern territory of the Roman province of Dalmatia.

On the territory of the eastern part of the Roman Province of Dalmatia, the cult of Roman god Sylvan mostly occurs in votive aras and votive reliefs. In one case, the cult representing young Sylvan occurs in a form of a bronze statuete while the other case refers to an epystole beam with Sylvan involved in a cult symbiosis with the genius of civitas likely to be dated in the period of Emperor Hadrian. All other monuments can be dated in a wider chronological period between the middle of the 2nd century and the 3rd century.

The Roman Destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem: An Intercultural Conflict between Pietas and Politics

Intercultural encounters in modern and ancient times carry the potential for conflict and it can be assumed that the mechanisms that lead to hostilities between different ethnic or cultural groups follow similar patterns. In the long history of ancient Rome conflicts based on religious differences were, in contrast to current times, the exception. It seems that one of those cases was the Jewish rebellion in 66-73 CE which resulted among others in the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem and the diaspora of Jews across the Mediterranean. The available sources on the conflict are contradictory. On one side they suggest that the Romans respected the religious feelings and traditions of the Jews but on the other side, after the defeat of the rebels, the temple and the city walls were razed. In the triumphal procession to celebrate the successful campaign, sacred objects of the Jews were presented as spoils of war.
 The present article aims to explore which of both perspectives is more representative of the ancient reality and what constituted the underlying patterns of the conflict. In order to analyse the available information, insights from the psychology of cross-cultural encounters are applied. It is being argued that the combination of the interpretatio Romana, the translation of foreign deities to the pantheon of Roman gods and goddesses, with the concept of pietas, the dutiful devotion to those gods, was a foundation that prevented for the most part conflicts based on religious differences in the ethnically and culturally heterogeneous Roman Empire. However, Roman and Jewish society and culture can be understood as antithetical concepts with almost no cultural links. In this fundamental state of opposition small and rather irrelevant events can contribute to the occurrence of conflicts that may be, due to the lack of commonalities between both groups, difficult to solve.

The problem of Armenia's integration into the Roman world in the post-Armenian period

The object of the study is the buffer zone of the Roman Empire, located between the ancient civilization and the barbarian world. The subject of the study is the history of Armenia during the reign of the Roman emperors Hadrian and Antoninus Pius (117–161), as well as during the Roman-Parthian war of 161–166. Based on the comparative-historical method of research, the authors examine in detail such aspects of the topic as Hadrian's refusal of further conquests and the transition to a defensive strategy of the state. At the same time, special attention is paid to Hadrian's pan-Hellenic project of creating a Hellenic commonwealth uniting all Greeks of the ancient world. The article also focuses on the consistency and calculation of the emperors' actions towards Armenia, which does not fit well with the view of the transition of the empire under Hadrian to the strategic defense of the perimeter of the Roman borders. The main conclusions of this study are that, starting with Hadrian, Roman expansion was not actually stopped, but took other forms (economic and cultural), which actually had to prepare the peaceful entry of this or that buffer territory into the empire. It is possible that in the Caucasus, and in particular in Armenia, the Romans planned to carry out this process in the form of Hellenization, based on the previous experience of adapting Greek culture to local traditions. This, in the end, inevitably led to the perception of already Roman gods by the alien population, familiarity with which was ensured by this Hellenization. The novelty of the study is that the authors considered Hadrian's Panhellenic project in the context of the above-mentioned processes and as an essential component of both internal and external policy towards the buffer dependent states.

Is it really Silvanus?

In research on the cult of Silvanus, the Roman god of forests andflocks and natural or agricultural prosperity, the province of Dalmatiaholds a special place. Within the province, the locality ofDanilo, located to the northeast of Šibenik, is also a place thatcannot be disregarded. One especially intriguing relief from Danilo,damaged and worn, represents a male figure in movement.The figure has horns on his head, long hair, a bearded face andhairy thighs, and it appears that the figure is either dancing orshown in some kind of movement to his left. In scholarly literature,the figure represented is always named Silvanus, as thiswas the way he was usually presented on the votive monuments of Dalmatia. Still, contemporary theoretical contextualizationof existing material (e.g. votive monuments, reliefs) is reliant oncomprehensive revalorization of (the predominant) data. In thispaper, I will offer a short overview of Silvanus’s representationsfrom Dalmatia. On the basis of that overview I will argue the realcharacter of the figure portrayed, and why this representationmight fit more appropriately into the pastoral scenes of Dionysiacmythology.

The Neglected Uterine NK Cells/Hamperl Cells/Endometrial Stromal Granular Cell, or K Cells: A Narrative Review from History through Histology and to Medical Education.

Reproductive immunology is at the forefront of research interests, aiming to better understand the mechanisms of immune regulation during gestation. The relationship between the immune system and the implanting embryo is profound because the embryo is semi-allogenic but not targeted by the maternal immune system, as expected in graft-versus-host reactions. The most prominent cell population at the maternal-fetal interface is the population of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells. Uterine NK cells are two-faced immunologically active cells, bearing comparison with Janus, the ancient Roman god of beginnings and endings. Their first face can be seen as natural killer cells, namely lymphocytes, which are critical for host defense against viruses and tumors. Even though uNK cells contain cytolytic molecules, their cytotoxic effect is not applied to classical target cells in vivo, playing a permissive rather than a defensive role. Their second face is crucial in maintaining physiological gestation-uNK cells show critical immunomodulatory functions with the potential to control embryo implantation and trophoblast invasion, regulate placental vascular remodeling, and promote embryonic/fetal growth. Therefore, we believe that their current designation "natural killer cells" (the first "cytotoxic" Janus's face) is misleading and inappropriate, considering their principal function is supporting and maintaining pregnancy. In this narrative review, we will focus on three lesser-known areas of knowledge about uNK cells. First, from the point of view of histology, we will comprehensively map the history of the discovery of these cells, as well as the current histological possibilities of their identification within the endometrium. To be brief, the discovery of uNK cells is generally attributed to Herwig Hamperl, one of the most influential and prominent representatives of German pathology in the 20th century, and his co-worker, Gisela Hellweg. Secondly, we will discuss the interesting aspect of terminology, since uNK cells are probably one of the human cells with the highest number of synonymous names, leading to significant discrepancies in their descriptions in scientific literature. From the first description of this cell type, they were referred to as endometrial granulocytes, granular endometrial stromal cells, or large granular lymphocytes until the end of the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s of the last century, when the first publications appeared where the name "uterine NK cells" was used. The third area of present review is medical teaching of histology and clinical embryology. We can confirm that uNK cells are, in most textbooks, overlooked and almost forgotten cells despite their enormous importance. In the present narrative review, we summarize the lesser-known historical and terminological facts about uNK cells. We can state that within the textbooks of histology and embryology, this important cell population is still "overlooked and neglected" and is not given the same importance as in fields of clinical research and clinical practice.

SOLAR GODS OF ANCIENT PALMYRA AND THE ROMAN SOL INVICTUS

The article deals with the problem of the association of the Roman god Sol Invictus and the solar gods of ancient Palmyra. The identification of this association is carried out on the basis of an analysis of the evidence of sacred art and numismatic material. The iconography of the solar gods of ancient Palmyra and Rome demonstrates similarities and differences between these gods. Images of the Roman Sol Invictus clearly indicate his military and state character. The Palmyrene gods were at the same time the gods of the sun and the gods of the plant world, also affecting the local sacred source.

Therapeutic Methods Used by the Ancient Population of North Africa

This article discusses the healing practices that the ancient inhabitants of North Africa used. Those practices developed from many attempts and experiments going back to the prehistoric period that were derived from the natural environment in which people lived, where they had accumulated knowledge. Plants and herbs constituted the main source of medicine, which included wild plants such as silphium and cultivated plants such as vegetables and fruits, along with magical practices and rituals such as carrying amulets and talismans, reciting incantations, cauterizing, and using blessed soil and blood. The ancient population of North Africa attributed the cause of some diseases to the wrath of the gods and spirits. Patients were obliged to gain their sympathy and receive their blessing in order to regain their health, through some offerings and supplications. They form the basis of therapeutic prescriptions, promoted by the god of healing Eshmoun, who was brought by the Phoenicians to the ancient Maghreb, and parallels the Roman god Aesculapius, along with the goddess Hygia and the local Libyan god Macurgum. Mineral baths also played an important role in healing. Although the oldest evidence for the use of its hot mineral baths dates to the Roman period, that does not negate its use by the local population earlier. Stones and minerals, such as salt, vermilion stone, and hematite, along with sea sponges were also used to relieve health problems.

Anesthesia and the Classics: Essays on Avatars of Professional Values

Anesthesia and the Classics: Essays on Avatars of Professional Values

Western Civilization in View of Sheikh Muhammad Wadeh Al-Rasheed Al-Hasani Al-Nadawi

Western civilization as described by many scholars is a civilization accused of exploitation and duplicity. The reality is colonialism, distortion, and forgery. Western thought, which originated in the hands of Pagan Greece and the worship of the Roman God Caesar, then tainted its legacy with the distorted myths of Judaism and the concepts of Christianity. Today, it has become a global thought, and it is trying to impose its influence on all the people in general and on the Islamic nation in particular. Thus, the Islamic nation should have done today a comparative study between the Arab-Islamic civilization and the European civilization and try to know the realities of the two civilizations and determine its position on Western civilization and Western thought, and not be far from the Arab spirit and innate characteristics.
 Allah the Almighty blessed the Islamic nation with many jealous Islamic scholars to carry out this responsibility, so they criticized Western civilization and thought, exposed its falsity, and called on people to resist it and protect their souls from assimilating into it. The prominent Islamic scholar, Sheikh Muhammad Wadeh Al-Rashid Al-Hasani Al-Nadawi(1935-2019 AD.) belongs to this group. He analysed Western thought and its materialistic philosophy in a scientific way and proved with evidence that it is a civilization of exploitation and dualism, and human feeling is missing in this civilization. He published articles in this field in Al-Raid newspaper and Al-Baath Al-Islami magazine (both are published in Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama, Luknow). The Islamic Scientific Academy in Lucknow collected some of these articles and printed them as a book in 2012 AD. entitled 'To a New World Order'. In this article, humble efforts have been made to study the book and analyse it to understand the facts raised by Sheikh Muhammad Wadeh Al-Rashid Al-Hasani Al-Nadawi in an objective manner.

The Emergence and Properties of Selectively Fluorinated 'Janus' Cyclohexanes.

This account describes the evolution of a research programme that started by linking fluoromethylene (-CHF-) groups along aliphatic chains and then progressing to alicyclic rings with contiguous fluorine atoms. Different stereoisomers of aliphatic chains tend to adopt low polarity conformations. In order to force polar conformations, the programme began to address ring systems and in particular cyclohexanes, to restrain conformational freedom and co-aligned C-F bonds. The flagship molecule, all-cis-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexafluorocyclohexane 7, emerged to be the most polar aliphatic compound recorded. The polarity arises because there are three co-aligned triaxial C-F bonds and the six fluorines occupy one face of the ring. Conversely the electropositive hydrogens occupy the other face. These have been termed Janus face cyclohexanes after the Roman god with two faces. The review outlines progress by our group and others in preparing derivatives of the parent cyclohexane 7, in order to explore properties and potential applications of these Janus cyclohexanes.

Blown Away: Extreme Wind Events Impact Grass Mortality

Understanding extremes in ecological change is critical given the anticipated increasing frequency of such events. This is especially true when extreme events trigger transitions to alternative stable states, as in drylands that have seen conversion from grass- to shrub-dominated states. We examined the responses of a Chihuahuan Desert community after record winds in 2019 killed grasses and reduced greenness. We argue that wind has two faces like Janus, aptly the Roman god of transitions, because it participates in change as both a forcing and a feedback and that, similarly, other types of extremes can alter the character of ecological interactions. Photo 1. Record-breaking wind in southern New Mexico in the spring of 2019 had major impacts on grass at the Jornada Long Term Ecological Research site in Las Cruces, New Mexico. The exposed roots of two Sporobolus spp. grasses are a result of these storms. Photo credit: G.S. Okin. Photo 2. In some cases, grasses, like the one on the left in this image, were able to green up following rain in the early summer. Other grasses appear to have been killed by the root exposure and sandblasting that occurred during the extreme wind events in the spring of 2019. Photo credit: G.S. Okin. Photo 3. UCLA undergraduate, Sarah Payne (shown here indicating the extent of root exposure on a native bunchgrass), conducted an NSF-supported summer research project that resulted in a publication of an article in Ecology. Photo credit: G.S. Okin. These photographs illustrate the article “The two faces of Janus: Processes can be both exogenous forcings and endogenous feedbacks with wind as a case study” by Sarah A. R. Payne, Gregory S. Okin, Abinash Bhattachan, and Michael R. Fischella published in Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.3998

The two faces of Janus: Processes can be both exogenous forcings and endogenous feedbacks with wind as a case study.

Janus is the Romangod of transitions. In many environments, state transitions are an important part of our understanding of ecological change. These transitions are controlled by the interactions between exogenous forcing factors and stabilizing endogenous feedbacks. Forcing factors and feedbacks are typically considered to consist of different processes. We argue that during extreme events, a process that usually forms part of a stabilizing feedback can behave as a forcing factor. And thus, like Janus, a single process can have two faces. The case explored here pertains to state change in drylands where interactions between wind erosion and vegetation form an important feedback that encourages grass-to-shrub state transitions. Wind concentrates soil resources in shrub-centered fertile islands, removes resources through loss of fines to favor deep-rooted shrubs, and abrades grasses' photosynthetic tissue, thus further favoring the shrub state that, in turn, experiences greater aeolian transport. This feedback is well documented but the potential of wind to act also as a forcing has yet to be examined. Extreme wind events have the potential to act like other drivers of state change, such as drought and grazing, to directly reduce grass cover. This study examines the responses of a grass-shrub community after two extreme wind events in 2019 caused severe deflation. We measured grass cover and root exposure due to deflation, in addition to shrub height, grass patch size, and grass greenness along 50-m transects across a wide range of grass cover. Root exposure was concentrated in the direction of erosive winds during the storms and sites with low grass cover were associated with increased root exposure and reduced greenness. We argue that differences between extreme, rare wind events and frequent, small wind events are significant enough to be differences in kind rather than differences in degree allowing extreme winds to behave as endogenous forcings and common winds to participate in an endogenous stabilizing feedback. Several types of state change in other ecological systems in are contextualized within this framework.

Introduction to the SRL Focus Section on the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai Eruption

Research Article| January 25, 2023 Introduction to the SRL Focus Section on the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha’apai Eruption Margaret Hellweg; Margaret Hellweg * 1Berkeley Seismology Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. *Corresponding author: peggy@seismo.berkeley.edu Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Stephen Arrowsmith; Stephen Arrowsmith 2Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-0363 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Hugo Delgado; Hugo Delgado 3Departamento de Vulcanologia, Instituto de Geofisica, Coyoacan, Mexico https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5263-7968 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar James Gridley; James Gridley 4National Tsunami Warning Center, Palmer, Alaska, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Ronan Joseph Le Bras; Ronan Joseph Le Bras 5Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization, Wien, Austria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-6938 Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Daniel McNamara; Daniel McNamara 6Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Steven Sherburn Steven Sherburn 7Data Science and Geohazards Monitoring Department, GNS Science, Taupo, New Zealand Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Author and Article Information Margaret Hellweg * 1Berkeley Seismology Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, U.S.A. Stephen Arrowsmith https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9150-0363 2Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, U.S.A. Hugo Delgado https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5263-7968 3Departamento de Vulcanologia, Instituto de Geofisica, Coyoacan, Mexico James Gridley 4National Tsunami Warning Center, Palmer, Alaska, U.S.A. Ronan Joseph Le Bras https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2439-6938 5Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty Organization, Wien, Austria Daniel McNamara 6Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A. Steven Sherburn 7Data Science and Geohazards Monitoring Department, GNS Science, Taupo, New Zealand *Corresponding author: peggy@seismo.berkeley.edu Publisher: Seismological Society of America First Online: 25 Jan 2023 Online ISSN: 1938-2057 Print ISSN: 0895-0695 © Seismological Society of America Seismological Research Letters (2023) 94 (2A): 564–566. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230001 Article history First Online: 25 Jan 2023 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Margaret Hellweg, Stephen Arrowsmith, Hugo Delgado, James Gridley, Ronan Joseph Le Bras, Daniel McNamara, Steven Sherburn; Introduction to the SRL Focus Section on the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha’apai Eruption. Seismological Research Letters 2023;; 94 (2A): 564–566. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0220230001 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietySeismological Research Letters Search Advanced Search Similar to the Roman god Janus, natural events often have two faces. For the people in their environment, they can be disasters, sometimes with truly terrible effects. For scientists, often geophysicists who observe the interactions on the planet, they may bring exciting new measurements and insights. The Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) eruption was just such an event. It was the largest underwater eruption since 1883, when the Indonesian volcano Krakatoa produced a tsunami that killed more than 20,000 people, and the pressure wave that was heard (or measured) around the world. Similar to Krakatoa, the HTHH eruption was tremendous, with... You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.

Dealing with Transitions Thanks to Janus

This article suggests a reflection on transitions through the lenses of depth analytical psychology and the representation of the mythic Roman god, Janus. Some transition-related factors and signs of being lost in transition will be explored as well as the implication of having an one-sided vision. Finally, the author proposes an interpretation of Janus’symbolic characteristics to help to understand and manage transitions.

Carmen de bisonte in English and for an International Audience – a Critical Review of and Supplement to Frederick J. Booth’s Bilingual Edition

The publication of a Latin-English edition of Nicolaus Hussovianus’ “Carmen de bisonte” in 2019 is a highly significant event as it makes this canonical text of Old Belarusian (as well as Lithuanian) literature accessible to a broad, international and interdisciplinary audience. This article analyses in detail the merits and shortcomings of Frederick J. Booth’s edition. It proposes some alternative translations, adds information that was not accessible to the classical philologist, and highlights the relevance of recent discoveries that change our knowledge about Hussovianus’ origin and biography. Designed as a kind of interface between research communities that are scarcely connected, the article demonstrates what we can and should learn from each other. With emphasis on the significance of working with the original old print, a subchapter of the article acquaints the reader with the figures in “Carmen de bisonte” and analyses the emblem on the last page of the book. It shows a picture of the Roman god Terminus, framed by quotes in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew. This emblem served in the 1520s as a printer’s device for a “humanistic series” of the Krakow publisher Hieronymus Vietor. The fact that it was built upon an iconic symbol used by Erasmus of Rotterdam exemplifies what aroused Booth’s initial interest in CdB : the pan-European scope of Neo-Latin literature and the close connectedness of regions which in his academic youth were separated by the Iron Curtain.