Role Of Nucleic Acids Research Articles

Concentrations of RNA in the brain during oestrus in the deermouse.

THERE has recently been extensive research into the role of nucleic acids in biological systems, and the part played by RNA in protein synthesis has now been established as has that by oestrogen in protein synthesis of certain tissues.

Symposium on in vitro studies of the immune response. IV. Role of nucleic acids in the anamnestic antibody response.

Symposium on in vitro studies of the immune response. IV. Role of nucleic acids in the anamnestic antibody response.

Nucleic Acid Metabolism and Zinc Deficiency in the Chick

IT HAS been shown in simple plants and animals that zinc plays a role in nucleic acid and protein metabolism. Schneider and Price (1962) and Wacker (1962) working with Euglena gracilis showed a decrease in protein synthesis and ribosenucleic acid (RNA) content in organisms grown in zinc-deficient media concomitant with increases in nonprotein nitrogen and acid-soluble amino acids. These phenomena were interpreted to mean that the primary defect in zinc-deficient organisms was the failure of RNA synthesis and subsequently of protein synthesis.Winder and Denneny (1959) had previously suggested the same hypothesis as a result of their observations of decreased RNA, increased organic polyphosphate, and decreased growth rates in zinc- and iron-deficient Mycobacterium segmentis cultures.More recently, Williams et al. (1965) demonstrated a mean reduction of 44% in the amount of P32 appearing in the RNA nucleotides and a reduction of 43% in the amount of P32 appearing in the …

Symposium on in vitro studies of the immune response. IV. Role of nucleic acids in the anamnestic antibody response.

Symposium on in vitro studies of the immune response. IV. Role of nucleic acids in the anamnestic antibody response.

Studies on the growth and fruiting in the tomato. VII

The present studies were carried out to ascertain the influence of the application of nucleic acid and antimetabolites of nucleic acid on the growth and the flower formation of tomato plants.Spraying with nucleic acid and antimetabolites of nucleic acid was begun when the cotyledon expanded fully and repeated 10 times at 3-day-intervals.1. Effect of application of DNA and RNA on the vegetative and reproductive processes.Plants were sprayed with 200, 1, 000 and 3, 000 ppm solution of DNA and RNA decomposed by autoclaving.All concentrations of DNA and the lower concentrations of RNA sprays failed to induce any effect on the plant growth and the flower formation. High concentration of RNA spray increased the number of flowers.2. Effect of application of guanine, uracil, uridine and uridylic acid on the vegetative and reproductive processes.Plants were sprayed with solution of guanine, uracil, uridine and uridylic acid at 200, 1, 000 and 3, 000ppm.All concentrations of guanine, uridine and uridylic acid sprays failed to induce any effect on the plant growth and the flower formation. High concentration of uracil spray increased the number of flowers.3. Effect of application of 8-azaguanine and thiouracil on the vegetative and reproductive processes.Plants were sprayed with solution of 8-azaguanine at 5×10-4 and 2×10-3M and thiouracil at 5×10-5, 2×10-4, 4×10-4 and 6×10-4M.High concentration of 8-azaguanine and thiouracil spray restricted the plant growth, being follwed by the retardation of the flower bud differentiation, the increase in the number of leaves to the first inflorescence and the decrease in the number of flowers with the retardation of their development.4. Effect of application of 5-bromouracil and ethionine on the vegetative and reproductive processes.Seedlings were sprayed with solution of 5-bromouracil at 5×10-4 and 2×10-3M and ethionine at 5×10-4 and 10-3M.High concentration of 5-bromouracil and ethionine spray restricted the plant growth, but failed to induce any effect on the flower formation.5. Effect of application of acriflavin, mitomycine and chloramphenicol on the vegetative and reproductive processes.Plants were sprayed with solution of acriflavin, mitomycine and chloramphenicol at 1, 10 and 50ppm.The higher the concentration of acriflavin, mitomycine and chloramphenicol solution, the weaker the plant growth, the later the flower bud differentiation, resulting in the increase in the number of leaves to the first inflorescence, and in the less number of flowers.6. Role of nucleic acid on the flower formation.Applications of nucleic acid increased the number of flowers, and applications of antimetabolites of nucleic acid retarded the flower formation.From the present results it may be suggested that the increase of nucleic acid in the apical part was an important factor for the induction of flower bud in the tomato plant.

Reaction of adenine-specific antibodies with denatured deoxyribonucleic acid.

AT the present time there is no doubt regarding the role of nucleic acids in carrying genetic information, and their participation in protein synthesis and other biological events is now well known1. There is therefore considerable biochemical and genetical importance in the availability of specific antibodies capable of reacting with nucleic acids. The production of such antibodies has been described recently as the result of immunization with DNA that had been complexed with methylated bovine serum albumin2, by coupling periodate-oxidized nucleotides or nucleosides to proteins3, or by binding uridine-5′-carboxylic acid to a synthetic polypeptide4. Such data promise to make the specificity and sensitivity of immunochemical procedures, which have been of great value in the study of other polymers such as polysaccharides and proteins5, similarly available for an analysis of nucleic acids.

The role of nucleic acids in the growth of the hypocotyl of Lupinus albus under varying light and dark regimes

From the start of germination to 14 days the length of Lupinus albus hypocotyls increases 100-fold, the RNA 4 to 5-fold, the DNA 6 to 8-fold per hypocotyl and per cell in the dark. Light strongly inhibits growth and RNA synthesis and to a lesser extent DNA synthesis. Transfer of light-grown plants to the dark removes these inhibitions, transfer from dark to light leads to cessation of growth which correlates with a loss of a heavy RNA. Assuming this to be the ribosomal pentamer, the ergosome, calculation showed that its relationship with growth was quantitative. It is suggested that the RNA of the ribosomes produced by ergosomal breakdown is unstable.

BIOSYNTHESIS OF MYCOBACILLIN, A NEW ANTIFUNGAL PEPTIDE. I. ROLE OF NUCLEIC ACID.

Banerjee, Arun B. (University of Calcutta, Calcutta, India), and S. K. Bose. Biosynthesis of mycobacillin, a new antifungal peptide. I. Role of nucleic acid. J. Bacteriol. 87:1397-1401. 1964.-The biosynthesis of mycobacillin, a cyclic polypeptide antifungal antibiotic, was studied in relation to the effect of chloramphenicol, 6-azathymine, and 5-bromouracil on the process. It was found that chloramphenicol inhibits both mycobacillin synthesis and growth, whereas nucleic acid base analogues inhibit only growth and nucleic acid synthesis but not mycobacillin formation. A change in the concentration of labeled aspartic acid in the general metabolic pool led to a corresponding change in the specific activity of aspartic acid isolated from different peptide fragments of the mycobacillin molecule, suggesting that mycobacillin synthesis occurs by way of linear addition of amino acid to the peptide chain.

AN ALTERATION IN CELL MORPHOLOY UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A TUMOUR RNA.

THE roles of nucleic acids have recently become much more firmly established, mainly through work on bacteria and viruses. DNA is almost certainly the genetic material of higher organisms, bacteria and some viruses1 although other viruses have RNA as their genome2.

The Role of Nucleic Acids and Sulphydryl Groups in Morphogenesis (Amphibian Egg Development. Regeneration in Acetabularia)

The Role of Nucleic Acids and Sulphydryl Groups in Morphogenesis (Amphibian Egg Development. Regeneration in Acetabularia)

Nucleic acids and information transfer

Journal of Cellular and Comparative PhysiologyVolume 62, Issue S1 p. 111-122 Article Nucleic acids and information transfer† Liebe F. Cavalieri, Liebe F. Cavalieri Sloan-Kettering Division, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New YorkSearch for more papers by this author Liebe F. Cavalieri, Liebe F. Cavalieri Sloan-Kettering Division, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New YorkSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1963 https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1030620411Citations: 4 † This work supported in part by funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service (Grant CY-3190), and the Atomic Energy Commission (Contract No. AT (30–1)-910). AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume62, IssueS1Supplement: Symposium on Macromolecular Aspects of the Cell CycleOctober 1963Pages 111-122 RelatedInformation

FORMATION AND FUNCTION OF SOLUBLE PROTEINS IN GHLOROPLASTS

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A textbook of histology

The eighth edition of this book maintains the high standards set by preceding editions. Due to the rapidity with which the biological and medical worlds undergo change, it has been greatly rewritten, keeping pace with advances made in the fields of polarization microscopy, x-ray diffraction, autoradiography, immunohistological methodology, and physical and biochemical procedures for the analysis of such complex materials as collagen, nucleic acids, and myoglobin. The role of nucleic acids is especially significant to contemporary readers because of enhanced interest in genetics and in the control of the synthetic activities of cells. Various chapters have been revised, notably those dealing with cytoplasmic and nuclear constituents, electron microscopy, bone, muscle, glands, nerve, connective tissue, the retina, the male generative system, the thymus, pineal skin, kidney, blood, myeloid tissue, liver, stomach, and pancreas, to name an outstanding group. As a textbook addressed to students of medicine and biology, it is eminently

Toward the Conquest of Cancer

This book is a straightforward, realistic discussion of present status of cancer —the disease and cure. The book's theme is cancer drugs—chemistry's weapon of hope against cancer. Actually, basic plea is recorded in introduction, all Americans who die of cancer today, deaths of one-fourth might have been avoided had proper treatment been started in time. New drugs that let patient live with his disease are cited as evidence that chemicals are vital to welfare of 265,000 Americans slated to die of cancer this year. Of these, it is claimed that 85,000 could yet be cured, if earlier and better treatment could be started. Chemist Battista delves superficially into basic nature and chemistry of normal and cancerous cells, deftly inciting reader's interest in role of nucleic acid, the closest chemical to mysterious spark of life. He offers a

Nucleic Acids as Transplantation Antigens

MUCH has been written about the role of nucleic acids in transplantation immunity1–3. From previous work it has been concluded that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was not antigenic. The following results, based on chemical analysis including chromatography of sugars4 and of purines and pyrimidines or their derivatives, suggest that ribonucleic acid (RNA) also is not a necessary part of the antigenic molecule. Antigens from mouse spleen and thymus were prepared by different procedures5–7. Their antigenicity was checked by techniques previously described3.

THE LYMPHOMAS: COMBINED CLINIC AT THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK, N. Y.

Excerpt Dr. Alfred Gellhorn: Today we discuss a group of diseases, the lymphomas, various aspects of which are being productively investigated in many parts of the world. During our presentation we...

Nucleic acids and survival of excised anthers in vitro.

Excised anthers of Allium cepa and Rhoeo discolor have been successfully cultured in modified White's medium supplemented with various concentrations of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid. Ribonucleic acid proved to be much more useful than deoxyribonucleic acid and reduced the time required for the completion of meiosis from 48 hours to 24 hours. The role of nucleic acids in the control of nuclear divisions has been indicated.

Genetics and the Role of Nucleic Acids

Genetics and the Role of Nucleic Acids

The role of nucleic acids in crown-gall tumor induction.

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit der Induzierung von Pflanzentumoren durch dasAgrobacterium tumefaciens. Es konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass die Nukleinsäurefraktion aus dem Bacterium imstande ist, nach Zugabe zu einem Homogenisat von verletztenDatura-stramonium-Pflanzen ein Tumor auslösendes Prinzip aufzubauen. Eine derartige (sterile) Fraktion ist in der Lage, echte Crown-Gall-Tumoren zu induzieren, deren Identität mit den bakteriell erzeugten Tumoren morphologisch, histologisch und physiologisch erwiesen ist.

Role of nucleic acid and enzymes in peptide chain synthesis.

RECENTLY, there has been much discussion of possible mechanisms whereby the order of the nucleotide sequence in a polynucleotide chain might determine the order of the amino-acid sequence in a peptide chain. The polynucleotide molecule is assumed to be the template or pattern for the peptide chain. In a mechanism proposed by one of us1, enzymes were assumed to play an important part in attaching the amino-acids to the polynucleotide chain; as many enzymes would be required for this purpose as there are nucleotide combinations corresponding to amino-acids. In a system where a nucleotide triad is assumed to correspond to a given amino-acid, there must be as many enzymes as there are triads, and it can be shown that more than one triad would have to correspond to a given amino-acid in order to permit the occurrence of a reasonably large number of possible neighbours on either side of a given amino-acid in a peptide chain (unless it is postulated that there is to be no overlapping of the triads).