Role Of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Research Articles

The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Skin Regeneration, Tissue Repair, and the Regulation of Hair Follicle Growth.

Skin regeneration, repair, and the promotion of hair growth are intricate and dynamic processes essential for preserving the overall health, functionality, and appearance of both skin and hair. These processes involve a coordinated interplay of cellular activities and molecular signaling pathways that ensure the maintenance and restoration of skin integrity and hair vitality. Recent advancements in regenerative medicine have underscored the significant role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes as key mediators in these processes. Exosomes, emerging as a promising cell-free therapy in tissue engineering, hold substantial potential due to their ability to influence various biological functions. This review explores the mechanisms by which MSC-derived exosomes facilitate skin regeneration and repair, and hair growth, their therapeutic applications, and the future research directions in this emerging field.

The role of the NOTCH1 signaling pathway in the maintenance of mesenchymal stem cell stemness and chondrocyte differentiation and its potential in the treatment of osteoarthritis

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), particularly the function of the NOTCH1 signaling pathway in maintaining the stemness of MSCs and in chondrocyte differentiation.MethodsUtilizing diverse analytical techniques on an osteoarthritis dataset, we unveil distinct gene expression patterns and regulatory relationships, shedding light on potential mechanisms underlying the disease. Techniques used include the culture of MSCs, induction of differentiation into chondrocytes, establishment of stable cell lines, Western Blot, and immunofluorescence. Through the construction of lentiviruses overexpressing and knocking out NOTCH1, the effects of NOTCH1 on the stemness of MSCs and chondrocyte differentiation were investigated. Additionally, the effects of NOTCH1 on chondrocyte homeostasis and apoptosis were evaluated by adding the EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 and the endoplasmic reticulum stress inducer tunicamycin.ResultsExperimental results demonstrated that NOTCH1 expression can influence the maintenance of MSC stemness and chondrocyte differentiation by regulating EZH2. Knockout of NOTCH1 decreased the expression of chondrocyte markers, while overexpression increased their expression. Under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, NOTCH1 expression helped reduce the expression of stress-related proteins, maintain chondrocyte homeostasis, and inhibit apoptosis.ConclusionThe NOTCH1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining the stemness of MSCs, differentiating into chondrocytes, and in the treatment of osteoarthritis. NOTCH1 influences the differentiation fate of MSCs and the homeostasis of chondrocytes by regulating EZH2 and other related genes, offering new targets and strategies for the treatment of diseases like osteoarthritis.

Innovative approaches in stem cell therapy: revolutionizing cancer treatment and advancing neurobiology - a comprehensive review.

Stem cell therapy represents a transformative frontier in medical science, offering promising avenues for revolutionizing cancer treatment and advancing our understanding of neurobiology. This review explores innovative approaches in stem cell therapy that have the potential to reshape clinical practices and therapeutic outcomes in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In this dynamic and intriguing realm of cancer research, recent years witnessed a surge in attention toward understanding the intricate role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). These cells, capable of either suppressing or promoting tumors across diverse experimental models, have been a focal point in the exploration of exosome-based therapies. Exosomes released by MSCs have played a pivotal role, in unraveling the nuances of paracrine signaling and its profound impact on cancer development. Recent studies have revealed the complex nature of MSC-derived exosomes, showcasing both protumor and antitumor effects. Despite their multifaceted involvement in tumor growth, these exosomes show significant promise in influencing both tumor development and chemosensitivity, acting as a pivotal factor that increases stem cells' potential for medicinal use. Endogenous MSCs, primarily originating from the bone marrow, exhibited a unique migratory response to damaged tissue sites. The genetic modification of stem cells, including MSCs, opened avenues for the precise delivery of therapeutic payloads in the milieu around the tumor (TME). Stem cell therapy offers groundbreaking potential for treating neurodegenerative and autoimmune disorders by regenerating damaged tissues and modulating immune responses. This approach aims to restore lost function and promote healing through targeted cellular interventions. In this review, we explored the molecular complexities of cancer and the potential for breakthroughs in personalized and targeted therapies. This analysis offers hope for transformative advancements in both cancer treatment and neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting the promise of precision medicine in addressing these challenging conditions.

Role of mesenchymal stem cells in sepsis and their therapeutic potential in sepsis‑associated myopathy (Review).

Sepsis‑induced myopathy (SIM) is one of the leading causes of death in critically ill patients. SIM mainly involves the respiratory and skeletal muscles of patients, resulting in an increased risk of lung infection, aggravated respiratory failure, and prolonged mechanical ventilation and hospital stay. SIM is also an independent risk factor associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients. At present, no effective treatment for SIM has yet been established. However, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach and have been utilized in the treatment of various clinical conditions. A significant body of basic and clinical research supports the efficacy of MSCs in managing sepsis and muscle‑related diseases. This literature review aims to explore the relationship between MSCs and sepsis, as well as their impact on skeletal muscle‑associated diseases. Additionally, the present review discusses the potential mechanisms and therapeutic benefits of MSCs in the context of SIM.

The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes versus Melatonin on Skin Wound Healing of Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological Study

The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived Exosomes versus Melatonin on Skin Wound Healing of Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological Study

Innovative Strategies for Liver Transplantation: The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Cell-Free Derivatives.

Despite being the standard treatment for end-stage liver disease, liver transplantation has limitations like donor scarcity, high surgical costs, and immune rejection risks. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their derivatives offer potential for liver regeneration and transplantation. MSCs, known for their multipotency, low immunogenicity, and ease of obtainability, can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells and secrete bioactive factors that promote liver repair and reduce immune rejection. However, the clinical application of MSCs is limited by risks such as aberrant differentiation and low engraftment rates. As a safer alternative, MSC-derived secretomes and extracellular vesicles (EVs) offer promising therapeutic benefits, including enhanced graft survival, immunomodulation, and reduced ischemia-reperfusion injury. Current research highlights the efficacy of MSC-derived therapies in improving liver transplant outcomes, but further studies are necessary to standardize clinical applications. This review highlights the potential of MSCs and EVs to address key challenges in liver transplantation, paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies.

Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Growth of Bone Grafting, Distraction of Bones and in Kummoona Chondro-Osseous Graft

Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Growth of Bone Grafting, Distraction of Bones and in Kummoona Chondro-Osseous Graft

The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Modulating Adaptive Immune Responses in Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, leading to significant disability through neurodegeneration. Despite advances in the understanding of MS pathophysiology, effective treatments remain limited. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained attention as a potential therapeutic option due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. This review examines MS pathogenesis, emphasizing the role of immune cells, particularly T cells, in disease progression, and explores MSCs' therapeutic potential. Although preclinical studies in animal models show MSC efficacy, challenges such as donor variability, culture conditions, migratory capacity, and immunological compatibility hinder widespread clinical adoption. Strategies like genetic modification, optimized delivery methods, and advanced manufacturing are critical to overcoming these obstacles. Further research is needed to validate MSCs' clinical application in MS therapy.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy ameliorates renal diabetic changes in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus in rats

ABSTRACT Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic condition and one of the leading causes of end-stage kidney disease in the world. Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for diabetes complications. Our research aimed to elucidate the potential role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) generated from bone marrow to ameliorate early diabetic kidney changes and investigate the underlying mechanism that mediates MSCs action. The study involved 40 female rats and 10 male rats as donors of stem cells. The rats were divided into four groups: control, streptozotocin-treated, IV MSCs-treated, and insulin-treated. We examined the histopathology of the kidney and the gene expression of kidney injury molecule (KIM-1), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), caspase 3, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We did an immunohistochemical study on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). The study found that diabetes causes renal degenerative changes and activation of the AKT-PI3K mTOR pathway, with increased KIM-1, JNK, caspase 3, and MAPK expression in renal tubular cells. However, MSCs therapy improved kidney function, decreased expression levels of KIM-1, JNK, caspase 3, and MAPK, and inactivated the AKT-PI3K mTOR pathway, suggesting bone marrow-derived MSCs therapy could be beneficial.

Polycaprolactone in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Comprehensive Review of Innovations in Scaffold Fabrication and Surface Modifications.

Bone tissue engineering has seen significant advancements with innovative scaffold fabrication techniques such as 3D printing. This review focuses on enhancing polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold properties through structural modifications, including surface treatments, pore architecture adjustments, and the incorporation of biomaterials like hydroxyapatite (HA). These modifications aim to improve scaffold conformation, cellular behavior, and mechanical performance, with particular emphasis on the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone regeneration. The review also explores the potential of integrating nanomaterials and graphene oxide (GO) to further enhance the mechanical and biological properties of PCL scaffolds. Future directions involve optimizing scaffold structures and compositions for improved bone tissue regeneration outcomes.

Effects of xenogeneic transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with irbesartan on renal podocyte damage in diabetic rats

BackgroundThe leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Podocyte damage is an early event in the development of DN. Currently, there is no effective treatment strategy that can slow the progression of DN or reverse its onset. The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation in diabetes and its complications has been extensively studied, and diabetic nephropathy has been a major focus. Irbesartan exerts reno-protective effects independent of lowering blood pressure, can reduce the incidence of proteinuria in rats, and is widely used clinically. However, it remains undetermined whether the combined utilization of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan and MSCs could enhance efficacy in addressing DN.MethodsA commonly used method for modeling type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) was established using a high-fat diet and a single low-dose injection of STZ (35 mg/kg). The animals were divided into the following 5 groups: (1) the control group (CON), (2) the diabetic nephropathy group (DN), (3) the mesenchymal stem cells treatment group (MSCs), (4) the irbesartan treatment group (Irb), and (5) the combined administration group (MSC + Irb). MSCs (2 × 106 cells/rat) were injected every 10 days through the tail vein for a total of three injections; irbesartan (30 mg/kg/d) was administered by gavage. Additionally, the safety and homing of mesenchymal stem cells were verified using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.ResultsThe combination treatment significantly reduced the UACR, kidney index, IGPTT, HOMA-IR, BUN, serum creatine, and related inflammatory factor levels and significantly improved renal function parameters and the expression of proteins related to glomerular podocyte injury in rats. Moreover, MSCs can homing target to damaged kidneys.ConclusionsCompared to the administration of MSCs or irbesartan alone, the combination of MSCs and irbesartan exerted better protective effects on glomerular podocyte injury, providing new ideas for the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells.

The role of mesenchymal stem cells in cancer and prospects for their use in cancer therapeutics.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are recruited by malignant tumor cells to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a crucial role in the initiation and progression of malignant tumors. This role encompasses immune evasion, promotion of angiogenesis, stimulation of cancer cell proliferation, correlation with cancer stem cells, multilineage differentiation within the TME, and development of treatment resistance. Simultaneously, extensive research is exploring the homing effect of MSCs and MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSCs-EVs) in tumors, aiming to design them as carriers for antitumor substances. These substances are targeted to deliver antitumor drugs to enhance drug efficacy while reducing drug toxicity. This paper provides a review of the supportive role of MSCs in tumor progression and the associated molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we summarize the latest therapeutic strategies involving engineered MSCs and MSCs-EVs in cancer treatment, including their utilization as carriers for gene therapeutic agents, chemotherapeutics, and oncolytic viruses. We also discuss the distribution and clearance of MSCs and MSCs-EVs upon entry into the body to elucidate the potential of targeted therapies based on MSCs and MSCs-EVs in cancer treatment, along with the challenges they face.

Exploring the role of mesenchymal stem cells in modulating immune responses via Treg and Th2 cell activation: insights from mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating neurodegenerative disease, and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), exhibits immunological and clinical similarities. The study aimed to examine mechanisms underlying therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell administration in EAE. C57BL/6 mice were separated into control and treatment groups (T1, T2, and T3); EAE was induced in all animals. Clinical examinations were conducted daily, and on 25th day, animals were sacrificed, and spinal cord was stained for histological analysis. Additionally, spleen cell proliferation assay, assessments of cytokine, and gene expression in both spinal cord and spleen cells were performed. The results indicated a significant reduction in clinical symptoms among treatment groups compared to control group. Histological analyses revealed decreased infiltration of lymphocytes into the spinal cord and reduced demyelinated areas in treatment groups compared to control group. Cytokine production of IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-4 were significantly enhanced and IFN-γ and TNF-α in treatment groups were decreased relative to control group. Also, gene expression of CTLA-4, PD-1, IL-27, and IL-33 indicated a significant increase in treatment groups. The administration of MSCs significantly improved clinical symptoms, attenuated inflammation, and reduced spinal cord demyelination in EAE, suggesting a potential protective effect on disease progression.

Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes on Healing of a Rabbit Model of Corneal Alkali Burn. Histological and Immunohistochemical Study

Abstract Introduction Corneal alkali burn is one of the most severe ophthalmic emergencies that requires prompt treatment. Recently, the attention of researchers has been attracted to the use of exosomes as a novel non-cell therapy for treatment of corneal alkali burn. Aim to evaluate the possible role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes on healing of experimentally induced corneal alkali burn in rabbits by histological and immunohistochemical techniques. Materials and Methods Forty-five adult male New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups: group I (control group); group II in which corneal alkali burn was left for spontaneous healing, and group III (exosomes treated group): in which rabbits received a sub-conjunctival injection of 100 μg MSCs-exosomes after one hour from corneal alkali burn induction. Injection of exosomes was repeated every other day. All groups were further subdivided into two subgroups; subgroup A and B, where corneal specimens were collected after 7 days and 14 days, respectively. Characterization of exosomes was done using transmission electron microscope. Gross examination of the cornea was done at days 0, 1, 4,7,10 and 14. At the end of experiment, corneal specimens were collected and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin, Masson`s trichrome, periodic acid Schiff, transforming growth factor-beta and vascular endothelial growth factor immunohistochemical techniques. Histo-morphometric study and statistical analysis were also done. Results Administration of MSCs-derived exosomes in group III improved healing of corneal alkali burn by inhibiting angiogenesis and inflammation, enhancing corneal reepithelization, and providing better organization of newly formed stromal collagen fibers. Conclusion Sub-conjunctival injection of MSCs-derived exosomes could be effective in the healing of corneal alkali burn in adult rabbits.

The Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Dentistry: A Review

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant attention in regenerative dentistry due to their remarkable ability to differentiate into various cell types and their immunomodulatory properties. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in MSC research relevant to dentistry, focusing on their potential applications in periodontal tissue regeneration, dental pulp regeneration, and maxillofacial bone repair. Periodontal diseases, which affect the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth, are a significant challenge in dentistry. Current treatments often involve surgical intervention and tissue grafting. MSCs have shown promise as a potential alternative for periodontal tissue regeneration, as they can differentiate into periodontal ligament cells, cementoblasts, and osteoblasts. Several preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of MSC-based therapies in periodontal regeneration. Dental pulp regeneration is another area where MSCs hold promise. Damaged or infected dental pulp can lead to pulpitis or pulp necrosis, necessitating root canal treatment. MSCs have been studied for their ability to regenerate dental pulp tissue and promote pulp healing. They can differentiate into odontoblast-like cells and regenerate dentin-like tissue, making them a potential treatment option for dental pulp regeneration. In maxillofacial bone repair, MSCs have been investigated for their osteogenic differentiation potential and ability to stimulate bone regeneration. Studies have shown promising results, suggesting that MSC-based therapies could be a viable treatment option for maxillofacial bone defects. The mechanisms underlying MSC-based therapies in dentistry are not fully understood but are thought to involve a combination of paracrine effects, immunomodulation, and differentiation into specific cell types. Future research should focus on addressing these challenges and exploring novel approaches for enhancing the regenerative potential of MSCs in dentistry.

Emerging Strategies in Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Cardiovascular Therapeutics.

Cardiovascular diseases continue to challenge global health, demanding innovative therapeutic solutions. This review delves into the transformative role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in advancing cardiovascular therapeutics. Beginning with a historical perspective, we trace the development of stem cell research related to cardiovascular diseases, highlighting foundational therapeutic approaches and the evolution of cell-based treatments. Recognizing the inherent challenges of MSC-based cardiovascular therapeutics, which range from understanding the pro-reparative activity of MSCs to tailoring patient-specific treatments, we emphasize the need to refine the pro-regenerative capacity of these cells. Crucially, our focus then shifts to the strategies of the fourth generation of cell-based therapies: leveraging the secretomic prowess of MSCs, particularly the role of extracellular vesicles; integrating biocompatible scaffolds and artificial sheets to amplify MSCs' potential; adopting three-dimensional ex vivo propagation tailored to specific tissue niches; harnessing the promise of genetic modifications for targeted tissue repair; and institutionalizing good manufacturing practice protocols to ensure therapeutic safety and efficacy. We conclude with reflections on these advancements, envisaging a future landscape redefined by MSCs in cardiovascular regeneration. This review offers both a consolidation of our current understanding and a view toward imminent therapeutic horizons.

Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium in Modulating the Benzalkonium Chloride-Induced Cytotoxic Effects in Cultured Corneal Epithelial Cells In Vitro

Purpose Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is a common preservative in ophthalmic formulations that causes cytotoxic damage to the corneal epithelial cells. This study aims to explore the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived conditioned medium in modulating the BAK-induced cytotoxic effects in cultured human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) as a cell-free therapeutic agent. Methods The in vitro cultured HCECs derived from a HCE cell line were treated with BAK (0.001% and 0.005%, diluted in DMEM/F12, v/v) for 15 min, washed with 1xPBS, and allowed to recover for 24 h in human bone marrow MSC-derived conditioned medium (MSC-CM: undiluted (100%) and diluted (50%, v/v)). On the other hand, HCECs were co-incubated with BAK (0.005%, v/v) and MSC-CM (100% and 50%, v/v) for 24 h. The HCEC-derived conditioned medium (HCE-CM) was used as an optimal control for MSC-CM, whereas HCECs cultured in DMEM/F12 were used as a control. The DMEM/F12 was used as the base medium for the culture of HCECs and preparation of HCE- and MSC-CM. The role of MSC-CM in modulating the metabolic activity, cell death, epithelial repair, and proliferation, in BAK-treated HCECs was evaluated using MTT assay, Propidium iodide staining, scratch assay, and Ki-67 staining, respectively. Results Compared to the control, recovery of BAK-treated (0.001% and 0.005%, for 15 min) HCECs in MSC-CM showed significantly reduced cell death with enhanced metabolic activity, epithelial repair, and proliferation. However, in comparison with HCE-CM, the beneficial effects of MSC-CM were predominantly observed at lower BAK concentration (0.001%, for 15 min). Whereas the co-incubation of BAK (0.005%) and MSC-CM for a longer duration (24 h) was marginally beneficial. Conclusions Our results suggest that the MSC-CM is effective in modulating the BAK-induced cell death, retardation of metabolic activity and proliferation in cultured HCECs, particularly at lower concentration (0.001%) and shorter exposure (15 min) of BAK.

The role of mesenchymal stem cells in early programming of adipose tissue in the offspring of women with obesity.

Maternal obesity is a well-known risk factor for developing premature obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in the progeny. The development of white adipose tissue is a dynamic process that starts during prenatal life: fat depots laid down in utero are associated with the proportion of fat in children later on. How early this programming takes place is still unknown. However, recent evidence shows that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), the embryonic adipocyte precursor cells, show signatures of the early setting of an adipogenic committed phenotype when exposed to maternal obesity. This review aims to present current findings on the cellular adaptations of MSCs from the offspring of women with obesity and how the metabolic environment of MSCs could affect the early commitment towards adipocytes. In conclusion, maternal obesity can induce early programming of fetal adipose tissue by conditioning MSCs. These cells have higher expression of adipogenic markers, altered insulin signalling and mitochondrial performance, compared to MSCs of neonates from lean pregnancies. Fetal MSCs imprinting by maternal obesity could help explain the increased risk of childhood obesity and development of further noncommunicable diseases.

Advancing diabetes treatment: the role of mesenchymal stem cells in islet transplantation.

Diabetes mellitus, a prevalent global health challenge, significantly impacts societal and economic well-being. Islet transplantation is increasingly recognized as a viable treatment for type 1 diabetes that aims to restore endogenous insulin production and mitigate complications associated with exogenous insulin dependence. We review the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in enhancing the efficacy of islet transplantation. MSCs, characterized by their immunomodulatory properties and differentiation potential, are increasingly seen as valuable in enhancing islet graft survival, reducing immune-mediated rejection, and supporting angiogenesis and tissue repair. The utilization of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles further exemplifies innovative approaches to improve transplantation outcomes. However, challenges such as MSC heterogeneity and the optimization of therapeutic applications persist. Advanced methodologies, including artificial intelligence (AI) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), are highlighted as potential technologies for addressing these challenges, potentially steering MSC therapy toward more effective, personalized treatment modalities for diabetes. This review revealed that MSCs are important for advancing diabetes treatment strategies, particularly through islet transplantation. This highlights the importance of MSCs in the field of regenerative medicine, acknowledging both their potential and the challenges that must be navigated to fully realize their therapeutic promise.

TLR3 Agonist Amplifies the Anti-Inflammatory Potency of ADSCs via IL-10-Mediated Macrophage Polarization in Acute Pancreatitis.

The immunoregulatory role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in inflammation is heterogeneous and can exhibit anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory properties depending on the microenvironment. We herein observed that the activation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) by polyinosinic : polycytidylic acid (poly(I : C)) stimulation facilitated the transformation of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into an anti-inflammatory phenotype. The enhanced anti-inflammatory properties were assessed in a taurocholate-induced pancreatitis model. The results demonstrated that poly(I : C) pretreated ADSCs exhibited enhanced anti-inflammatory properties than untreated ADSCs in taurocholate-induced pancreatitis. Mechanistically, poly(I : C)-treated ADSCs showed increased production and secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10), which demonstrates a potent ability to alleviate inflammatory signaling cascades in acinar cells. Simultaneously, the heightened anti-inflammatory effects of poly(I : C)-treated ADSCs in pancreatitis were associated with the regulation of macrophage classical/alternative transformation, thereby mitigating inflammatory factor-mediated damage to the pancreatic acinar cell. We propose that TLR3 activation by poly(I : C) is an effective strategy to enhance the anti-inflammatory properties of MSCs, which offers a valuable consideration for improving the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs in inflammatory diseases.