Role In Economy Research Articles

Maturity of risk management in agricultural supply chains

Purpose This paper aims to assess the maturity level in the strategic risk management of an agricultural cooperative’s supply chain. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive qualitative research approach was employed for a case study. Four interview scripts were administered to 15 stakeholders within the supply chain and subjected to content analysis. Findings The findings reveal 23 strategic risks in the supply chain, whereas the maturity assessment identified five dimensions at the “Defined” level and two at the “Fragmented” level. To elevate the risk management maturity, this paper delineated 22 intervention actions. Research limitations/implications The theoretical contribution is the presentation of the various maturity assessment models and how they can be employed in studies on agribusiness supply chain risks. Practical implications Managerial implications underscore the formal establishment of a risk governance unit, the appointment of a Chief Risk Officer (CRO) and the constitution of an interdisciplinary risk management committee. Social implications Cooperatives contribute to adding value to rural production in many regions and project small and medium-sized producers in global markets. They play an economic and social role, promoting fair prices and providing services to members and the community. Efficient risk management can contribute to fostering the social role of cooperatives. Originality/value No maturity model for risk management in agribusiness supply chains is listed in the literature. This study can contribute to the development of such maturity models.

Ho Chi Minh Thought on Economics and Its Application to Tourism Development in Phu Quoc City Today

This article focuses on studying President Ho Chi Minh's perspectives on various aspects including: the role and objectives of economics; policies and solutions for economic development. By applying Ho Chi Minh thought, based on analyzing the current state of tourism in Phu Quoc City, the author proposes several solutions to develop the tourism industry in this region.

Soil and climatic conditions determine the rhizobia in association with Phaseolus vulgaris in southern Brazil.

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plays a significant economic and social role in Brazil. However, the national average yield remains relatively low, largely because most bean cultivation is undertaken by small-scale farmers. In this context,biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an effective strategy for improving crop yield. Therefore, it is important to identify novel rhizobial strains well suited to local climatic conditions. This study used Phaseolus vulgarisas a trap plant in soils from three distinct conservation areas (Ponta Grossa, Ortigueira, and Londrina) within Paraná State, Brazil. The soil chemical analysis revealed that the pH values in the Ponta Grossa and Ortigueira regions were low, whereas the Ortigueira region exhibited elevated aluminum levels. A total of 94 strains were obtained from the nodules of plants and subjected to analysis for their morphological and genetic properties. No nodules were observed in the Ortigueira region. In the Ponta Grossa region, most of the strains were identified as belonging to the genus Paraburkholderia, whereas all strains from Londrina were identified as Rhizobium. The 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis revealed a high degree of genetic similarity between the Paraburkholderia and Rhizobium strains. These findings indicate that soil chemical properties (pH and aluminum level) and climate conditions may have a significant impact on the symbiotic association between rhizobia and common bean.

Economy and Interest: A New Presentation of the Fundamental Problems Related to the Economic Role of the Rate of Interest and Their Solutions, by MauriceAllais (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 2015), pp. 632

Economy and Interest: A New Presentation of the Fundamental Problems Related to the Economic Role of the Rate of Interest and Their Solutions, by MauriceAllais (University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 2015), pp. 632

EXPRESS: Cognitive inconsistency in travel risk perception: A behavioral economics perspective

This study explores travel risk perception through the lens of behavioral economics, focusing on the concept of cognitive inconsistency, wherein individuals concurrently hold varying risk perceptions based on their distinct social identities (e.g., as either residents or tourists). Using data from a multi-wave national survey, we identify significant intra-personal inconsistencies in perceived travel risk, driven by past travel experience and immediate plans. We demonstrate that travel experiences and plans independently increase inconsistency in travel risk perception by influencing tourists’ social identity. This inconsistency in perception significantly influences travel-related decisions, with individuals more likely to modify their travel plans to alleviate the discomfort arising from conflicting risk assessments. This study underscores the pivotal role of behavioral economics in advancing understanding in the tourism literature, highlighting its advantages in capturing the nuanced dynamics of perception.

Sustainability Strategy in the Development of Msmes by Bank Indonesia in Increasing Economic Growth by Using Green Economic Policy as an Intervening Variable

Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess the impact of Bank Indonesia's MSME Development program on economic growth, with a specific focus on the role of green economic policies as an intervening variable. This research seeks to identify key factors that contribute to the sustainability and growth of MSMEs in Indonesia. Theoretical Framework: This study draws upon theories of sustainable economic development, focusing on the role of green economics in business sustainability. The framework integrates concepts from corporate sustainability, economic growth, and environmental policy, exploring how MSMEs can leverage green practices to boost economic performance. Method: A mixed-method approach was employed, combining quantitative analysis of survey data and statistical tests with qualitative methods such as interviews and case studies. The quantitative analysis examines the direct and indirect effects of the MSME development program, while the qualitative analysis provides deeper insights into the processes and challenges faced by MSMEs in adopting green economic policies. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that MSMEs that implement Bank Indonesia's MSME development program experience significant positive effects on economic growth. These effects are further enhanced when green economic policies are incorporated into MSME practices. Specifically, the research identifies several key factors contributing to growth 1.Corporate Structuring: Positive impact on economic growth through the establishment of stronger business foundations, 2.Capacity Building: Expansion of business capabilities leads to improved performance and sustainability,3. Market Expansion: Broader market access fosters economic resilience and growth, 4.Outboarding: The adoption of outboarding strategies leads to improved international competitiveness, 5.Intervening Role of Green Economic Policies: Green policies significantly enhance the effects of MSME development initiatives, contributing to greater economic stability and growth. Research Implications:. This research highlights the importance of integrating green economic policies in MSME development programs, providing a roadmap for policymakers to design sustainable growth strategies. By focusing on sustainability, MSMEs can not only contribute to economic growth but also support broader environmental and social goals.. Originality/Value: This study is one of the first to explore the intersection of MSME development, economic growth, and green economic policies in the context of Indonesia. It contributes valuable insights into how sustainable practices can be integrated into MSME strategies to foster long-term economic resilience..

Chromosome-scale and haplotype-resolved genome assembly of Populus trichocarpa

Abstract Populus trichocarpa, a pivotal model organism for woody transgenic research, not only garners substantial scientific interest but plays an integral role in forestry economics. Previous genomic assemblies of P. trichocarpa predominantly treated its heterozygous genome as homozygous, thereby neglecting crucial haplotypic diversity. Leveraging the high fidelity (HiFi) sequencing capabilities of PacBio sequencing and the chromosome conformation capture insights provided by Illumina's Hi-C technique, this study is the first to achieve a near telomere-to-telomere assembly of both paternal and maternal haplotypes in P. trichocarpa. Comparative genomic analysis between these haplotypes has uncovered several allelic variants and pathways critical for trait determination through allele-specific expression. Furthermore, utilizing RNA-seq data from multiple tissues, this investigation has detailed the tissue-specific expression patterns of the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) gene family, which are essential in mediating plant signal transduction and developmental regulation. Our results not only illuminate the functional genomics landscape of P. trichocarpa but also provide invaluable theoretical underpinnings for the genetic improvement of woody plants and a robust framework for exploring genetic variability and allelic expression disparities in arboreal species.

Can You Still Trust Insurance Workers? Unmasking Unethical Practices in Indonesia’s Insurance Industry

The insurance industry plays a pivotal role in fostering economic stability and protecting against uncertainties. However, its reputation is often tainted by unethical practices within its workforce, ranging from manipulative sales tactics to broken promises. This empirical study examines the prevalence and impact of unethical behavior in Indonesia’s insurance sector, focusing on agents, human resource managers, and other professionals. Through qualitative analysis, incorporating interviews with 11 customers who reported negative experiences, this research uncovers patterns of misconduct that erode trust and hinder industry growth. Findings reveal deceptive practices such as misleading policy terms and exploitative sales techniques, which undermine consumer confidence and obstruct the sector’s alignment with global sustainability goals. The study emphasizes the need for urgent ethical reforms, robust regulatory frameworks, and targeted behavioral training programs to rebuild trust and realign the industry with its critical societal and economic roles. Keywords : Unethical Practices, Insurance Industry, Customer Trust, Ethical Reforms, Indonesia, Sustainability, Sales Behavior

Interconnection between house and fenced area

The article aims to examine the relationship between the use of longhouses and adjacent fenced areas at the Linear Pottery culture (LBK) settlement in Hostivice-Sadová. The analysis focuses on house no. 1 and 15 and the rectangular fenced areas defined mainly by single posts that were excavated next to their eastern walls. The study includes representative pottery assemblages from settlement features and construction pits dated to the two subsequent phases in the middle stage of LBK. Formation processes and the proportion of decoration style were analysed in combination with radiocarbon dating. The article also addresses whether fenced areas were later used as refuse disposal spaces. The results show that the fills of the features in the fenced areas were deposited later than the house unit assemblages were formed. In both cases, there is no significant evidence of using fenced areas later for waste disposal. Additionally, the social and economic aspects of these houses are discussed as the construction, length, fenced areas, and concentration of finds indicate their important social and economic role within the settlement.

From barcodes to genomes: a new era of molecular exploration in bryophyte research.

Bryophytes represent a diverse and species-rich group of plants, characterized by a remarkable array of morphological variations. Due to their significant ecological and economic roles worldwide, accurate identification of bryophyte taxa is crucial. However, the variability in morphological traits often complicates their proper identification and subsequent commercial utilization. DNA barcoding has emerged as a valuable tool for the precise identification of bryophyte taxa, facilitating comparisons at both interspecific and intraspecific levels. Recent research involving plastomes, mitogenomes, and transcriptomes of various bryophyte species has provided insights into molecular changes and gene expression in response to environmental stressors. Advances in molecular phylogenetics have shed light on the origin and evolutionary history of bryophytes, thereby clarifying their phylogenetic relationships. Despite these advancements, a comprehensive understanding of the systematic relationships within bryophytes is still lacking. This review synthesizes current molecular studies that have been instrumental in unraveling the complexity of bryophyte taxonomy and systematics. By highlighting key findings from recent genetic and genomic research, we underscore the importance of integrating molecular data with traditional morphological approaches. Such integration is essential for refining the classification systems of bryophytes and for understanding their adaptive strategies in various ecological niches. Future research should focus on expanding the molecular datasets across underrepresented bryophyte lineages and exploring the functional significance of genetic variations under different environmental conditions. This will not only enhance our knowledge of bryophyte evolution, but also inform conservation strategies and potential applications in biotechnology.

Comparative analysis of volume growth processes of Masson pine and Chinese fir forests in different regions of southern China.

Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) are important coniferous species commonly found in southern China and play crucial ecological and economic roles. Understanding how regionally variable conditions influence their growth patterns can support effective forest management strategies and conservation efforts. Here, we used the Richards growth equation to comprehensively analyze their volumetric growth processes through multiple diverse regions in southern China, representing a pioneering large-scale application of unified modeling techniques. This work provides theoretical and technical knowledge to support the sustainable stewardship of these vital forest ecosystems. We found that: (1) The highest per-hectare volume accumulation occurs in southwestern China, at 97.455 m3hm-2 for P. massoniana and 85.288 m3hm-2 for C. lanceolata. These values are higher than in the southeastern (71.424 m3hm-2 and 79.520 m3hm-2, respectively) or south-central regions (70.697 m3hm-2 and 65.647 m3hm-2), predominantly due to varying stand maturity across these regions. (2) Both species exhibit age-dependent growth patterns in the first 100 years of forest development, characterized by rapid early growth and transitioning into slower, stable phases. The highest total volume growth for P. massoniana occurred in the southwest, followed by the southeast and south-central regions. Conversely, C. lanceolata growth is highest in the southeast, followed by south-central and the southwest. (3) Quantitative maturity for P. massoniana ranges from 27 to 29 years (average: 30 years) whereas C. lanceolata matures earlier, between 16 to 19 years (average: 20 years). Climate and soil factors significantly influence their growth dynamics, with precipitation, temperature variation, and soil characteristics driving differences in suitability and growth potential across distinct regions in southern China. Tailored management practices that align with local climatic and environmental conditions are recommended to optimize growth and ensure sustainable management and development of P. massoniana and C. lanceolata forests.

Fish models to explore epigenetic determinants of hypoxia-tolerance.

The occurrence of environmental hypoxia in freshwater and marine aquatic systems has increased over the last century and is predicted to further increase with climate change. As members of the largest extant vertebrate group, freshwater fishes, and to a much lesser extent marine fishes, are vulnerable to increased occurrence of hypoxia. This is important as fishes render important ecosystem services and have important cultural and economic roles. Evolutionarily successful, fishes have adapted to diverse aquatic freshwater and marine habitats with different oxygen conditions. While some fishes exhibit genetic adaptions to tolerate hypoxia and even anoxia, others are limited to oxygen-rich habitats. Recent advances in molecular epigenetics have shown that some epigenetic machinery, especially histone- and DNA demethylases, is directly dependent on oxygen and modulates important transcription-regulating epigenetic marks in the process. At the post-transcriptional level, hypoxia has been shown to affect non-coding microRNA abundance. Together, this evidence adds a new molecular epigenetic basis to study hypoxia tolerance in fishes. Here, we review the documented and predicted changes in environmental hypoxia in aquatic systems and discuss the diversity and comparative physiology of hypoxia tolerance in fishes, including molecular and physiological adaptations. We then discuss how recent mechanistic advances in environmental epigenetics can inform future work probing the role of oxygen-dependent epigenetic marks in shaping organismal hypoxia-tolerance in fishes with a focus on within- and between-species variation, acclimation, inter- and multigenerational plasticity, and multiple climate-change stressors. We conclude by describing the translational potential of this approach for conservation physiology, ecotoxicology, and aquaculture.

Ecological footprint assessment of central java province: An input-output approach

The ecological footprint provides a vital measure of how human activities impact natural resources and the environment, highlighting the balance—or imbalance—between consumption and the Earth's capacity to regenerate resources. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for sustainable development, especially in regions facing resource constraints. This study assesses the ecological footprint of Central Java Province using an input-output approach to provide a comprehensive understanding of resource use and environmental impact across key sectors, including agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and built-up areas. By employing the 2016 input-output table and sector-specific land use data, this analysis calculates the direct and indirect land demands associated with final consumption and economic activities. The findings reveal that agriculture and fisheries exhibit the highest ecological footprints per capita, emphasizing their significant demand on land and water resources. The built-up sector, while more efficient in land use, contributes heavily to Central Java’s export economy, indicating its vital economic role. Results also highlight Central Java’s reliance on imported resources, particularly in forestry, to supplement local production, revealing the interconnectedness of regional and global resource flows. The study underscores the importance of adopting sustainable practices in high-impact sectors, such as agriculture, to reduce ecological strain and achieve a balanced resource footprint. This ecological footprint assessment offers insights into sector-specific sustainability challenges and guides policy recommendations for sustainable resource management in Central Java.

Impact of Christianity on the Extinction of Ekau Feminine Cult in Ekori

There is no argument that Christianity played a great and positive role in Ekori by getting rid of heinous cultural practices, provision of health care services and educating the people, but it has also robbed the people of certain cultural institutions and heritage. Ekau Cult was a highly placed and important social institution that played a variety of roles in the community; ranging from maintaining ethical order and stability, judicial, economic and security roles. The qualitative method of data collection and analysis which includes both primary and secondary materials. Primary data were gathered from the field through extensive oral interviews under a conducive atmosphere void of external influences which attest to the originality of the information obtained. The secondary data includes works written by scholars found in journals, textbooks and Internet. It was discovered in the course of this research that the extinction of Ekau Feminine Cult has resulted to insecurity, moral decadence, infertility and infidelity, broken relationships, domestic violence, among others. The need for cultural revivalism, self identity and religious tolerance is among the recommendations made in this work.

Lifestyle of Women In Tea Garden Community: A Systematic Literature Review

Tea is integral part of our society. Popularity of tea as a beverage was established by the British East India Company. However, the soothing aroma and delicate beauty of tea conceal the harsh reality of the heavy labor of tea garden workers, specifically women. More than fifty percent of workers in tea industry are women. So, the economic role of women in tea industry is very crucial. In the tea garden community women are the primary breadwinners and men livelihood depend on them. They manage both domestic responsibilities and work in tea estate from early in the morning to evening. Despite this, in their community women receive limited recognition and value. They also struggle for decent education, healthcare, living conditions, and safety. To better understand their circumstances, a systematic review was conducted to provide an overview of lifestyle of the female tea garden community. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was used to identify, screening the article then eligible articles were included. A total number of 932 studies were eligible for systematic review. Most of the studies were obtained from Google Scholar, followed by Science Direct and Eric. Only 16 studies were included in our study. Based on these studies, educational and financial condition are the major factor that effect their lifestyle. Studies pointed out tea community women are in most vulnerable position. Every aspect of their lifestyle is filled with difficulties from their early marriage to discrepancies in wages. So, there is a need for evidence based, comprehensive intervention procedures to uplift the women’s lifestyle of tea community.

The Economic Role of the Agricultural Extension Sector in Reducing the Sugar Gap in Egypt

The Economic Role of the Agricultural Extension Sector in Reducing the Sugar Gap in Egypt

Worker-Mothers Between Legitimation and Discipline: Ambiguities in Egg Donation and Surrogacy in Ukraine

ABSTRACT In this article I explore the dual impact of framing egg donation and surrogacy as work in Ukraine’s fertility market. Egg donors, surrogates, and ART professionals use the labor narrative to legitimize these practices, albeit with differing aims. Women emphasize their economic role as worker-mothers, demanding fair treatment and recognition, while clinics employ the framework to market surrogates and donors and hold them accountable for outcomes. Without legal labor protections, this discourse empowers women to claim dignity and rights yet imposes disciplinary demands and shifts risks onto them, reflecting the precarities of their work.

The Economic Role of Baltic Sea Region Seaports in Changing Geopolitical Conditions

Motives: Seaports are key nodes in the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T), handling a significant part of the European Union’s trade and freight transport. Baltic Sea ports, including those in Poland, have gained strategic importance due to their high growth rates and intense maritime traffic. Aim: This article examines the economic role of Baltic Sea ports under changing geopolitical conditions. It proposes two hypotheses: one on the relationship between economic growth and port cargo turnover, and the other on the strengthening positions of Baltic ports as key logistics hubs. The study analyzes statistical data on port cargo turnover, functional models, and classifications using Pearson’s correlation and structural analysis. Results: The main conclusions highlight the strengthening positions of Baltic Sea ports despite current challenges, emphasizing the need for further infrastructure development and service quality improvement. This article contributes to the field by providing a comprehensive analysis of the role of Baltic Sea ports, taking into account current geopolitical and economic factors, and by proposing an approach for assessing their current status and development prospects. The results are potentially useful for strategic planning in maritime transport.

The Existence of Pekalongan Batik Cultural Heritage: Between Economy and Religion

This study explores the cultural heritage of Pekalongan batik, which holds the identity of the City of Batik and the City of Santri. The analysis focuses on the economic, cultural, and Islamic roles and how they determine the existence of batik businesses that have persisted until now. This study uses a cultural approach with case study analysis and finds that batik businesses transmit a cultural heritage that continues from generation to generation until batik becomes a cultural identity and the lifeblood of Pekalongan's economy. Cultural transmission occurs socially, through learning processes, interaction among peers, socialization in society, skill mastery cadreship, and batik business management. As a source of grassroots economy, batik is integrated into society's daily activities, crystallizing in mindset as tradition and implicating in the development and preservation of batik that always follows the dynamics of the times. The cultural inheritance of batik cannot be separated from the role of religion, which serves as a source of moral vitality and a means to preserve the existence and sustainability of batik business.

Exploring Beekeepers' Experiences and Perceptions of Anaphylaxis Risks: A Qualitative Study to Inform Targeted Health Education Programs.

Beekeeping plays crucial natural and economic roles but also poses health risks, as bee stings can cause severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening condition that requires timely intervention. Understanding symptoms and the proper use of adrenaline autoinjectors is essential to minimize risks. This study aimed to assess the need for education on anaphylaxis and to develop a health education program to enhance beekeepers' preparedness and safety. A qualitative descriptive interpretative method was employed. Two focus groups were conducted, one with eight health care professionals specializing in allergy and clinical immunology and the other with six active beekeepers. The data were analyzed via content analysis using QDA Miner® Lite v3.0.5 software. The analysis structure comprises five thematic areas: (1) the management of anaphylaxis; (2) the prevention of anaphylaxis; (3) health education approaches; (4) systemic approaches in prevention; and (5) adrenaline autoinjectors. The results highlight key challenges, including the need for better strategies to manage anaphylaxis, improve prevention, and provide practical educational programs for beekeepers. There is also a need for better collaboration between health care professionals and beekeepers, as well as improved access to and knowledge of adrenaline autoinjectors. Targeted education for beekeepers on recognizing anaphylaxis symptoms and using adrenaline autoinjectors is essential for timely intervention and preventing severe outcomes. Given their exposure to bee stings, beekeepers require proper training and regular practice to improve preparedness and safety. This research underscores the need for a comprehensive educational program to reduce anaphylaxis risk and enhance safety in beekeeping.