Role In Conflict Resolution Research Articles

The Conflict Resolution Roles of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church

ABSTRACTReligious institutions have an organic role to play in conflict resolution. This study examines the role of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church in resolving recent conflicts in Ethiopia on the basis of data from the Amhara regional state. The study used a qualitative research methodology. Focus group discussions and semi‐structured interviews with key informants were used to gather data. Participants were selected from various dioceses and the Amhara police commission, including representatives from the Council of Religious Institutions in the Amhara region, church officials, priests, academics and police officers, on the basis of their experience, knowledge and proximity to the issues. Thus, the study assesses the church's role in conflict resolution, the methods used, and the challenges the church has encountered in its efforts. The findings show that throughout its lengthy history, the church has made a beneficial, all‐encompassing contribution to conflict resolution, and it is recognized in the community for now serving this purpose. Apart from settling inter‐group and personal disputes, the church has also attempted to mediate between armed groups and the government in some parts of the regional state. The study argues that, despite continuing to work towards some success, the church has become less effective at settling political conflicts. To foster pathways for lasting peace, this calls for strengthening the Church's position as a traditional conflict resolution institution among the relevant stakeholders and safeguarding its established methods and authority from being undermined by unwarranted intervention from the government and other disputing parties.

Brokering Peace: Japan’s Conflict-Resolution Role in Southeast Asia during the Cold War

ABSTRACT In contrast to descriptions of Japan as a country that shied away from involvement in international political affairs during the Cold War, this article shows that since the 1960s, Japan has actively engaged in diplomacy to resolve conflicts in Southeast Asia. What motivated these efforts? What role did Japan play? What are the characteristics of Japan’s diplomacy? Drawing on declassified diplomatic documents, these questions are addressed by investigating Japan’s peace brokering in four conflicts during the Cold War era. The findings deepen our understanding of Japan’s contribution to conflict-resolution and its political role in Southeast Asia during the Cold War, which was much more active than claimed in the literature.

Nature and causes of conflict among communities bordering in Borabu-Sotik Border Kenya

This study sought to analyse the nature and causes of conflict among communities bordering in Borabu-Sotik border Kenya. Cross-border conflicts have long existed worldwide, with recent ethnic and communal tensions affecting Africa, including Kenya. This study utilised descriptive statistics and a qualitative research design, focusing on churches at the Borabu-Sotik border, such as SDA, PAG, and Catholic, with a target population of 7,738 respondents. In the context of interfaith relations at Borabu and Sotik, churches play a significant role in conflict resolution through mediation and negotiations. Religious leaders actively mediate disputes and promote compromises between conflicting parties. Additionally, the church contributes to nation building by advocating for peace and supporting youth often involved in conflicts. The church collaborates with the government and other agencies to address social issues like land rights and ethnic discrimination, thus maintaining stability and security. The study used purposive and simple random sampling to select a sample size of 392 respondents, comprising 35 church leaders and 357 church members. Proportionate sampling methods were employed to categorize the sample according to churches. Stratified random sampling was usedto select the respondents, who were then given questionnaires. Data collection tools included interview schedules for church leaders, questionnaires for church members, focus group discussions, and a checklist. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, means, and standard deviations were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).

Основные направления оптимизации конфликтности управленческой среды в воинских коллективах технологиями социального регулирования

The article investigates methods for optimizing conflict management within the administrative environment of military units through social regulation technologies. It analyzes the specific features of such units, including their hierarchical structure, discipline, and the diversity of social, cultural, and educational groups. Various types of social regulation technologies are examined, including normative, realistic, and idealistic approaches, their roles in conflict resolution, and their impact on the manageability and cohesion of military units. The theoretical part examines the causes of conflicts, such as unreasonable managerial decisions, violation of social justice, excessive guardianship of superiors and insufficient prestige of command positions. The article emphasizes the importance of integrating theoretical knowledge and practical skills in conflict management to enhance the combat readiness and effectiveness of units. It also highlights the need for the systematization and dissemination of best practices in conflict resolution within military units.

Parental Rearing and Conflict Resolution among College Freshmen Students

The initial foray into college life is a significant stress test of a young adult's ability to resolve conflicts, which is a critical life skill that impacts all facets of their burgeoning independence. As they confront these challenges, the legacy of their parental rearing becomes a potent influence on their capacity to manage conflicts. Moreover, the way students handle disputes and stressors can shape their entire college experience, with ineffective conflict resolution strategies being linked to a host of adjustment difficulties. Despite the central role of conflict resolution in student development, there remains a gap in understanding the precise mechanisms through which parental rearing styles imprint these skills. Addressing this gap is not merely of academic interest but carries substantial practical implications. It is crucial to delve into the intricacies of how early family dynamics shape conflict resolution strategies in college freshmen.

Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Employee Voice and Academic Staff Retention in Nigerian Universities: Mediating Role of Conflict Resolution

Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Employee Voice and Academic Staff Retention in Nigerian Universities: Mediating Role of Conflict Resolution

The Declining Role of Nigeria As Africa’s Peacekeeper in the UN Security Council

ABSTRACT Africa is the epicenter of conflict in the world. Seven of the 12 current United Nations peacekeeping operations are in Africa, and 80% of its peacekeepers are deployed on the continent. Nigeria is one of the largest troops contributing countries to the UN. This article interrogates Nigeria’s peacekeeping role in Africa and its voting pattern at the Council. Founded on unstructured interviews, it offers deep insight into Nigeria’s leadership role in conflict resolution and peacekeeping during the 2010/2011 and 2014/2015 tenures. Nigeria has declined in influence and is unable to provide the robust conflict resolution that Africa needs.

Komunikasi Krisis Dalam Organisasi: Analisis Naratif Tentang Pengelolaan Konflik Internal

This research aims to examine internal conflict management in organizations through narrative analysis of crisis communication. Qualitative methods were used to understand the causes of conflict, crisis management strategies, leadership roles, the impact of conflict, communication techniques used, and policies and procedures implemented in the organization. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document analysis. The results revealed that internal conflicts are often caused by differences in interests, lack of effective communication, and organizational change. Effective crisis management strategies involve open communication, mediation, and a proactive approach. Responsive and thoughtful leadership plays a key role in conflict resolution. Poorly managed conflict negatively impacts productivity, employee morale, and team collaboration, and damages the organization's image. Communication techniques such as collaborative approaches and assertive communication are essential in managing crises. The practical implications of these findings are the need for the development of clear conflict resolution policies, conflict management training, promotion of open communication, and periodic evaluation of policy effectiveness. With a comprehensive approach, organizations can improve work dynamics and strengthen teamwork.

Kyrgyzstan-Tajikistan Border Skirmishes (2022) and Waning Russian Influence in Central Asia

Since their independence, Central Asian republics witnessed most serious interstate military escalation between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in 2022 which left several dead and hundreds injured. There is around 600 KMs of disputed border between the two states which is the major bone of contention. This war also led to a substantial damage to civilian properties. This study analyses the reasons, intensity and outcomes of the war. It particularly evaluates the Russian role in conflict resolution and impacts of this war on the regional security. Findings show that Russian involvement in Ukraine war has negatively impacted its ability to keep influence in the Central Asian region. Russian led CSTO also offered diplomatic solution by connecting both parties through telephonic conversation. Research recommends a regional mechanism to resolve the border conflicts not only between Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan but in the whole region. 

Faith-Based Leadership in Conflict Resolution: The Practices of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)

In an era marked by prevalent global conflicts, the role of effective leadership in conflict resolution has become increasingly crucial. This study delves into the leadership approaches of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), exploring their significance in fostering stability and managing conflicts in today's diverse geopolitical landscape, with a focus on regions such as America, Europe, the Middle East, and particularly Islamic countries where conflicts are notably pronounced. At the heart of this research are three pivotal historical events that exemplify Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) role in conflict resolution. Firstly, the establishment of a peaceful society in Al-Madina post-conflict between the Aws and Khazraj tribes, highlighting his adeptness in creating unity among Jews and Muslims from varied backgrounds, as evidenced in the Constitution of Medina. The Hudaybiyyah incident is a testament to Prophet Muhammad's strategic foresight in choosing to avoid bloodshed and emphasize peaceful resolutions. Moreover, his approach during the conquest of Mecca, characterized by non-violence and eschewing revenge, stands in stark contrast to the modern methods of retaliation and aggression seen in conflicts such as those in Gaza, Vietnam, Afghanistan, and Iraq.. In this event, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) exemplified the preference for forgiveness and reconciliation over revenge, fostering societal healing. This research scrutinizes Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) methodologies through the prism of contemporary peacebuilding strategies, illustrating how his 1400-year-old teachings remain relevant in addressing today's challenges. His leadership traits — compassion, humility, and unwavering commitment to justice — are evaluated as essential for today's leaders. The study links these qualities with Sustainable Development Goal 16, which advocates for peaceful, inclusive societies with accessible justice for all. Moreover, this study tackles the issue of Islamophobia by providing historical insights and factual clarifications about Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) practices, aiming to dismantle misconceptions and contribute to a more inclusive, understanding global community. The primary objective is to demonstrate the significant impact that faith-based leadership, exemplified by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), can have in guiding communities towards effective conflict resolution and peacebuilding.

INDONESIA'S DIPLOMATIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE ISRAEL-PALESTINE CONFLICT SINCE 1948

This article explores the dynamics of Indonesian diplomacy in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Despite ongoing tensions and armed confrontations between Palestinian fighters and the Israeli military, Indonesia has consistently advocated for Palestinian independence through a two-state solution. The historical ties between Indonesia and Palestine, coupled with the academic connections between Palestinian scholars and Indonesian students studying in Egypt, have strengthened the diplomatic relationship between the two nations. Indonesia's active role in supporting Palestinian recognition of Indonesian independence, alongside Egypt, remains relevant today. Using conflict resolution theory as a framework, this article delves into Indonesia's diplomatic efforts to address the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Notably, Indonesia has actively participated as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council, opposing policies such as US President Donald Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as the capital of Israel and relocate the embassy there. The findings illustrate Indonesia's multifaceted role in conflict resolution, encompassing positions as a co-sponsor, facilitator, mediator, participant, initiator, actor, motivator, and justifier in its endeavors to help resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. By presenting these insights, the article aims to contribute to the understanding of Indonesia's unique diplomatic contributions to the ongoing conflict while avoiding plagiarism.

Empathetic Pedagogies in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Teaching: Specific Strategies and Experiences from the Mekong Delta Context

In the current landscape of global education, the importance of understanding and effectively integrating emotional intelligence into teaching practices has gained significant attention. Within this framework, the role of empathy in teaching is emerging as a crucial component, particularly in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) settings where cultural and linguistic barriers present unique challenges. This study delves into the intricate role of empathy in EFL teaching, particularly within the Mekong Delta region. Employing qualitative research methods, in-depth interviews with 10 EFL educators were conducted to extract nuanced insights about their perceptions and experiences regarding empathetic practices in the classroom. The findings, after conducting thematic analysis, revealed multiple thematic areas: the challenges of balancing empathy with academic rigour; the influence of personal experiences on empathetic practices; the relationship between empathy and student motivation; empathy’s role in conflict resolution and classroom management; and the profound impact of empathy on teachers’ self-growth and renewal. Through the lens of socio-cultural theory and transformative learning theory, the study illuminates the deep intertwining of empathy with socio-cultural dynamics and transformative educational experiences. While the results underscore the paramount importance of empathy in enhancing classroom dynamics, student motivation and teacher development, they are grounded in the specific socio-cultural context of the Mekong Delta. Therefore, generalisations to broader EFL contexts should be made with caution. This research contributes to the burgeoning literature on empathetic pedagogies, emphasising its significance in modern EFL teaching environments.

Cultural Sentinels: Ọkọnkọ Society's Watchdog Role in Conflict Resolution and Cultural Preservation in Umuahia Community

Purpose of the Study: This study investigates the diverse roles of the Ọkọnkọ Society in Umuahia, Nigeria, particularly its use of Igbo language and cultural practices in conflict resolution and cultural preservation, challenging the conventional view of the society as merely a secret male cult. Methodology: The study employs qualitative, ethnographic methodologies including in-depth interviews, FGDs, and non-participant observations in Umuahia, supplemented by scholarly literature, with analysis grounded in hermeneutics, semiotics, and conflict management theories to emphasize the role of language and culture in the Ọkọnkọ Society's practices. Main Findings: The research uncovers the crucial role of the Ọkọnkọ Society in Umuahia as a guardian of peace and cultural sentinel. Key findings include the society's use of Igbo proverbs and semiotics (e.g., ọmụ palm frond, uhie drum) in conflict mediation, and the societal respect and trust they command. The society's conflict resolution role extends beyond mere mediation, effectively acting as an appellate court within the community, especially in land disputes. The study also highlights society's role in preserving and enforcing cultural norms and practices. Applications of this Study: This research has practical implications for understanding indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms in African communities. It offers insights for policymakers and social workers in designing culturally sensitive conflict management strategies. Additionally, it contributes to preserving the cultural heritage of the Igbo people by documenting traditional practices and societal structures. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study is original in its comprehensive examination of the Ọkọnkọ Society, linking Igbo language and culture with conflict management practices. It fills a significant gap in academic research by shedding light on the societal and cultural dynamics within the Umuahia community, thus providing a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between language, culture, and social governance in an African context.

Gain Power Through No Power: Effectiveness of China's Roles in Conflict Resolution between Saudi Arabia and Iran Long-Standing Dispute

This research will discuss about the role of China as a conflict resolver between Saudi Arabia and Iran that just happened in March 2023. The two Gulf states decided to work toward settling their differences in accordance with a set of international principles and two bilateral agreements reached in 1998 and 2001 after seven years of military and diplomatic animosity. A deal to restore diplomatic ties between Riyadh and Tehran was announced in a joint statement by Saudi Arabia, Iran, and China on March 10 and Beijing become the place these intense negotiations take place. This shows how big China roles and influence in the middle east, thus bringing the researcher to a question what strategy they used. This research uses qualitative research method by collecting data from former journal and research. This research found that China goal behind taking the role is to strengthen their stances through soft balancing strategy. Thus, this research will explain more about the strategy and the use of China diplomacy approach that compliment it, making it possible for China to gain power without exerting one at all.

Religious Moderation in Constantinople in the Resolution of Political Conflicts in the 14th Century

The Islamic conquest of Constantinople in the 14th century is a captivating historical episode in history that continues to intrigue historians. It stands out due to the involvement of two major world religions - Islam and Christianity. Furthermore, this conquest marked the end of the Roman civilization. One notable aspect of this conquest was the harmonious relationship between Muslims and Christians, which persisted before and after the event. This study aims to explore the implementation of religious moderation in Constantinople to resolve political conflicts. Adopting a historical methodology, the research collects data through extensive documentation and literature studies, employing a socio-political approach. The findings highlight that religious moderation played a crucial role in conflict resolution during the 14th century in Constantinople. The concept of religious moderation was not only applied before the conquest, but also after it. Before the conquest, the value of moderation was demonstrated through peaceful negotiations between the Islamic kingdom and the Catholic prelate in Rome. Several treaties were agreed upon, emphasizing the importance of faith and peaceful dialogue over resorting to military confrontation. Following the conquest, Sultan Muhammad al-Fatih exemplified religious moderation by engaging in negotiations with the inhabitants of Hagia Sophia. They agreed an agreement allowing Christians to continue practicing their faith despite being under Islamic rule. Additionally, al-Fatih displayed respectful treatment towards the prelate and Christian warlords, further exemplifying the value of moderation. The findings of this study shed light on the significance of religious moderation in resolving conflicts and offer a fascinating insight into the history of Constantinople during this period

Resolving the Conflict in Thailand’s Southern Border Provinces: Contentions between Upholding State Authority and Human Rights within the asean Context

Abstract Based on an examination of the peace process in Thailand’s southern border provinces, this article asks what are the important lessons learned for strengthening asean’s role in conflict resolution. The argument of this article is threefold. First, asean’s entrenched norms have prevented a regularised role for asean in the area of conflict resolution. Second, due to this arrangement, asean member states have applied a varied mix of approaches to resolving or managing ethnic conflicts. From a comparative perspective, the Thai approach to resolving the conflict falls in an in-between position along the spectrum of democratic and authoritarian means used by its fellow asean member states. Third, the lack of regularised procedures is not necessarily an obstacle to resolving conflict but it reduces opportunities to deepen regional cooperation. More pressing is asean’s inability to protect minority rights, which has negatively affected asean’s centrality, and its commitment to building a people-centred community.

Historical aspect of international mediation and current trends in its development

The article «Historical aspect of international mediation and modern trends of its development» explores the evolution and role of international mediation throughout history and analyzes the current trends of its development in the modern world. The article examines the role of mediation in conflict resolution in different eras, starting from ancient civilizations to the present. Particular attention is paid to key stages in the development of international mediation, such as the Renaissance, the 19th and 20th centuries, and modernity, with a focus on the influence of international organizations and technological innovations. Current trends are also analyzed, including the expansion of actors, the use of modern technology, the increasing role of regional organizations, and cultural sensitivity. The article emphasizes that contemporary international mediation is becoming a more complex and multidimensional phenomenon, playing an important role in conflict resolution and maintaining stability on the world stage.
 The article considers international mediation as one of the alternative ways of resolving legal conflicts. The historical aspect of the emergence of international mediation is analyzed, the main trends of its development are highlighted.
 The historical aspect of the development of international mediation and modern trends of its development reflect significant progress in the field of international conflict resolution. Since ancient times, people and groups have sought to use mediation to resolve disputes and prevent wars. In the modern world, international mediation has become an increasingly recognized and effective tool for conflict resolution and peacekeeping.
 Current trends in the institution of international mediation encompass a number of important aspects that reflect changes in world politics, technological advances, and cultural preferences.
 Here are the key ones:
 S As the role of various regional players, such as regional organizations, has strengthened, their influence on international mediation has grown. They are becoming important mediators of conflicts in their regions and can play a crucial role in maintaining stability.
 S Information and communication technologies are opening up new avenues for mediation, including virtual platforms and cyber-mediation. They facilitate the exchange of information and enable remote interaction between parties to a conflict.
 S In addition to States and international organizations, non-governmental organizations, academic institutions and private companies are increasingly involved in international mediation. Their expertise and neutrality can make a significant contribution to conflict resolution.
 S Modern mediators are increasingly paying attention to the cultural, religious and social dimensions of conflicts. Understanding local customs and values can contribute to effective mediation.
 S Mediation is increasingly linked to economic motives and measures to stimulate peace and cooperation. Economic support can be a means of encouraging constructive solutions.
 S An important aspect of current trends is the development of standards and ethics for mediators. Professionally trained and competent mediators contribute to successful conflict resolution.
 S Modern mediation increasingly focuses on conflict prevention and avoidance, as well as on rapid response to initial tensions.
 У Media and public opinion play an important role in creating an atmosphere of trust and support for successful mediation. Modern mediators are increasingly engaging with the public and using media platforms for communication and influence.
 The combination of these trends points to the evolution of the institution of international mediation towards a more flexible, integrated and adaptive system that can better meet the challenges of contemporary international conflicts.
 Current trends in the development of the institution of international mediation include the growing interest in the use of mediation in international disputes, the establishment of specialized international mediation centers and the development of professional standards for international mediators.

How servant leadership influences the effectiveness of project management: antecedents and consequences

PurposeThis study investigates the link between servant leadership and project management effectiveness in developmental projects in non-governmental organisations (NGOs). Further, this study examined the mediating role of conflict resolution and moderating role of organisational culture.Design/methodology/approachA three-wave survey of 288 non-governmental organisation (NGO) employees was used to evaluate the hypotheses. Hierarchical regression analysis and Hayes' PROCESS macro technique were used for data analysis.FindingsIn this study, servant leadership positively affects employee project management effectiveness in developmental projects in NGOs, and conflict resolution mediates the relationship. Furthermore, the results show that organisational culture moderates the positive relationship between servant leadership and employee project management effectiveness. Moreover, the authors investigated the hypotheses via a moderation mediation model. The strength of the mediated link between servant leadership and project management effectiveness (via conflict resolution) depends on organisational culture strength.Practical implicationsLeaders that practice servant leadership care for their employees genuinely and serve them by allowing them to make their own decisions. Every organisation may benefit from this leadership style since it encourages project effectivenessOriginality/valueNew empirical data from this study suggests that servant leadership positively and substantially affects employee project management effectiveness in developmental projects in NGOs.

CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS ROLE ON CONFLICT RESOLUTIONS AND PEACEKEEPING MISSION ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE WEST POKOT AND TURKANA IN KENYA

There are conflicts in many pastoral communities around the globe, while the Sahel region and East Africa demonstrate sustained levels of inter-pastoral violent conflicts with associated potential impacts on their livelihoods. Turkana-Pokot Violence across borders, conflict is now the norm. A number of efforts have been made by various bodies to bring peace to the region. Despite the Kenya Police Reservists disarmament and arming of communities, peace initiative meetings, prosecuting perpetrators, declaringof illicit firearms surrender, amnesties, and setting up of peace committees continue to prevail in the region, insecurity and violent conflicts. It is in this regard that the researcher examines the role of civil society organizations in peacebuilding and reconstruction, which has gained significant attention over the last fifty years. Today, the main question is whether civil society organizations have an impact on peacebuilding efforts in the world, especially in third world countries or not. This study has primarily utilized the Protracted Social Conflicts (PSC) theory of Edward Azar. The study adopted descriptive research design. The study was conducted in Turkana and West Pokot Counties of Kenya. A total of 434 respondents were targeted in Pokot North and Turkana South. The sample size of 130 respondents was selected from each of the two Sub Counties. Data was collected using questionnaires, interview schedules, and document analysis and focus group discussions. Pilot study was conducted in Wajir County to establish reliability and validity of research instruments using content analysis and Cronbach alpha respectively. Quantitative data was analyzed using the SPSS to obtain descriptive statistics and chi-square. Qualitative data was analyzed by use of themes and presented in narrative form. Quantitative data was presented in form of tables, charts and graphs. Qualitative data was presented in form of narratives and verbatim quotations. The findings of the study revealed that, the proximity of Turkana County to three international borders, namely Uganda, South Sudan and Ethiopia had contributed to the proliferation of small arms through the porous borders that are not governed by the respective governments. This contributed to the availability and cheapness of small arms in Turkana County as a whole, hence the sustenance of the conflict between the two communities. Therefore, this theoretical framework was useful in anchoring the study. The study findings therefore suggested that Politics, governance, peace-building strategies, commercialization of raided animals and proliferation of small arms are the sustainers of conflict among the pastoral communities of Turkana and West Pokot Counties of Kenya. The study established that CSOs play a crucial role in conflict resolution in West Pokot. The study found out that CSOs provides food, clothing, water and tents in case of calamity. This was attributed to the fact that basic needs and health services are basic for the survival of every community. It was also established that NGOs settling conflict affected persons leads to conflict resolution. When natural resources are,well-managed conflicts are minimized. The CSOs provided for meetings during which residents were given awareness concerning peace and conflict resolution. The study revealed that CSOs organized social functions once per year.

Using Literature to Facilitate Restorative Conversations that Foster Conflict Resolution

AbstractDuring recess a conflict occurred between two fourth graders. A peer attempted to mediate unsuccessfully. Frustrated, the student protested, “[Teachers] never listen to us!” The student felt unheard and sought to play a more active role in conflict resolution. This article explores the use of literature to facilitate restorative conversations to foster conflict resolution by honoring all students' voices, perspectives, and experiences. Centering students' voices creates environments that disrupt oppressive systems and cultivate equitable anti‐racist learning spaces.