Role Of Vitamin B12 Research Articles

Role of pyridoxine and oxidative stress in asthenozoospermia

PurposeInfertility is a worldwide concern, and recent research indicates that vitamin B6 deficiency may play a role in male infertility, primarily by inducing hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress. These processes can have a detrimental effect on semen quality, ultimately affecting male fertility. Here, we aim to evaluate the biochemical status of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) in relation to total glutathione and total antioxidant capacity. Materials and methodsA case control study samples were collected of asthenozoospermic (n = 63) and normospermic (n = 43) cases, with average men age 30.35 ± 7.03 years old. Semen plasma specimens representing both fertile and sub-fertile men visiting two different secondary care health institute in Irbid province, Jordan. All samples were assessed according to WHO guidelines (2021) and by using spectrophotometry to evaluate the semen plasma levels of vitamin B6, glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). ResultsOur main finding is there is significant positive correlations between the seminal plasma concentration of GSH (p < 0.0001) and TAC (p < 0.0073) are significantly correlated with vitamin B6 deficiency in asthenozoospermia group in comparison to normozoospermia cases. A significant decrease (p < 0.0001) the levels of vitamin B6 in men with asthenozoospermia compared to normozoospermic men (control) with an approximate 80 % percent reduction in the mean levels between groups. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that pyridoxine deficiency may very well alter the GSH system, in so doing affecting the antioxidant defense mechanism against reactive oxygen species to sperm, impacting sperm development and maturation. leading to asthenozoospermia.

Role of vitamin B12 and folic acid in treatment of Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials.

Vitamin B12 and folic acid could reduce blood homocysteine levels, which was thought to slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but previous studies regarding the effect of vitamin B12 and folic acid in treatment of AD have not reached conclusive results. We searched PubMed and Embase until January 12, 2023. Only randomized control trials involving participants clearly diagnosed with AD and who received vitamin B12 and folic acid were enrolled. Five studies that met the criteria were selected for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Changes in cognitive function were measured based on either the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) or the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog). Changes in daily life function and the level of blood homocysteine were also investigated. After a 6-month treatment, administration of vitamin B12 and folic acid improved the MMSE scores more than placebo did (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.01 to 0.32, p = 0.04) but did not significantly affect ADAS-Cog scores (SMD = 0.06, 95% CI = -0.22 to 0.33, p = 0.68) or measures of daily life function. Blood homocysteine levels were significantly decreased after vitamin B12 and folic acid treatment. Participants with AD who received 6 months of vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation had better MMSE scores but had no difference in ADAS-Cog scores. Daily life function did not improve after treatment.

PYRIDOXINE-dependent epilepsy (PDE): An observational study of neonatal cases on the role of pyridoxine in patients treated with standard anti-seizure medications

BackgroundThe main objective of this study was to evaluate the neurological consequences of delayed pyridoxine administration in patients diagnosed with Pyridoxin Dependent Epilepsies (PDE). Materials and MethodsWe reviewed 29 articles, comprising 52 genetically diagnosed PDE cases, ensuring data homogeneity. Three additional cases were included from the General Pediatric Operative Unit of San Marco Hospital. Data collection considered factors like age at the first seizure's onset, EEG reports, genetic analyses, and more. Based on the response to first-line antiseizure medications, patients were categorized into four distinct groups. Follow-up evaluations employed various scales to ascertain neurological, cognitive, and psychomotor developments. ResultsOur study includes 55 patients (28 males and 27 females), among whom 15 were excluded for the lack of follow-up data. 21 patients were categorized as "Responder with Relapse", 11 as "Resistant", 6 as "Pyridoxine First Approach", and 2 as "Responders". The neurological outcome revealed 37,5 % with no neurological effects, 37,5 % showed complications in two developmental areas, 15 % in one, and 10 % in all areas.The statistical analysis highlighted a positive correlation between the time elapsed from the administration of pyridoxine after the first seizure and worse neurological outcomes. On the other hand, a significant association was found between an extended latency period (that is, the time that elapsed between the onset of the first seizure and its recurrence) and worse neurological outcomes in patients who received an unfavorable score on the neurological evaluation noted in a subsequent follow-up. ConclusionsThe study highlights the importance of early recognition and intervention in PDE. Existing medical protocols frequently overlook the timely diagnosis of PDE. Immediate administration of pyridoxine, guided by a swift diagnosis in the presence of typical symptoms, might improve long-term neurological outcomes, and further studies should evaluate the outcome of PDE neonates promptly treated with Pyridoxine.

Association of Maternal Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Insulin Resistance

Background: The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has increased in recent decades. Established prevention methods for GDM include diet and exercise. Recent interest has focused on the roles of vitamin B12 and folate in the development of GDM. These micronutrients are essential for one-carbon metabolism, which is involved in many metabolic pathways. However, the study results were conflicting and varied by geographic area. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between GDM and vitamin B12 levels in our region. Methods: This case-control study enrolled 180 pregnant women at 24 - 28 weeks of gestation. Half of the participants had GDM, and the other half were healthy individuals. All participants attended outpatient pregnancy care clinics at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences from June 2020 to April 2021. Gestational age, age, and body mass index were matched between the two groups. Vitamin B12, folate, insulin, and homocysteine levels were measured in both groups and insulin resistance was calculated. The results were compared between the two groups, and the relationship between vitamin B12 levels and insulin resistance in each group was investigated. Results: Vitamin B12 deficiency was present in 15.6% of the women with GDM. There were no cases of vitamin B12 deficiency in the control group. The GDM group had lower vitamin B12 levels (365.22 ± 136.82 pg/mL vs. 496.08 ± 156.46 pg/mL, P = 0.001). There was a negative correlation between serum vitamin B12 level and insulin resistance index (P = 0.001, r = -0.62). Folate levels were higher in the GDM group (17.93 ± 3.66 ng/mL vs. 14.60 ± 5.32 ng/mL, P = 0.001), but these levels did not significantly relate to insulin resistance or GDM. Conclusions: In our region, there is a significant relationship between low levels of vitamin B12 and both insulin resistance and GDM, which suggests the need for larger studies and attention to the detection and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency during pregnancy.

Emergence in Complex Physiological Processes: The Case of Vitamin B12 Functions in Erythropoiesis

In this paper, we will explore the relation between molecular structure and functions displayed by biochemical molecules in complex physiological processes by using tools from the philosophy of science and the philosophy of scientific practice. We will argue that biochemical functions are weakly emergent from molecular structure by using an account of weak. In order to explore this thesis, we will consider the role of vitamin B12 in contributing to the process of erythropoiesis. The structure of the paper is the following: First, we will consider biochemical functions and why they cannot be easily reduced to their chemical realisers. We will suggest weak emergence as an alternative while also accounting for the relevance of the context, in our case, systemic and organisational. The paper will conclude by considering (1) how the usage of tools from the philosophy of science, such as weak emergence, can aid our understanding of the relations between the components of complex phenomena, such as erythropoiesis, and (2) how the philosophy of scientific practice sheds light on the explanatory role of processes that are dynamically stabilised and the different levels of organisation implied.

Zebrafish Model of tcn2 Deletion Reveals New Molecular Insights into the Role of Vitamin B12 in Embryonic Development

Zebrafish Model of tcn2 Deletion Reveals New Molecular Insights into the Role of Vitamin B12 in Embryonic Development

The roles of vitamin B12, 25(OH)D, and folate in primary nocturnal enuresis: A single center experience

The roles of vitamin B12, 25(OH)D, and folate in primary nocturnal enuresis: A single center experience

Redox-Catalytic Properties of Cobalamins

Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is essential for normal body function and used in the therapy of different diseases. A several studies have shown that vitamin B12 has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can play an important role in the prevention of some diseases. On the other hand, it has been reported that vitamin B12 in combination with such reducing agents as ascorbate (vitamin C) and thiols showed prooxidant activity. This review provides information on the roles of vitamin B12 in diseases accompanied by inflammation and oxidative stress and the effects of vitamin B12 administrated alone and in combinations with different reducing agents such as ascorbate and thiols on oxidative stress. In addition, the mechanisms of prooxidant actions of combinations of vitamin B12 with these reducing agents depending on the form of vitamin B12 (hydroxocobalamin and cyanocobalamin) are discussed. Understanding the mechanisms of prooxidant action of vitamin B12 is necessary for developing strategies for therapeutic administration of vitamin B12.

Role of Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Review Article

Role of Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Review Article

Can Pyridoxine Successfully Reduce Behavioral Side Effects from Levetiracetam? A Critically Appraised Topic.

Levetiracetam is a commonly used anti-seizure medication, with the development of neuropsychiatric symptoms being the most common side effect. Preliminary literature describes the improvement of these symptoms with pyridoxine, mostly within the pediatric population. However, randomized control trial data investigating this relationship is sparse. The objective of this study was to critically assess evidence regarding the role of pyridoxine in the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms from levetiracetam. The objective was addressed through the development of a structured, critically appraised topic. This included a clinical scenario with a clinical question, literature search strategy, critical appraisal, results, evidence summary, commentary, and bottom-line conclusions. Participants included consultant and resident neurologists, medical librarians, clinical epidemiologists, and content experts in the field of epilepsy. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was selected for critical appraisal. This trial compared pyridoxine versus placebo for the treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms from levetiracetam in a pediatric population and included 105 patients (46/105 received pyridoxine, 59/105 received placebo). It found that both groups had a significant reduction in behavioral symptoms at the 2-,4-and 6-week time points (P<0.05). However, the authors noted that the pyridoxine group had almost double the relative reduction when compared with the placebo group at all time points: 1.9 at 2 weeks, 2.0 at 4 weeks, and 1.8 at 6 weeks (P=0.001). This study suggests that pyridoxine for the treatment of levetiracetam-induced behavioral side effects may result in modest improvement, although many limitations prevent conclusive results. There remains a need for a double-blinded, randomized control trial in both the adult and pediatric populations.

Relationship between vitamin B12 levels and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women from Colombia Caribbean

Introduction: The high prevalence of low vitamin B12 serum levels has been recognized as a public health problem in Latin America; however, the current magnitude of this deficiency in Colombia is uncertain. Low levels of vitamin B12 can induce clinical and subclinical hematological and neurological disorders. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the role of vitamin B12 in insulin resistance has been poorly studied. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin B12 serum levels and biochemical and anthropometric markers related to CVDs and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women from Colombia Caribbean. Methods: Correlational, descriptive study. By convenience sampling, 182 postmenopausal women from the medical consultation service of a health institution were linked. Serum vitamin B12 levels, anthropometric variables (body mass index, abdominal perimeter), and biochemical variables (glycemia, insulin, lipid profile, HOMA IR) were evaluated. Results: The average value of the vitamin B12 serum level was 312.5 ± 122.5 pg/mL (230.6 ± 90.4 pmol/L); 46.7% of the women had less than adequate levels of 300 pg/mL (&gt; 221 pmol/L), and 9. 9% were deficient, with levels of less than 200 pg/mL (148 pmol/L). The women with metabolic syndrome were 63.7%, and according to HOMA IR, 52.7 % had insulin resistance. A significant inverse relationship was shown between serum vitamin B12 levels with basal glycemic (P =0.002) and HOMA-IR (P =0.040). Conclusions: A significant inverse relationship between vitamin B12 levels and basal glycemia and HOMA-IR was observed. These findings highlight vitamin B12 deficiency in postmenopausal women and suggest nutritional supplementation.

Role of Vitamin B12 and folate in metabolic syndrome – Current trends and future perspectives

The metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to a collection of illnesses which together alleviate the potential risk of insulin resistance, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and vascular and neurological outcomes such as the cerebrovascular accident. Vitamin B12 is one of the major water-soluble vitamins found among the animal products such as the dairy products, eggs, and red meat. Folate is an essential nutrient which is naturally present among the foods in a stable reduced form and is present in an oxidized form (folic acid) among the fortified foods and dietary supplements. Homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels in the blood are raised when Vitamin B12 is deficient, both of them can serve as indicators of deficiency of Vitamin B12 biochemical. Excess folate, primarily from the increased intake of folic acid, can interfere with the metabolism of cobalamin and exacerbates the Vitamin B12 deficiency symptoms, according to previous studies. Furthermore, the influence of supplementing Vitamin B12 and folate remains a largely uncharted field, hence, a lot more observational studies and randomized controlled trials are required to determine how vitamin supplementation affects each and every component of MS.

The Role of Pyridoxine in the Prevention and Treatment of Neuropathy and Neurotoxicity Associated with Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Regimens: A Topic Review

The Role of Pyridoxine in the Prevention and Treatment of Neuropathy and Neurotoxicity Associated with Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Regimens: A Topic Review

The Role of Vitamin B12 on Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase in Anemic Patients

Background: Anemia affects people at all stage of their lives, but it is most common in pregnant women and young children. Iron deficiencies are metabolic stress since it affects both the abilities to provide oxygen to tissue and the abilities to use oxygen (mitochondrial capability impairment). Vit.B12 plays role in the metabolism of AMP-activated protein kinase which considers as protection against inflammation in-vitro and in-vivo. Methodology: This study includes 30 samples of the patient and 30 samples as control groups, by centrifugation, blood samples were separated and stored at minus twenty centigrade. Different questions were asked of all patients and control groups. like duration of anemia, malabsorption, malnutrition, history, drugs, weight, height, and smoking Results: The results showed that the mean value of height levels in patients (162.2 ± 4.495 ) no significant difference (p-value = 0.6) as compared to control groups (165.6 ± 5.359) also in weight levels showed no significant difference (p-value = 0.9) between control (69.3 ± 3.418) and patients groups (63.8 ± 4.654). In vit.B12 levels, the mean value of patients (295.923 ± 162.241) showed a significant difference (p-value = 0.012*) as compared with mean of control groups (482.2 ± 158.12). In transferrin levels, there was a significant difference (p-value=0.04**) in vit.B12 levels between mean of patients (29.307 ± 11.604) and mean of control groups (42.4 ± 8.711). In addition to that, the mean value of Hb levels in patients (9.7 ± 2.200) showed significant difference (p-value = 0.03*) as compared to control groups (14.1 ± 0.94), finally, PCV levels showed a significant difference (P-value = 0.02*) in Polycythemia Vera (PCV) levels between mean of patients (43.3 ± 3.82) and mean of control groups (30.1 ± 6.601). Conclusion: In this study, further demonstrate that vit.B12 plays role to decrease inflammations by macrophage inhibition; we identify the mechanism of AMP pathway mediate vit.B12 action of anti-inflammations, and reported the relation between vit. B12 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, therefore vit.B12 is considered as a novel action of anti-inflammatory reagent responses.

Association of Serum Pyridoxal Phosphate Levels with Established Status Epilepticus.

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of pyridoxine deficiency, measured by pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) levels, in patients admitted to the hospital with established (benzodiazepine-resistant) status epilepticus (SE) (eSE) and to compare to three control groups: intensive care unit (ICU) patients without SE (ICU-noSE), non-ICU inpatients without SE (non-ICU), and outpatients with or without a history of epilepsy (outpatient). This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the University of North Carolina Hospitals and Yale New Haven Hospital. Participants included inpatients and outpatients who had serum PLP levels measured during clinical care between January 2018 and March 2021. The first PLP level obtained was categorized as normal (> 30nmol/L), marginal (≤ 30nmol/L), deficient (≤ 20nmol/L), and severely deficient (≤ 5nmol/L). A total of 293 patients were included (52 eSE, 40 ICU-noSE, 44 non-ICU, and 157 outpatient). The median age was 55 (range 19-99) years. The median PLP level of the eSE group (12nmol/L) was lower than that of the ICU-noSE (22nmol/L, p = 0.003), non-ICU (16nmol/L, p = 0.05), and outpatient groups (36nmol/L, p < 0.001). Patients with eSE had a significantly higher prevalence of marginal and deficient PLP levels (90 and 80%, respectively) than patients in each of the other three groups (ICU-noSE: 70, 50%; non-ICU: 63, 54%; outpatient: 38, 21%). This significantly higher prevalence persisted after correcting for critical illness severity and timing of PLP level collection. Our study confirms previous findings indicating a high prevalence of pyridoxine deficiency (as measured by serum PLP levels) in patients with eSE, including when using a more restricted definition of pyridoxine deficiency. Prevalence is higher in patients with eSE than in patients in all three control groups (ICU-noSE, non-ICU, and outpatient). Considering the role of pyridoxine, thus PLP, in the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid and its easy and safe administration, prospective studies on pyridoxine supplementation in patients with eSE are needed.

Effect of vitamin B6 on pain, disease severity, and psychological profile of fibromyalgia patients; a randomized, double-blinded clinical trial

BackgroundGiven the role of vitamin B6 on pronociceptive/antinociceptive neurotransmitters balance, metabolic reactions, and inflammation, it is important to clarify the effect of vitamin B6 on pain and psychological disturbance in fibromyalgia (FM). This study aimed to evaluate whether an 80-mg daily dose of vitamin B6 improves pain, disease severity and psychological symptoms of FM compared to a placebo.MethodsThis randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was performed on the FM patients whose diagnosis was confirmed by a rheumatologist based on the 2016 American College of Rheumatology (ACR). 90 Patients were randomized to receive either vitamin B6 (80 mg daily) or placebo in a 1:1 ratio, with a permuted block size of 30 stratified by disease severity. Primary outcomes included the Revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), 12-item short-form health survey (SF-12), and pain visual analog scale (pain-VAS)). The mean differences in outcomes (before and after treatment) were compared between the vitamin B6 and placebo groups using an independent T-test. An ANCOVA model adjusted for baseline outcome value was also provided to compare the outcomes between the two groups.ResultsOf 90 eligible patients, 60 patients (31 patients in vitamin B6 and 29 in the placebo group) completed the trial. Overall, the FIQR, pain-VAS, and HADS-anxiety scores improved after treatment in both vitamin B6 and placebo groups; However, there was no statistically significant intergroup difference regarding primary outcomes. ANCOVA model also showed no difference in the treatment effects.ConclusionsOur results showed no priority for vitamin B6 over placebo in FM patients. Considering the potential ameliorating role of vitamin B6 on pain and psychological symptoms, acknowledgment of vitamin B6 as a relatively safe adjuvant treatment needs larger future studies.Trial registrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20200920048782N2 on 2021/10/04.

The role of pyridoxine in the comprehensive treatment of tuberculosis patients

The review analyzes 47 publications describing the process occurring in the human body with involvement of pyridoxine (vitamin B6). The special emphasis is put on the role of vitamin B6 in prevention of adverse reactions to medications or their relief due to a comprehensive effect on many organs and systems.

Vitamin B6 decreases the risk of levetiracetam discontinuation in children with epilepsy: A retrospective study

ObjectivesLevetiracetam (LEV) is an anti-seizure medication (ASM) known to have significant behavioral side effects in children with epilepsy. These side effects may be improved by supplemental vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) use. Our research aimed to study risk factors for LEV side effects and the role of vitamin B6 in altering this risk. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the demographic and clinical profile of all pediatric patients on LEV treatment between July 2019 and December 2020. T-tests, Chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to assess predictors of LEV discontinuation. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results150/240 (62%) children were on additional medications besides LEV for epilepsy management. Thirty-five percent children reported side effects, especially behavioral and mood concerns.Of the patients who reported side effects on LEV, 71% were taking vitamin B6 (n = 59). The rate of LEV discontinuation was significantly lower for children on vitamin B6 than children not taking B6, regardless of monotherapy or polypharmacy (49% v 88% respectively, p = 0.001). Over half of the patients who were able to remain on LEV reported improved behavior with B6 supplementation as compared to those who were unable to continue LEV (17/30, 57% versus 0/26, 0%; p < 0.001). ConclusionsLevetiracetam side effects significantly impact the tolerability of this ASM in children with epilepsy. Our results suggest that vitamin B6 supplementation can significantly reduce the odds of discontinuing LEV due to its behavioral side effects.

Role of Vitamin B6 and Folic Acid in Decreasing Diabetic Peripheral Sensory and Motor Neuropathy

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is a disease of diabetic patients in which nerves of peripheral nervous system got degenerated and unable to transmit any signals. Almost 30% patients of peripheral neuropathy are positive to diabetes as well. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy occurs due to decreased serum level of B type vitamins in the body among which vitamin B6 and folic acid are more important. Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine the role of Vitamin B6 and folic acid in decreasing peripheral neuropathy. Method: This study was conducted in the hospital of sargodha from 2018 to 2020. This study was carried on 250 type 2 diabetic patients. Both males and females were included. Subjects were submitted to detailed medical history about the duration of diabetes and symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.Complete examination of nervous system was conducted .Laboratory examination was done to find out mean fasting glucose.The control group comprised of 50 potentially healthy males and females was made. Serum level of vitamins was checked before and after treatment. Result: The main symptom which was present in all the patients was severe pain in lower legs Distal numbness was reported in 200 patients. Distal sensory neuropathy was reported in 150 patients. Distal motor neuropathy was reported in 52 patients. 157 patients had demyelinating neuropathy, 57 had axonal and 44 had mixed neuropathy. Peripheral diabetic neuropathy decreased after supplementations of homocysteine, folic acid and vitamin b6. Conclusion: Vitamin B6 and folic acid are known for their role to support healthy nervous system.Vitamin B6 and folic acid improved glycemic control through decreasing homocysteine . B6 relieves nerve pain and transmits nerve impulses correctly. The risk of peripheral neuropathy increased as serum folate decreased. Their supplementations are effective strategies for the treatment of peripheral diabetic neuropathy.

0166 The Role of Vitamin B12 Supplementation in the Association between Depression Symptoms and Daytime Sleepiness

Abstract Introduction A substantial body of literature has demonstrated an association between depression and sleep disturbances. While depressive symptoms are strongly associated with limited sleep duration and quality, high depressive symptomology has been also linked to symptoms of hypersomnolence. Vitamin B12 supplementation is associated with reduced risk of depression and the enhancement of pharmacological treatment for depression, but less is known about the role of vitamin B12 on sleep disturbances associated with depressive symptoms. Thus, our current study examined vitamin B12 intake as a moderator of depression and daytime sleepiness in a national sample of adults. Methods The sample consisted of 5,553 adults who completed the 2017-18 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (M age=49.8, SD=18.6; 51.7% female). Participants reported on prescription and nonprescription dietary supplement use in the last 30 days, sleep habits and disorders adapted from the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, and completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for depression screening. All measures were administered by trained interviewers. A moderation analysis was performed using R statistical programming. The analysis controlled for age, gender, ethnicity, sleep duration, and other B-complex vitamins (e.g., B1, B2, B3, and B6). Results Depressive symptoms were significantly associated with greater daytime sleepiness (b=.06, p &amp;lt;.001). Furthermore, there was a significant interaction between depressive symptoms and vitamin B12 consumption (b=-.002, p=.003, R2=.12). Higher vitamin B12 consumption buffered the relationship between depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness. In contrast, a stronger positive relationship between depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness was observed among participants with lower Vitamin B12 consumption. Thus, the findings suggest that consuming vitamin B12 may be beneficial for counteracting daytime sleepiness associated with depression. Conclusion Findings from the current study suggest that vitamin B12 supplementation provides a small, but significant buffering effect on the relationship between depressive symptoms and daytime sleepiness. Although existing pharmacological and behavioral interventions for sleep and depression are clinically effective, vitamin B12 intake may be an additional modifiable behavior that could increase prognosis of treatment. Given the very modest interaction effect, further Support (If Any)