Role Of Speech-language Pathologist Research Articles

Stability of Literacy Profiles of Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Associations With Stakeholder Perceptions of Appropriate High School Support Needs.

Purpose For many individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), postsecondary outcomes are poor. This may be due to insufficient academic supports, particularly with regard to literacy skills, during high school. More information is needed about skill profiles so that we can better differentiate support for students with varying social, communication, cognitive, and academic proficiency levels. This study was designed to (a) identify unique literacy profiles of high school students with ASD, (b) assess profile stability over time, (c) identify predictors of profile membership, and (d) analyze stakeholder reports of required school support intensity. Method Participants were a diverse sample of high school students with ASD, 14-21 years old (N = 544), their parents, and their teachers who participated in a randomized controlled trial of a comprehensive treatment model for high school students with ASD. Standardized measures were administered to assess nonverbal IQ, autism symptomatology, language/adaptive communication, reading comprehension, academic knowledge, and parent/teacher report of school support needs intensity. Latent transition analysis was conducted to examine sample heterogeneity and to explore the stability of the profiles. Associations between profiles and reports of support intensity were examined. Results Four literacy profiles were identified that were stable over 2 years: Emergent Literacy/Comprehensive Support, Low Literacy/Intensive Support, Average Literacy/Moderate Support, and Average Literacy/Limited Support. Parent and teacher reports of school support intensity generally aligned with the profiles. Conclusions These analyses provide insight into the diverse literacy and support needs in ASD. Implications for practice and the role of speech-language pathologists in assessment and intervention are discussed. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.13495119.

The role of speech language pathologist in rehabilitation after total laryngectomy

This paper presents the role of a clinical speech therapist in a team of specialists involved in the treatment and rehabilitation of people after total laryngectomy. Particular attention was paid to the necessity of cooperation in a group of specialists and the stages of the rehabilitation process of the substitute voice and smell were presented.

The Role of Speech-Language Pathologists in Otolaryngology Resident Education.

Laryngology is an expanding field that has been increasingly incorporated into otolaryngology resident training programs nationwide. The exposure to the field is variable across training programs, despite the fact that laryngological complaints comprise a large proportion of consultations to otolaryngologists. Laryngology education is vital for the care of patients with voice, swallowing, and airway complaints as well as for the appropriate referral of patients to the laryngology team for specialized care. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) specialized in voice and swallowing disorders are well-trained in the assessment and treatment for these populations. This team recently published a paper regarding the experience of laryngology education in residency. During analysis of the results, an interesting beneficial trend developed regarding the positive impact of exposure to SLPs. This appeared to be distinct and deserved further analysis and discussion. We propose that involving SLPs in resident education may greatly enhance their training in laryngology. As per our previous paper, a cross sectional, multi-institutional study was designed to assess the exposure of residents to laryngology. Descriptive statistics were obtained for questions involving exposure to SLPs. Fisher's exact test was used to compare differences between groups. Most respondents (135/151, 89.4%) indicated having SLPs specializing in voice and swallowing disorders in their departments, although only half (77/151, 51.0%) stated that they spent formal time with them during training. Results show that residents with formal training with SLPs were more comfortable interpreting videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS) (P = .0032). Residents with SLPs in their departments were also more likely to feel confident in terminology to describe different dysphonic voices (P = .0213). Formal time with SLPs within otolaryngology residency programs varies across the country. Speech-language pathologists are a useful resource for laryngology resident training and should be included in their education.

Knowledge of Palliative Care and Advance Directives Among Speech–Language Pathology Students

Palliative care is specialized medical care offered to persons with serious health conditions, with the goal to relieve or prevent pain and suffering, to manage burdensome symptoms, and to optimize as much as possible the quality of life of patients and their families (Institute of Medicine, 2015). Speech–language pathologists (SLPs) are not always recognized as key members of palliative care teams and speech–language pathology students seldom receive training in palliative care. Yet, SLPs often have an influential role in ensuring that patients with cognitive–communicative and swallowing impairments have the best possible communicative access and quality of life, regardless of the severity of their diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to report on 110 speech pathology students' awareness and knowledge about palliative care concepts and of the role of SLPs in palliative care. This study utilized a participatory design approach for survey development to study student awareness and knowledge of select palliative care topics. Study results revealed SLP students' high exposure to the construct of quality of life, with notably limited knowledge of and exposure to palliative care and advance directives. Furthermore, SLP students frequently reported being familiar with a concept or term and yet were unable to explain the concept accurately. These data were analyzed and offer critical insights into curriculum design for training SLP students about palliative care.

Profiling the Awareness of Head and Neck Cancer and Awareness of Role of Speech Language Pathologist in Head and Neck Cancer among General Population -A Survey

Profiling the Awareness of Head and Neck Cancer and Awareness of Role of Speech Language Pathologist in Head and Neck Cancer among General Population -A Survey

Continuum of Care Following Sports-Related Concussion.

Purpose Although guidelines have changed regarding federally mandated concussion practices since their inception, little is known regarding the implementation of such guidelines and the resultant continuum of care for youth athletes participating in recreational or organized sports who incur concussions. Furthermore, data regarding the role of speech-language pathologists in the historic postconcussion care are lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the experiences of young adults with history of sports-related concussion as it related to injury reporting and received follow-up care. Method Participants included 13 young adults with history of at least one sports-related concussion across their life span. We implemented a mixed-methods design to collect both quantitative and qualitative information through structured interviews. Participants reported experiencing 42 concussions across the life span-26 subsequent to sports injuries. Results Twenty-three concussions were reported to a parent or medical professional, 14 resulted in a formal diagnosis, and participants received initial medical care for only 10 of the incidents and treatment or services on only two occasions. Participants reported concussions to an athletic trainer least frequently and to parents most frequently. Participants commented that previous experience with concussion reduced the need for seeking treatment or that they were unaware treatments or supports existed postconcussion. Only one concussion incident resulted in the care from a speech-language pathologist. Conclusion The results of the study reported herein shed light on the fidelity of sports-related concussion care management across time. Subsequently, we suggest guidelines related to continuum of care from injury to individualized therapy.

Role of speech language pathologist in the speech and swallowing assessment and management of laryngectomee - presented with a case report

The primary goal of a speech-language pathologist in a laryngectomee is to restore the clients’ functional speech ability, facilitate comfortable swallowing, and, thus, improve the quality of life. The client, a 65-year-old female, came to the department of speech-language pathology for evaluation. She was diagnosed with carcinoma in the glottic and supraglottic region and had undergone. Total laryngectomy with hemithyroidectomy with primary tracheoesophageal puncture and voice prosthesis inserted. The client had lost her voice completely and had swallowing difficulty and presented with the complaint of food getting stuck in the throat and increased duration of swallowing.

Overcoming Knowledge Barriers for Inclusion of School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists in the Management of Students with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

School-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) can play an important role in the recovery of children who have sustained a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Two types of knowledge barriers are described here that impact the beliefs and ability of SLPs to respond to the needs of these students. Foundational knowledge is relatively stable over time, and encompasses basic definitions and understanding of the injury. In contrast, flexible knowledge addresses clinical management, including assessment and treatment, and should be regularly updated to align with current best practice recommendations. Clinicians are sensitive to this difference, seeking clinically applicable continuing education. However, general poor understanding of pediatric mTBI paired with rapidly advancing research in the field has led to widespread inaccuracies in both foundational and flexible knowledge. Suggestions are provided for educational initiatives and for advocacy of the role of SLPs in the care of students with mTBI.

Role of speech-language pathologist in tracheostomy care – A case study

A “tracheotomy” refers to the surgical procedure that creates an opening between the trachea and the midline skin surface of the neck. Indicators for a tracheostomy tube include airway protection, removal of tracheal secretions, and wean from long-term mechanical ventilation. Assessment and management will be overseen by a multidisciplinary team which includes a speech-language pathologist whose involvement in tracheostomy include assisting the patient to tolerate successful periods of cuff deflation and saliva management, re-establishing verbal communication, conducting swallow assessments to re-establish oral intake, providing dysphagia rehabilitation, and providing input into the decannulation decision. This case study is focusing on the 42-year-old male who had the right cerebellopontine angle meningioma for which he underwent retrosigmoid, suboccipital craniotomy, and excision of lesion. Tracheostomy was done following stridor and wheezing, and he is under nasogastric tube for feeding. Assessment and management for swallowing and speech were focussed and results were documented.

Intimate Partner Violence and Women With Disabilities: The Role of Speech-Language Pathologists.

This article is a call to action for speech-language pathologists to address the overlooked problem of intimate partner violence (IPV) among women with communication disorders (CDs). The article aims to heighten awareness of the higher rates of IPV in women with disabilities compared to those without, and to identify types of CDs that can result from IPV. The article provides background on CDs and IPV and delineates the role speech-language pathologists can play in identifying abuse and assisting patients to disclose IPV. Practice recommendations are provided, including enhanced IPV assessment for women with CDs, best practices for intervention emphasizing a trauma-informed approach, and the importance of collaboration and appropriate referrals.

Understanding the role of speech language pathologists in managing dysphagia.

Collaboration between nurses and speech language pathologists is vital to the screening and management of dysphagia in acute care settings. This article examines each discipline's role in caring for patients with dysphagia.

Early Identification of Dyslexia: Understanding the Issues.

The purpose of this tutorial is to provide an overview of the benefits and challenges associated with the early identification of dyslexia. The literature on the early identification of dyslexia is reviewed. Theoretical arguments and research evidence are summarized. An overview of response to intervention as a method of early identification is provided, and the benefits and challenges associated with it are discussed. Finally, the role of speech-language pathologists in the early identification process is addressed. Early identification of dyslexia is crucial to ensure that children are able to maximize their educational potential, and speech-language pathologists are well placed to play a role in this process. However, early identification alone is not sufficient-difficulties with reading may persist or become apparent later in schooling. Therefore, continuing progress monitoring and access to suitable intervention programs are essential.

International Survey of Speech-Language Pathologists’ Practices in Working with Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Objective: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental impairment. To better understand the role of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in different countries in supporting children with ASD, the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP) Child Language Committee developed a survey for SLPs working with children or adolescents with ASD. Method and Participants: The survey comprised 58 questions about background information of respondents, characteristics of children with ASD, and the role of SLPs in diagnosis, assessment, and intervention practices. The survey was available in English, French, Russian, and Portuguese, and distributed online. Results: This paper provides a descriptive summary of the main findings from the quantitative data from the 1,114 SLPs (representing 35 countries) who were supporting children with ASD. Most of the respondents (91%) were experienced in working with children with ASD, and the majority (75%) worked in schools or early childhood settings. SLPs reported that the children’s typical age at diagnosis of ASD on their caseload was 3–4 years, completed mostly by a professional team. Conclusions: The results support positive global trends for SLPs using effective practices in assessment and intervention for children with ASD. Two areas where SLPs may need further support are involving parents in assessment practices, and supporting literacy development in children with ASD.

DIFICULTADES DE APRENDIZAJE ESCOLAR Y TRASTORNO POR DÉFICIT DE ATENCIÓN E HIPERACTIVIDAD (ESTUDIO BIBLIOMÉTRICO)

El trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) es una de las alteraciones neurocomportamentales más comunes de la niñez y una de las causas de consulta más frecuentes en la edad escolar, debido al gran impacto que se genera en los procesos del aprendizaje, dadas las implicaciones de las funciones ejecutivas como la memoria y la atención. El presente estudio de tipo bibliográfico tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis acerca del estado actual en que se encuentran las investigaciones con respecto al TDAH y su relación con las dificultades de aprendizaje, con el fin de indagar acerca del rol del fonoaudiólogo en este campo. En general los resultados apuntan hacia una fuerte comorbilidad entre el TDAH y dificultades de aprendizaje además de deficiencias en habilidades cognitivas, procesamiento matemático, lectura, escritura y especialmente el lenguaje.

Speech–language pathology in paediatric palliative care: A scoping review of role and practice

Purpose: Attempts have been made within the literature to clarify the role and scope of speech–language pathologists (SLPs) within paediatric palliative care (PPC). As SLP literature regarding adult/geriatric populations is gaining traction, it is fitting to investigate the role of SLPs in the management of infants and children in end-of-life care.Method: Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) scoping review method was utilised for searching multiple databases. Two database searches were undertaken. The first located literature in which SLP PPC intervention is specifically addressed. The second search utilised internationally recognised SLP scope of practice areas. Manual searching of reference lists was also utilised.Result: Themes identified included management of communication, feeding, upper-airway and oral health as well as the role of SLPs within a multidisciplinary PPC team.Conclusion: There is acknowledgement that SLPs have a role in PPC. However, there is little information identifying SLP involvement in the diagnosis and management of swallowing, cognition/communication, oral hygiene and upper airway issues. The available literature predominantly relies on limited adult palliative care research and does not address age-specific management approaches across the paediatric life-stage. Given an absence of SLP PPC guidelines, further research is warranted to explicitly define SLP scope of practice within this population.

The Consequences of the Consequences: The Impact of the Environment on People With Aphasia Over Time.

Understanding the impact of the environment on the participation of people with aphasia depends on one's perspective. A long-term perspective provides a unique insight into the myriad of ways in which the environment can influence the participation of people living with aphasia over decades. In this article, the authors present the real-life story of “Hank,” who has lived with aphasia for more than 15 years. The authors consider how 2 different conceptual frameworks—the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the Social Determinants of Health—account for Hank's experience. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health is useful to conceptualize the range of factors that influence living with aphasia at a particular point in time. In contrast, the Social Determinants of Health is useful to conceptualize the cumulative impact of living with aphasia on long-term health and well-being. Viewing aphasia as a social condition that impacts social determinants of health has potentially wide ranging implications for service design and delivery and the role of speech–language pathologists.

Investigating the Efficiency of Group Therapy on Improving Conversational Skills in People with Aphasia

Investigating the Efficiency of Group Therapy on Improving Conversational Skills in People with Aphasia

The role of speech-language pathologists in adult palliative care

Purpose: Given minimal studies describing the role and practice of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in adult palliative care, the aim of this review was to compile a database of research literature, examine the potential research gaps and to consider material that specifically discussed the need for and/or use of procedures and protocols for SLPs working in palliative care that would support the development of SLP palliative care guidelines.Method: A scoping review was conducted utilising Arksey and O’Malley’s framework with the goal of exploring any key concepts and approaches utilised by SLPs in adult palliative care, plus any literature and/or recommendations regarding SLP practice in adult palliative care settings.Result: Over 1200 articles were initially identified. Of the 1200 articles, 13 academic papers were considered relevant as they recommended, or at least suggested, the need for speech-language pathology therapy guidelines to be implemented within adult palliative care settings.Conclusion: The main focus of these articles was on ethical considerations and clinical recommendations for SLPs. Recommendations arising from this scoping review include providing goals to support current practising SLP clinicians and developing clinical guidelines to manage swallowing and/or communication needs of people receiving palliative care.

The role of speech-language pathologists in palliative care: Where are we now? A review of the literature

Introduction: Dysphagia and communication changes are common in life-limiting conditions and Speech-Language Pathology (SLP) involvement to facilitate effective communication, eating and drinking contributes to the goals of comprehensive palliative care.Aim: To examine the existing literature around the role of SLPs in palliative care to define the best practice role for SLPs in this area, identify current services and interventions provided by SLPs to patients with life-limiting conditions, assess for potential gaps between best practice in the literature and everyday SLP practice and opportunities for improvement.Methods: The methods used were electronic literature searches within MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL, and manual searching. Papers were classified according to type. Meta-analysis was not appropriate due to the nature of the papers, and so a narrative exploration of themes was conducted.Results: Thirty-two papers were included (eight research, twenty-four non-research).Discussion: Specific roles for SLPs in dysphagia, communication, and holistic professional practice were identified. There is insufficient research to determine whether this is reflected in everyday SLP practice. Potential challenges to providing services include the impact of working with people who are dying, limited professional preparation, ongoing education constraints, and legal and ethical considerations. Further research into SLP activities with patients with life-limiting conditions is required to explore the valuable contributions already being made by SLPs to the care of patients with life-limiting illnesses and to identify opportunities to develop and improve evidence-based services in this area.

Shared Responsibilities for Full Participation in Society: Planning Further Integration of the ICF Into AAC

The World Health Organization's (WHO's) 2001 International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) has as one of its central tenets the full inclusion of persons with disabilities in society. It acknowledges the need for medical and rehabilitation intervention in its biopscychosocial framework. However, the WHO realizes that society must do its part to facilitate this full participation and empowerment. Persons with complex communication needs (PWCCN) often need augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) in order to express themselves. However, in order to access and successfully use AAC, PWCCN need access to the necessary AAC devices and services, as well as a willing society to interact with them as full contributing members of society. The factors outside of a person's specific physical and/or cognitive functional limitations are addressed in the ICF via the Personal and Environmental Factors. Personal Factors include the individual's personality traits, lifestyle, experiences, social/educational/professional background, race, gender, and age. Environmental Factors include community support systems, social service agencies, governments, social networks, and those persons that interact with the PWCCN. This article addresses the sociopolitical influences on PWCCN and their functioning from a human rights perspective. The necessary introspective role of speech-language pathologists in this process is explored.