Role Of Pediatric Dentist Research Articles

LABIO-ALVEOLAR MOULDING FOR ESTHETIC AND FUNCTIONAL REHABILITATION OF OROPHARYNGEAL TERATOMA INDUCED SKELTAL AND SOFT TISSUE DEFORMITY IN NEWBORN - A CASE REPORT

Teratomaare true neoplasms composed of tissue derived from all the three germinal layers.Teratomas arising in the palate pharynx or tongue and protrude from the mouth can result in life-threatening airway obstruction and feeding difficulties.Surgical excision improves the chance of survival of the newborn but it results in deformation of oral and masticatory apparatus. This article discusses about the role of pediatric dentist in reestablishing the form and function of the facial apparatus following surgical excision of intraoral teratoma.

The Role Of Pediatric Dentists In The Treatment Of Speech / Language Delay In Children

ÖZ Konuşma ve dil gelişimi, bir çocuğun genel gelişiminin ve bilişsel yeteneğinin yardımcı bir göstergesidir. Gelişimsel gecikme veya ilgili problemler açısından risk altındaki çocukların, gelişme oranının en yüksek olduğu genç yaşta belirlenmesi müdahale ve yardım açısından katkı sağlayabilir. Bu gerekçe, okul öncesi çocuklarda rutin gelişimsel sağlık ve diş kontrollerine konuşma ve dil gecikmesi taramasının entegre edilmesini desteklemektedir.

Dental Management of Fanconi Anemia: Two Case Reports

Fanconi Anemia (FA) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by chromosomal break up that induces congenital abnormalities. FA results from a mutation in one of the 15 genes involved in the DNA repair pathway that is essential for the proper development of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets (Dental Perspective of Rare Disease of Fanconi Anemia (2). Some signs made up of a short stature, hyperpigmentation and bone marrow failure should suggest the diagnosis. In this paper we report two case reports of FA of in different ages who were followed in our Paediatric Dentistry Department in la Rabta Hospital and in which various classical signs were present. Comparing the different symptoms, we noticed that developmental and physical abnormalities are in common such as hyperpigmentation, short stature, skeletal abnormalities and some oral manifestations such as microdontia, periodontitis, and dental caries. Due to an increased risk of malignancies in this population, we have given emphasis on oral manifestations and the role of pediatric dentist in making early diagnosis and ensuring the maintenance of oral health for these patients.

\u201cMultidisciplinary management of post- infective osteoarthritis and secondary condylar resorption of temporomandibular joint: a case report in a 9\u2009years-old female patient and a review of literature\u201d

BackgroundOsteoarthritis and condylar resorption of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has rarely been reported in children as consequence of otologic disease. We describe the management of a case in a 9-year-old female as long-term complication of an otomastoiditis and review the literature currently available on this topic.Case presentationA nine-years-old female patient referred to Emergency Room of Bambino Gesù Children’s Research Hospital, IRCCS (Rome,Italy) for an acute pain in the left preauricular area and reduced mandibular movements. In the medical history an otomastoiditis and periorbital cellulitis was reported at the age of six with complete remission of symptoms after antibiotic treatment. No recent history of facial trauma and no previous orthodontic treatment were reported. She was referred to a pediatric dentist that conducted a clinical examination according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) and was diagnosed with bilateral myalgia of the masticatory muscles and arthralgia at the level of the left TMJ. Then, a complete diagnostic path was performed that included multidisciplinary examinations by a rheumatologist, infectious disease specialist, ear nose and throat (ENT) doctor, a maxillofacial surgeon and a medical imaging specialist. Differential diagnosis included juvenile idiopathic arthritis, idiopathic condylar resorption, trauma, degenerative joint disease, neurological disease. Finally, unilateral post-infective osteoarthritis of the left TMJ with resorption of mandibular condyle was diagnosed. The patient went through a pharmacological therapy with paracetamol associated to counselling, jaw exercises and occlusal bite plate. After 1 month, the patient showed significant reduction of orofacial pain and functional recovery that was confirmed also one-year post-treatment. The novelty of this clinical case lies in the accurate description of the multidisciplinary approach with clinical examination, the differential diagnosis process and the management of TMD with conservative treatment in a growing patient.ConclusionsSeptic arthritis of temporomandibular joint and condylar resorption were described as complications of acute otitis media and/or otomastoiditis in children. We evidenced the importance of long-term follow-up in children with acute media otitis or otomastoiditis due to the onset of TMJ diseases. Furthermore, in the multidisciplinary management of orofacial pain the role of pediatric dentist is crucial for the diagnostic and therapeutic pathway to avoid serious impairment of mandibular function.

From native core micriobiome to milk-oriented microbiome.

The human microbiome is the full set of microorganisms (microbiota) present on and in our body. Its importance is such that the human being has been defined as a holobiont, that is, a superorganism made up of human eukaryotic cells and microbial cells. A balanced microbiota (eubiosis) is a prerequisite for health and well-being; on the contrary, an altered microbiota (dysbiosis) is the cause of pathological conditions. This concept is the cornerstone of the "microbiota revolution": Currently there is no disease that cannot be re- interpreted as a function of microbiome. While all human beings have similar DNA, it is the microbiome that make every person genetically unique; therefore the microbiome is the variable component of the genome which characterises each one of us. About one third of the microbiome is common to all individuals, while two thirds are specific to each subject and constitute a sort of fingerprint that forms and stabilises in the first 2-3 years of life. This timeframe is extremely important since it has been shown that the structure of the microbiome is already acquired in the embryonic-fetal period, it is completed within 3 years and lasts a lifetime. The native core microbiome is the first microbiota and characterises individuals for their whole life. It is affected by four main variables: The quality of family and social life of the mother-to-be, the intake of drugs during pregnancy, as well as the type of birth and breastfeeding. It is renowned that breast milk is a complex, unique and essential food for the growth of the child, but one of its functions - which is still under investigation today - is to feed and guide the formation of the microbiome of the newborn even after the introduction of solid foods, during the first 3 years of life. This function is carried out by the over one hundred different types of oligosaccharides that are present in breast milk, which is why these days we talk about the so-called MOM (milk-oriented microbiome). The correct formation of the microbiome affects the entire life of an individual. This is a more than valid reason to promote breastfeeding even after eruption of baby teeth and throughout the weaning period. The role of pediatric dentists, together with hygienists and pediatricians, is to spread and stress out the importance of oral hygiene so that breastfeeding can only bring benefits and not carious lesions!

Enamel Renal Syndrome: A Case Report of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Associated with Nephrocalcinosis

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) occurs either in isolation or in association with other dental abnormalities and systemic disorder. A rare syndrome associating AI with nephrocalcinosis was named as Enamel Renal Syndrome (ERS; OMIM #204690). This syndrome is characterized by severe enamel hypoplasia, failed tooth eruption, intra pulpal calcifications, enlarged gingiva, and nephrocalcinosis. Nephrocalcinosis is a condition where calcium salts are deposited in renal tissue, and this may lead to critical kidney complications.This rare syndrome shows pathognomonic oral characteristics that are easily detectable at an early age, which proceeds the onset of renal involvement. Pediatric dentists are the first oral health practitioners whom ERS patients will meet at early age. The role of pediatric dentists is critically important for early diagnosis and referral of patients to both nephrologists for renal assessment and geneticists for identification of causative mutation and diagnosis. Early detection of renal involvement may provide chances to prevent further undesired renal complications.

Decay of temporary teeth and the role of pediatric dentist in its treatment

Decay of temporary teeth and the role of pediatric dentist in its treatment

Oral Mucositis in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

There are many types of cancers in children that are very different from those found in adults: leukaemia, lymphoma, and brain tumours are rather common in children. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is the most common type of malignancy encountered. The role of pediatric dentist is very important before, during and after therapy: up to 24% of life-threatening infections arise from oral sites and areas. Early dental intervention and preventions procedures may significantly reduce oral complications associated with myelosuppressive cancer treatment. It is really important to evaluate the oral health surveys and to cut out potential sources of infection in mouth in these patients concurrent with their medical therapy. The aim of this review is summarizing the main features of oral mucositis in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, providing a little review for the approach, diagnosis and treatment of oral mucositis of ALL, which is frequent and potentially dangerous: it's important considering oral lesions of this type of childhood cancer in order to prevent complications before, during and after chemo or radio therapy to improve the quality of life of little patients.