Role Of Interpersonal Relationships Research Articles

Research on the Role of Interpersonal Relationship in School Management

With the deepening of the double reduction policy, the current school management pays more and more attention to adopting flexible teaching management mode and permeating the people-oriented management concept. Based on this, school administrators should handle all kinds of interpersonal relationships in schools under the guidance of people-oriented and strive to create a harmonious, relaxed and free interpersonal atmosphere, and strive to build good school interpersonal relationships, so as to arouse the enthusiasm of teachers' work to the greatest extent.Infiltrating people-oriented into the process of organizing and implementing management forms can help organize management functions, and further strengthen the management work can also make it effective. In the process of campus management, we should recognize the core of personnel management, focus on building a people-oriented management framework, optimize interpersonal relationships, and build a good campus interpersonal atmosphere.

Innovation in crisis: The role of ‘exaptive relations’ for medical device development in response to COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in huge disruption to the healthcare sector. In response to this, there have been collaborative efforts between many different public and private organizations to foster medical innovations. The effect of crisis upon innovation, particularly medical innovation, remains a debatable subject. In addition, the role of inter-personal relations is becoming more widely acknowledged as a critical feature of innovation. Drawing upon exaptation literature, the study aims to understand the nature of the micro-relations within medical innovations that are undertaken in response to COVID-19. The findings of this paper contribute to the limited literature that examines the performance of medical innovation in response to crisis. In addition to confirming the importance of exaptive pools, exaptive events, and exaptive forums in fostering serendipitous developments, the study makes a contribution to theory by identifying a further form of serendipitous encounter that is ‘exaptive relations’.

Актуальные проблемы современного менеджмента

Management is a purposeful processing of information. In order to use management information, it must be transferred, moved from one object to another, and relationships between these objects must be organized. Effective information exchange is necessary at all stages of activity and in all departments of the organization to achieve the intended goals, and is also the most important condition for making informed decisions, plays a huge role in interpersonal relationships and shaping the image of the organization.

Influence of Sports Activities on Prosocial Behavior of Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review.

Prosocial behavior plays a key role in interpersonal relationships during the growth of children and adolescents. Good prosocial behavior is the foundation for the healthy development of children and adolescents. In recent years, the role played by some sports activities in children and adolescents’ prosocial behaviors has attracted much attention. However, the effects of physical activity on prosocial behavior have not been summarized. Objective: We aimed to clarify the role of sports activities in children and adolescents’ prosocial behaviors. Methods: We searched databases for 27 interventional studies on the influence of sports activities on children and adolescents’ prosocial behaviors published in peer-reviewed English journals. Subsequently, inductive, summary, analytical, and evaluation methods were used to systematically analyze and evaluate the literature. Results: Sports activities can improve children and adolescents’ prosocial behaviors. Different sports activities also influence children and adolescents’ prosocial behaviors differently. Moreover, sports activities can improve the prosocial behaviors of children and adolescents with special educational needs. Conclusion: This review demonstrates that sports activities improve the prosocial behavior of children and adolescents. At the same time, we find that children and adolescents with special educational needs should be allowed to participate in more sports activities.

FACIAL EMOTION RECOGNITION

Facial Emotion is the noticeable indication of the full of affective state, cognitive activity, intension, personality, and psychopathology of an individual and plays a communicative role in interpersonal relations. Automatic recognition of facial emotion can be a significant part of normal human-machine interfaces; it might likewise be utilized in conduct science and in clinical practice. An automatic Facial Emotion Recognition framework requirement to perform identification and area of countenances in a jumbled scene, facial component extraction, and look characterization. The facial emotion recognition framework is carried out utilizing the Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN). The CNN model of the undertaking depends on LeNet Architecture. Kaggle Facial Expression Dataset (FER-2013) with seven facial feelings named as happy, sad, surprise, fear, anger, disgust, and neutral is utilized in this venture. The framework accomplished 65% ± 5% accuracy.

In dialogue with non-humans or how women are silenced in incels’ discourse

AbstractDialogue plays a most important role in interpersonal relations creating and strengthening social cohesion. Conversely, the lack of dialogue – and more tellingly a deliberate resistance to it – leads to social friction and animosity. In this paper I focus on a strategy used to intentionally disable a possibility of a meaningful dialogue and to deny any voice to the “other”. Dehumanising the “other” by linguistically representing them as animals or machines exempts the perpetrator from any obligation towards the “other”, including the obligation to respect their rights. I adopt Haslam’s model of dehumanisation (2006) which shows how, by means of metaphorical language, women are dehumanised and denied the possibility to participate in a meaningful dialogue in the so called manosphere.

‘You’re part of something bigger’: interpersonal relationships and older Canadian men’s body image

Objective We examined older men’s body image, with a focus on the role of interpersonal relationships in shaping their psychological adaptation to age-related body changes to appearance, function, and health. Design Qualitative narrative constructionist study. Main outcome measures We conducted semi-structured interviews with 29 men aged 65–83. Data were analysed using thematic narrative analysis; we identified and interpreted patterns in and across the men’s stories about their aging bodies. Results Narratives of purpose through meaningful engagement and belonging through connection permeated the men’s accounts. Participants mitigated body-related changes and challenges through pleasurable physical, leisure, and community activities. They derived purpose from these activities as they kept them physically, cognitively, and socially engaged and thus relevant with advancing age, particularly post retirement. The men derived a sense of belonging through social connections. Relationships with family, friends, and community members shaped their capacity for meaningful engagement and associated psychological adjustment to age-related body changes. Conclusion The findings point to the imperative need to consider how men negotiate their constantly changing, aging bodies within the context of interpersonal relationships, and highlight the role that later life belonging and purpose play in shaping how men experience their bodies as they grow older.

Mediating Role of Interpersonal Relationships in the Effect of Emotional Competence on Prosocial Behavior among Adolescents in Malaysia

Prosocial behavior has been regarded as a necessity for a society to function well. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between emotional competence, interpersonal relationship, and prosocial behavior among 496 school-going adolescents in Malaysia. The subjects were selected using Multistage Cluster Sampling method. Profile of Emotional Competence, Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment Scale, and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaires were used to measure emotional competence, interpersonal relationship with peers, and adolescents’ prosocial behavior respectively. The results showed significant positive relationships among emotional competence, interpersonal relationship with peers, and prosocial behavior. Further analysis revealed that adolescents who reported having higher emotional competence tend to have better interpersonal relationships with peers which in turn led to higher involvement in prosocial behavior. Emotional competence and interpersonal relationship with peers are thus established as two important factors to promote prosocial behavior among adolescents.

The Role of Interpersonal Relationships and Household Socioeconomic Status in the Association Between Sexual Orientation and Health: A Moderated Mediation Analysis.

Purpose: Emerging studies indicate that sexual minority youths experience worse health than their heterosexual peers, but few studies have examined the intervening mechanisms linking sexual orientation and health status. This study hypothesizes that interpersonal relationships, moderated by household socioeconomic status (HSES), are important mediators in the association between sexual orientation and health status. Methods: A total of 49,084 youths, consisting of 9499 youths who identified as sexual minority individuals and 39,585 youths who identified as heterosexual, were sampled from a national study on sexual and reproductive health conducted in China. Logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between sexual orientation and self-rated health. Causal mediation and moderated mediation analyses were performed to analyze the mediating and moderating effects of interpersonal relationships and HSES, respectively. Results: Self-rated health was significantly poorer for sexual minority youths compared with heterosexual youths (p < 0.01). From 7.90% to 25.74% of the association between sexual orientation and self-rated health was mediated through poor interpersonal relationships with both parents and peers. A poor relationship with the father accounted for the highest percentage. HSES was found to moderate the mediation effect of interpersonal relationships, with the greatest effect found for sexual minority youths with lower HSES. Conclusion: HSES moderated the indirect effects of interpersonal relationships on the association between sexual orientation and self-rated health. Interventions focused on improving interpersonal relationships for sexual minority youths, especially those with low HSES, merit attention.

The Role of Teacher-Student Interpersonal Relations in Flipped Learning on Student Engagement.

Education, in essence, is an interactive activity in which teacher and student interactions construct a learning path to raise knowledge. However, it is evident that this learning path is not merely cognitive. Thus, the role of interpersonal relationships should not be taken for granted. Teacher-student relationships are among the salient factors in effective teaching. Factors such as these trigger achievement, motivation, and engagement in students (Martin and Dowson, 2009), with student engagement in particular seeming like the keystone for educational achievement. One relative innovation that promotes student engagement and undertakes more effective learning and deeper knowledge of the materials is flipped learning (Kim, 2017). This theoretical review article was written to enlighten scholars, teachers, and learners with key concepts in interpersonal relations and their roles on student engagement in the context of flipped learning. In this study, some pedagogical implications were presented with the prospect of edifying the practice of teachers, students, and syllabus designers.

A qualitative study of emergency department patients who survived an opioid overdose: Perspectives on treatment and unmet needs.

Emergency medicine clinicians are uniquely positioned to deliver interventions to enhance linkage to evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) in the acute overdose period, yet little is known about patient perspectives to effectively engage patients immediately following opioid overdose. Our objective was to explore patients' perspectives on substance use treatment, perceived needs, and contextual factors that shape the choice of patients seen in the emergency department (ED) to engage with treatment and other patient support services in the acute post-opioid overdose period. We administered a brief quantitative survey and conducted semistructured interviews with 24 adult ED patients receiving care after an acute opioid overdose between June 2016 and August 2017 in an urban, academic ED. We used constant comparison method and thematic analysis to identify themes across four levels of a modified social ecologic model (individual, interpersonal, organizational, and structural). The mean (±SD) age of the sample was 33.5 (±9.33)years; 83% were White and 12% were Black; 67% were male; and 83% were diagnosed with OUD, with a mean (±SD) of 3.25 (±2.64) self-reported lifetime opioid overdoses. Eight themes were identified as influencing participants' consideration of OUD treatment and other services: (1) perceptions about control of drug use, (2) personal experience with substance use treatment, (3) role of interpersonal relationships, (4) provider communication skills, (5) stigma, (6) availability of ED resources, (7) impact of treatment policies, and (8) support for unmet basic needs. Patients receiving ED care following overdose in our ED are willing to discuss their opioid use and its treatment in the ED and report a variety of unmet needs. This work supports a role for ED-based research evaluating a patient-oriented approach to engage patients after opioid overdose.

Assessing empathy in final-year medical students using the Persian version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy.

BACKGROUND:A doctor–patient relationship built on the concept of empathy is so essential to attain the best clinical outcomes in medicine. Since empathy has a positive role in interpersonal relationships and medical outcomes, its assessment is highly crucial. The aim of this study was to assess the empathy in last-year medical students using the Persian version of the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) and correlate empathy scores with demographic features.MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, last-year medical students at Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz, Iran, were recruited for this study. In this research, we used the Persian version of JSPE. The validity and reliability of the Persian version of this tool were confirmed in the previous research. For the analysis of data, we employed descriptive statistics and the independent sample t-test.RESULTS:One hundred and eighty-five final-year medical students were included in this study. The maximum score of the questionnaire was 140, and the total mean score of empathy was 98.15 ± 13.29. The females' total mean score (102.05 ± 11.89) was higher than the males' score (93.57 ± 13.46). The difference between the mean score of gender and empathy was significant (P value <.001), but there was no significant difference between empathy and the two other demographic factors (P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Although physicians would gain the essential characteristics of empathy during their career, attending professors and other responsible policymakers in medical education should focus more on the factors related to physicians' empathy to train better and more professional physicians.

Motivational contagion during exercise and the role of interpersonal relationships: An experimental study.

The present research focused on the phenomenon of motivational contagion while being physically active. It can be assumed that communication with significant others impacts upon a person's behavior in situations where communication or interaction is not explicitly intended to change behavior. Specifically, the purpose of the two present studies was to examine the effect of positive (i.e., intrinsically connoted) and negative (i.e., extrinsically connoted) self-disclosure from a confederate on the motivational state of an individual simultaneously exercising with the confederate. These studies sought to replicate the experimental study of Scarapicchia, Andersen, & Bengoechea (2013). In addition, to test the further assumption that the relationship impacts upon contagion processes, we included a short team-building intervention involving our confederate and the participant in order to manipulate the relationship quality (Study 1) and to compare friends with strangers (Study 2). Our results show that the participants who were exposed to the intrinsic cues (e.g., "I enjoy riding the bike, it's great that there is a study about it") reported greater interest and enjoyment while exercising on the bicycle ergometer than those who were exposed to extrinsic cues (e.g., "I don't enjoy cycling at all. I'm only participating because my teacher told me to do so"). The relationship between the confederate and participant was not found to affect the main effect.

Deep learning based facial expression recognition using improved Cat Swarm Optimization

Human emotional facial expressions play a vital role in interpersonal relations. Automated facial expression recognition has always remained a challenging problem in real-life applications as people vary significantly in the way of showing their expressions. Recently various approaches have been proposed for automatically analyzing the facial expression of a person. In this paper, a novel approach to human facial expression recognition by applying a modified version of the Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO) algorithm, called Improved Cat Swarm Optimization (ICSO) algorithm is proposed. The input image given to the proposed system retrieves similar images from the dataset as well as identifies the person’s emotional state through facial expressions. Deep features present in the face image are extracted using Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) approach. ICSO is proposed to select optimal features from the face image that can uniquely distinguish the facial expression of a person. Employing DCNN with ICSO improves the retrieval performance of the proposed system. Ensemble classifiers that employ Neural Network (NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are implemented to classify facial expressions such as normal, happy, sad, surprise, fear and angry. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated using JAFFE, CK+, Pie datasets and some real-world images. The proposed system outperforms the existing system, thus achieving superior accuracy and reduced computation time.

Investigating the relationship between olfactory acuity, disgust, and mating strategies

Abstract Although humans' sense of smell is relatively diminished compared to other species, olfaction is still a central sensory modality through which people evaluate both potential threats and prospective romantic partners. Despite olfaction's role in interpersonal relationships and disease avoidant responses, however, it remains unknown whether variation in olfactory acuity is associated with disease- and mating-relevant psychological constructs and behaviors. In the current exploratory study, we examined the relationships between olfactory acuity, disgust sensitivity, and mating strategies in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 162) at a university in the Southern United States using an extended assessment of olfactory acuity (measuring olfactory threshold, discrimination, and identification). Results revealed that people with greater discrimination acuity were higher in dispositional sexual disgust, but not pathogen or moral disgust. People with greater discrimination acuity were also less inclined towards short-term mating. Further, sexual disgust mediated the relationship between discrimination acuity and short-term mating orientation. These results provide further evidence for the importance of olfaction and olfaction-related disgust in close relationships.

Gender role conflict: Is it a predictor of marital dissatisfaction? A cross sectional study in Tehran.

Background: Gender role, sex-oriented attitudes, behaviors, cognitions, and emotions play an essential role in interpersonal relationships. Along with other factors, marital relationships and satisfaction can also be affected by a person’s gender role. The increased rate of divorce is related to a decrease in marital satisfaction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictor power of gender role conflict on marital satisfaction considering the role of demographic variables (age, income, number of children, and number of family members), marriage-related factors (duration of the marriage, family functioning), and mental health disorder. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. Participants were selected from couples who were attending West of Tehran health center. A total of 123 married couples aged 18 to 60 years who did not have mental or other medical disorders were recruited. Data gathering tools were McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD), ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale, Bem Sex-Role Inventory (BSRI), a sociodemographic questionnaire, and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Pearson correlation, chi-square, t test, ANOVA, Scheffe post hoc, and linear regression tests were used to analyze the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16, and in all statistical tests, significance level was set at p<0.05. Results: No significant correlations were observed between marital satisfaction and age, number of family members, duration of the marriage, number of children, and income (p>0.05). The presence of gender role conflict was correlated with lower marital satisfaction. Family functioning, gender role conflict, and presence of psychotic problems were predictors of marital satisfaction (p<0.001, R2=0.419). Conclusion: Screening couples who applied for divorce due to psychiatric problems and gender role conflict and evaluating their family functioning may have a positive effect on reduction of divorce rate.

A latent transition analysis investigating the nature, stability, antecedents, and outcomes of occupational commitment profiles for school principals

A person-centered perspective makes it possible to identify the most common combinations, or profiles, of Affective (AC), Normative (NC), and Continuance (CC) commitment to any target. Extensive person-centered research has been conducted on employees' commitment to their organization. However, only a few cross-sectional studies have focused on employees' profiles of commitment to their occupation, which is surprising given the key role of this target of commitment for a variety of occupational groups. The goal of this study was to contribute to this growing literature by focusing on occupational commitment profiles among a sample of 525 school principals (Mage = 44.94; 59% females), while also adopting a longitudinal perspective to assess profile stability over a two-year period. We also investigated the implications of these profiles in relation to occupational turnover intentions, job satisfaction, work-life imbalance and psychological distress, as well as the role of interpersonal relationships with other school managers, involvement in decision-making, and schoolboard transformational leadership in the prediction of profile membership. Our results revealed five profiles, which remained identical and highly stable (less than a fifth of the participants transitioned to a distinct profile) over the course of the study. Beneficial effects were associated with profiles dominated by AC, detrimental effects were related to the CC-dominant profile, and we found beneficial synergistic effects of NC when combined with high CC in terms of job satisfaction, turnover intentions and work-life imbalance. In terms of predictions, only interpersonal relationships with other school managers predicted profile membership.

Параметры личности как предикторы развития синдрома эмоционального выгорания у педагогов школы

The article features the professional burnout syndrome in teachers. Teaching is one of the most stressful social activities. The authors pointed out personal traits that may determine the development of the professional burnout syndrome in school teachers. They identified, justified, and experimentally verified the relationship between burnout and personality parameters. Together with age, work experience, marital and parental status, these personal traits can serve as burnout predictors. The article gives a general description of the emotional burnout phenomenon in teachers, which includes negative psychological experiences caused by the regular high emotional content or cognitive complexity. The paper also introduces factors of development of emotional burnout. The authors identified the burnout predictors based on the results of an empirical study. They determined strong empathy and internality as provoking factors that triggered emotional stress. As a rule, the stress was associated with teacher's attitude to his or her role in interpersonal relationships. The authors proposed some methods for the prevention of burnout syndrome in teachers.

A Study of non-verbal communication in the Nigerian (Yorùbá) novels: The side code

Non-verbal communication is a very important aspect of communication which plays a very crucial role in interpersonal relationship. Its role in the accentuation of verbal communication cannot be overemphasized. Existing literature has not given enough attention to side code as a form of non-verbal communication in the Yorùbá novel. This study fills the gap as it examines side codes, the contexts in which they occur in Yoruba novels with a view to establishing its communicative value. The study adopts semiotic theories of Saussure and Charles Sanders Peirce. Four Yorùbá novels: Ìrìnkèrindò Nínú Igbó Elégbèje and Ògbójú Ọdẹ Nínú Igbó Irúnmo̩lẹ̀. By D.O. Fagunwa, Ojú rí́́́ by Kola Oni and Ṣaworoidẹ by Akinwumi Isola were purposively selected because they have elements of side code and were subjected to semiotic and textual analyses. Side code helps in cultural determinism in the codification of disaster, chaos, lopsidedness, disappointment, success, identification of prince and complementarity.&#x0D; Key Words: Side code; Semiotics; Purposive sample; Yorùbá novels

Supplemental Material for Examining the Role of Interpersonal Relationship on Attribution, Emotion, and Depression Support Provision: Experimental Evidence From the People’s Republic of China

Supplemental Material for Examining the Role of Interpersonal Relationship on Attribution, Emotion, and Depression Support Provision: Experimental Evidence From the People’s Republic of China