Role Of Education Research Articles

A Critique of the Ambitions and Challenges of the Lifelong Learning Entitlement (LLE) from a Lifelong Learning Perspective

In 2025, the English government will commence the roll out of a transformative new funding system for post-18 learners entitled the ‘Lifelong Learning Entitlement’ (LLE). This will be a single funding system for both higher and further education, which the government argues, will enable learners to pay for courses to develop new skills and gain new qualifications at a time that is right for them through full-time degree programmes, flexibly through part-time study, or by undertaking individual modules as and when they are needed. The focus is on training, retraining and upskilling at levels four to six (i.e., the first three years of a degree programme) and on high-value technical courses at levels four and five. Essentially, the LLE is a lifelong entitlement to access a loan fund to support higher level/higher education studies up to age 60. Some targeted maintenance grant funding will be provided to some students who require it to age 60 and beyond. The authors will provide a critical review of the LLE from a lifelong learning perspective. They will explore the complex multifaceted discourse embedded in LLE intentions, as presented in policy statements, some of which appear to be at odds with the claims made about the role of LLE, and identify the ways that it will need to be shaped to achieve the benefits sought by government. Using the critical themes underpinning this special edition of the journal, they will consider the role that education provided through the LLE ‘transformative agenda’ can play in enabling access by adult learners of all types and for multiple reasons. They will consider the interplay between these and neo-liberal values relating to the role of higher education in employment, training and skills-focused priorities. They will also reflect on the role that the HE sector will inevitably need to play in shaping course design and delivery to ensure that the LLE can deliver both the government’s goals and those of lifelong learners, particularly those from disadvantaged communities and backgrounds.

Implications for the Organization and Operation of Liberal Arts Curriculum by the Difference in Educational Consumers' Perception of the Identity and Content of Liberal Arts Education

The purpose of this study is to examine whether there are differences in the perception of the importance of liberal arts education by role and content for each educational consumer and to derive implications for how to reflect these differences in the organization and operation of the liberal arts curriculum. To achieve this, basic statistical analyses and one-way ANOVA were conducted on survey data collected from 1,720 students, faculty, graduates, and industry representatives in Busan, Korea. The results confirmed differences in perception among each educational consumer regarding which role of general education is considered more important. In particular, students perceived all roles of general education except for ‘complementing major education’ as less important compared to other consumer groups. Clear differences were also observed in the importance attributed to specific content areas by each group. While Faculty and industry representatives perceived the importance of humanities most highly, students and graduates prioritized employment-related areas such as practical skills, IT utilization skills, and foreign language abilities. Moreover, they perceived the importance of humanities and social sciences, which correspond to the traditional liberal arts and education areas, as less significant. Based on this difference in perception of the educational consumer groups, four implications for practitioners to consider in the process of development and implementation of liberal arts education were proposed.

Analyzing Large Language Models' Responses to Common Lumbar Spine Fusion Surgery Questions: A Comparison Between ChatGPT and Bard.

In the digital age, patients turn to online sources for lumbar spine fusion information, necessitating a careful study of large language models (LLMs) like chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) for patient education. Our study aims to assess the response quality of Open AI (artificial intelligence)'s ChatGPT 3.5 and Google's Bard to patient questions on lumbar spine fusion surgery. We identified 10 critical questions from 158 frequently asked ones via Google search, which were then presented to both chatbots. Five blinded spine surgeons rated the responses on a 4-point scale from 'unsatisfactory' to 'excellent.' The clarity and professionalism of the answers were also evaluated using a 5-point Likert scale. In our evaluation of 10 questions across ChatGPT 3.5 and Bard, 97% of responses were rated as excellent or satisfactory. Specifically, ChatGPT had 62% excellent and 32% minimally clarifying responses, with only 6% needing moderate or substantial clarification. Bard's responses were 66% excellent and 24% minimally clarifying, with 10% requiring more clarification. No significant difference was found in the overall rating distribution between the 2 models. Both struggled with 3 specific questions regarding surgical risks, success rates, and selection of surgical approaches (Q3, Q4, and Q5). Interrater reliability was low for both models (ChatGPT: k = 0.041, p = 0.622; Bard: k = -0.040, p = 0.601). While both scored well on understanding and empathy, Bard received marginally lower ratings in empathy and professionalism. ChatGPT3.5 and Bard effectively answered lumbar spine fusion FAQs, but further training and research are needed to solidify LLMs' role in medical education and healthcare communication.

The Role of Higher Education in Building Religious Tolerance: A Study on the Implementation of Moderation Attitudes among PTKIN Aceh Students

Fostering an attitude of religious moderation among students can be achievable when all stakeholders collaborate to create a cohesive understanding of moderation. This study examines the role of universities in promoting religious moderation among students at PTKIN Aceh. Utilizing a qualitative approach, data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and observations. Interviews involved academics focused on religious moderation at PTKIN, while FGDs included students from five state Islamic universities in Aceh, selected purposively to provide insights on students' attitudes and views on religious moderation. Observations were conducted to assess students' attitudes and behaviors. The findings reveal that students exhibit moderate attitudes in daily life, are willing to collaborate socially, and respect others' rights and obligations in worship. Challenges in instilling religious moderation values include the need for acceptance of the term within the context of local wisdom and avoiding the perception of moderation as a new religious project. Solutions involve preparing a curriculum based on Islamic tolerance and strengthening the role of religious moderation houses to promote Islamic washatiyah values among students, facilitating easier understanding and implementation in daily life.

Implementation of Islamic Education in Strengthening the Social Care Character of Students at Madrasah Aliyah

This study examines the role of Islamic education at Madrasah Aliyah Amsilati Bangsri Jepara in cultivating students' care character. It aims to provide an in-depth understanding of the educational programs that contribute to developing this vital character trait among students. A descriptive qualitative methodology was employed to observe the implementation of various educational programs at the institution. The participants included students across all grades. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and document analysis, and analyzed through a three-stage process: reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The study identified eight principal programs that effectively foster the care character among students. These programs include community service initiatives, educational support activities, and other projects that promote the sharing of material resources and knowledge. The findings indicate that these programs significantly enhance the character of social care among students. By participating in these initiatives, students develop a sense of responsibility and empathy, which are crucial components of the care character. Islamic education at Madrasah Aliyah Amsilati Bangsri Jepara plays a significant role in strengthening the care character of students through well-structured educational programs. This study highlights the importance of incorporating such programs in educational curricula to nurture socially responsible individuals.

Critical Discourse Analysis of Distance Higher Education in Turkish Higher Education Policy Documents

This study examines the distance higher education related policy strategies of the Turkish state. Using critical discourse analysis, based on Norman Fairclough’s work, the aim is to analyse the discourses used within policy-related documents and government reports regarding the role and significance of distance education in the Turkish higher education system. In order to achieve this objective, certain key documents including annual activity reports, national youth and education policy documents, and strategic plans produced by the Ministry of National Education and Higher Education Council have been analyzed. Basic findings reveal that in the dominant discourses regarding distance education in the Turkish higher education system, the policy makers seem to have very little interest in distance education as a strategic tool. The superficiality and indifference towards the open university system in the analysed documents may come to mean that the policies and envisaged programmes are far away from any solid theoretical background in how distance education may contribute to social inclusion and the development of the society through higher education of masses. Thus, this study can conclude that achieving social justice in distance education in Türkiye requires a devoted undestanding of its contributions to inclusion of all kinds of lifelong learners with diverse needs.

Sustainability in Educational Research: Mapping the Field with a Bibliometric Analysis

This research uncovers contemporary patterns by employing the bibliometric analysis approach to analyze sustainability research in the education domain. Consequently, we map the academic outputs and observe a tendency of increased publications, which proves the growing interest in global sustainability imperatives with the help of WoS data. Regarding the publications, the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States were the most productive, stressing an international focus and interdisciplinarity. The analysis showed that there was a shift in the topic focus from environmental education to sustainable education as a result of integrating SDGs into every level of education. As such, the results highlight the role of education in sustainability and necessitate more research for better evaluation and implementation of educational efforts. This study not only presents a history of the field but also sets a future agenda for the discipline, which is the significance of education for sustainability. In this way, our work enhances the knowledge of sustainability in education, and the results of our work lay a theoretical and methodological basis for further research and activities in the field.

Developing an Effective Preparation Strategy Model for Competency Tests in Heavy Equipment Engineering at Vocational High Schools

This study aims to develop an effective preparation strategy model for competency tests in Heavy Equipment Engineering at vocational high schools. Recognizing the pivotal role of vocational education in equipping students with industry-relevant skills, the research addresses the challenges students face in preparing for competency assessments. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates quantitative data from surveys and pre/post-tests with qualitative insights from interviews and focus groups. The proposed model encompasses curriculum alignment, innovative teaching methodologies, and effective study techniques, incorporating best practices identified through an extensive literature review. Pilot testing in selected schools provided critical feedback, allowing for refinements to ensure the model's applicability and effectiveness. The evaluation of the model's impact revealed significant improvements in students' test scores and self-reported preparedness, demonstrating the model's potential to enhance competency levels. Comparative analysis highlighted the model's superiority over traditional preparation methods, while qualitative feedback underscored its strengths and areas for further enhancement. The findings contribute to the field of vocational education by offering a structured preparation strategy that can be adopted by schools and policymakers to improve student outcomes. The study's implications extend to educational authorities, providing a framework for policy formulation and implementation. Future research directions include refining the model and exploring its applicability across different vocational disciplines.

The effect of a self-learned virtual learning package on knowledge, attitude, and self-care behaviors of COVID-19 in people referred to health and treatment centers

BackgroundCOVID-19 is one of the most common diseases in recent years, the most important way to prevent is through self-care behaviors; therefore, it is important to these behaviors in people. According to the importance of promoting self-care behaviors of this disease, and according to the characteristics and effectiveness of interventions based on behavior change, this study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention on self-care behaviors of COVID-19 in a group of patients.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study was conducted on 164 people who referred to health and treatment centers in Dehdasht City, Iran. The cluster sampling method divided the participants into experimental and control groups at random (82 people for each group). Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire completed by the control and experimental groups before and three months after the intervention. The intervention program in this training group is to form a WhatsApp group and send messages in the form of audio files, text messages, text messages with photos, video messages, and PowerPoints. After creating the group and adding the participants, according to the agreement with the group members, every day of the week (8:00 am to 12:00 pm) to send educational files through the WhatsApp application. Also, the group members could ask their questions and problems to the researcher during the designated hours. The control group was also given routine care and follow-up at the centers, and no training was given regarding self-care behaviors. After entering the SPSS 24, data were analyzed by independent t, chi-square, and paired t statistical tests.Results164 individuals working in healthcare services from health and treatment centers were included in this study. Before the intervention, demographic characteristics such as marital status, education level, medical history, and smoking history were similar between the two groups (P > 0.05), as indicated by the results of chi-square tests. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and self-care behaviors between the experimental and control groups prior to the intervention (P > 0.05), according to independent t-tests. Following the intervention, notable changes were observed. The post-intervention analysis revealed statistically significant differences between the experimental and control groups in terms of knowledge, attitude, and self-care behaviors (P = 0.001). Specifically, the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in these variables compared to the control group.ConclusionIn this study, education led to the improvement of self-care behaviors in people who referred to health centers. Considering the importance of the role of health education in promoting self-care behaviors as well as preventing infectious diseases such as COVID-19, it is suggested that educational interventions focus on self-care behaviors in other diseases.

Evaluation of Senior High School Students’ Ability to Reading Chemistry Text

Science text reading activities can introduce students to understanding chemical concepts and practice reading skills. Reading skills play an important role in science education because they are related to student's cognitive and metacognitive abilities. This study aims to see how the ability to read texts and students' understanding of chemical concepts through texts. This research uses a mixed method design, embedded type. Quantitative data is obtained through survey results and qualitative data is obtained through interviews to strengthen the justification of quantitative data obtained. Participants in this study were 299 high school students in the cities of Malang and Batu. The research instrument is an instrument of reading chemistry text skills (r = 0.918) consisting of 3 chemistry texts and in each of them, there are 8 essay questions covering literal, interpretation, and application aspects. The profile of students' reading skills based on the results of surveys and interviews shows that most students' reading skills have not been able to understand the idea of chemical concepts correctly, have not been able to describe chemical terms in the text correctly, students' explanations of chemical concepts are at the structural level, and have not been able to provide creative ideas (arguments) for solutions to problems presented in the text. The implications of this study need to be explicit skills in reading chemistry texts to understand chemical concepts and be proficient in reading chemistry texts.

Application of Intertextuality in English Literary Works in Senior High School Students‘ English Reading

Reading and appreciating literary works plays an important role in high school English quality education, which plays an important role in cultivating students' reading interest and improving students' reading quality. This article explores the application of intertextuality theory in the English reading practices of senior high school students. Preliminary findings indicate that while some students demonstrate a high level of proficiency in identifying overt intertextual references, others struggle to discern more subtle connections between texts. Moreover, students' interpretations of intertextuality often reflect their individual experiences, interests, and prior knowledge, highlighting the subjective nature of literary analysis. However, exposure to intertextuality theory and instructional strategies aimed at fostering intertextual awareness appear to positively influence students' reading comprehension and critical thinking abilities.

Environmental Case Method in Learning Poetry of Students at Senior High School: An Ethnoecological Literature Study

Literature and poetry play a crucial role in education by fostering students' sensitivity and reasoning towards literary works. This study aims to explore and describe practical approaches for teaching poetry using the environmental case method to students at SMA Negeri 1 Palu. This is a qualitative study, with data collected from class XI students during the 2022/2023 academic year through discussions and activities involving the case method. The descriptive qualitative method was employed to address two primary challenges: (1) students' difficulty in writing poetry and (2) students' difficulty in reading poetry. The findings reveal practical strategies to overcome these challenges by integrating environmental cases into the case method model. Specifically, this method helps students improve their poetry writing and reading skills by contextualizing poetry within real-world environmental issues. The implications of this research suggest that employing the environmental case method can enhance poetry teaching strategies broadly, making poetry more accessible and engaging for students. By applying this method, students can develop their poetry writing and reading abilities, thereby enriching their overall literary experience and appreciation.

Enhancing computational thinking in early childhood education with educational robotics: A meta-analysis

This paper deals within a context where technology plays a pivotal role in education. In this sense, it is essential to highlight the emergence of new competencies and skills in education due to technological advancements. Legislative frameworks have been developed to incorporate digital literacy, access to robotics, and computational thinking, between others. Hence, this review and meta-analysis aim at identifying the influence of robotics activities on computational thinking through a PRISMA-guided review. The findings reveal that interventions conducted in early childhood education significantly impact computational thinking. Results also showcase that, despite perceived barriers related to technology accessibility, the presence of legislation and contexts prioritizing these competencies is more relevant than the digital access gap.

Applications of large language models in psychiatry: a systematic review.

With their unmatched ability to interpret and engage with human language and context, large language models (LLMs) hint at the potential to bridge AI and human cognitive processes. This review explores the current application of LLMs, such as ChatGPT, in the field of psychiatry. We followed PRISMA guidelines and searched through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, up until March 2024. From 771 retrieved articles, we included 16 that directly examine LLMs' use in psychiatry. LLMs, particularly ChatGPT and GPT-4, showed diverse applications in clinical reasoning, social media, and education within psychiatry. They can assist in diagnosing mental health issues, managing depression, evaluating suicide risk, and supporting education in the field. However, our review also points out their limitations, such as difficulties with complex cases and potential underestimation of suicide risks. Early research in psychiatry reveals LLMs' versatile applications, from diagnostic support to educational roles. Given the rapid pace of advancement, future investigations are poised to explore the extent to which these models might redefine traditional roles in mental health care.

Investigating Critical Thinking Skills in Debate Class through the Use of the Case Method

Classroom debates serve as a pedagogical tool to enhance students' critical thinking skills. This study investigates classroom debate and case studies as tools to augment students' critical thinking abilities. There are still many students whose critical thinking is still lacking in daily life and in supporting their education. With this debate class, students can improve their critical thinking because they are faced with a case study that students must solve. It explores the significance of critical thinking in education and classroom debates' role in fostering critical thinking, oral communication, and independent learning. The research conducted for this study employed descriptive qualitative research methods to investigate the impact of classroom debates on students' critical thinking skills. Participants came from Tidar University students who had previously attended debate classes in the 3rd and 4th semesters. The sample we processed the data from was 31 participants. The findings indicate that the debate sessions have substantially improved students' thinking abilities, as demonstrated by their enhanced capacity to identify assumptions, evaluate pertinent and coherent evidence, and identify logical fallacies in arguments. Case method in debate class also helps students to support problem-solving skills that can improve their critical thinking ability. Furthermore, this article proposes incorporating case study activities within debates to enhance students' critical thinking skills further, ultimately benefiting them in their academic pursuits.

Problematika Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan Islam di Bojonegoro

: Islamic education has an important role in shaping the character and morality of individual Muslims, as well as ensuring the continuity and dissemination of Islamic religious values. In Islamic educational institutions, the role of educators and education personnel is crucial in carrying out this mission. However, in practice, Islamic educators and education personnel often face various challenges and problems that affect the effectiveness of Islamic education as a whole. One of the problems that often arise is the lack of qualifications and competence of Islamic educators and education personnel. Many Islamic educational institutions face difficulties in obtaining educators and education personnel who have a deep understanding of Islamic teachings, as well as skills in applying them in the context of modern education. This can hamper the process of Islamic education and reduce the quality of graduates produced. In addition, the problem of inadequate infrastructure and educational facilities is also one of the main problems in Islamic education. Many Islamic educational institutions still face limitations in terms of educational facilities and infrastructure, such as inadequate school buildings, lack of books and learning materials, and lack of other supporting facilities. This condition can hamper the learning process and create a learning environment that is not conducive. Another challenge is the low motivation and commitment of Islamic educators and education personnel. Lack of motivation and commitment can result in low teaching quality, as well as a lack of innovation in the delivery of learning materials. In addition, differences in understanding and interpretation of Islamic teachings can also cause conflict and disharmony among educators and education personnel.Seeing the complexity of the problems faced by Islamic educators and education personnel, serious and comprehensive efforts are needed to overcome these problems. The role of the government, educational institutions, society and other stakeholders is very important in efforts to improve the quality of Islamic education and ensure the realisation of the vision of quality, inclusive and progressive Islamic education.

ZOONOTIC DISEASES AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE: A DUAL THREAT AT THE HUMAN-ANIMAL INTERFACE

With over 200 zoonotic diseases and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) microbes, a substantial threat looms over public health. If we are unable to cope with AMR, it suggests a potential of 10 million global fatalities by 2050. The evolving landscape of AMR transcends geographic boundaries and species, necessitating collaborative and multidisciplinary efforts. The interplay between humans, animals, and the environment highlights the profound significance of One Health in addressing these interconnected challenges. The imperative of multidisciplinary efforts to safeguard the health and well-being of our shared world, comprised of humans, animals, and the environment, can pave the way toward success. The role of surveillance, education, and public awareness in combating AMR and fostering responsible antimicrobial use is inevitable in addressing this global concern. Key Words: Antimicrobial resistance, Zoonoses, One health

The role of community education in training program services for the elderly

The role of community education in training program services for the elderly

Gender perspectives on educational contributions to the study of video-gaming: A baseline feminist genealogy

As video games have evolved, they have emerged as useful tools in areas such as education, tackling global issues through their storylines and mechanics. However, never in the history of video games, not even today, has there been parity in the proportion of women directly employed in the development of video games. This paper is part of a broader research project undertaken in the context of a doctoral thesis within the framework of the R+D+I project ‘Building global citizenship with young people: researching transformative practices with participatory and inclusive methodologies’. It provides a historical perspective on video games and their place in culture and society, and attempts to outline a brief genealogy of the contributions of pioneering women in the video game industry. Recognising the work of women and addressing gender representation in video games is now a matter of great importance. Current trends in the video game industry reflect the impact of the pandemic on video game consumption habits, its expected continued growth in the future and its relationship with the development of virtual and augmented reality. Video games are therefore likely to remain an important part of culture and society in the future, with an ever-increasing role in education. It is therefore imperative to showcase the achievements of women in the video game industry, to highlight inequalities and to provide girls with genuine role models.

Effectiveness of teaching motivational interview technique to third professional year medical students to improve counseling skills – An interventional study

Abstract Background: Effective patient–provider communication was recognized as essential to providing high-quality medical care. In medical practice, motivational interviewing (MI) is a vital communication method. By assisting patients in exploring and resolving ambivalence and resistance to change, this directive the patient-centered counseling approach seeks to elicit behavior change. Health behavior change counseling skills were taught as a learning objective in medical curricula worldwide. However, in many medical colleges, this area of health-care education was frequently unstructured and informal. Objective: This study aimed to find out if teaching medical students how to conduct motivational interviews helped them feel more confident about their ability to advise patients on changing their health-related behaviors, such as their breastfeeding habits in the present study. Methodology: All 200 third-year medical students of a medical college participated in MI sessions for health behavior change. Antenatal and postnatal mothers completed a pre- and posttest questionnaire before and after being educated by trained medical students; later, the students completed a perception questionnaire regarding their confidence. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17, and student perceptions were presented as percentages. Results: The mean score (knowledge) of posttests (12.53) is higher than the mean score of pretests (9.23) which is statistically significant (P = 0.000). There was a role of health education for behavioral change in improving mothers' knowledge regarding breastfeeding, (antenatal and postnatal). Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that teaching MI methods to third-year medical students could increase student confidence in giving patients advice about changing their health-related behaviors.