Role Of Diplomacy Research Articles

The Role of Diplomacy in Shaping the Strategic Future of the International System

With the development of diplomacy as a means of interaction between sovereign states, a new frontier was opened which the world has adopted with enthusiasm. However, there remains lessons from significant epochs concerning war and its engagement which offer crucial insights into international relations. By studying the relationship between politics and war we are able to discern that the threat to use, or actual use of, organised violence has been the hallmark of politicians against each other with the singular aim of gaining some political mileage. Consequently, the waging of war is done at the behest of politics and to the singular fulfilment of those political ideals. This study delves into the multifaceted role of war, peace, and diplomacy in the strategic history of the international system. It explores how these elements have shaped the global order, influenced the behavior of nations, and impacted the quest for stability and cooperation. Through a comprehensive analysis, this research seeks to illuminate the complex interplay between conflict and diplomacy, aiming to provide insights that can inform contemporary international relations and policymaking.

영남 교방의 기능과 공연양상에 나타난 특성

The purpose of this study is to study the functions of Gyobang and the characteristics of Gyobang in performance patterns in places where Gyobang dance is currently handed down in Yeongnam. Jinju Gyobang was a building attached to the guesthouse in the 17th century, and was located within the pastor's workplace in the 19th century. Hwangchangmu, Pogorak, and Cheoyongmu were performed at Jinju Gyobang. Gyobang in Daegu played a necessary function for the ceremonial event of Gyeongsang Gamyeong. The performance activities of Daegu Gyobang were drum dance, Jango, and Hwangchangmu. In Dongnae Gyobang, the diplomatic role with Japan and the function of providing song and dance to the direction of Joseon Tongsinsa were great. In Dongnae Gyobang, they performed sword dance, Ipchoom, and dances such as Hwangchang, Cheoyong, and Cheondo. Tongjeyeong performed the necessary functions for vy Headquarters of Three Provinces. There were sword dances and drum dances in Gyobang's performances.

Defense Diplomacy Indonesia - United Arab Emirates Through Confidence Building Measures

This research paper explores the defense diplomacy efforts between Indonesia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) through confidence-building measures (CBMs) as a strategic step to strengthen bilateral relations and increase trust between the two countries. The paper begins by discussing the historical context and the importance of defense diplomacy in the post-World War II era. It then examines the concept of defense strategy and its evolution beyond military operations. The role of diplomacy, particularly soft power diplomacy, is highlighted as an essential tool in international relations. The paper further delves into the concept of defense diplomacy, its peaceful use of armed forces, and its significance in addressing security challenges and building trust among countries. The focus is on the defense diplomacy efforts between Indonesia and the UAE and their impact on regional defense and security cooperation. The researchers employ a qualitative descriptive approach and a case study design to analyze the defense industry and defense cooperation efforts within the perspective of defense diplomacy. The results and discussions section presents an analysis of Indonesia's defense strategy, highlighting the objectives, means, and approaches employed in defense diplomacy with the UAE. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of defense diplomacy in enhancing bilateral relations, promoting regional stability, and leveraging the strengths and resources of both countries in the defense industry.

Norwegian Internationalism and World War ii Exile Diplomacy in Print

Abstract Communication plays a vital role in diplomacy, especially in multilateral settings. Historians of World War ii diplomacy have long neglected the potential of the foreign-language print media originating with the Allied European exiles. Publicity helped the Norwegian government retain two assets of supreme importance to every exile representation – credibility and agency. Norwegian efforts in this realm manifest resourcefulness: several formats have been employed to generate visibility, reciprocity, and reputation, or to transmit positions on the international order in the making. Moreover, content analysis elucidates the transformation of Norwegian internationalism from inter-war liberal propositions towards a more “realist” understanding.

Ireland’s Diplomatic Performance in the Mid and Late-Twentieth Century: A Model for Other Small States?

After its intense phase of insularity, Ireland has reached a considerable diplomatic role. The past vulnerability of Ireland due to its subjection to colonialism made its domestic sphere and foreign agenda in the early 1920s insular. However, Ireland started to transcend its isolation as it showed more openness to the world in the mid-twentieth century. More specifically, Dublin, in the post-World War II context, began to exhibit its interest in having a more dynamic role in the international scene. In fact, Ireland displayed its engagement with matters that exceeded its domestic sphere through its membership in the United Nations. Its performance in such an Intergovernmental Organization unveiled the Irish devotion to principles like peace-keeping and collective security. This article aims to assess Ireland’s dynamic role, which started to appear in the mid-twentieth century. Besides, the late-twentieth century was also a significant phase for Dublin and its international presence. This epoch was characterized by Ireland’s integration into the European region. Most importantly, the phenomenon of globalization reached its peak at that time, and Ireland witnessed an unprecedented experience of economic opulence known as the Celtic Tiger. Focus should also be laid on Dublin’s interesting development in such a globalized climate. Its remarkable evolution, especially in the 1990s, tends to be considered a “model” for other small European and non-European states. Therefore, this paper attempts to scrutinize the extent to which other small states can learn from the example of Ireland.

Understanding Olympic Diplomacy: The Refugee Team at the 2020 Tokyo Games

At the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games, 29 athletes competed for the Olympic Refugee Team. It was the second time in the history of the Summer Olympic Games that athletes from different origins but living under refugee conditions competed under the same flag. This article aims to analyze the composition of the refugee team, identifying the connections between the athletes' points of origin and destination and the status of official refugee data around the world. As a result, it is observed that the Olympic refugee team plays an important role in giving visibility to this social issue, which is an expensive topic nowadays and enables high-performance athletes not to be excluded from the Olympic Games due to political problems. There is also an important political and diplomatic role played by the International Olympic Committee, allowing the presence of these athletes, but also of competitors from countries that are points of origin for refugees. However, there are still some challenges, such as the concentration of athletes currently living in Europe, facing a low number of refugees who live elsewhere, despite a large number of refugees living in other continents.

Cybersecurity and Geopolitics in the Dominican Republic: Threats, Policies and Future Prospects

Cybersecurity, an increasingly pertinent topic in today's globalized world, is the central focus of this paper, which provides a comprehensive guide to the cybersecurity landscape in the Dominican Republic. The authors delve into the country's cyber threats and vulnerabilities, its current cybersecurity policy, the interplay between cybersecurity and national security, and the role of diplomacy in addressing cybersecurity issues. The paper also presents real-world examples of cyberattacks and cybersecurity responses in the Dominican Republic, and discusses future prospects for cybersecurity in the country. Cyberattacks pose a constant threat to national security, economies, and critical infrastructure worldwide. As these issues transcend national borders, international collaboration becomes critical in confronting these threats and safeguarding global citizens and institutions. This paper aims to not only shed light on the specific case of the Dominican Republic but also serve as a reference for other contexts. The methodology, results, and conclusions drawn from the analyzed texts will be detailed in the subsequent sections of the paper.

Stages of Anglo-American cooperation in the framework of the first atomic projects

Nuclear weapons, which have largely defined the landscape of international relations since the mid-20th century and have turned conflicts between great powers into proxy wars and local clashes, were first developed through the collective efforts of the United States and Great Britain during World War II. Although the allies eventually completed their work on nuclear weapons together, their contributions were not equal. This was reflected in the dividends received by each side in the end. In addition, the nuclear projects were not initially conducted separately, experiencing periods of growth and decline in cooperation with each other that did not coincide with the overall trend of allied relations. The purpose of the study is to identify and capture the specific stages of Anglo-American cooperation within the framework of the first atomic projects of Great Britain and the United States. US and UK historiography has studied various aspects of both the American Manhattan Project and the British "Tube Alloys", including the role of diplomacy and the influence of allied cooperation on the development of nuclear weapons. Soviet and Russian historiography, despite a significantly smaller volume of works on this topic, also addressed these issues. However, neither Russian nor American and British researchers have established any clear periodization of allied nuclear projects cooperation. The study demonstrates the dynamics of relations between Great Britain and the United States in the atomic sphere, identifies the main contradictions between allies that led to the stagnation and cessation of atomic cooperation, and indicates the causes of the resumption and intensification of such cooperation. The conclusion separates Anglo-American cooperation into seven stages. Each stage is determined and characterized by the comparative level of project development at a particular moment, as well as constantly changing interests of the both sides.

The Role of the First Lady in Public Diplomacy since the Founding of the Republic of China

Governments around the world attach great importance to first lady diplomacy since it is a crucial form of public diplomacy. When first ladies are now playing an increasingly prominent role in diplomacy, a relevant study in China is yet to be conducted. Therefore this paper aims to analyze the role of the first lady in Chinas public diplomacy based on historical facts. Politics and gender equality were once the two major factors hindering the development of first lady diplomacy in the early days of the Peoples Republic of China until Mrs. Wang Guangmei won a good reputation for China with her demeanor and competence during her debut on the international stage in 1963. Her visit not only contributed to Chinas breakthrough in ideology but also brought a wisp of freshness to her compatriots, who were then living a hard life. First lady diplomacy in China embraced its new era upon Mrs. Peng Liyuans first overseas visit in 2013, during which Mrs. Peng gave full play to the great influence of the first lady: not only was she an aspiring promoter of Chinese brands and culture, but also an active participant in public welfare. Her musical background, in the meantime, adds to the shaping of Chinas national image in a gentle way.

Cartoon diplomacy: visual strategies, imperial rivalries and the 1890 British Ultimatum to Portugal.

This paper offers a novel interpretation of the 1890 British Ultimatum, by bringing to the front of the stage its techno-diplomatic dimension, often invisible in the canonical diplomatic and military narratives. Furthermore, we use an unconventional historical source to grasp the British-Portuguese imperial conflict over the African hinterland via the building of railways: the cartoons of the politically committed and polyvalent Portuguese artist and journalist Rafael Bordalo Pinheiro (1846-1905), published in his journal Ponto nos iis, from the end of 1889 and throughout 1890. We argue that the Ponto nos iis cartoons played a so far overlooked role in the unfolding of British-Portuguese affairs, as they shaped at a distance a diplomatic exchange with the British satirical journal Punch. Attacking and counterattacking his fellow cartoonists in Britain, Pinheiro surged into the role of informal diplomat. This cartoon visual and public diplomacy unfolded in the pages of both journals and was tied to the two countries' colonial conquests in Africa, where the Portuguese and British empires were competing to dominate the African hinterland through large technological systems. Hence the cartoons made visible to wider audiences the otherwise hidden role that technologies played in the two countries' affairs. In turn, the cartoons aimed at persuading the Portuguese public and ruling classes alike that only regime change, from monarchic to republican, would restore the wounded Portuguese national pride.

The Effectiveness of the Joint Training Program of the Marine Corps of the Indonesian National Army Navy (TNI AL) with the United States Marine Corps (USMC)

The objective of the Indonesian National Army Marine Corps (TNI AL) Marine Corps Joint Training Program with the United States Marine Corps (USMC) is to increase the professionalism of the soldiers involved in the training, strengthen the cooperative relations between the two countries in the field of defense and security as well as internally as a form of carrying out the duties of the Indonesian Navy in enhancing the diplomatic role of the Navy in order to support the foreign policy policies set by the government. In this study the authors formulate the problem regarding: how effective is the joint training program carried out by the Marine Corps of the Indonesian Navy and the USMC?; and what are the things that support and hinder the effectiveness of the joint training cooperation program carried out by the Marine Corps of the Indonesian Navy and USMC. By using qualitative research methods, the Joint Training Program of the Marine Corps of the Indonesian National Army Navy (TNI AL) of the Indonesian Navy and the United States Marine Corps (USMC) was photographed with the concept of program effectiveness according to S.P Siagian (2008), namely clarity of objectives to be achieved; Clarity of strategy for achieving goals; The process of analysis and formulation of policies; Careful planning; Preparation of the right program; Availability of facilities and infrastructure; Effective and efficient program implementation; Monitoring and control system. The findings in the field are in accordance with the concept of effectiveness according to S.P Siagian (2008) which describes 8 aspects of program effectiveness namely; Clarity of goals to be achieved; Clarity of strategy for achieving goals; The process of analysis and formulation of policies; Careful planning; Preparation of the right program; Availability of facilities and infrastructure; Effective and efficient program implementation; Monitoring and control system. Factors supporting the effectiveness of the Joint Training Program between the Marine Corps of the Indonesian Navy and the USMC are the support from the central management (Mabes TNI AL); there is a clear relationship between the objectives and the training plan; Adequate funding; there is a training needs assessment (TNA); support for applying skills and knowledge learned in on-the-job training; and the assessment of the impact of training on personnel performance. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor for the effectiveness of the Joint Training Program between the Marine Corps of the Indonesian Navy and the USMC is the lack of English skills for members of the Marine Corps of the Indonesian Navy who carry out Joint Training tasks.

COVID-19 vaccine equity for the Global South: Vaccination challenges and opportunities for small and poor countries

The effects of COVID-19 have significantly interrupted countries and the social order across the globe. However, the developing countries which could not manufacture or even buy the most wanted commodity: COVID-19 Vaccine, looked on as the situation got worse even in the wealthy nations. Diplomacy seems a ray of hope among developing countries as wealthy nations have used almost all the vaccines themselves. The goal of this study was to critically analyze the challenges and opportunities around the COVID19 pandemic, especially vaccine distribution and access, and the role of diplomacy in this process in selected countries in Africa. We used the narrative literature review approach. We examined the cases of Uganda, Ghana, and South Africa on the COVID-19 vaccine distribution. We found minimal accessibility and affordability of vaccines in developing nations. African and other developing countries have since depended on vaccine donations. Affordability makes it challenging for wealthy countries to lend a hand while ensuring their population and market needs are catered for. We propose that nationals in the Global South must strengthen their diplomatic systems and negotiation skills with wealthy countries while reinforcing public health systems. Developing countries must build alliances to engage with high-income countries as equal partners.

I.Mahmud Döneminde Habsburg Elçilerine Verilen Ziyafetler [1730-1754

Diplomasi, uluslararası ilişkileri inceleyerek mevcut problemi müzakere yoluyla çözüme kavuşturan bir kavramdır. Devletler bu kavramı bünyelerinde geliştirerek kendilerine has diplomasi kaidelerini oluştururlar. Köklü bir geçmişe sahip olan Osmanlı Devleti de zamanla kendi diplomasi kaidelerini oluşturarak elçiler vasıtasıyla diğer devletlerle olan ilişkilerini yürüttü. Devletlerarası ilişkileri yürütmede önemli görevler üstlenen elçiler, diplomasinin önemli aktörleri arasında yer aldı. Çalışmada Osmanlı diplomasisinde elçi kabullerinde uygulanan ziyafet meselesi, Sultan I. Mahmud döneminde (1730-1754) Habsburg elçilerine verilen ziyafetler özelinde ele alındı. Bu noktada araştırmanın temel amacı, Osmanlı’da genel elçi kabulleri üzerinden I. Mahmud döneminde gelen Habsburg elçilerine verilen ziyafetleri ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmada I. Mahmud döneminde Avusturya’dan gelen üç elçinin (Leopold von Talman, Anton Korfiz Ulefeld, Heinrich Freiherr von Penckler) Babıâli’deki kabulü ile bunlar için yapılan harcama ve muameleler ile verilen ziyafetlerin ana hatları üzerinde tespit ve değerlendirmeler yapıldı. İlgili tespitler için döneme ait arşiv vesikaları, kronikler, teşrifat defterleri ve diğer araştırma eserlerinden istifade edildi. Araştırma sonrasında I. Mahmud döneminde Avusturya’dan gelen elçilere Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki genel elçi kabulü temaüllerine uygun bir şekilde muamelelerin yapıldığı, farklılıkların ise dönemsel ve elçinin geliş amacı ile statüsü gibi farklılıklardan kaynaklandığı sonucuna varıldı.

Technology Design 4.0 to Create Maritime Power

Technological developments and globalization affect the entire system of life. The state as a subject in international life must quickly follow technological developments. State Defense and Security is one of the objects that is always protected. Innovation is a verb that is always required to develop a national defense and security system. Before carrying out innovations, first look at the potential for technology-based security, such as the development of nuclear weapons, biological weapons or information and technology systems that have turned into a non-traditional war potential. Indonesia, one of the countries in the Asian region, needs to anticipate both regional and global opponents to be able to make plans and technological innovations in the future where technology is no longer a noun but a verb that plays a diplomatic role.

Promoting China out of self-interest: Chinese diaspora diplomacy in Chile

ABSTRACT Based on our fieldwork among the Chinese diaspora communities in Chile, this article on the diplomatic roles of diasporas challenges the conventional state-centric perspective on diplomacy. We propose that Chinese diasporas can carry out two core functions of diplomacy—the representation of and communication about a country—at the people-to-people level. Chinese diaspora diplomacy is fundamentally driven by diaspora members’ interest in improving their socioeconomic position in the host society and highly influenced by their intercultural skills. The diplomatic practices of diasporas are heterogeneous and often spontaneous, ranging from collective diplomacy channelled through diaspora associations to individual diplomacy through diasporic business activities and daily expressions. Although these activities do not necessarily involve adherence to the governing agenda of a political regime, they often strive to promote China in the host society. Nonetheless, their outcomes may sometimes be at odds with China’s interests.

Contributors

Previous articleNext article FreeContributorsPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreMiloš Broćić is a Ph.D. candidate from the Department of Sociology at the University of Toronto. His work lies at the intersection of political sociology, culture, and sociological theory. His primary research interests include exploring the social bases of moral conflict and assessing intellectual movements in sociology.Jonah Stuart Brundage is assistant professor of sociology at the University of Michigan. His research interests include historical and comparative sociology, political sociology, economic sociology, and social theory. He is currently writing a book on the role of diplomats and treaty-making in the rise of the British Empire.Kristopher Velasco is assistant professor of sociology at Princeton University. He uses the case of LGBT+ rights to illuminate changes within international organizations, transnational processes, and world culture. Kristopher received his B.A. from the University of Kansas and M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin.Carly R. Knight is assistant professor of sociology at New York University. She is an economic sociologist with interest in organizations, law, culture, and markets. Her research examines the history of American corporate capitalism and the cultural processes through which economic actors are constructed.Adam Goldstein is assistant professor jointly appointed in the Department of Sociology and the School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University. His primary research focuses on the social consequences of financial capitalism in the United States. He holds a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of California, Berkeley.Geoffrey T. Wodtke is associate professor of sociology at the University of Chicago and associate director of the Stone Center for Research on Wealth Inequality and Mobility at the Harris School of Public Policy.Ugur Yildirim is a data scientist at Slingshot Finance. He earned his Ph.D. in Sociology from the University of California, Berkeley, in 2020.David J. Harding is professor of sociology at University of California, Berkeley, and the faculty director of the Berkeley D-Lab.Emma Zang, Ph.D., is assistant professor of sociology, biostatistics, and global affairs at Yale University. Her research interests lie at the intersection of health and aging, family demography, and inequality. She is also interested in developing and evaluating statistical methods to model trajectories and life transitions. She has published articles in the top sociology, demography, family, methodology, and health journals.Poh Lin Tan is an assistant professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore. Her research focuses on women’s fertility, health and work-life balance in the contexts of extremely low fertility rates in Singapore and Asia, with publications across sociology, demography, economics and social policy journals. She serves as the secretary of the Population Association of Singapore.Philip J. Cook is professor emeritus of public policy and economics at Duke University. His research interests include education, criminal behavior, income inequality, and other topics. Previous articleNext article DetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Sociology Volume 128, Number 5March 2023 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/725539 © 2023 The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Urgency of the Diplomatic Role of the Indonesian Navy in Supporting Security Stability in the Indo-Pacific Region

Over the past few years, the intensity of use of the term "Indo-Pacific" has been increasingly encountered in various strategic discussions. Currently, the Indo-Pacific is an important area that reflects global geopolitics in the 21st century because it is the most strategic international trade and shipping route. In addition to its strategic location, the Indo-Pacific also causes various threat dynamics, especially due to the presence of various large countries in the region that are trying to exercise their hegemony. The dynamics of threats that are often encountered in this region include issues of the South China Sea, US-China rivalry, maritime disputes, and maritime security. In the midst of the increasingly complex dynamics of threats in the Indo-Pacific region, the Indonesian Navy has the duty and support for creating regional security through the role of Navy diplomacy. This article uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The several theories used are regional security complexity theory, threat theory, and naval diplomacy. There are three important points elaborated in the discussion including: The security complexity and dynamics of threats in the Indo-Pacific region, Regional cooperation to achieve regional stability, and Implementation of the Indonesian Navy's diplomatic role in the region.

Modern Diplomats: Agents, Experts, and Policy Entrepreneurs

The article analyzes changes in the conditions of functioning of modern diplomatic services and their impact on the functions of diplomats and ways of achieving foreign policy goals, in particular in the field of multilateral diplomatic interactions. New telecommunication tools, the multiplicity of information sources and the growing frequency of direct interactions between governments and societies increase the requirements for diplomats. The role of diplomats as agents-intermediaries is losing its importance, while their role as the creators of cooperation in the implementation of international public policies is gaining importance. The author shows how changes in communication technologies lead to a decline in the importance of simple data collection. On the other hand, the strong interdependence of economic and social processes, external and domestic changes increases the degree of uncertainty of diplomats’ activities and opens the field for diplomats who are able to create international policies and international cooperation mechanisms.

The role of nuclear weapons in modern global politics

The place of nuclear weapons in current world politics remains an important issue due to the threat of nuclear war, strategic relations between countries with nuclear capabilities, and the impact on international stability and security. However, this issue is becoming increasingly relevant in light of the growing confrontation between countries with significant nuclear capabilities, in particular between China and the United States. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of nuclear weapons on international relations, the preservation of peace and security in the modern world, and the use of nuclear weapons as a deterrent and/or threat tool. The methodological basis of the study is the analysis of documents and legislation, historical analysis, structural and functional method, and system method. The results of the study highlight the history of the emergence and development of nuclear weapons, and attempts to regulate their volumes. The current state of nuclear arsenals of states, the location of nuclear weapons, their modernisation and role in modern international relations are investigated, and statistics on nuclear warheads of nuclear countries are provided. The role of diplomacy and international agreements in the management of nuclear weapons is also analysed. They recalled the current geopolitical conflicts and tensions between states, and manipulations by nuclear countries that can lead to an increase in the risks of nuclear escalation. As a result of the study, key factors and aspects that determine the role of nuclear weapons in international politics were identified, such as deterrence, threats, proliferation, and international agreements, their impact on international stability, international diplomacy, terrorism, and technological challenges related to nuclear issues. Research on this topic is of practical importance for shaping political strategies, ensuring world peace and security, and raising awareness of possible threats and challenges associated with nuclear weapons

Role of diplomacy in recognition of an evolving state: the case of Eritrea and South Sudan

Role of diplomacy in recognition of an evolving state: the case of Eritrea and South Sudan