Role Of Agricultural Extension Research Articles

The Role of Agricultural Extension in Increasing Competence and Income Rice Farmers

The success of agricultural development in Indonesia in developing the ability of farmers is inseparable from the role of extension services carried out professionally. This study aims to (1) Analyzing the level of farmers 'perceptions about the role of extension workers in improving the competence of rice farmers in Tayawa Village, and (2) Analyzing factors that influence the level of farmers' perceptions about the role of extension workers in increasing the competence of rice farmers in Tayawa Village. This research uses a survey method with a descriptive analysis approach and a quantitative paradigm, supplemented with qualitative data information to support and sharpen quantitative analysis. The level of competence of middle rice farmers tends to be low, due to the weak role of agricultural extension workers. The role of the instructor as a communicator, facilitator, educator, and communicator turned out to have a positive effect on increasing the competence of rice farmers. But now these factors tend to be low so that it is still lacking in efforts to increase the competence of rice farmers.

The role of agricultural extension in awareness of optimum crop sequences patterns in New Valley Governorate

This research aims to identify the patterns of crop sequences prevailing among the cultivated farmers during three consecutive agricultural years; determine the level of satisfaction of the respondents with the prevailing patterns of crop sequences, and the most important variables associated with it; and identify the sources of agricultural information from which the respondents derive their information in this field, and the extent to which the agricultural extension apparatus implements some extension activities in the field of educating farmers with appropriate crop sequences patterns. This research was conducted in the New Valley Governorate, where the two largest districts in the governorate were chosen namely Al-Kharjaa and Al-Dakhla districts. A simple random sample of farmers was chosen in each village by 5% of the total number of farmers in each village, where the data of this questionnaire was completed through a personal interview for respondents. A set of statistical methods were used in the analysis of field data, where these methods ranged from tabular presentation by frequency and percentages, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and the rank correlation coefficient of Spearman. The results indicated that the most common cropping patterns among cultivated farmers in the winter season for three consecutive agricultural years were: (clover + wheat), and (clover + wheat + bean). The most common cropping patterns among cultivated farmers in the summer season for the three consecutive agricultural years were: (clover + green fodder), and (clover + Sorghum + Maize). About 11.5% of the total sample falls in the high from the degree of satisfaction with the prevailing cropping patterns. We recommend to intensify the extension efforts to provide farmers with all knowledge and information on agricultural crops, the needs of the internal and external markets, and consumers requirements.

الدور الحالی والمرتقب للارشاد الزراعی فی زراعة الخضر تحت الصوب الزراعیة بمنطقة البستان فی محافظة البحیرة

The main objective of this study to identify the current and prospective role of agricultural extension in the field of vegetable cultivation under greenhouse in Al-Noubaria area of Beheira Governorate. Questionnaire through personal interviews was used to collect data from 196 farmers representing research samples. Percentages, arithmetic mean, the frequency tables, standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient (person) and the regression coefficient were used to analyze data. The research results showed that: The most of farmers 81.6% had low and medium level of knowledge related to the main practices of agriculture in Greenhouse 94.9% of farmers had low and medium levels of implementation of the main practices under greenhouse. 74% of farmers were of low and medium awareness of the role of agriculture extension. There is a significant correlation between the knowledge level of the respondents to cultivating vegetables under greenhouses as a dependent variable, and between the educational level, the degree of trend towards export of greenhouse products, the degree of participation in community organizations, the degree of satisfaction with work in greenhouse, the degree of exposure to sources of information on vegetable cultivation under Greenhouse, the degree of openness to the outside world and the role of agricultural extension, respectively as independent variables. There is a significant correlation between the degree of the executive level of the respondents by planting vegetables under greenhouse as a dependent variable and between the educational level of the respondents and the degree of exposure to sources of information on growing vegetables under greenhouse, the trend towards export and the role of agricultural extension provided to the respondents as independent variables. The educational level, the trend towards export, the degree of openness to the outside world, the degree of participation in various societal organizations, the degree of satisfaction with work under greenhouse, the degree of exposure to sources of information on growing vegetables under greenhouse, and the role provided by the agricultural extension to farmers under greenhouse as Variables responsible for the interpretation of 30,2% in the overall variance of the general knowledge level of the respondents cultivating vegetables under greenhouse. The educational level, the trend towards export, the degree of exposure to sources of information about growing vegetables under greenhouse, and the role provided by agricultural extension to vegetable farmers under greenhouse, variables responsible for the interpretation of 26.7% in the overall variation of the executive level of respondents to the practices of growing vegetables under greenhouse. The most important problems faced by farmers investigated in greenhouse cultivation were the high costs of greenhouse construction, the high incidence of fungal diseases, and the difficulty of conducting integrated pest control in greenhouse. The prospective role of the agricultural extension in the field of vegetable cultivation under greenhouse from the viewpoint of the respondents, the presence of adequate and technical support for the agricultural extension in the field of growing vegetables under greenhouse and how to manage greenhouse.

The Role of Self-Supporting Extension Agent in Institutional Development of Farmers in Sijunjung Regency and West Pasaman Regency

The advancement of agriculture sector in one region cannot be separated from the role of agricultural extension in the region. To cover the deficiency of agricultural extension agents, self-supporting extension agents are recruited from farmers or private parties. This study aims to analyze the role of self-supporting instructors in improving farmer institutions and analyze factors related to the role of self-supporting extension agents in improving farmer institutions. This research was a qualitative descriptive study, and it was conducted in West Pasaman and Sijunjung Regency with a sample of 38 people. The results showed that self-supporting instructors play a significant role in improving farmer institutions; this is seen from 78% of self-supporting extension agents have a role in increasing farmer institutions. Factors related to the role of self-supporting extension agents in improving farmer institutions are (1) the age of agents, (2) the number of partners from farmer groups, and (3) the frequency of training attended by self-supporting extension agents. To increase the role of self-extension extension agents in the institutional development of farmers, it is recommended that institutions who manage the agricultural extension recruit self-supporting extension agents from the millennial generation and facilitate self-supporting extension agents to be able to participate in training related to farming in the agent's area of work.
 

The Role of Agricultural Extension in Decentralizing the Sensitivity of Vegetable Farmers to the Risk of Residual Pesticide Effects

This study was carried out in the northern Khartoum (Bahry Locality) with the aim of knowing the role of agricultural extension in developing the awareness of the farmer to the danger of residual effect of pesticides (vegetable farmers). The social survey method was used to conduct this study; 100 vegetable farmers were selected randomly. The data collected through questionnaires, observation, and interviews for primary data, previously concerned, and reference documents were used to collect secondary data. Data collected were analyzed using the statistical packages for social science (SPSS). The study yielded some useful results, the most important of which are: the presence of respondents who obtain their information about pesticides from merchants, the absence of a guide provider in their area, and the absence of any seminars or lectures on the use of pesticides, or programs. For example, radio and television programs were presented but protective clothing was not used. This study is based on the researcher's advocate for the following: intensifying agricultural extension and employee visits to the agricultural field, in addition to intensifying educational evidence for consumers regarding pesticides and providing preliminary data on pesticides and how to deal with them and increase them. Educate farmers about the safe use of pesticides and identify the risks and damages that pesticides cause to humans.

Characteristics of Innovations in the Cultivation Process of Intensive Red Chili

The characteristics of innovation and the process of implementing intensive red chili cultivation need to get training from parties involved in intensive red chili cultivation activities. The purpose of this study is to determine farmers' assessment of the innovation characteristics of intensive red chili cultivation. The research sample consisted of 32 red chili farmers in Meurah Dua District, Pidie Jaya Regency, Indonesia. This research was conducted through a qualitative descriptive approach with data measurement using a Likert scale. Based on farmers' responses to the innovation characteristics of intensive red chili cultivation, the results sequentially showed that the cultivation (1) having a relative profit level, (2) easy to try, (3) suitability level, (4) observable, and (5) level of innovation complexity. The process of red chili cultivation activities include; (1) seed procurement and seeding, (2) land management, (3) planting, (4) plant maintenance, (5) pest and disease control, and (6) harvesting. The role of agricultural extension is needed to continue to provide training and assistance to address problems faced by intensive red chili farmers especiallyin the selection of superior seeds and good seeding process, balanced fertilization, integrated pest and disease control.

The Role of Agricultural Extension and Education System in Rural Entrepreneurship Development

The Role of Agricultural Extension and Education System in Rural Entrepreneurship Development

PERSEPSI PETANI TERHADAP PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN DI DESA LADA MANDALA JAYA KECAMATAN PANGKALAN LADA KABUPATEN KOTAWARINGIN BARAT

This study aims to determine the perception of farmers on the role of agricultural extension. Extension roles/duties include education, dissemination of information/innovation, facilitation, consultation, supervision, monitoring and evaluation, where the sixth in this study into research variables. Likert scale is used to measure the perception of rubber farmers to the overall role of agricultural extension workers. From the results of the research note that the perception of farmers for the role of extension workers in the value is in the category “enough to play'' with the overall average of 3.11. The perception of farmers on the role of agricultural extension in Lada Mandala Jaya Village, Pangkalan Lada Sub-district can be categorized as (a). “role” (mean = 3,69) for sub-variable of Education, (b). “role” (mean = 3,41) for the sub-variable Dissemination, (c). “lacks role'' (average = 2.24) as the Facilitator, (d). “enough role” (average = 3.15) as consultant, (e). “enough role” (average = 2.60) as Supervisor, and (f). “enough role” (average = 2.61) in the implementation of Monitoring and Evaluation. It is advisable to extension workers to optimize the role of extension workers, especially in facilitating and supervising the farmers in the development of rubber plantation business.

Evaluation of the agricultural extension role of agricultural extension agents in strawberry production from farmers' point of view in Ismailia governorate, Egypt

The aim of the research was to determine the level of knowledge of the farmers involved in the tasks of agricultural extension agents in the field of strawberry production in Ismailia Governorate, and to identify the level of availability of material and educational resources in the guidance devices from the point of view of the respondents and to determine the level of participation of farmers in the agricultural extension activities in the field of strawberry production in the research area, and to identify the extension services provided to farmers in the research area, and to identify the level of satisfaction of farmers. The research was conducted in Ismailia Governorate on a random sample of 260 respondents with 32.5% of the total number of surveyed farmers of the total volume of 800 farmers. The preliminary data were collected during the period from June and July 2018. The preliminary data for the research were processed statistically through the mean, percentages, numbers and frequencies. The following results were found: - The level of knowledge of 84.6% respondents the farmers interviewed in the role of agricultural extension agents in the field of strawberry production in the research area was low, the rest between the average and the higher. - The level of knowledge of 78.8% respondents the farmers in availability of material and educational resources with the guidance devices from the point of view of the surveyed farmers in the research area was low, the rest between the average and the higher. - The level of knowledge of 76.9% respondents the farmers in roles which they carrying out degree of agricultural extension agents In the field of production The strawberry arrival from the point of view of the surveyed farmers in the research area was low, the rest between the average and the high. - The results indicated that the level of participation of farmers in agricultural extension activities in the research area (80.8%) of respondents and the rest between the average and the high. - It was found that the most important extension services provided to the farmers according to what they mentioned in the research area are: establishment of fields, seminars and extension meetings, visits of guides to fields and houses Agriculture And the visit of farmers to the office of the guide and telephone communication in the agriculture rates ranged between 29.6%- 59%, - The level of satisfaction with the extension services provided to them in the search area was low for respondents by 83.5%, and the rest between the average and high. - The results indicated that the most important problems facing The extension work in the field of strawberry production and their point of view in the research area: the lack of specialized agricultural extension agents, the low wages of the agricultural extension agents, the lack of health conditions in the training and extension rooms, the scarcity of home visits to the farmers in varying percentages Among 78%- 89%. - The main proposals for solving the problems facing the extension work from the point of view of the farmers are: providing specialized agricultural extension agents, increasing the wages of the agricultural extension agents, providing health conditions in the training and extension rooms, increasing the home visits to the farmers in varying percentages Among 76.9%- 88.8%.

Evaluation of the Role of Agricultural Extension in the Face of Agricultural Risks from the Point of View of Farmers in Ismailia Governorate

Evaluation of the Role of Agricultural Extension in the Face of Agricultural Risks from the Point of View of Farmers in Ismailia Governorate

Improving management practices of emerging cattle farmers in selected areas of the Eastern Cape Province: the role of agricultural extension

The study was conducted to determine cattle production and management practices of developing cattle farmers in two selected districts (Amathole and Chris Hani) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The study mainly focused on beef cattle farmers that are farming on leased or private land. From both districts, 60 respondents (30 per district) were interviewed using structured questionnaires. Results showed that 33% of the study sample had low levels of education while only 15% (n=10) had tertiary education qualifications. Cattle management activities were performed by almost all the respondents except deworming which was done by only 33%. The respondents were mostly vaccinating for diseases such as Black quarter (42%), Redwater (40%), and Anthrax (30%). The assessed farmers were controlling parasites with many different methods, however, pour on was found to be the most frequently used method (52%), followed by plunge dipping (33%) and hand spray (32%). There were farmers that planted cultivated pastures (35%) and some that were also using supplements (licks) for their herds (77%). As bush encroachments were not a problem in some farms, most farmers were not taking any actions, but 24% were using fires when reducing moribund. Breeding monitoring activities (birth observation, pregnant test and bull futility testing) were conducted by the respondents (78%, 15% and 12% respectively). It is recommended that agricultural extension play an imperative role in linking possible role players and farmers. Keywords: Eastern Cape, cattle management, emerging farmers

Capacity development for scaling up Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) innovations: agricultural extension's role in mitigating climate change effects in Gqumashe community, Eastern Cape, South Africa

This study aimed at ascertaining what role agricultural extension plays in mitigating the effects of climate change and variability using farmers’ perceptions in Gqumashe village, Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa. The survey research design was adopted for the study, and data for the study were collected from 50 respondents using a convenience sampling method in the study area. Data was analysed using SPSS and descriptive statistics (means, percentages and graphs) were produced. Farmers in the study area were aware of and perceived climate change and variability as detrimental to agricultural production as they reported various problems associated with changes and variability in climate to their extension workers and other available agricultural officials. The paper concludes by making three recommendations: a) Extension agents as the disseminators of information to farmers need to conduct targeted training for farmers in order to raise more awareness about climate change and variability as a subject; b)Extension agents need to visit farmers regularly and also provide information on current issues related to farming, new technology development for agriculture and farming, climate change and variability issues, as well as training about new agricultural techniques to counteract climate change and variability effects; and c) Extension agents need to proactively meet the expressed need for market information and storage facilities. Keywords: Perceptions, capacity development, climate smart agriculture, agricultural extension

A review of the role of agricultural extension and training in achieving sustainable food security: a case of South Africa

A review of the role of agricultural extension and training in achieving sustainable food security: a case of South Africa

The Role Of Extension Support In A Communal Farmers' Market System In Mhondoro-Mubaira, Zimbabwe

The objective of this research was to establish the role of agricultural extension in communal farmers’ market systems by looking at possible ways in which it could intervene and support communal farmers in the marketing of produce. The study was conducted in the area of Mhondoro-Mubaira, which is situated in Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe. The target population comprised of 150 communal farmers and 25 extension officers. Poor technology and an under-resourced extension department is one of the factors identified by the extension officers (84%) for poor extension delivery (p =<0.464). The communal farmers referred to in this study have a negative perception of government-led extension support, especially in the area of agricultural market support. About half (56%) of the farmers indicated that they do not receive any form of agricultural marketing extension support. The reasons for the poor ratings of government extension support by communal farmers include the following: they are hardly available (8.88%); they are not knowledgeable enough (13.02%); and they do not offer practical solutions (24.85%). Communal food production and food security could be significantly improved if farmers receive appropriate input, training and extension support. Market linkage from the extension department could effectively boost income from agriculture enterprises and upgrade communal farmers who come from the most vulnerable section of the country’s population. Keywords: Agricultural Extension Excellence Model (AEEM), Agritex, Communal farming, Extension, Market systems

Extension’s role and stakeholders’ intervention in climate change advocacy

The world’s agricultural system has been terribly affected by climate change and consequently the future of agriculture, its practices and productivity is hampered. Hence, this paper presents the agricultural and environmental problems associated with climate change and seeks to proffer possible solutions through the intervention of extension services and stakeholders. It focuses on the role of agricultural extension and its immense import in influencing crop production practices that will ensure sustainability and improve soil management. To effect a change in a diverging economy with critical climatic conditions, it becomes imperative that scientific, technological and conceptual policy practices that will reduce negative environmental impacts must be integrated and implemented.

The Factors Affecting Agricultural Extension Role in Providing Extension Service in Kafr El - Sheikh Governorate

This research aims mainly at identifying the factors affecting the role of agricultural extension centers in providing agricultural extension services in Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. The governorate was chosen as the area for conducting this research because it is the first of the Egyptian governorates in the number of extension centers. It includes 23 extension centers representing 10% of the total extension centers in Egypt. It includes 10 districts (e.g., Kafr El-Sheikh and Seidi Salem districts). Aryamon village chosen also was selected from the center of Kafr El-Sheikh and the Elwarak village from Seidi Salem district. The number of holders was 2033 holders and 1495 holders, respectively. After applying the Morgan & Kerejce equation, the total sample was 176 farmers. About 101 farmers from the Aryamon village and 75 farmers from the Elwarak village were selected. The survey data were obtained by interview in March and April 2017 using the mean, standard deviation, percentage, simple and multiple correlation coefficient, partial & multiple regression coefficient, for analysis of search data. About 48.3% of the surveyed farmers had low knowledge of the role of extension centers in providing extension services, 83% of them were low in the performance of extension centers for their extension service, and 83% were dissatisfied with the role of agricultural extension centers. The most important factors influencing the role of the extension centers in providing the extension service are: contacting the extension center, the number of services obtained by the researcher from the extension center, the number of times the researcher visited the extension center, satisfaction with the extension center, and social participation.

PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN DALAM PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA TOMAT (Lycopersicun esculentum L.) DI DESA LOLENG KECAMATAN KOTA BANGUN KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA (The Role of Agricultural Extension in the Application of Cultivation Technology of Tomato (Lycopersicun esculentum L.) in Loleng Village Kota Bangun Subdistrict Kutai Kartanegara District)

This study aimed to know the role of agricultural extension in the development of tomato cultivation, the application level of tomato cultivation technology, and the relationship between the role of agricultural extension. The sampling method in this study was stratified random sampling. The data were analyzed by using Rank Spearman. The results showed that the role of agricultural extension in the technology of tomato cultivation was very important position with an average score of 39.16, the level of application of tomato cultivation technology was in a high position with an average score of 45.47, there is a close relationship between the role of agricultural extension with the application level of tomato cultivation technology.

PERAN PENYULUH PERTANIAN DALAM PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA TOMAT (Lycopersicun esculentum L.) DI DESA LOLENG KECAMATAN KOTA BANGUN KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA (The Role of Agricultural Extension in the Application of Cultivation Technology of Tomato (Lycopersicun esculentum L.) in Loleng Village Kota Bangun Subdistrict Kutai Kartanegara District)

This study aimed to know the role of agricultural extension in the development of tomato cultivation, the application level of tomato cultivation technology, and the relationship between the role of agricultural extension. The sampling method in this study was stratified random sampling. The data were analyzed by using Rank Spearman. The results showed that the role of agricultural extension in the technology of tomato cultivation was very important position with an average score of 39.16, the level of application of tomato cultivation technology was in a high position with an average score of 45.47, there is a close relationship between the role of agricultural extension with the application level of tomato cultivation technology.

Farmers knowledge of the role of extension services in Akwa-Ibom State Nigeria

The study examined farmers’ knowledge of the role of extension services in Akwa-Ibom State. Specifically, the study examined socio-economic characteristics of the farmers in the study area, ascertained level of farmer’s knowledge on the role of agricultural extension in general agricultural development and also identified problems militating against farmers’ knowledge of these roles in the state. Multistage sampling techniques were used in selecting 180 respondents for the study. Descriptive statistics was used for data analysis while Probit regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses. The results show that the farmers had high knowledge in areas of role and information transfer through agricultural extension, while they had low knowledge in areas of effective implementation of knowledge and information gained. This has impeded the expected food security the nation hopes to attain through proper training and implementation of programs by farmers. However, major constraints limiting farmers’ knowledge in agricultural extension are poor understanding and application of technologies ( x = 4.4) as well as irregular visit and supervision of farmers by extension agents ( x = 4.0). Probit regression analysis shows that extension contact (2.705), level of education (3.389), farm status (3.282), income (2.505) and membership of cooperatives (6.012) were positive and highly significantly related to the level of farmers’ knowledge in the state. The study therefore recommends that knowledge of extension service should be brought closer to the farmers, through participatory extension approach under stable policy and sustainable institutional arrangement. Keywords: farmers’ knowledge, extension services, agricultural development, Akwa-Ibom State

The influence of labor and land use management on rice farming production in Pohuwato District

The purposes of this research are: 1) to analyze the labor and land use area in Pohuwato District; 2) to analyze the effect of labor and land area usage on increased rice production in Pohuwato; 3) to analyze the factors of soil processing technology that have influence on rice production in Pohuwato District. The research method is survey method. The data analysis is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the labor use in family and land are has a significant effect on rice production in Pohuwato District of Gorontalo. The other side that the technologies increase has no significant effect on rice production in Pohuwato District of Gorontalo. The results that showed insignificant effect because the technology has a good impact in increased production but not factual, so in the future it the need to evaluate in the technology adoption and the role of agricultural extension must be more optimal.