Role Of Acid Phosphatase Research Articles

Role of acid phosphatase in delayed neurotoxicity induced by leptophos in hens

Role of acid phosphatase in delayed neurotoxicity induced by leptophos in hens

Role of acid phosphatase in the breakdown of yolk platelets in developing amphibian embryos.

Yolk platelets in differentiating embryonic amphibian cells degrade by a membranous "unraveling" or "delamination" process. Acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated at the peripheries of those platelets which were in the process of degrading and thus this lytic enzyme appears to be involved in the breakdown process. We believe that this relationship provides a means by which early cells obtain the nutrients necessary for early differentiation.

On the distribution and role of acid phosphatase in the sub-pharyngeal ganglia of Indian cattle leech, Poecilobdella granulosa

Histoenzymatic studies on the sub-pharyngeal ganglia have shown two types of neurons, enclosed in a packet-glial-cell. One of these kinds of cells is larger than the other and vesiculated, while the other is non-vesiculated. Interestingly, all the neurons have reacted very violently for acid phosphatase. The reaction is predominently cytoplasmic, masking the cellular organelles in most of the cells. Smaller cells are more in number and of two kinds. The neuronal processes (axons) have manifested mild enzymatic activity. The neuropile shows predominently granular reaction, each dot probably representing a synaptic site. Intersegmental tracts have provided intense enzymatic activity. Possible physiological significance has been discussed.

The role of acid phosphatase and β-glucuronidase in reopening and remodeling of the developing chick esophagus

Biochemical and ultrastructural methods have been employed to determine the relationship of the lysosomal system to reopening and remodeling of the developing chick esophagus. Biochemical data indicate an increase in both acid phosphatase and β-glucuronidase activity during esophageal organogenesis. The appearance of these hydrolase enzyme activities appears to be independently regulated. The increase in acid hydrolase activities parallels the increase in total protein at a time when the esophagus is greatly enlarging. The greatest activity of acid phosphatase was localized in the anterior occluded segment of the esophagus. With reformation of the lumen, the distribution of acid phosphatase becomes uniform along the organ. Increases in hydrolase activities correlate closely with cell degeneration and the differentiation of the epithelium. Acid phosphatase is identified cytochemically in the Golgi complex and lysosomes of embryonic epithelial cells. Surrounding mesenchyme contains only modest cytochemical activity. Diffuse Golgi complexes and primary lysosomes predominate during early stages studied. Secondary lysosomes and condensed Golgi complexes are characteristic of differentiating epithelium at later stages. Acid phosphatase activity appears selectively localized in vital epithelial cells, while degenerating and moribund cells, whose appearances are obligatory to the reopening process, fail to demonstrate enzymatic activity. The temporal association of increased hydrolase activity and cytochemical maturation of a lyosomal system suggests an active involvement of the system in esophageal organogenesis.

Metamorphic competence in urodeles: Observations on the induction of gill resorption and its relationship to acid phosphatase

Larvae of Ambystoma maculatum (Amblystoma punctatum) and Triturus (Notophthalmus) viridescens at stage 42 were used to study gill resorption and the role of acid phosphatase in this phenomenon. Concentrations of 8 × 10 −2 μg/ml, 8 × 10 −3 μg/ml, 4 × 10 −3 μg/ml and 8 × 10 −4 μg/ml of 3,5,3-triiodothyronine were administered in the water surrounding the animals. It was found that beginning on day 3 of treatment the animals in the highest concentration group began to respond and that by day 7 gill resorption was complete. The animals in the 8 × 10 −3 μg/ml concentration group began resorption on day 7 and completed resorption by day 30. Animals receiving 4 × 10 −3 μg/ml were seen to proceed only to resorption of filaments by the end of the 30-day period. Those in the lowest concentration showed a response identical to the controls which received no T 3 treatment. A second group of animals was treated with 8 × 10 −2 μg/ml of T 3 and were killed at daily intervals, the gills were removed, homogenized, clarified, and subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at 4°C. The gels were stained for acid phosphatase activity, and the reacted gels were quantified. Animals at day 7 showed a 13-fold increase in acid phosphatase activity.

Weight and volume changes and acid phosphatase activity of the corpus luteum of hypophysectomised and caesarian sectioned pregnant rats.

ABSTRACT Rats hypophysectomised on Day 8 of pregnancy showed no growth or involution of the corpus luteum four days later but there was a significant increase in the total and free acid phosphatase activities. Hypophysectomy on Day 12 did not affect the expected changes in luteal weight and acid phosphatase activity but did increase the volume of the corpus luteum on Day 16 compared to intact pregnant rats. Concurrently performed hypophysectomy and Caesarian section caused a greater rate of luteal regression and a greater increase in acid phosphatase activity than did Caesarian section alone. Although involution of the corpus luteum was progressively advanced by 32 days after the initiation of gestation in rats hypophysectomised or hypophysectomised plus Caesarian sectioned on Day 8 and 12 respectively, there was no proportional increase in the acid phosphatase activity. The role of acid phosphatase in the structural regression of the rat corpus luteum is considered to be minimal.

Acid phosphatase activity in secretory granules of pancreatic beta cells of normal rats.

A cytochemical staining method for acid phosphatase combined with electron microscopy was applied to the islets of Langerhans of adult normal rats. In addition to dense bodies, some Golgi cisternae as well as a varying number of secretory granules of β cells were found to contain acid phosphatase. In view of the paucity of the knowledge concerning the role of acid phosphatase, the possible functional significance of its presence in the secretory granules of pancreatic β cells cannot be denned at the present time.

The role of acid phosphatase in the fusion of the secondary palate

ABSTRACT Complete closure of the secondary palate must progress through two con-secutive events: the converging movement of the palatal shelves and their subsequent fusion at the line of contact. Each step is indispensable in normal palatal development since, theoretically, a palatal cleft might be the consequence of a failure of either.

Acid phosphatase activity of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal system of dehydrated rats and pigeons in relation to neurosecretion

Following dehydration, acid phosphatase activity increased significantly in the pars nervosa of rats and pigeons. Significant change in acid phosphatase activity was not detected in the anterior hypothalamus of rats or in the median eminence region of pigeons. It is suggested that the neurosecretory activity is expressed quantitatively in terms of acid phosphatase, and that in birds the activity of the median eminence and pars nervosa is controlled independently. The role of acid phosphatase is discussed briefly with respect to the synaptic vesicles in the neurosecretory axonal endings.