Role Of Vocational Training Research Articles

Enhancing Employment Opportunities for People with Disabilities in Vietnam: The Role of Vocational Training and Job Placement Centers

Enhancing Employment Opportunities for People with Disabilities in Vietnam: The Role of Vocational Training and Job Placement Centers

The role of vocational training in ICT firms: the revelation

ABSTRACT The fourth industrial revolution has led to a tremendous increase in the demand for IT specialists. Until recently, this sector had traditionally recruited university graduates, but given the shortage of candidates, it has turned to individuals with vocational training, finding that they are capable of performing the same work with a similar level of efficiency. This article examines the role of IT technicians linked to VET, the objective being to obtain evidence that can help adapt the training system to the new economic model. This analysis is carried out as part of an action research process in Bilbao involving digital firms, VET institutions, policymakers, and the authors of the paper as researchers. Twenty-eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers of digital firms to determine the role and related skills (technical, transversal, and work-related organisation) of IT technicians. The findings demonstrate that IT technicians play a critical role in digital firms’ business model and that their profile is currently on a par with those of university students. Also apparent is the necessity of establishing a shared language between firms, educational centres, and other agents in order to facilitate the adjustment of the training system in the fourth industrial revolution.

Vocational training support and innovation at SMEs

Purpose While the value of human capital for technological innovation is well acknowledged, literature on the role of vocational training in corporate innovation is notably scarce. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of government support for small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) competencies on Korean firms’ innovation. The author investigates SMEs’ patent applications (supported by the government to varying degrees) while accounting for firms’ market position, ownership and management structure, as well as prior changes in firms’ technologies, products, processes and other characteristics. Alternative hypotheses about management motivation – the “lazy manager”, “career concerns” and “special East Asian institutional constraints” hypotheses – are also evaluated. Design/methodology/approach Censored and count data analysis methods are used on a panel of 595 Korean firms covering 2005–2015 from the Korean Human Capital Corporate Survey, Intellectual Property Office and National Investment Commission. A regression discontinuity estimator accounts for potential endogeneity because of support for vocational training at firms. Findings Firms receiving training support are more innovative than firms without support, but latent effects may play a role. The regression-discontinuity model suggests that firms that succeeded only marginally in obtaining support had higher innovative output than non-recipients near the eligibility threshold. Originality/value The findings of this study establish that government support had the intended effect on SMEs’ technological capacity. This cannot be discounted as a simple crowding-out effect. The author also establishes that management–ownership separation within firms was conducive to innovation, that product competition had an inverse U-shaped effect and that management–ownership separation had a substitutable relationship with competition in overcoming managers’ effort avoidance. The findings support the “lazy manager” hypothesis over the “career concerns” and the “special East Asian institutional constraints” hypotheses.

Upskilling as integration policy: Making the most of refugees' human capital in a context of skill shortage

AbstractThe integration of refugees is a serious social policy problem in many advanced countries, and current trends suggest that this issue is unlikely to disappear soon. At the same time, these countries are also experiencing skill shortages in expanding sectors. These twin pressures create an opportunity to use education as a tool to pursue refugee integration. We investigate how refugees are trained in a country, Switzerland, where employers play an important role in vocational training. We discuss the national strategy for refugee integration and then focus on the implementation in one French speaking Canton (Vaud) on the basis of a qualitative vignette survey among case workers in charge of supporting refugee integration. At implementation, we do not find much evidence of a generalised upskilling strategy being applied in Switzerland. On the contrary, the main emphasis is on quick access to employment, supported by vocational training mostly in the low‐skill segment. We conclude that the lack of an upskilling strategy is due to lack of coordination among policy areas and limited interest by employers.

Modeling the process of pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of the professional future

Introduction. The world of professions of the future in the field of medicine is in transformation constantly, acquiring features of dynamism, unpredictability and uncertainty, that’s why pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of the professional future plays an important role in vocational training. Uncertainty of the professional future of today’s youth and radical transformations of the socio-professional environment require qualitative changes in secondary vocational education, revision of its methodology, content and technologies for training medical personnel for the post-industrial economy. Purpose setting. The purpose of the study is to develop and theoretically and methodologically justify the structural and functional model of the process of pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of their professional future, the introduction of which into the educational process of institutions of secondary vocational education will achieve the desired result ‒ the readiness of medical students for the uncertainty of their professional future. Methodology of the study. The methodological basis of the study was systemic, competency-based, personalized, design and technological, contextual, and process approaches and the principles of mobility, variability, integrativity, reflexivity, focus on professional self-determination. The leading research method was the modeling method. Results. The simulation result is a structural-functional model of the process of pre-adaptation of medical college students to the uncertainty of their professional future, which includes four interrelated blocks: target, methodological, procedural-substantial and result-evaluative. The model allows forming the anticipatory readiness of medical students for professional activities in conditions of high uncertainty, instability and variability. It has the property of dynamism and openness for constant renewal. Conclusion. Scientific novelty is as follows: the essence and structure of the basic concepts are determined; justified the principles and methods of the process of pre-adaptation; a structural-functional model has been developed; substantiated and described organizational-pedagogical conditions. The results of the scientific work also allow us to outline the prospects for further research, which consist in the practical implementation of this model, the inclusion of the process of pre-adaptation in educational activities and the development of mechanisms for its evaluation from the standpoint of achieving the expected effects. The results can be applied by teachers in the process of professional education.

VR and AR virtual welding for psychomotor skills: a systematic review.

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) continue to play an important role in vocational training in the current pandemic and Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. Welding is one of the highly demanded vocational skills for various manufacturing and construction industries. Students need to undergo many practical sessions to become skilful welders. However, conventional training is very costly in terms of material, time, and infrastructure. Hence, we explore the intervention of VR and AR in welding training, which includes the research purposes, VR and AR technologies, and welding concepts and activities. We performed a comprehensive search of articles from the year 2000 to 2021. After filtering through inclusion criteria and full-text assessment, a total of 42 articles were coded and evaluated. While there has been growth in VR and AR welding training research, there is little discussion in their effectiveness for supporting distance learning, and most studies targeted entry-level students. Our main contributions are classifying primary functions in the virtual welding workshops and their adaptation to the psychomotor domain. We hope these results can empower the research community to develop and improve the VR and AR system and evaluation instruments to support vocational training, especially during this pandemic.

Role of Enterprise in Training and Developing Human Resources in Vietnam

After 35 years of national renovation and the implementation of the industrialization and modernization policy, our country has initially gained very important achievements in social-economic development. Striving target by 2030 Vietnam fulfills the goal of industrialization and modernization. However, to achieve this, we need to have skilled labor professionally trained to be able to compete in international markets. The role of vocational training is to train people for the labor market and meet the needs of the enterprise which plays an important part in promoting economic growth and job creation. Therefore, the cooperation of the business in vocational training and human resource development is extremely important and becoming more and more urgent.

El papel de la mentoría en la construcción de la imagen profesional

Esta investigación analiza la influencia de la mentoría informal en la construcción de la imagen profesional de los novatos de la carrera de Derecho. Los mentores suelen ser modelos de imagen profesional para sus aprendices, ya que les enseñan a proyectar eficiencia técnica y coherencia sociocultural en su trabajo cotidiano. Ambos componentes son valiosos en organizaciones institucionalizadas, como las de tipo jurídico, que valoran que los novatos, además de su conocimiento especializado, muestren un comportamiento y una vestimenta adecuados a la cultura organizacional. El estudio utiliza una perspectiva cualitativa para analizar los datos obtenidos de entrevistas en profundidad con egresados de Derecho de instituciones de educación superior pública y privada mexiquenses. Los resultados muestran que la vestimenta es una señal poderosa de competencia profesional, aunque su valor depende de distintos elementos.

Development of register competence in vocational business training – practical recommendations in terms of process-oriented writing didactics

More than ever, demands on register sensitive language skills play a significant role in vocational training. An analysis of curricula shows that especially written communication situations (with focus on distance) are dominating. Therefore process-oriented writing didactics shall serve as a basis for a didactics concept which includes several stages (sensitization, exercise, transfer). An instruction process design focusing on application illustrates exemplarily how these stages can be implemented and how register competence of native speakers as well as of students with a migration background can be developed.

O exercício da preceptoria na formação do terapeuta ocupacional

Considerando que o preceptor de estágio tem importante papel na formação profissional, este estudo tem como objetivo analisar o exercício da preceptoria na formação do terapeuta ocupacional em uma universidade pública do Nordeste. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de campo com abordagem qualitativa, cuja produção de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com nove profissionais.Os dados foram analisados com a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, o que permitiu identificar três categorias temáticas: Formação pedagógica para o exercício da preceptoria; Papel do preceptor de estágio; A preceptoria e o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Observou-se que a preceptoria é realizada com base na experiência prática dos profissionais, sem nenhuma capacitação prévia. Mesmo assim, atribuíram a seus papéis a função de orientar, mediar e facilitar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem; para isso, costumam adotar uma postura que conceda liberdade de intervenção aos estagiários, sem deixar de lado os momentos de discussão desta atuação. Conclui-se que, apesar de o exercício da preceptoria ter sido bem destacado, é preciso que estes profissionais reflitam sobre a importância de sua atuação e fomentem nas instituições a necessidade de qualificação para o exercício da preceptoria.

Innovation policies: the national and regional dimensions

The article discusses the article by Lucchese, Nascia and Pianta (this volume). It does so from the standpoint of innovation policy mixes. We highlight four main points. First most discussions on innovation policies underestimate the central role played by public investment banks (with their tools to support firm innovation). Second we have witnessed a massive move from sectoral policies to procedural policies and indirect, criteria based policy instruments (such as tax credits or support to investments in machinery) no longer focused on industries as such but on firm innovation capacity. Third higher education constitutes probably the most important framework condition supporting innovation and this raises important questions on the overall funding of universities and on their role in vocational training. Fourth I argue that the more procedural policies become, the greater the need for place-based policies, discussing thus the importance of regional innovation policies and the role of ‘clusters’, a missing dimension in the overview of Italian policies provided by Lucchese, Nascia and Pianta.

Employees’ Vocational Training and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR):beyond “Primary Responsibilities”

AbstractThis article aims at looking at ethical issues in vocational training. It widely explores the specific role of vocational training among the set of “responsibilities” that a company could have, not only towards it stakeholders, but also towards its own workforce. Underlying the multiple unfair sources of employees’ vocational training- the unequal access to training is one of them - we try to examine the possible combinations between CSR and this human resource practice. Through a critical outlook on CSR, we analyze different levels of CSR and insist on “ethical responsibilities” – a form of responsibility that aims at recognizing the employees as ethical subjects.

School‐to‐work transitional outcomes of a group of Italian school dropouts

PurposeThis study aims to deal with the role of vocational training in developing social inclusion by analyzing the school‐to‐work transitional outcomes of early school leavers whose successful experience in vocational training was documented in previous works.Design/methodology/approachThe sample comprises 126 males who enrolled in and successfully completed biennial vocational training courses soon after dropping out of school. The transitional outcomes one year after the qualification as well as the variability of these outcomes in relation to age, degree of success in vocational training, and achievement in the previous schools were analyzed. A phone interview was used to collect data, and a binary logistic regression analysis was applied. In addition, narrative materials were collected through biographical interviews and qualitatively analyzed.FindingsAlthough most subjects obtained a stable job, some critical aspects emerged: at times employment seemed to be the result of a “negative compromise”; several constraints emerged in managing further personal investment in school and learning.Research limitations/implicationsResults support the usefulness of studying social inclusion by adopting a transitional perspective. The main limitations concern the focus on just a few variables that only partially explain the different outcomes.Practical implicationsFindings suggested the need for greater flexibility among school, vocational training, and the world of work in order to promote effective social and professional inclusion through the VET system.Originality/valueThe paper's results indicate that developing social inclusion of early school leavers inevitably demands a transformation in the widespread beliefs about the dichotomy between learning and work.

Community safety and recidivism in Australia: Breaking the cycle of reoffending to produce safer communities through vocational training

This article links community safety with recidivism and argues that reintegration of offenders is a community responsibility. The paper discusses the role of vocational training for incarcerated offenders as a tool to reduce recidivism. Training and subsequent employment for released offenders are factors that assist them to become contributing members of community who are less likely to reoffend. Research has shown that prisoner training and education can successfully address recidivism rates. Therefore, the cost of incarceration is reduced whilst the level of community safety is increased. However, Australian Vocational Education Training (VET) delivery in prisons requires improvement and a greater emphasis on holistic support from community groups is essential for successful reintegration.

The Role of Vocational Training in Pathways toward Desistance

This essay explores the relationship between vocational training and prisoner entry, a process that attempts to facilitate and support formerly incarcerated people's (FIP's) efforts to establish lives free from crime. I draw from a review of existing programs and an analysis of the relationship between work and crime to derive the conclusion that vocational training should take innovative steps in order to prepare FIP to compete effectively in the contemporary labor market. Training should address the barriers to long‐term employment that are particular to FIP. It should also enable these individuals to treat their work as a transformative moment in the path toward desistance. I close by evaluating the potential of two innovative models of vocational programs, both of which appear to satisfy the criteria established above.

The Role of Vocational Training in Graduate Education

New dental graduates are required to undertake vocational training (VT) in many European countries. Arrangements for this training vary and to some extent there are different perceptions of its purpose. In some countries without VT there are established practices for taking the new graduate into an independent working environment. In these countries would VT be a better (perhaps more expensive) system for the new dentist and for patients?The presentation touched on the different systems of VT and how they complement the knowledge and experience gained earlier at dental school. As the 5‐year undergraduate curriculum develops the content and delivery of VT should be reviewed.Vocational training provides a stepping‐stone from the supported environment of a dental school to the commercial realities of running a business with high patient expectation. On the completion of the undergraduate dental degree and VT a dentist should be expected to have progressed from theory through competence to proficiency. It is important to look at how this achievement is tested at the end of VT.Vocational training places a responsibility on trainers to ensure the trainees develop good clinical technique, communicate well with patients and colleagues, and generally become more assured in practising routine dentistry. Ideally VT should prepare the dentists for the rest of their careers, leading naturally to postgraduate education and a commitment to continuing professional development. VT should give new dentists the opportunity to make informed decisions on the future direction of their career.In certain parts of the UK there are programmes extending the 1 year of VT to a 2‐year structure, which includes periods of hospital and community dentistry. Proposals are now being made to formalise the 2 years into a system, which provides a postgraduate qualification. This may then lead to further pathways of training and qualification.

SINCAD: an Application of Educational Technology for Distance Technical Education at INACAP

Abstract INACAP is the Instituto Nacional de Capacitacion Profesional (National Institute for Vocational Training) of Chile and the name of one of its departments — SINCAD — stands for ‘Sistema Nacional de Capacitacion a Distancia’ (National System of Distance Training). SINCAD represents a rather long‐term effort at systems approach application, whose main characteristics this article tries to describe within the context of the role of vocational training in Latin America.