Role In Urinary Incontinence Research Articles

From the Core to the Floor—Utilizing a Webinar to Provide Pelvic Health Education

Background: Childbirth can increase the risk of urinary and fecal incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse; however, research indicates postpartum women have limited knowledge of these conditions. Objectives: (1) To determine whether a webinar can improve postpartum women's knowledge related to the structures, functions, muscles, and strengthening of the pelvic floor and (2) to explore changes in perception of postpartum women's understanding of the core/pelvic floor and their role in urinary incontinence (UI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods: Women who had given birth within the last year and were older than 19 years were recruited via social media. Women completed a demographic survey, Prolapse and Incontinence Knowledge Questionnaire (PIKQ), and a telephonic interview before and after viewing a 1-time online webinar produced by a Women's Health Physical Therapy (DPT) Resident. Survey data were analyzed via independent t tests. Qualitative data were analyzed via a latent content recurrent cross-sectional analysis. Results: A total of 16 women participated in this study. There were significant improvements in pre- versus postwebinar. Specific to qualitative findings, the main knowledge changes seen from pre- to postwebinar interviews included greater awareness of specific exercises with proper progression and sequencing, improved descriptions of UI and POP, and improved cuing of a Kegel. Conclusion: A pelvic health education webinar can result in improvements in pelvic health knowledge. More research is needed to determine whether this increase in knowledge translates to a greater likelihood to engage in pelvic floor strengthening exercises and ultimately whether it reduces pelvic floor dysfunction.

Gaps in nursing care for people with urinary incontinence

Objective: To survey in the literature the role of the nurse in the care of people with urinary incontinence (UI). Methods: Integrative literature review from the publications within the period of 2013 in the databases: BDENF, LILACS, Web of Science, PubMed and SciELO, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages. The sample consisted of 11 publications, most of them in English. Results: The data were categorized into three dimensions of care: educational (three articles), care (eight articles) and management (an article, which was also categorized as care). Educational: although nurses presented superficial and incomplete knowledge about incontinence, playful strategies were used for teaching. Assistance: the use of superabsorbent diapers and pads, 3% dimethicone impregnated wipes, spray for the formation of polymer film for incontinence-associated dermatitis, pelvic musculature, urethral massage, bladder training, and eating habits modification were recommended. Gerencial: the quality of nursing care for the elderly with UI was evaluated through protocols, standards and Standard Operational Procedures (SOPs). Conclusion: There is a shortage of studies on the subject and it was evidenced that the nurse assumes an assistance role in urinary incontinence, although its knowledge is incipient.

Urinary incontinence

This study aims to explore the effects of menopause and hormone therapy on the symptoms and signs of stress urinary incontinence and urge urinary incontinence. Records of women who attended a tertiary urogynecological unit were reviewed retrospectively. A standardized interview included evaluations of symptoms, menopause age (ie, time since last menstrual period or onset of menopausal symptoms), current or previous hormone use, and visual analogue scales for bother. Multichannel urodynamics, including urethral pressure profilometry and determination of abdominal leak point pressure, was performed. Of 382 women seen during the inclusion period, 62% were postmenopausal. Current systemic or local hormone use was reported by 7% and 6%, respectively. Two hundred eighty-eight women (76%) reported symptoms of stress urinary incontinence, with a mean bother of 5.7, and 273 women (72%) reported symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, with a mean bother of 6.4. On univariate analysis, symptoms and bother of urge incontinence were significantly related to menopause age, whereas this relationship was not found for stress incontinence. After calendar age was controlled for, length of menopause showed no significant relationship with any symptom or sign of urinary incontinence. Hormone deficiency after menopause is unlikely to play a major role in urinary incontinence.

Evaluation of the ratio of collagen type III to collagen type I in periurethral tissues of sexually intact and neutered female dogs

To determine the ratio of collagen type III to collagen type I in the periurethral tissues of sexually intact and neutered female dogs. 8 neutered and 34 sexually intact female dogs. Tissues were obtained from female dogs euthanized for non-urinary tract-related reasons. Indirect immunofluorescent antibody detection of type I and collagen type III was performed by use of confocal microscopy on 2 periurethral samples from each dog, and the ratios of collagen type III to type I area fraction and total area were determined. No significant differences were detected in the collagen ratios of periurethral tissues between sexually intact and neutered female dogs. In contrast to differences in periurethral collagen content found between pre- and postmenopausal women, such differences may not occur in dogs. This implies that changes in pelvic organ support structures may not play an important role in urinary incontinence in neutered female dogs. Further evaluation is needed to determine the role of age on collagen and pelvic organ support structures in the pathogenesis of canine urinary incontinence.

Non-Oral Poster 119: Do Chronic Conditions and Psychological Health Play a Role in Urinary Incontinence?

Non-Oral Poster 119: Do Chronic Conditions and Psychological Health Play a Role in Urinary Incontinence?

INTERPRETING THE EFFECT OF COMMON MEDICAL CONDITIONS ON VOIDING DYSFUNCTION IN THE ELDERLY

Medical conditions often have an important causal role in urinary incontinence in the elderly. Aside from causing functional impairments, such diseases directly may involve the genitourinary system--particularly its neurologic control--resulting in specific lower urinary tract pathophysiology. Knowledge of the specific effects that medical conditions may have on the genitourinary system and continence can assist the urologic specialist in determining the often complex cause(s) of UI in older persons.