Abstract
Objective: To survey in the literature the role of the nurse in the care of people with urinary incontinence (UI). Methods: Integrative literature review from the publications within the period of 2013 in the databases: BDENF, LILACS, Web of Science, PubMed and SciELO, in the Portuguese, English and Spanish languages. The sample consisted of 11 publications, most of them in English. Results: The data were categorized into three dimensions of care: educational (three articles), care (eight articles) and management (an article, which was also categorized as care). Educational: although nurses presented superficial and incomplete knowledge about incontinence, playful strategies were used for teaching. Assistance: the use of superabsorbent diapers and pads, 3% dimethicone impregnated wipes, spray for the formation of polymer film for incontinence-associated dermatitis, pelvic musculature, urethral massage, bladder training, and eating habits modification were recommended. Gerencial: the quality of nursing care for the elderly with UI was evaluated through protocols, standards and Standard Operational Procedures (SOPs). Conclusion: There is a shortage of studies on the subject and it was evidenced that the nurse assumes an assistance role in urinary incontinence, although its knowledge is incipient.
Highlights
The results showed that 85% of people with Urinary incontinence (UI) used disposable cushions and another 51% adopted behavioral habits to reduce their urinary losses
The prevalence of all types of incontinence was still high, which necessitates the need for improvements in the care of incontinence in Austrian asylum, as an update course on the subject[18]. This should be understood as a practice aiming at improving the living and health conditions through guidance to individuals and families[19]
People need to gain autonomy to identify and use the ways and means to preserve and improve their lives. This process must involve the negotiation between the perspective of health professionals adjusted to the needs and priorities defined by the patient self[20]. Transposing this concept to care for people with UI, it is fundamental to consult the nursing to know the needs, in order to propose educational actions that can prevent, treat and improve their complaints, so that there are behavioral changes towards the improvement of the quality of life
Summary
The UI is an important public health problem, due to its high incidence rates and the negative impacts that can cause in the life of a person, compromising their quality of life, social interaction, daily life activities, and sexual life[2]. It is important to consider that the prevalence and incidence rates of people with UI will be different, depending on the geographical and social context and the population characteristics, such as age, sex, physical and mental conditions. With regard to the causality of UI, it is evident that it may be associated with innumerable factors, such as advanced age; obstetric history and parity; gynecological surgeries; menopause; systemic arterial hypertension; therapy with diuretics and other medications; diabetes mellitus; obesity; smoking; alcohol; ingestion of caffeinated liquids; sedentary lifestyle; prostate hyperplasia; and sedentary lifestyle. The nurses’ work develops from the reception, the establishment of the bond, proposing actions that minimize the damages, performing actions of promotion and prevention of aggravations and elaboration of protocols
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