Role In Relation Research Articles

Triacontanol Reverses Abscisic Acid Effects on Stomatal Regulation in Solanum lycopersicum L. under Drought Stress Conditions

When applied under abiotic stress conditions, triacontanol (TRIA) is effective in regulating the physicochemical processes in plants through mechanisms of defence such as abscisic acid (ABA) signalling. However, TRIA’s role in relation to ABA and stomatal opening is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of TRIA and ABA and their combinations on different variables related to stomatal regulation in Solanum lycopersicum, which is subjected to drought stress, and on the leaf epidermis. The negative effects of stress and responses triggered by ABA were reversed in plants treated with TRIA. TRIA increased stomatal conductance and photosynthetic activity in the early hours, and it was determined that TRIA produced larger stomata than did the other treatments. Moreover, the chloroplasts of plants treated with TRIA were significantly smaller and more numerous than those of the control, which could improve CO2 diffusion efficiency and may be related to the regulation of stomatal opening and photosynthesis. Finally, the abaxial epidermis tests reaffirmed the inhibitory effects of TRIA on ABA on stomatal opening. These results confirm the important role of TRIA in regulating various processes in plants and processes triggered by ABA, such as those related to stomatal regulation.

THE NEW ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY AND TERRITORIAL DEVELOPMENT: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

This article investigates the intersection between economic theory and sociology through a qualitative methodology, aiming to deepen the interdisciplinary debate between economics and the New Economic Sociology (NES). The analysis focuses on the contributions of Granovetter, Fligstein, and DiMaggio, highlighting how NES concepts can enrich the understanding of territorial development, especially regarding the role of social relations in territories. Sociologists, in turn, demonstrate diligence and creativity in addressing cultural and political issues concerning collective representations and social coercion, fundamental concepts that define institutions. Based on a robust set of authors and bibliographic references, the article seeks to complement the debate on NES. The research reveals that NES offers valuable insights for analyzing territorial dynamics and reinforces the importance of a territorial approach in formulating development strategies. In the end, the article demonstrates that the themes discussed by NES confirm the need for a more integrated territorial perspective in constructing sustainable development projects.

Evaluation and prediction of water-energy-food nexus under land use changes in the Yellow River Basin, China

Scientific understanding of the changes in the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus is crucial for regional development. As the spatial foundation of human activities, land use plays a pivotal role in shaping WEF nexus relations. However, little research has fully explored the impacts of land use changes within the WEF nexus from the human activities perspective. In this study, a novel theoretical framework was developed according to the logic flow “human activities-land use–WEF nexus”. Based on the LUI, the WEF score, and the ICCD between land use changes and WEF, the WEF score of various scenarios was forecasted using the ARIMA model. The findings revealed the various land use structures and LUI among nine provinces, with more intensive land use in lower reaches. During two decades, a discernible increase in both WEF system scores and ICCD was found in YRB. The WEF scores of all provinces had surpassed the threshold of 0.3 for two decades, and Inner Mongolia grew the fastest from 0.223 to 0.524. The ICCD of nine provinces evolved with fluctuations, from an imminent unbalanced or near coordination level in 2000 to primary coordination or moderate coordination level in 2020. The optimal land use scenarios varied across provinces, attributed to factors such as resource and environmental constraints (Qinghai and Sichuan), specialized agriculture or industry (Gansu, Ningxia, and Inner Mongolia), differentiated zonal characteristics (Shaanxi and Shanxi), and rapid industrialization and urbanization (Henan and Shandong). To attain sustainable development within the YRB, it is imperative to formulate differentiated land use strategies in each province, and universal strategies should also be established for each land use type.

Emotional Intelligence with Self Esteem in Adolescents Who Have Experienced Child Abuse In Sorong City

Adolescence is often considered a transition period marked by significant changes. It is seen as a period of transition, a challenging age, and a time of searching for identity. At the same time, adolescence is also considered the threshold of adulthood because it involves uncertainty and lack of control. Family dynamics also tend to change during the adolescent phase, including increased conflict between teenagers and parents, changes in roles and responsibilities, and changes in expectations placed on teenagers. A mismatch between parental expectations and adolescent behavior can increase the risk of conflict, which in turn can lead to incidents of child abuse. This research aims to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and self-esteem in adolescents who have experienced child abuse in Sorong City. The method used is quantitative research with a correlational design. A total of 64 teenagers aged 12-21 years and residing in Malagusa sub-district, Sorong City were participants in this research who were taken using a saturated sampling technique. Research measurements used the Wong & Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLES) and The Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (RSES). The research data analysis method uses Pearson Correlation. The research results show that there is a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and self-esteem of 0.949 with a significance of 0.000 (p<0.01). This shows that emotional intelligence plays a major and important role in relation to the level of self-esteem of teenagers who have experienced child abuse in Sorong City.

Computationel Literacy in Schools

This conceptual article is situated in the cross-section between computer science and didactics. The article contributes to the research field by taking on questions regarding the role of materialities in relation to learning computational literacy in school. Computational literacy is here defined as patterned deployment of skills and dispositions that are applied in a technology-mediated and situated context with the aim of achieving a valued goal. The article sets out with a brief outline of the emergence of computational literacy as a concept. Then moving on through a more in-depth presentation of the concept in which three intertwined aspects, the cognitive, the social, and the material, unfold. The article concludes with two examples of computational literacy in a school, and how materiality here plays an important role in relation to the subject-content and pedagogical approach.

Abstract B040: B cells facilitate lymph node colonization in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) carries a low survival rate. Several factors contribute to its dismal prognosis, including resistance to available therapies and high invasiveness. Lymph nodes act as an early systemic source of circulating malignant cells, allowing their dissemination to other organs early in disease progression. Lymphatic colonization is linked to worse prognosis, and a better understanding of mechanisms regulating lymph node metastasis is clinically needed. To study each step in the metastatic cascade to the lymph nodes, we have developed a mouse co-clinical model of resectable pancreatic cancer. This model mimics the frequency of human PDAC metastatic recurrence, on a similar time scale relative to the lifespans of mice and humans and allows us to investigate very early events in the metastatic cascade. In contrast to the established anti-tumor role of T cells, the role of B cells in cancer immunology is more complex. B cells are a predominant immune population in lymph nodes, but their role in relation to lymph node colonization has never been fully addressed. Using our model of PDAC spontaneous metastasis and a mouse model of B cell depletion, we showed that lymph node metastasis does not form in the absence of B cells. We demonstrated that B cells, but not secreted antibodies, are required for successful lymph node colonization. We also gained evidence that B cells are orchestrating a complex interplay between disseminated cancer cells and other immune cells in the draining lymph node. Particularly, T cells seem to be involved in preventing cancer cell from growing into macro-metastasis only in the absence of B cells. We are now investigating the mechanisms employed by B cells to facilitate this cellular network to facilitate lymph node colonization in PDAC. The ultimate outcome of our work will be the design of effective immune strategies to prevent and treat lymph node dissemination of such a deadly disease. Citation Format: Alice Bertocchi, Megan T Hoffman, Li Qiang, Massiel Morell, Lauren L Hsu, Michael L Dougan, Judith Agudo, Stephanie K Dougan. B cells facilitate lymph node colonization in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Advances in Pancreatic Cancer Research; 2024 Sep 15-18; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(17 Suppl_2):Abstract nr B040.

Moderating role of peer relations and executive functioning on the relationship between self-efficacy, empathy & social skills

Moderating role of peer relations and executive functioning on the relationship between self-efficacy, empathy & social skills

Explanatory Games in International Relations

Abstract Explanation plays a central role in international relations (IR). However, as different conceptions of explanation inform our conduct of practices in IR inquiry, such centrality is far from being a settled matter in the discipline. These conceptions tend to be subsumed under broad dichotomies—such as explanation vs. understanding, constitutive vs. causal explanation, and positivism vs. interpretivism—which, in turn, generate a sense of a perennially divided discipline, obfuscating in this process the explanatory pluralism that characterises IR research. In this paper, I argue that different approaches to explanation coexist in IR, with different explanatory games being played by scholars in various fields of international inquiry. Explanatory games are characterised by constitutive rules, rules of representation, rules of inference, and rules of scope, all of which provide the basis for tailoring explanations. Scholars play the game that works best for their explanatory puzzles, following a specific set of rules that validate their form of explanation and thus achieve their research goals. Ultimately, explanation in the discipline is inherently plural. Examining this explanatory pluralism, therefore, requires investigating the rules of our explanatory games.

Deprivation of citizenship and creation of statelessness: case study of Belarus

This research paper explores the use of citizenship deprivation and trials in absentia as tools of political repression, with a particular focus on Belarus. In Belarus, an amendment to the citizenship law was passed on July 11, 2023 allowing the Belarusian president to revoke Belarusian citizenship of those abroad, even if it would render them stateless. This new amendment would also allow for trials to be conducted in absentia, with a possible sentence being citizenship deprivation. The paper also delves into the bureaucratic tactics used by the Belarusian government to exacerbate statelessness. These include the closure of consulates abroad and the requirement for citizens to be physically present in Belarus to renew their passports, making it nearly impossible for those in exile to maintain their citizenship. This leaves those in exile with minimal, if any, legal protections and access to basic rights. Additionally, the research looks at the role of international relations in exacerbating the arbitrary use of these practices, particularly in the context of the war in Ukraine. This conflict has intensified political repression in Belarus and prompted neighbouring countries, such as Lithuania and Poland, to introduce humanitarian visas to protect Belarusians who fled the country. By analyzing these developments, the paper highlights the devastating effects of the powers of citizenship deprivation, including the creation of stateless individuals through both legal and administrative means, and emphasizes the need for a coordinated international response to safeguard citizenship rights in these instances.

The Role of Public Relations in Managing and Delivering Information to the Public

This research aims to find out how the role of public relations in managing and conveying information to the people of Pinrang Regency is described. This research is qualitative, therefore to achieve the research objectives, data collection techniques are used, namely observation, interview and documentation techniques. There were 3 informants, namely the Head of the Public Communication Media Management Section, the Head of the Public Communication Media Management Section and the Staff of the Public Communication Media Management Section.The results of the study show that the role of public relations as a communication expert is tasked with conveying information to the public while receiving various directions and inputs from the Community Information Group (KIM). Public Relations as a problem solving process facilitator as a routine problem-solving facility carries out intense coordination with each KIM in each sub-district. Public Relations as a Communication Facilitator is tasked with establishing cooperative relationships with social media practitioners, actively and participatorically interacting with the community and providing understanding to the community and lastly, public relations as a Technician Facilitator is tasked with analyzing activities carried out by the community, including those that have a positive impact on the community itself, reporting on activities carried out by the community. This study proves that the implementation of the role of Public Relations in managing and conveying information to the community is going well so that the people of Pinrang Regency can get the information they need properly and appropriately.

Muhammadiyah Goes International? Challenges and Opportunities

The idea of Muhammadiyah internationalization emerged as a response to the phenomenon of globalization, where Muhammadiyah tried to ensure that its da'wah movement was in line with the conditions of the times. This approach also includes global social issues such as the fate of workers, gender inequality, nuclear issues, and the environment. Muhammadiyah has a high commitment to the values of Pancasila and tries to contribute to achieving Indonesia's national ideals as stated in the Preamble to the 1945 Constitution. In the international context, Muhammadiyah not only plays a role as an Islamic movement but also as a socio-Islamic movement that tries to respond to various global issues. This article discusses how Muhammadiyah tries to develop the concept of peaceful Islamic da'wah amidst the complexity of the international world. Furthermore, it explains how Muhammadiyah's role in international relations involves active participation in conflict resolution, peacebuilding, and humanitarian activities in various countries. Muhammadiyah's internationalization strategy is explained through programs such as sending its best cadres abroad, establishing schools and charitable efforts in various countries, and participating in international forums. The author also discusses the concept of Muhammadiyah internationalization in three dimensions, namely ideas, roles, and movements. The idea of internationalization involves global socialization of the character of the Muhammadiyah movement and teachings. The role of internationalization includes increasing the role of Muhammadiyah in international forums, such as humanitarian missions, peace, and social activities. Meanwhile, the internationalization of the movement aims to make Muhammadiyah a model of Islamic practice that can be adopted globally. Furthermore, this article describes how Muhammadiyah, as an Islamic movement in Indonesia, is actively involved in the dynamics of the international world to encourage the transformation of the role of religions in overcoming global problems. Through internationalization, Muhammadiyah seeks to be part of a global movement that brings enlightenment, promotes Islam as a religion of peace, and contributes to the development of world civilization.

Analisis Responsibilitas Sub Humas Protokol dalam Publikasi Kegiatan DRRD Provinsi Jawa Timur

This research is motivated by the work responsibilities of employees at the East Java DPRD Secretariat in the Sub Public Relations Protocol section which is seen from how government administrators exercise their authority. Responsibility is a crucial foundation for government performance and legitimacy. The DPRD Secretariat is a government institution that supports all activities of the East Java DPRD. The Protocol Sub Public Relations role is to facilitate and publicize the activities of the East Java Province DPRD. The aim of this research is to find out how responsive the Sub-Public Relations Protocol is in carrying out its duties and obligations, realizing quality and responsible performance so that it can achieve the desired goals and support the DPRD's duties optimally. This research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. This research uses the Responsibility Parameter theory according to Jabra and Dwivedi, namely understanding responsibility, granting authority in accordance with responsibility, performance evaluation, accurate, fair, timely actions, and commitment from the leader. The results of this research found that the responsibility and responsibility of the Protocol Sub Public Relations section was very good. This can be seen from the results of the work achievements in that section, which has carried out its main duties and tasks well.

The Role of Object Relations in the Physician-Patient Relationship in a Primary Care Setting.

A good physician-patient relationship is essential for the delivery of quality health care and is associated with better health outcomes. This study explored the association between patients' object relations and the physician-patient relationship. Primary care patients (n = 72) and physicians (n = 21) participated in the study. Patients' early memories were obtained prior to their medical visit and were coded with the Social Cognition and Object Relations-Global Method (SCORS-G). Patients and physicians independently rated the quality of the physician-patient encounter. Results indicated that object relations (SCORS-G Cognitive-structural and Self factors) incrementally predicted physician-patient relationship ratings, as rated by the patient, above and beyond psychological distress, somatization, and level of physician training. Patient education, psychological distress, and level of physician training predicted physician ratings of the medical encounter. The authors discuss the discrepancy between physician and patient ratings as they relate to patients' object relations.

The OSCE Parliamentary Assembly and peaceful conflict resolution: international legal and political analysis

The study was focused on examining the legal status of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly and determining its role in international relations within the OSCE region. The fact that this body is not part of the OSCE’s intergovernmental system, but is an independent international entity actively involved in international affairs, gives this research a specific scientific nuance and significance. There are few scientific studies in the international doctrine dedicated to this topic, especially with an emphasis on its international legal issues. One of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly’s priority areas is promoting peaceful conflict resolution through parliamentary diplomacy. However, parliamentary diplomacy, unlike traditional diplomacy, possesses unique characteristics and comparatively fewer opportunities for resolving serious international problems. Nevertheless, by enhancing the connectivity of the OSCE PA with the OSCE’s intergovernmental bodies through the efforts of parliamentarians in this direction, in our opinion, it will be possible to significantly increase the OSCE PA’s role in peaceful conflict resolution. The fact that parliamentarians are members of the legislative body and consequently participate in discussions and enactment of laws predetermines their role as qualified individuals who potentially can play a more significant role in the development of international law compared to professional diplomats. Thus, the goal of this study is to explore the potential of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly in peacefully resolving conflicts from the perspective of international law and international politics, and to identify negative factors that hinder the more productive activity of this parliamentary body. According to the research findings, the activities of parliamentarians within the OSCE PA can bring considerable benefits not only for the peaceful resolution of specific conflicts but also for the entire OSCE dispute settlement system through the development of carefully considered projects of international legal documents in this area.

Retaining Students: Give Them Some Love

Ensuring students remain and develop into midwives is vital for the future of the profession. This entails treating them well. Unfortunately, this is not always the case. The article invites you to reflect on the midwife’s role and behaviours in relation to retention of students, presenting student midwives’ experiences from an informal survey carried out via social media.

Making “strategic autonomy” rhyme with “fiscal austerity?” Unresolved conflicts of (geo)economic ideas in EU infrastructure policy

As a reaction to intensifying global competition, measures related to strategic autonomy are gaining traction on the EU level. Yet they coincide with a general return to fiscal consolidation. With current developments more inconclusive than previously suggested, this article asks how the central actors in EU economic policy, both public and private, position themselves in the autonomy-austerity conflict. It introduces a political-economic approach to the role of (geo)economic ideas and state-business relations in EU policy formation. The article focuses on infrastructure policy as a main field within which the conflict unfolds. A content analysis of official documents systematically maps the positions of relevant actors. While an influential group of southern finance ministries, Directorates-General, center-left parties, and trade unions is promoting strategic autonomy, a shrinking constellation around fiscal austerity contains relevant veto players. The deadlock results in the attempt to reconcile both ideas via “targeted flexibility”: consolidation via the expenditure side and a delegitimization of non-investment spending, coupled with a public de-risking of private investments. The approach is supported by European capital, yet highly inconsistent and runs up against pro-austerity forces. The findings have strong implications for the EU’s future geoeconomic strategy and its ability to compete globally.

BRAF-induced EHF expression affects TERT in aggressive papillary thyroid cancer.

BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have a synergistic effect on prognosis. This effect is believed to arise from MAPK activation triggered by BRAFV600E, leading to the upregulation of ETS transcription factors that bind to the mutant TERT promoter. To explore the role of ETS factors in relation to clinical features, BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutations in PTC. Transcriptomic data for 28 ETS factors were analyzed in the PTC cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n=399) and subsequently validated in a local cohort (n=93). In vitro experiments were performed to investigate the regulatory role in relation to BRAFV600E and TERT expression. TCGA identified ETS1, ERG, FLI1, GABPA, EHF, ETV6 and SPDEF as differentially expressed genes between stages I+II and III+IV. In both cohorts, EHF was consistently associated with adverse clinical features, BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutation/expression. Notably, in BRAFV600E mutated PTC, high EHF expression was associated with shorter disease-free survival. Cases harboring concurrent BRAFV600E, TERT promoter mutations and high EHF expression exhibited the shortest disease-free survival. In cells harboring concurrent BRAFV600E and TERT promoter mutation, over-expression of EHF significantly increased TERT expression while knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of BRAF significantly decreased both EHF and TERT expression. In addition, ChIP-qPCR analysis suggested a potential binding of EHF in TERT promoter mutant cells but not in TERT promoter wild-type cells. The ETS transcription factor EHF is associated with poor prognosis in PTC. This is potentially mediated by BRAF-induced upregulation of EHF which in turn increases TERT expression in TERT promoter mutated cells.

Peer Support Work in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence: A Scoping Review.

Peer support models of service provision have become increasingly prevalent in recent decades across multiple health and human services fields. In this scoping review, we examine peer support work within the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) service provision, including an examination of how this approach is conceptualized, the mechanisms underlying it, the impact of professionalism, and the benefits and challenges experienced by IPV peer support workers (PSWs). Three social science databases were searched with keywords related to IPV and peer support work, with additional articles and materials identified via targeted Google searches. The final sample of materials meeting criteria for the study (i.e., focusing on trained peer workers and their experiences serving IPV survivor clients) includes 10 papers and reports published from 1983 to 2022. We find that peer support work is conceptualized as a holistic alternative to traditional forms of IPV service provision, and that PSWs are viewed as occupying a unique role in relation to clients that enhances their ability to provide comprehensive care. However, we also identify several challenges resulting from the increasing professionalization of the IPV field, including a lack of role clarity for PSWs, a need to balance structure and flexibility in peer work service settings, and skepticism toward PSWs from credentialed professionals. Lastly, we find that although PSWs experience advantages from providing services, including enhanced personal growth and healing, they also navigate challenges related to maintaining their own emotional well-being and would benefit from additional training and institutional support.

Analisis Framing Pemberitaan Pemberantasan Narkoba dan Rencana Strategi Humas Badan Narkotika Nasional

This study discusses the role of public relations in planning communication strategies to handle news related to drug trafficking. Based on framing analysis from Antara and Detik.com media, it was found that these two media outlets highlighted drug trafficking as a serious threat, with news that focused on law enforcement actions and their social impact. Related to public relations strategy planning, the Ronald D. Smith model is used which includes four phases: formative research, strategy formulation, tactical implementation, and evaluation. The core of this study emphasizes the importance of structured and adaptive public relations strategic planning in dealing with drug trafficking issues, therefore it is necessary to increase cooperation with the media, adequate resource allocation, and the use of technology to reach a wider audience. Thus, it is hoped that drug eradication efforts can run more effectively and efficiently and get full support

Ritual tooth ablation in ancient Taiwan and the Austronesian expansion

The earliest farming communities in Taiwan practiced a distinctive bio-cultural marker of identity, in the form of deliberate anterior teeth extraction. This distinguishing body transformation can be traced back to 4800 years BP in Taiwan and associated with the first Austronesian communities, and it has endured among contemporary Austronesian speakers in Taiwan and extending across the Asia-Pacific region. Through a comprehensive exploration of archaeological and ethnographic evidence, our study highlights how this practice developed in Taiwan over nearly five millennia and furthermore establishes its role in relation to issues of group identity. The results can expand our understanding of cultural practice, identity-forming processes, and migration routes of ancient Austronesian populations across the Asia-Pacific region.