Role Of Physical Education Research Articles

PE as resonance? The role of physical education in an accelerated education system

ABSTRACT This paper explores how students understand physical education (PE) as a subject in the Danish upper secondary school (USS) and discusses the role of the subject after the Danish USS reform of 2017. The paper presents a 6 months’ field study of PE lessons in 2 Danish upper secondary schools. Both schools were located in the Danish capital area. A total of 42 Lessons in 4 PE-classes [N = 240] were observed throughout the 6 months and 8 focus group interviews were conducted with students [N = 54] at the end of the field study. We are inspired by the theoretical contribution of Hartmut Rosa to analyse how students understand physical education (PE) and critically discuss and reflect upon the how this understanding relates to the structure of PE as a USS subject in the light of the political development in the Danish upper secondary schools for the past decades. The study has shown that most students value the subject because it represents a place of resonance during an otherwise accelerated everyday life. At the same time, the USS reform of 2017 gives PE a smaller role in the overall curriculum. However, PE is now, for the first time, an exam subject after the third year of USS. Therefore, the article contributes to a debate regarding the consequences the increased focus on achievement may have on the subject as a place of resonance.

Physical Education as a Foundation for Grassroots Sport in Primary School in Zimbabwe

The importance of physical education in primary schools has been realised worldwide. It is through the teaching of Physical Education (PE) in primary schools that children have been exposed to play and sporting activities at grassroots level. Notably, the delivery of PE varies from one school to the other. Issues of availability of equipment and facilities, resource and assessment procedures influence the teaching of PE. The research set to develop an appreciation on the role and contribution of teaching PE as a foundation for skills development at primary school level amongst stakeholders, universities and colleges. A quantitative approach was used to gather information from participants that comprised teachers of primary schools on the role of PE. Stratified random sampling technique was used and participants were voluntarily selected while confidentiality of the collected data was ensured. Six females and five males of age 31 and above participated in the study. Findings from the questionnaire which targeted teachers point at resources and availability of expertise in schools. 90% of participants point at resources and availability of equipment in schools as a major drawback. On the other hand, 85% of respondents indicate challenges of competent teachers with expertise. Moreover, 100% of respondents allude to PE as a subject that is likely to develop the child holistically. Recommendations put forward were that of government availing both human and financial resources to schools so that PE programmes are implemented effectively. Furthermore, schools should explore ways in which teachers are empowered with innovative skills that will improve delivery strategies and community involvement thereby developing sport at grassroots level. There is a likelihood of having a sport-oriented nation if foundational skills are strongly cultivated.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ САМОКОНТРОЛЯ НА ЗАНЯТИЯХ ПО ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ

The article discusses the concept of self-control and its role in physical education for students. The authors indicate that without the ability to competently monitor their well-being and physical condition, it will be quite difficult for a student to develop their physical qualities, even if they study under the strict guidance of a teacher. In this article, the authors suggest that the purpose of self-control in physical education is for the student to learn to independently analyze his state of health, gain the ability to determine at what moments he is able to continue the lesson, and at what moments he should finish, since without ability to overcome oneself becomes impossible to achieve a good result. The authors also identify a number of tasks of self-control. One of the effective options for controlling one's condition is a self-control diary, the approximate content of which the authors offer in this article. In this article, the authors consider options for worsening the state of the body, as well as various pain sensations, in which students are advised to reduce physical activity or even refrain from physical education for a while. The article concludes that the formation of self-control among students is an effective means not only for the development of physical qualities, but also for the prevention of various kinds of injuries and the prevention of diseases, as well as the education of such moral qualities as discipline and responsibility.

Modern Types of Body Relaxation Methods after Intense Physical Exertion

The article presents varieties and variants of relaxation techniques advisable to use after intense physical exertion. The concept of "relaxation" and understanding of its role in physical education to maintain health and harmonious development of youth are considered. Considering the fact that one of the main trends in sports remains the increase in the intensity of training and the need to improve the results of competitions, the problem of restoring the athlete's performance capacity after physical exertion is extremely relevant today. Understanding the causes of fatigue and the physiological mechanisms of recovery, control over the relevant processes, the rational use of modern methods of body relaxation and means of recovery are important for assessing the impact of physical stress on the body, the effectiveness of training programs, identifying overtraining, determining the optimal rest time after physical exercises, and therefore, are necessary to improve the athlete's training and achieving high results.

Creating a health-preserving social environment at the university by means of the functioning of Physical Education and Sports Department

The paper substantiates the importance of the problem of determining educational tools aimed at the health protection of student youth, and proves that the role of one of these tools is the health-saving environment of the university. The views of scientists on the concept of health-saving environment are given, attention is focused on its social aspect and the need to create a health-saving social environment at the university is indicated. It is substantiated that approaches to building a health-saving social environment of the university are personality-oriented ones. They are considered to be activity approaches: personality-oriented approach contributes to the formation of a conscious attitude towards health as a value among students; activity approach ensures the development of students skills and abilities to implement a healthy lifestyle. The role of Physical Education and Sports Department in creating a health-saving social environment of the university is revealed. The model of functioning of Physical Education and Sports Department is presented; it determines the main directions of activity of the staff of the department, in order to create and improve the health-saving social environment of the university. The content of the four leading activities of Physical Education and Sports Department, focused on creating a health-saving social environment of the university, is revealed: 1) educational and methodological work; 2) research work; 3) sports work; 4) health-improving and educational work.

Classroom Behavior Analysis and Evaluation in Physical Education by Using Structure Representation

Behavior analysis plays a critical role in physical education. This paper resorts to computer vision technology to establish a classroom behavior analysis system for physical education. First, the behavior video is collected by a Kinect camera. Then, the behavior is recognized based on the symbiotic relationship and geometric constraints between human posture and interactive objects. The human skeleton is used to describe the behavior subject and the local area boundary boxes are divided with each node in the skeleton as the center. The human posture features are used to learn a structural classification model to recognize human behavior sequence. Finally, the behavior recognition results are used to analyze physical education. The experimental results show that the proposed behavior analysis framework can accurately recognize human behavior during physical education classes.

Tracking Student Outcomes Through Instructional Choices in Physical Education

This study used self-determination theory to provide a better understanding of learner motivation in a physical education program. Students participated in a sports unit with choice in activities, equipment, partners, and competition as opposed to a traditional teacher-led activity unit. The objective was to determine differences in motivation and perceptions of physical education in grade school children. An alternating treatment design was used in which students experienced both a teacher-led unit and a student choice–driven sports unit. Fifty fifth-grade students from a suburban school in the Western United States participated in this study. Students were assessed through a number of parameters: physical activity enjoyment, situational motivation, fourth- and fifth-grade student attitudes toward physical education, pedometer readings, and interviews. This study used t tests and repeated-measures analyses of variance to explore differences based on condition (i.e., choices and/or teacher led) and gender, as well as common comparisons (i.e., trustworthiness measures) for the interview data. Students displayed significantly higher enjoyment ratings when they had the choice condition second (from the alternating treatment design), immediately before posttests, and boys rated enjoyment of physical education significantly higher than did girls. In another measure, the group with choices of the hockey unit was predominantly more active in the sport than those participating in the teacher-led activity. The interview themes elicited the following responses: (a) students expressed a desire for instructional choices, but not in team selections; (b) students loved sports, but they also wanted more fitness; and (c) students identified and valued instructional choices. The findings suggest that competence plays a critical role in physical education, and when students can choose the level of competition and play in small group games, they feel more competent, play more, and have higher enjoyment ratings within the physical education program.

The Role of Physical Education in Promoting the Mental Health and Well-Being of Adolescents: The Perception of Maltese Physical Education Teachers and Sports Lecturers

Statistics published by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2020 state that an estimated one out of every seven adolescents worldwide suffers from a mental health condition. In an era which places mental health and well-being (MHWB) on top of international agendas and policies, it is important to now focus on how to implement preventive measures. Schools can be an effective setting but unfortunately interventions in schools still only target diagnosed cases. Physical activity (PA) has been proven as an effective tool in addressing MHWB and it is mostly during physical education (PE) lessons that adolescents in schools get exposed to PA. However there is a lack of programmes and innovations that target the MHWB of students through PE. This study aims at addressing this gap by initially identifying the perception of local PE teachers and sports lecturers about the role of PE in promoting MHWB. A constructive grounded theory approach was adopted for this study in which four PE teachers and sports lecturers co-constructed knowledge with the researcher. A conceptual model emerged from an initial analytical framework that analysed the PE scenario, the pedagogical practices implemented to address the current diverse scenario, and the resulting consequences and outcomes in relation to MHWB. The model revolves around the casual atmosphere which characterises the PE lesson and which leads to the development of a relationship of trust between the students and the teacher. If the practices implemented address the students specific needs and preferences as well as equip them with life, carry-over skills, then PE can be a catalyst in addressing the MHWB of adolescents.

Physical Education Learning Management in Fostering Students' Kinesthetic Intelligence

Kinesthetic-based physical education learning has a great opportunity to develop multiple intelligences in students at school, Through physical education carried out in schools, it can be used as a tool to help students improve motor skills, health, fitness, character building, personality, discipline and inculcating the values ​​of honesty, cooperation and responsibility. Currently, the reality of teachers in the field does not understand the role of physical education in the educational process, most teachers argue that sport is only for maintaining health and has not yet reached the role of physical education in supporting the development of children's intelligence. The purpose of this study was to see how far the implementation of physical education in improving kinesthetic intelligence in Madrasah Ibtidayyah (MI) Al-Firdaus and MI Yanuri through a management approach. Specifically, this study describes the principles of management theory, including: (1) planning, (2) organizing, (3) implementing, and (4) evaluating physical education and its relationship with kinesthetic intelligence using management theory from GR Terry and Howard Gadner's theory of kinesthetic intelligence. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach and data collection by conducting observations, interviews, and documentation studies.

INTEGRATION OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS INTO THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE 1920-1930s

The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the historiographical significance of the period of the first Soviet decades as a time when social and cultural practices were largely formed, which maintain their continuity, despite significant political and social changes in society. The purpose of this research is to analyze the process of integration of physical culture and sport in the Soviet higher education system in the 1920s and 1930s. It was aimed at identifying the main features of this process, including the specifics of the government's policy towards students as a special social group, determining the influence of state ideology on the decisions of the government in physical education and sports, and the role of physical education in the education of young people. Special historical methods were used in the preparation of the research: chronological, retrospective, com-parative-historical, narrative, historical-genetic, and typological. In accordance with the general principles of the methodology of historical sources studies, a systematization and selection of sources was carried out for the reconstruction of various aspects of the topic. It was important to turn to the methods of the methodology of new social history, in particular, historical anthropology, which made it possible to analyze social practices and everyday life, to conduct a multifaceted analysis of the phenomenon of mass sports. Physical culture was an integral part of the process of acculturation of the population, actively carried out by the Bolshevik government, and was intended to serve such goals as the spread of a healthy lifestyle, the militarization of society, gender equality, and the fight against “bourgeois remnants”. Physical culture was to become a truly mass daily practice for Soviet students, which required the establishment of a comprehensive propaganda work. At the same time, its full development was hindered by the lack of centralized management and insufficient funding. The turning point was in 1929, when the Council of people's Commissars issued a decree on mandatory teaching of physical culture in all universities and higher education institutions of the country. However, its implementation met with a lot of difficulties: the lack of sports facilities, organizational confusion, and lack of necessary human and financial resources. A qualitative leap in the solution of this issue, both in organizational and economic terms, was in the second half of the 1930s.

The Role of Physical Education in Preventing Unhealthy Lifestyles in Immigrant Adolescents.

In recent years, migratory phenomena have changed the composition of Spanish society. There are many studies that explore the healthy habits of young adolescents, but few focus on young immigrants. The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationships between certain factors that influence the health of immigrant youth and sports. The sample consisted of 173 students enrolled in secondary education in the city of Cuenca. The structural model confirms the relationship between the latent variables and sports. Specifically, we obtained a positive influence of an active lifestyle (regular physical activity and exercise) and a negative influence for the remaining variables (alcohol consumption, unhealthy foods, self-medication and tobacco consumption in the family). Physical education should promote healthy lifestyles; greater coordination between physical education and other subjects involved in education and the promotion of health are necessary because we consider that this task is not exclusive to physical education.

Modern World Initiatives in Physical Education and Sports - Programs, Projects, Documents

The author highlights the main provisions of the constituent documents of these international organizations, highlighting the purpose and objectives of their activities, the main theses on children's rights in all countries. The researcher identified that the problems of public recognition of the role of physical education and sports, the level of staffing in educational institutions around the world, access to sports facilities, etc. were and remain relevant to the UN, said Ukrainian researchers (M. Dutchak) were held to address them - Round Table (9-10 January 2003, Paris), adoption of Resolution 58/5 "Sport as a means of promoting education, health, development and peace", organization of world scientific and practical conferences, etc. The purpose of the "World Survey on School Physical Education" for 2013, conducted by the Association of Physical Education of the North-West, UNESCO was to determine the real data on the distribution of physical education curricula and their content (goals and topics, activities, relevance of certain types of physical education). activity, quality); monitoring the quality of physical education in schools around the world; personnel and logistical support of the educational process; ways of partnership in the field, in particular the cooperation of educational institutions and organizations that implement sports outside of school, examples of the best practical solutions in the world of school physical education. An analysis of the data presented in the UNESCO report suggests a surge in public interest in the physical education of students - an increase in the number of public physical education programs in schools around the world compared to 2007, including almost three times in Asia and the Middle East. The article presents the results of a study of the level of access to physical education in different regions and countries, concluded that officially approved such access to school does not guarantee its quality implementation.

A systematic review exploring body image programmes and interventions in physical education

Body image has implications for child and adolescent well-being. Schools have been positioned as a suitable site to provide body image education and support the development of body image; however, little is known about the role of physical education in body image education. The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence on the content and effectiveness of physical education-based body image or body-focused programmes published between 2000 and 2021. Using seven databases (Web of Science, SCOPUS, EBSCO, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Science Direct, and SportDiscus), a total of 1185 non-duplicated articles were retrieved. The articles were selected using the following inclusion criteria: (a) intervention, programme or curriculum based in physical education that explores body image or related phenomena, (b) focused on children or young people, aged 18 years or younger, (c) conducted between 2000 and 2021, (d) quantitative and/or qualitative methods: and (e) published in English. Following the screening process, a total of 19 articles were included in this review. Results showed that most programmes reported successful outcomes, yet there was no consistent approach to the programme design and delivery. Physical activity and fitness-based programmes were the most frequently used intervention type, followed by critical sociocultural perspectives and programmes focused on movement experiences and body functionality. Whilst fitness-based programmes were generally effective in improving body image and related phenomena, future research should explore the mechanisms associated with these changes and further consider how sociocultural perspectives can be used to support body image programmes.

The Role of Physical Education and Sports in Modern Society Supported by IoT—A Student Perspective

The COVID-19 pandemic in recent years and the massive presence of information technology generate one of the biggest challenges facing humanity, namely the technological challenge. In this context, educational technologies have a positive impact on the correct and effective teaching and learning of physical education and sports (PES), with a great positive impact on future sustainable higher education (HE). Thus, various innovative techniques could be of interest, such as the use of social networks and fitness sites, e-learning platforms, computer games, and telephone applications involving video analysis and age-specific images of students and the skills taught. This study aims to establish the main means used by technology, through which it can improve the teaching, learning, and practice of PES. This paper demonstrates the positive effects of technology on the PES field in modern society through a regression model, applied to data collected from 260 students from 2 Romanian PES Universities. The pedagogical and educational elements of our model also highlight the role of technology as a facilitator of knowledge, functioning as a tool that comes to the aid of specialists in the PES field.

On the Front Line: The Role of Physical Educators in Preventing Student Suicide

This article provides general information and guidance for physical educators, specifically related to their role in suicide prevention. It is the duty of school personnel to recognize the vital role they have in helping to prevent suicide, to promote healthy behaviors and positive relationships, and to appropriately talk about suicide and suicide attempts. Physical educators, therefore, should have knowledge of the risk factors, understand the underlying concepts of suicidal behaviors, be aware of their responsibility to help educate others, and provide meaningful teacher- and student-based modeling and mentoring opportunities in physical education programs.

The creative legacy of Ibn Sina (Avicenna) and his scientific and pedagogical ideas

Introduction. The study of Avicenna’s pedagogical heritage is relevant since it allows to form a scientific notation of the progressive experience level of teaching and upbringing in the conditions of the early Middle Ages, during the culture explosion in the East. The purpose of this particular article is to consider Avicenna’s creative heritage and to give an overview of his scientific and pedagogical ideas. Methods and materials. Avicenna’s works reflecting his pedagogical ideas, as well as the works of modern teachers, historians and philosophers were used while working with this article. Research methods: analysis, synthesis and historical and pedagogical interpretation of the data contained in the sources; systematization and generalization of materials obtained as a result of the study of open Internet sources and modern scientific academic literature. Results. A lot of verdicts expressed by Ibn Sina in his various works are really striking in the matter of their depth, humanity, and correct approach to solving a number of educational issues. Ibn Sina demonstrates a real understanding of the children’s nature, not only as a physician, but also as a teacher. Also, he gives subtle and reasonable pieces of advice about education. At the same time, the scientist pays serious attention to the personality of the educator involved in the formation of the character of the future citizen. Avicenna’s pedagogical ideas were very progressive and could not be implemented in the conditions of his time, but they are successfully implemented today in many world countries. Discussion and conclusion. Avicenna not only generalized the knowledge accumulated before his time, but also developed them in many ways, enriching them with the results of the thorough observations and researches, brought them into a single coherent system. The realization of the plans of the great scientist is the activity of numerous educational institutions engaged in the study of the physical education problems, represented in the younger generation, as well as the role of physical education and sports in the prevention of various diseases, etc.

Organizational aspects of students' motivation for engaging in Physical Education lessons and sports

The article reveals the essence of motivations and the main factors influencing the attitude of modern student youth to physical training and sports. It is considered that the younger generation is the healthiest part of the population. Nevertheless, a high rate of growth of various diseases is observed among students. According to medical and social research, about 80-85% of students have health disorders, about a third of those entering universities have serious chronic diseases that prevent full, energetic and active human life. The authors have identified the main motives of student youth that determine the priority types of sports activity. The formation of a socially active personality in harmony with physical development is an important condition for preparing a university graduate for professional activity in a society developing according to the rules of a market economy. The changes taking place in society and the state have clearly revealed a contradiction between the need for specialists with a high level of mobility, good physical development and a real decline in the role of physical education and sports in the country's universities. This actualizes the problem of improving the process of physical education and increasing its prestige in the higher pedagogical school of Russia.

Design and Research of VR Basketball Teaching System Based on Embedded Intelligent Sensor

Physical education pedagogy serves as a carrier of physical education theory and practical activities and plays an important role in physical education. The reform and development of education are always related closely to the growth of scientific and technological development, and people's physical education training methods are also undergoing subtle changes. The traditional single and formulaic training methods in the past have gradually turned to modern training methods with better interaction and visibility. All of this prompts people to have new requirements on sports training concepts and training modes. On this basis, teachers can conduct virtual teaching in a more interactive, more involved, and orderly manner in the virtual classroom. This paper constructs the implementation framework of VR basketball teaching auxiliary training, divides students into an experimental group and a control group and tests the physical fitness of students before and after the experiment. The students' basic basketball skills were tested by using embedded intelligent sensors to recognize the students' movements. The experimental results showed that after the test, the four basic basketball skills scores of the students in the experimental group were 68.78, 74.02, 73.13, and 72.34, respectively. The virtual reality basketball teaching system designed in this paper can effectively improve the basketball level of students.

체육활동에 대한 재미와 의미 만들기 : 대안학교 스포츠 강사 경험에 대한 내러티브

This study sought to explore the various meanings and roles of physical education through the physical activity programs conducted in alternative schools. To this end, a total of 3 research participants (one sports instructor and two students) were selected and data were collected through in-depth interviews, participation and observations, and education diaries for five months from March to July 2021. Data analysis used an inductive analysis method, which is often used in narrative research, in drawing six key categories based on the experiences of the research participants, and the conclusions composed of stories are as follows. First, the research participants experienced a strong first encounter with the environment and students of the alternative school, which is different from the general school. Second, at the beginning of the class, it was very confusing and disordered, but as time went on, an order was created for the class amid a disorder. Third, as time went by, the class progressed smoothly and the various educational meanings of physical activity were offered. Fourth, as various programs were conducted through classes, students discovered themselves through physical activity. Fifth, towards the end of the program, students acknowledged and empathized with the fact that physical education can be an educational method rather than a simple physical activity or play. Sixth, the physical activity program conducted at the alternative school offered new and diverse educational meanings, but it had practical limitations and improvements to be achieved.

Making the familiar strange: a narrative about Spanish children’s experiences of physical (in)activity to reconsider the ability of physical education to produce healthy citizens

ABSTRACT There is now a wealth of research on obesity both from biomedical and socially critical perspectives. However, less research has focused on the lived experiences of young children and particularly those who are perceived as ‘sedentary’. This paper critically examines the issue of obesity as related to children’s experiences of physical (in)activity, via a focus on the circulation of socio-cultural and economic discourses in the context of Spain. We report on data obtained from interviews with 13 children identified as ‘sedentary’. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis and based on the analysis a collective story was constructed to represent and give voice to the children’s experiences. The collective story sketches a day in the life of ‘Diego’ to indirectly reveal the limitations associated with assuming that sport and school physical education (PE) are pragmatic ‘answers’ to the presumed issue of childhood obesity. In our analysis we draw on Foucauldian notions of bio-power and governmentality to highlight how neoliberal and capitalist logics shape and constrain children’s experiences and opportunities. By presenting a narrative that delves into the various domains of these children's lives, their families, friends, peers and lifestyles, we argue there is still a need to reformulate and rethink how we understand childhood wellbeing and the role of PE. We conclude by suggesting that the conflation of PE with sport and health can subtly undermine some children’s views of self.