Role In Physical Activity Promotion Research Articles

Perception of Physiotherapist in Saudi Arabia Regarding their Role in Physical Activity Promotion

Perception of Physiotherapist in Saudi Arabia Regarding their Role in Physical Activity Promotion

S10-3 The Global Observatory for Physical Activity-GoPA! Policy Inventory: Progress and methods

BackgroundIn 2015, GoPA! was launched to monitor progress on Physical Activity (PA) surveillance, policy and research globally. In 2017, the GoPA! started developing a PA Policy Inventory to enable collecting comparable data on PA policy worldwide.MethodsThe instrument was developed in three stages. Stage-1: Critical assessment of the Policy Inventory version 1.0 was based on a review of other policy instruments/frameworks including: Health enhancing physical activity policy audit tool; the monitoring framework from the EU Recommendation on Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Across Sectors; and the Comprehensive Analysis of Policy on Physical Activity framework. Feedback from 14 GoPA! Country Contacts was received in 2017. Additional critical assessment was conducted from February to May 2019, and four PA policy experts drafted the Policy Inventory version 2.0. Stage-2: Open discussions about the Policy Inventory draft took place between May and August 2019 with seven policy experts. Based on the discussions, the draft questionnaire was revised three times to produce the GoPA! Policy Inventory version 2.0. Stage-3: Ten GoPA! Country Contacts provided their feedback on the Inventory version 2.0. The expert team from Stage 2 reviewed the suggestions and incorporated most of them into the GoPA! Policy Inventory version 3.0.ResultsThe GoPA! Policy Inventory version 3.0 contains: (i) a consent form; (ii) three questions about the respondent; and (iii) 20 questions about physical activity and sedentary behaviour policy. It is available in two formats: (i) an online survey in Qualtrics software; and (ii) an interactive Word document. The instrument collects the information related to: (i) national PA plans/policies; (iii) PA policy implementation; (iv) national recommendations on PA; (v) health surveillance or monitoring system that includes measures of PA; (vi) ministries or departments in national governments with an active role in PA promotion; (vii) quantifiable national targets related to PA; and (viii) comprehensiveness and effectiveness of the overall national PA policy.ConclusionsThe instrument will be used to collect policy data for the 2020 GoPA! Country Cards to be launched at ISPAH2020 and, may further be used by PA researchers and policy analysts to monitor, audit, assess, and analyse national PA policies.

Understanding beliefs related to physical activity in people living with axial Spondyloarthritis: a theory-informed qualitative study

BackgroundPeople living with axial Spondyloarthrtis (axSpA) have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, which can be reduced by regular physical activity (PA) and its subset of cardiorespiratory training (CRT). To fulfil their crucial role in PA promotion, physiotherapists and other health professionals need to understand the beliefs that people living with axSpA possess concerning general PA and CRT. The aim of this study is to explore these behavioural, normative and control beliefs.MethodsA qualitative descriptive design approach was chosen. Five semi-structured focus group interviews with 24 individuals living with axSpA were performed. Data was analysed using structured thematic qualitative content analysis.ResultsPeople with axSpA possessed multifaceted behavioural, normative and control beliefs concerning general PA and CRT. Behavioural beliefs revealed a positive attitude towards general PA, with participants mentioning numerous physical, psychological, and social benefits and only few risks. However, the conceptual difference between general PA and CRT, and the relevance of CRT, was unclear to some participants. Normative beliefs were expressed as the beliefs of significant others that influenced their motivation to comply with such beliefs, e.g. spouses, other people living with axSpA, rheumatologists. Regarding control beliefs, general PA and CRT were both mentioned as effective self-management strategies to control the disease. From experience, a high level of self-discipline, as well as technology, were shown to be useful.ConclusionsGeneral PA is understood to be an important self-management strategy for people with axSpA and most participants build general PA into their daily routines. They believe that general PA beneficially impacts personal health and wellbeing. However, some participants are unaware of the difference between general PA and CRT and the important impact that this difference could have on their health. The consequences of CRT promotion for people living with axSpA should be the subject of further research.

"People Associate Us with Movement so It's an Awesome Opportunity": Perspectives from Physiotherapists on Promoting Physical Activity, Exercise and Sport.

Insufficient physical activity (PA) is a critical public health issue especially in the context of COVID-related deconditioning. Health professionals are well placed to promote community-based PA but there is little supporting implementation research. We aimed to explore physiotherapists’ knowledge, views, attitudes and experiences regarding the promotion of physical activity, exercise and sport within daily clinical practice in order to guide development of strategies to support implementation of PA promotion by physiotherapists, in particular those treating older people, and adults and children with a disability. We conducted interviews and focus groups with 39 physiotherapists. Two researchers coded transcripts with an iterative coding approach. Analysis returned five main themes: putting principles into practice; working with conflicting priorities; multiple client barriers; connections build confidence; and the battle for information. The physiotherapists accepted their legitimate role in PA promotion. Limited clinical and administrative time and acute treatment priorities often superseded PA promotion but the lack of updated information regarding suitable community-based PA opportunities and lack of trust in community providers were the biggest barriers. Strategies to enhance PA promotion by physiotherapists should address time and information constraints, and build partnership connections between health professionals and community-based PA providers.

Maximising the impact of global and national physical activity guidelines: the critical role of communication strategies

ObjectivesPhysical activity guidelines are evidence-based statements on recommended physical activity levels for good health. Guidelines, in isolation, are unlikely to increase population levels of physical activity; appropriate and effective communication...

Physical activity for health and wellbeing: the role of motives for participation

Health professionals have increasing concern about physical health and wellbeing, as life globally becomes more demanding and stressful, yet people are less active, due to mechanization and automation of work and leisure. Increasing the amount of physical activity (PA) people do is now recognized as a global health priority, but PA continues to decline in many countries. Research on motives for participating in PA shows they have a role in PA promotion. We review theory and research on motives for participation in PA. Then, we describe development and validation of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS), a 40-item measure that includes eight motives. We report on the international validation of PALMS, showing its robustness to varia-tions in language and culture. We describe the development of a youth version, PALMS-Y, and a broader ver-sion that adds motives related to extreme sports. Next, we discuss PALMS research that has examined differ-ences in primary motives based on gender, age, and type of PA, as well as factorial structure invariance. We then consider studies investigating the influence of psychological variables on the relationship between mo-tives for participation in PA and the amount of PA individuals undertake, including self-efficacy, mindfulness, and passion. To aid in the consistent presentation of PA participation motives, we describe a form of motiva-tional profiling for use in research and practice. Finally, we propose ways that motives for participation in PA can be used in interventions to increase PA participation, by matching individuals’ primary motives to the type of PA associated with those motives in large PA samples, or using techniques, such as imagery, to enhance key motives. This should achieve the aim of enhancing health and psychological wellbeing around the world.

Tasks and responsibilities in physical activity promotion of older patients during hospitalization: A nurse perspective.

AimTo investigate how nurses perceive tasks and responsibilities in physical activity promotion of hospitalized older patients and which factors are of influence.DesignMixed methods sequential explanatory design.MethodsOne hundred and eight nurses participated in a questionnaire survey and 51 nurses in a subsequent in‐depth interview. Data were collected on tasks and responsibilities in physical activity promotion and their influencing factors as perceived by nurses. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and a deductive approach with directed content analysis was used for the data from the interviews.ResultsNurses perceived to have a dominant role in physical activity promotion of older patients during hospitalization. Ninety per cent of the nurses stated to be responsible for physical activity promotion and 32% stated to be satisfied with the actual level of physical activity of their patients. Nurses have specified to be responsible for signalling and performing physical activity promotion tasks and had final responsibility for transfers from bed to chair and promotion of daily activities. Influencing factors were low patient motivation, high workload causing priority shifts of tasks and the role of physicians.

Does A Free Ticket For Local Transport Increase Physical Activity?

PURPOSE: Active commuting can contribute to reaching recommended levels of physical activity (PA), and might therefore play an important role in PA promotion at the population level. The purpose of the study was to assess the changes in PA behavior after the introduction of a free ticket for local transport in the Federal State of Hessia in Germany. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective online survey among the employees of Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, and assessed employees’ commuting (good/bad weather) and leisure time PA prior to and after the introduction of the free ticket. Group differences were calculated with the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney-U test. Associations were tested with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The level of significance was set at p≤0.05. RESULTS: The link to the online survey was sent to 7935 employees, 989 (12.46%) responded, and 706 datasets (59% female) could be analyzed. No gender differences were found in total commuting time. With the availability of the free ticket public transport use increased significantly (53% vs 62% and 65% vs 76%), and car use decreased (17% vs. 9% and 20% vs. 12% in good and bad weather respectively). Public transport use included significantly more active transport minutes than car use (14±7 and 12±7 vs 3±3 and 3±3 in good and bad weather respectively). No change in leisure time PA was found. Weak associations showed between transport mode and body-mass-index, but not with smoking status. CONCLUSIONS: In this study the introduction of free tickets for public transport led to changes in commuting behavior in favor of public transport, which implies increased active travel. It is reasonable to assume that such changes, if sustained, can bear public health relevance. Since Goethe University is located in a metropolitan area with an extensive public transport network around it, our results may not be generalizable for areas with less developed transit system.

From guidelines to practice: development and implementation of disability-specific physical activity guidelines

Purpose Among people with physical disabilities, one of the most frequently-cited barriers to physical activity participation is a lack of basic information on what to do. Likewise, rehabilitation professionals often cite a lack of knowledge about what to recommend or prescribe, as their primary reason for not promoting physical activity to clients with disabilities. The development and implementation of disability-specific physical activity guidelines are important steps toward addressing informational barriers. This paper describes the reasoning behind disability-specific physical activity guidelines, the gold-standard process used to develop disability-specific guidelines for people with spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis, and the “who, what, and how” of behavioural interventions and messaging to support people with disabilities in achieving physical activity guidelines. Materials and Methods Not Applicable. Results Not Applicable. Conclusions The needs, values and preferences of people with disabilities must be taken into consideration when undertaking a disability-specific guideline development process. Guidelines can play an important role in physical activity promotion, but behavioural and other interventions are required to address the myriad physical activity barriers faced by people with disabilities. Implications for Rehabilitation People with and without disabilities can achieve significant fitness and health benefits from activity well below the WHO’s 150 minutes/week guideline. Disability-specific physical activity guidelines can alleviate informational barriers for people who want to get active and rehabilitation professionals who want to promote physical activity. Behavioural and other interventions are needed to support people’s efforts to achieve physical activity guidelines. A physiotherapist-delivered intervention has shown promise for increasing physical activity in adults with a physical disability.

Physical exercise adherence in Finnish children using a music mat: a pilot study

A growing number of studies has shown that informal musical activities, such as singing, playing an instrument, and musical play at home, are positively associated with children’s health. This paper examines the associations between fourteen 4–6-year-old children’s and their parents’ exercise activity, children’s musical and their exercise adherence when using a music mat over an eight-week period in the home environment. Our results show that most of the children moved on the mat breezily and briskly. The parents assessed that exercises required balance and movement control more than endurance or strength. Spearman’s rank-order correlation showed a strong, positive correlation between the children and their parents regarding exercise duration and number of exercise sessions with the mat. A large effect was found between the self-reported increase in physical activity (PA) and perceived encouragement of the family (Mann-Whitney U-test, p=0.034). For completeness, using exact logistic regression it was found that children with a musical background were more likely to use the music mat and increase their PA than were children without a musical background, but the differences were not statistically significant. No differences in fidelity and enjoyment were found. The parents’ role in PA promotion, specifically in completeness and encouragement, is important.

Updating goal-setting theory in physical activity promotion: a critical conceptual review

ABSTRACT Goal-setting is a widely used and accepted strategy for promoting physical activity. Locke and Latham’s goal-setting theory is the primary theoretical framework for setting goals in psychology and plays a prominent role in physical activity promotion. Recently, however, there have been calls to reconsider current goal-setting practice in this field. Therefore, we aimed to critically review and update the application of goal-setting theory in physical activity promotion, by examining core developments in this theory since 1990. Current practice relies on setting specific ‘performance’ goals as a means of increasing physical activity (e.g., 10,000 steps; national physical activity guidelines). This approach was initially consistent with key tenets of goal-setting theory. However, since 1990 this theory has evolved to differentiate between performance and learning goals. Both goal types are context-dependent and it is now recognised that, in some cases, performance goals can even be detrimental to the achievement of desired outcomes. Consequently, current practice may be theoretically appropriate for physically active individuals but a different approach (e.g., learning goals) may be preferable for inactive individuals who are new to physical activity (i.e., most of the population). We conclude by discussing implications for policy, research, and practice in goal-setting for physical activity promotion.

The evolution of physical activity promotion. Are we entering a liquid age?

In order to counteract risk factors for non-communicable diseases, promotion of physical activity has become increasingly relevant. This article outlines recent developments in this field, adopting a perspective based on Zygmunt Bauman's concepts of liquid modernity and liquid life. Five trends in physical activity promotion are identified: (Trend 1) The expansion of physical activity recommendations from a narrow focus on exercise to a broad concept of 24-h movement guidelines, (Trend 2) the increasing number of population groups targeted by these recommendations, (Trend 3) the ascent of efforts for physical activity promotion to the global level, (Trend 4) the emancipation of physical activity promotion from an add-on to a stand-alone public health topic, and (Trend 5) the ongoing conflict between sport, health and other sectors about the leading role in physical activity promotion. Based on these developments, physical activity might be classified as 'liquid' in Bauman's sense, that is, as being elusive and in a constant state of flux.

Cancer specialist nurses\u2019 perspectives of physical activity promotion and the potential role of physical activity apps in cancer care

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to understand breast, prostate and colorectal cancer clinical nurse specialists’ (CNSs) perspectives on physical activity (PA) promotion and the role of smartphone apps to support PA promotion in cancer care.MethodsCNSs working in breast, prostate or colorectal cancer were recruited via advertisements distributed by professional organizations. In-depth semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsNineteen CNSs participated. The analysis resulted in 4 themes regarding CNSs’ perspectives of PA promotion within cancer care: (i) policy changes in survivorship care have influenced CNSs’ promotion of PA; (ii) CNSs recognize their role in supporting PA but sit within a wider system necessary for effective PA promotion; (iii) CNSs use several techniques to promote PA within their consultations; (iv) remaining challenges in PA promotion. The analysis resulted in 3 themes regarding CNSs’ perspectives on the use of apps to promote PA within cancer care: (i) the influence of apps on access to PA support; (ii) the role of apps in self-directed PA; (iii) implementing apps in cancer care.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide valuable insight into the CNS role and provide a number of important considerations for the development and implementation of PA interventions within cancer care, with a specific focus on smartphone-based interventions.Implications for Cancer SurvivorsCNSs play an important role in PA promotion in cancer care and this research can inform the development of PA interventions delivered via smartphone app for people affected by cancer.

Moving to learn Ireland – Classroom teachers’ experiences of movement integration

Considering recent attention to the school's role in physical activity promotion, this study describes experiences of primary school teachers who implemented a movement integration programme in their classrooms. Teachers' perceptions are important to consider when developing and implementing movement integration resources. The teachers in this study highlighted perceived benefits to their students as an attraction to movement integration, cited barriers of time and space, and requested support related to movement integration implementation. When considering future research and practice we must continue to seek out effective ways to support classroom teachers while considering the multiple levels of influence present in schools.

The Evolution of Physical Activity Promotion.

A physically active lifestyle has numerous physical and mental health benefits for patients of all ages. Despite these significant benefits, a majority of Americans do not meet current physical activity guidelines. Health care providers, especially nurses, play a vital role in physical activity promotion. Over the past several decades, exercise and physical activity guidelines have evolved from a focus on structured, vigorous exercise to a focus on moderate-intensity "lifestyle" physical activity. The author updates nurses on physical activity guidelines and provides tips for promoting physical activity, with a focus on lifestyle activities such as walking to work. This article also addresses new research findings on the importance of decreasing sedentary and sitting time, even in physically active people.

Getting Australia more active: challenges and opportunities for health promotion.

A growing body of evidence demonstrates that regular physical activity promotes health and assists in the prevention of non-communicable diseases but this is presently curtailed by low and unhealthy participation rates in Australia and comparable industrialised countries. Compounding the problem is knowledge that physical inactivity is independently associated with poor health outcomes. Despite physical activity being described as public health's 'best bet' or 'best buy', motivating individuals and groups to adopt and maintain physical activity continues to be a major challenge for health professionals. Global advocacy for prevention efforts must be operationalised through national to local strategies to promote and support physical activity in multiple settings including the home, schools and workplace. The Australian health promotion community has and continues to play a leadership role in physical activity promotion. However, there is an urgent need to continue to promote the importance of physical activity, along with its pivotal role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, alongside related agendas including healthy diets, tobacco control and environmental sustainability. This commentary overviews the contemporary status of physical activity promotion in Australia and identifies key challenges and opportunities moving forward.

Physical Therapistsʼ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About Physical Activity: A Prerequisite to Their Role in Physical Activity Promotion?

Background. Thepromotionofphys- icalactivity� (PA)�iswidelyrecognized� asamajorcomponentofthepre- ventionandmanagementofseveral� chronicdiseases.� Asexpertsinhuman� movement,�physicaltherapists� (PTs)� arelogicalagentsforthepromotion� ofPA.� Nevertheless,� todateonlyfew� studieshaveinvestigatedfactorsthat� influencePApromotion.� Objectives. Thisstudyaimedtoana- lyzetherelationshipsbetweenphysi- caltherapistknowledge,�attitudes,� and� beliefsaboutPA,� andtheirownself- reportedPApromotion.

Children's Physical Activity Levels During Indoor Recess Dance Videos

Children's physical activity (PA) levels remain low, and schools are being asked to assume a leadership role in PA promotion. Research suggests outdoor recess contributes to children's overall PA levels. However, similar research is not available for indoor recess, which occurs frequently due to a variety of factors. The purpose of this study was to describe PA levels and intensity during indoor recess using PA dance videos. Fifty-four children (27 girls) wore accelerometers for 5 days during indoor recess. Factorial analyses of variance were conducted to examine the differences in PA between sexes and across grades. Participants averaged 17.66 (SD = 2.82) minutes in indoor recess. On average, 22.22% (SD = 12.72) was spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 45.70% (SD = 11.29) of time was spent in low-intensity physical activity (LPA) totaling 67.92% (SD = 16.54) of total recess time. Boys accumulated a higher percentage of MVPA and total PA compared to girls. Students engaged in PA 68% of indoor recess time, equaling almost 12 minutes of PA during recess. Results suggest PA dance videos are 1 effective method for increasing elementary children's PA during indoor recess as an alternative to sedentary activities.

Physical Activity Promotion in the Physical Therapy Setting: Perspectives From Practitioners and Students

Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for chronic disease. Primary health care practitioners are well placed to promote a physically active lifestyle. The perceptions and practice of physical therapists on their role in physical activity promotion are not well known. The objective of this study was to determine the knowledge, confidence, role perception, barriers, feasibility, and counseling practice of physical therapists and physical therapist students regarding the promotion of nontreatment physical activity for better health. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. In 2008, 321 (54%) of a random sample of all physical therapists registered in New South Wales, Australia, responded to a survey on their knowledge, confidence, role perception, barriers, feasibility, and counseling practice with regard to promoting a physically active lifestyles to their patients. Physical therapist students (n=279) completed the same survey but without the questions on barriers and counseling practice. Physical therapists and physical therapist students consider that it is part of their role to give their patients nontreatment physical activity advice. Overall, they reported having adequate knowledge and skills to undertake this role. Incorporating advice into normal consultations is deemed the most feasible form of lifestyle physical activity promotion in physical therapist practice. The cross-sectional nature of this study makes it difficult to determine cause and effect relationships. Some selection bias may have occurred, as the physical therapists who completed the questionnaires may have been those most interested in physical activity promotion. Physical therapist practice appears to be an excellent avenue for promoting a physically active lifestyle and could potentially play an important public health role.

Is there a demand for physical activity interventions provided by the health care sector? Findings from a population survey

BackgroundHealth care providers in many countries have delivered interventions to improve physical activity levels among their patients. Thus far, less is known about the population's interest to increase their physical activity levels and their opinion about the health care provider's role in physical activity promotion. The aims of this paper were to investigate the self-reported physical activity levels of the population and intention to increase physical activity levels, self-perceived need for support, and opinions about the responsibilities of both individuals and health care providers to promote physical activity.MethodsA regional public health survey was mailed to 13 440 adults (aged 18-84 years) living in Östergötland County (Sweden) in 2006. The survey was part of the regular effort by the regional Health Authorities.ResultsAbout 25% of the population was categorised as physically active, 38% as moderately active, 27% as somewhat active, and 11% as low active. More than one-third (37%) had no intentions to increase their physical activity levels, 36% had thought about change, while 27% were determined to change. Lower intention to change was mainly associated with increased age and lower education levels. 28% answered that physical activity was the most important health-related behaviour to change "right now" and 15% of those answered that they wanted or needed support to make this change. Of respondents who might be assumed to be in greatest need of increased activity (i.e. respondents reporting poor general health, BMI>30, and inactivity) more than one-quarter wanted support to make improvements to their health. About half of the respondents who wanted support to increase their physical activity levels listed health care providers as a primary source for support.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that there is considerable need for physical activity interventions in this population. Adults feel great responsibility for their own physical activity levels, but also attribute responsibility for promoting increased physical activity to health care practitioners.