Role In Crisis Research Articles

Emotional communication analysis of emergency microblog based on the evolution life cycle of public opinion

PurposeMicroblogging is an important channel used to disseminate online public opinion during an emergency. Analyzing the features and evolution mechanism of online public opinion during an emergency plays a significant role in crisis management.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the event of Hurricane Irma and combines it with the life cycle of online public opinion evolution to understand the effect of different types of emotional (joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust) microblogs (tweets) on information dissemination. The research was performed in the context of Hurricane Irma by using tweets associated with that event.FindingsThis paper demonstrates that negative emotional information has a greater communication effect, and further, the target audience that receives more exposure to negative emotional microblogs has a stronger tendency to retweet. Meanwhile, emotions expressed in tweets and the life cycle of public opinion evolution exert interactive effects on the retweeting behavior of the target audience.Research limitations/implicationsFor future research, a professional dictionary and the context should be taken into consideration to make the modeling in the text more normative and analyzable.Practical implicationsThis paper aims to reveal how the emotions of a tweet affect its virality in terms of diffusion volume in the context of an emergency event.Social implicationsThe conclusion made in this paper can shed light on the real-time regulation and public opinion transmission, as well as for efficient intelligence service and emergency management.Originality/valueIn this study, Hurricane Irma is taken as an example to explore the factors influencing the information dissemination during emergencies on the social media environment. The relationship between the sentiment of a tweet and the life cycle of public opinion and its effect on tweet volume were investigated.

Finansal Krizler ve Asimetrik Enformasyon: Asya ve Meksika Krizleri

The problems arising from asymmetric information in financialmarkets prevent the efficient functioning of these markets and preventfinancial markets from transferring funds to the most efficient investmentprojects. The existence of asymmetric information, which negatively affects the efficiency and productivity of both financial and non-financialinstitutions, is an important factor in economic failures and financialcrises.In this study, the concept of asymmetric information will be discussed.Asymmetric information factor in financial crises and its role incrises will be evaluated. 1994 Mexico and 1997 Asian crises will beanalyzed in terms of asymmetric information.

Role of Artificial Intelligence in Crisis and Emergency Management

Artificial intelligence (AI) plays significant role in crisis and emergency management. AI not only can save lives during crisis an emergency, it can further help government officials to formulate strategies for increased safety and resiliency before a disaster strikes. In this paper the benefits of AI technologies in crisis response have been investigated. This study further discusses the role of artificial intelligence technologies such as robotics, ontology and semantic web, and multi-agent systems in crisis response. AI is behind many of the recent advances in technologies for crisis response and management.

Investigation the Role of New Technologies in Coping with Natural Disasters

INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of natural disasters leads to economic, social, and personal infrastructure damage. Moreover, the government capacities increase rapidly following a direct and major demand for assistance. In these situations, timely communication, information gathering, and coordination to respond to the needs are of critical importance. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of new technologies on dealing with natural disasters in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, Iran. METHODS: This practical study was conducted based on a descriptive-survey method. The population included 100 experts and key members of the Sistan and Baluchistan Crisis Management Coordination Council. In total 80 cases were selected using Cochranchr('39')s formula and purposive (snowball) sampling method. The data were collected through a 46-item researcher-made questionnaire. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire was estimated at 0.94 using Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient, which indicated acceptable reliability of this scale. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) through multiple regression to evaluate the research hypotheses. FINDINGS: According to the results of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the data distribution was normal. Moreover, the results of the multiple regression test showed the effectiveness of new technologies in dealing with natural disasters. Furthermore, operational equipment had the most significant effects on dealing with natural disasters. CONCLUSION: New information technologies play a significant role in crisis and disaster management. Therefore, they can be beneficial in terms of informing and reducing costs as well as losses during crises and unexpected events

Explaining the European commission’s strategies in times of crisis

Despite the growing debate over the European Commission’s (hereafter, Commission) role in crises, there are few systematic explanations for the variety of actions undertaken by the Commission in times of crisis. This article outlines a heuristic device to explain the Commission’s actions during crises, based on the variables ‘Commission mandate’ and ‘member state engagement’. To this end, it examines two crisis events that affected two strategically important policy areas for European Union integration: the early stages of the financial crisis that began in 2008 and the migration following the 2011 Arab Spring. Based on analysis of these cases, this study identifies four strategies applied by the Commission: doer, follower, cooperator and recycler. Our study concludes that member state engagement and Commission mandate are important variables in explaining under which circumstances these strategies are used by the Commission.

Identità e riconoscimento: un possibile approccio teorico per la comprensione del fenomeno dell'homelessness?

Identity and recognition: A possible theoretical key to understanding the phenomenon of homelessness? Homelessness is one of the most extreme forms of poverty. Recent literature explains this event using an approach that combines individual characteristics and structural forces. However, in the homelessness’s study few attention has been given to human dimension and the role of crisis of identity and recognition. The need to be socially recognized is not simply a need among many others, to which we can possibly give up: it is a basic condition of our being human persons. Becoming homeless is definitely a very traumatic event, but these persons suffer before they begin this transition and continue even after that. In both phases, homeless people might be victims of various forms of misrecognition: physical and psychological maltreatment, rights’ deprivation and social exclusion that affect the validation of their social identity. Homelessness is certainly an expression of material and economic poverty, but it might also reflect other human and social problems. The aim of this paper is to explore how identity and recognition concepts can be used as a framework to understand homelessness experience more deeply and design effective and innovative public policies.

Political Economy of Regional Integration: The Northeast Asian Model Revisited

ABSTRACTIt is found that the intra-regional trade share or functional integration plays an important role in the institutionalization of regional integration not only in the European Union (EU) but also in Northeast Asia. The crisis factor, which is measured by the regional economic growth rates, is empirically significant in Northeast Asia but not in the EU. This situation confirms the crisis model for Northeast Asia that emphasizes the stimulating role of crisis for the institutionalization of regional integration. However, the political leadership factor is not empirically significant in Northeast Asia and in the EU, and this finding does not support the political leadership model that emphasizes the facilitating role of political leadership for the institutionalization of regional integration.

Crisis? How Is That a Crisis!?

Crisis has become such a ubiquitous word that its discriminatory power is diminished across various disciplines. It challenges the word-concept relationship inasmuch as it is associated with a host of partner words that imbue crisis with divergent meanings. Not least, it stretches between major upheavals and minor disturbances, often employed with calculating or rhetorical dramatic effect. This article explores both professional and vernacular usages of “crisis” and notes the distinction between theories of crisis and ideologies of crisis. It then turns to examining two domains closely linked to the language of crisis: Marxist analyses of capitalism, and legitimation problems. The latter is explored particularly through Seymour Martin Lipset and Jürgen Habermas. The role of crisis as filtered through different ideological families is indicated. Finally, the relationship between the tipping-point connotations of crisis and the finality drive of political decisions is considered.

The Role of Crisis in the English Property Market, 1300-1500: A Reappraisal

This paper re-examines the late medieval market in freehold land, the extent to which it was governed by market forces as opposed to political or social constraints, and how this contributed to the commercialisation of the late medieval English economy. We employ a valuable new resource for study of this topic in the form of an extensive dataset on late medieval English freehold property transactions. Through analysis of this data, we examine how the level of market activity (the number of sales) and the nature of the properties (the relative proportions of different types of asset) varied across regions and over time. In particular, we consider the impact of exogenous factors such as war, plague and political crises, and the effects of growing commercialisation. In so doing, we present an important new perspective on the long-term evolution of the medieval English property market.

The role of crises in the production, destruction and restructuring of tourist spaces. The case of the Balearic Islands

The outbreak of the Great Crisis in 2008 has awakened the interest in the role of crisis within social sciences. Nevertheless, broadly speaking, tourism studies have given very little attention to the moments of crisis. In the case of the Balearic Islands, while there are important works on the historical evolution of the tourist space, those tend to consider crises as blank moments. For this reason, this article focuses on the role played by crises in the production of the Balearics’ space, by analyzing both moments of destruction and restructuring of the political economy. From the understanding of the different crises, from the Civil War to the present, we can conclude that the booms of the Balearic Islands are the indisputable fruit of those crises.

Crises and Institutional Change: Emergence of Cross-Border Water Governance in Lake Eyre Basin, Australia

ABSTRACTManaging large river basins for sustainability is a contentious social–ecological arena challenging traditional scientific and rational planning approaches to water and related natural resources governance. “Crises” are inevitable but double-edged: creating threats and uncertainties, but also new opportunities to shape trajectories of change and avoid adverse consequences. A case study of the large remote cross-border Lake Eyre Basin (LEB), in arid central Australia, shows how over two decades a series of social–ecological and political–administrative “crises” emerged, posing significant environmental and social dilemmas for water governance, while also opening up opportunities for institutional change. This article examines the role of crises in the emergence and evolution of water governance in the LEB, how they were perceived, the challenges and opportunities posed, social and institutional responses, and governance capacity outcomes. Finally, it reflects on emergent crises as opportunities for more systemic and adaptive change in large river basins.

Financing for SMEs: The Role of Crises

Financing for SMEs: The Role of Crises

Human Capital as a Key Factor of Economic Growth in Crisis

Introduction In crisis, economic connections between entrepreneurial structures are broken, which leads to failures of their functioning and slowdown of rates of economic growth. Under the influence of unemployment and reduction of effective demand, economic conditions are further aggravated, which leads to significant reduction of entrepreneurial activity and reduction of living standards of the population. In Russia, the recent financial crisis has taken the most unfavorable form, as financial failures of the market are accompanied by unfavorable situation in the global energy markets, which constitute the foundation of Russian economy, and implementation of sanctions, which determined additional load on economics and complicates the process of overcoming of the crisis. Financial mechanisms used for fighting crisis phenomena in economy do not bring the desired results, leading only to slowdown of recession rates and economic growth. Thus, the search for new non-financial methods of overcoming of crisis becomes actual. Under the conditions of post-industrial economy, one of the most important production factors is human capital, which is the most flexible resource of business in particular and economy on the whole, which determines the use of other resources. Human capital is considered a source of economic growth under the stable economic conditions, but its role in crisis is not studied well. Based on this, the authors of the article offer a hypothesis that human capital is a key source of innovational potential and a key factor of economic growth in crisis. The purpose of the article is to verify this hypothesis and determine the role of human capital in overcoming the crisis phenomena in economy by the example of modern Russia. Materials and method The issues related to study of the notion and sense of human capital and its role in development of entrepreneurial structures are viewed in the works by (Goedhuys and Sleuwaegen, 2016), (Meier et al., 2016), (Benzoni and Chyruk, 2015), (Lim et al., 2015), (Chechina, 2015), etc. Specifics of formation of innovational potential of enterprises and other economic systems (regional, national, global economy) is reflected in studies by such modern authors as (Karpenko et al., 2015), (Buchmann et al., 2015), (Vasin and Gamidullaeva, 2015), (Ablaev, 2015), (Sultanova, 2012), etc. Causal connections of economic growth and its meaning for modern economic systems is viewed in materials of research of such scientists as (Urbano and Aparicio, 2016), (Aparicio et al., 2016), (Popkova et al., 2016), (Popkova et al., 2013), etc. Peculiarities of functioning of economic systems in crisis and methods of overcoming of crisis are viewed in works of such authors as (Hieronymi, 2016), (Bohl et al., 2016), (Peric and Vitezic, 2016), (Capello et al., 2016), (Nadtochey, 2012), etc. The literature overview on the topic of the research showed that there is a lot of scientific information on separate aspects of this research--human capital, innovational potential, economic growth, and economic crisis. At that, there is no comprehensive idea of interconnection between these aspects of development of modern economic systems, which determines necessity for complex study of these phenomena--which is performed in this article. During the research, the authors use such scientific methods as modeling of development of socio-economic systems, factor analysis, analysis of causal connections, systemic and problem analysis, correlation analysis, synthesis, and graphic interpretation of information. Results Let us analyze dynamics and connection between development of Russian economy and innovational activity of Russian enterprises before, during, and after the recent financial crisis (2005-2014) (Fig. 1). As is seen from Fig. 1, before the 2008 crisis the Russian economy had been developing in a stable way, showing economic growth of 8% per year. …

From personal crisis care to convenience shopping: an interpretive description of the experiences of people with mental illness and addictions in community pharmacies.

BackgroundThe role of community pharmacists is changing globally with pharmacists engaging in more clinically-oriented roles, including in mental health care. Pharmacists’ interventions have been shown to improve mental health related outcomes but various barriers can limit pharmacists in their care of patients. We aimed to explore the experiences of people with lived experience of mental illness and addictions in community pharmacies to generate findings to inform practice improvements.MethodsWe used interpretive description methodology with analytic procedures of thematic analysis to explore the experiences of people with lived experience of mental illness and addictions with community pharmacy services. Participants were recruited through multiple mechanisms (e.g., paper and online advertisements), offered honorarium for their time, and given the option of a focus group or interview for participation in our study. Data were gathered during July to September of 2012. Interviews and focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed by two researchers.ResultsWe collected approximately nine hours of audio data from 18 individuals in two focus groups (n = 12) and six individual interviews. Fourteen participants were female and the average age was 41 years (range 24 to 57 years). Expectations, decision-making, and supports were identified as central themes underlying the community pharmacy experiences of people with lived experience of mental illness and addictions. Eight subthemes were identified including: relationships with pharmacy staff; patient’s role in the pharmacist-patient relationship; crisis and triage; privacy and confidentiality; time; stigma and judgment; medication-related and other services; and transparency.ConclusionsPeople with lived experience of mental illness and addictions demonstrate a high regard and respect for pharmacist’s knowledge and abilities but hold conservative expectations of pharmacy health services shaped by experience, observations, and assumptions. To some extent, expectation management occurs with the recognition of the demands on pharmacists and constraints inherent to community pharmacy practice. Relationships with pharmacy staff are critical to people with lived experience and influence their decision-making. Research in the area of pharmacists’ roles in crises and triage, especially in the area of suicide assessment and mitigation, is needed urgently.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1817-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Reforming the Public Administration: The Role of Crisis and the Power of Bureaucracy

The need to balance austerity with growth policies has put government efficiency high on the economic policy agenda in Europe. Administrative reforms which boost the efficiency of the administration can alleviate the trade-off between consolidation and public service provision. Against such backdrop, this study explores the determinants of efficiency en- hancing public administration reforms for a panel of EU countries using a novel reform indicator. The findings support the political-economic reasoning: An economic and fiscal crisis is a potent catalyst for reforms, but a powerful bureaucracy effectively constrains the opportunities of a crisis to promote this particular type of reform. Furthermore, there is evidence for horizontal learning from other EU countries, and for vertical learning associated with a particular type of EU transfers.

Reforming the public administration: The role of crisis and the power of bureaucracy

The need to balance austerity with growth policies has put government efficiency high on the economic policy agenda in Europe. Administrative reforms that boost the internal efficiency of bureaucracy can alleviate the trade-off between consolidation and public service provision. Against such a backdrop, this paper constructs (and makes available) a novel reform indicator to explore the determinants of public administration reforms for a panel of EU countries. The findings support political-economic reasoning: An economic and fiscal crisis is a potent catalyst for reforms, but a powerful bureaucracy constrains the opportunities of a crisis to promote reform. Furthermore, there is some suggestive evidence for horizontal learning from other EU countries, and for vertical learning associated with a particular type of EU cohesion spending.

Crises in economic and social history: a comparative perspective

This collection of essays brings together historians examining social and economic crises from the thirteenth century to the twenty-first. Crisis is an almost ubiquitous concept for historians, applicable across (amongst others) the histories of agriculture, disease, finance and trade. Yet there has been little attempt to compare its use as an explanatory tool between these discrete fields of research. This volume breaks down the boundaries between traditional historical time periods and sub-disciplines of history to examine the ways in which past societies have coped with crises, and the role of crisis in generating economic and social change. Should we conceptualise a medieval agrarian or financial crisis differently from their modern counterparts? Were there similarities in how contemporaries responded to famine or outbreaks of disease? How comparable are crises within households, within institutions, or across national and international networks of trade? Contributors examine how crises have shaped economic and social life in a range of studies from the Great Depression in 1930s Latin America to the outbreak of plague in seventeenth-century central Europe, and from sheep and cattle murrain in fourteenth-century England to the Northern Rock building society collapse of 2007. A.T. BROWN is an Addison Wheeler Research Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Studies at Durham University. ANDY BURN is a postdoctoral researcher at the Institute of Medieval and Early Modern Studies at Durham University. ROB DOHERTY is a doctoral candidate in history at Durham University. CONTRIBUTORS: Peter H. Bent, A.T. Brown, Andy Burn, Catherine Casson, Mark Casson, Samuel K. Cohn, Jr., Rob Doherty, Josette Duncan, Matthew Hollow, Pavla Jirkova, Alan Knight, John S. Lee, Cinzia Lorandini, John Martin, Ranald Michie, Anne L. Murphy, Pamela Nightingale, John Singleton, Philip Slavin, Paul Warde

The Study of Economic Crisis Role on the Accounting Quality in Accepted Companies on Tehran Stock Exchange

The Study of Economic Crisis Role on the Accounting Quality in Accepted Companies on Tehran Stock Exchange

Стратегии разработки системы внутренних коммуникаций публичных организаций: практические аспекты и теоретичeские дилеммы

Human resources management has changed considerably for the recent years. Crisis situations of various natures are the major factors of development of the science of management. The subject of this article is the role of crisis and efficient human resources management in the modern organization and the specific role of internal communications. The authors prove that the strategy of internal communications should be an indivisible part of the PR-strategy and HR-strategy. Stages of strategy development and features of the communication audit in public institutions are revealed.

Introduction – Understanding EU Actorness Today: The Role of Crisis on the Division Between EU’s Internal and External Actions and Practices

Introduction – Understanding EU Actorness Today: The Role of Crisis on the Division Between EU’s Internal and External Actions and Practices