Advocacy Role Research Articles

Impact of Education on Student Nurses' Advocacy and Ethical Sensitivity.

The nursing literature emphasizes that there are still inadequacies, differences, and inconsistencies in the definition of nurses' advocacy role, and that nursing education plays an important role in educating nurses for patient advocacy. The aim of the present study is to determine the effects of advocacy education onsocial justice advocacy and ethical sensitivity. Pre-test, post-test, parallel group, randomized controlled study. The study was carried out on 80 undergraduate nursing students in Turkey. Students was divided into experimental (40) and control (40) groups. Experimental group received advocacy education cirruculum. Both groups were applied as Socio-Demographic Characteristics, as pre- test and post-tests Social Justice Advocacy Scale, and Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire. The data were statistically evaluated with, the chi-square test, Two-Way Anova. The study was approved by Selcuk University Faculty of Health Sciences Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee (09.25.2019/1218). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The pre-test score of the intervention group and that of the control group were similar(p > 0.05). The study group's post-test score was significantly higher than its pre-test score and the post-test score of the control group "social justice advocacy skills" and "moral sensitivity Questionnaire." In two-way analysis of variance in repeated measures, there was a significant main effect of the type of groups. The two-way ANOVA results in repeated measures showed that group-time interaction was significant. The advocacy education cirruculum the experimental group increased in the social justice advocacy knowledge, attitude and skills and moral sensitivity. The advocacy education cirruculum the experimental group increased the social justice advocacy skills and moral sensitivity. The Advocacy education cirruculum can be suggested to be integrated into the undergraduate nursing curriculum.

Evaluating the impact of a community health worker (Promotora de Salud) program on attitudes and beliefs regarding atopic dermatitis among Spanish-speaking Latin-American caregivers.

Community health workers (CHWs), or promotora de salud, have an important role in healthcare education and advocacy in the Latin American community. We aimed to determine the impact of a promotora de salud program on attitudes and beliefs regarding AD management among Latin American caregivers of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis. This is a sub-study of an ongoing randomized, investigator-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Mann-Whitney U tests compared questionnaire responses in the standard education group to the promotora group. Caregivers in the promotora group were more likely to state that they knew how to apply wet wraps and use bleach (sodium hypochlorite) baths at 1month (wet wraps p=.027, bleach baths p=.005) and 3months (wet wraps p=.005, bleach baths p<.001) demonstrating greater self-efficacy, defined as an individual's belief in their capacity to execute a certain behavior to achieve a desired outcome, compared with the standard education group. Culturally competent and language concordant educational interventions may improve confidence in utilizing wet wraps and bleach baths among Latin-American caregivers of children with atopic dermatitis, which may improve AD outcomes in the Latin-American community.

The Right to Physical Integrity for Child Patients Jeopardized in Health and Medical Care?

Abstract Sweden was the first country in the world banning corporal punishment in 1979, protecting children’s physical and mental integrity. Forty years later, this fundamental view on children’s rights, respecting the child’s integrity, has not had any effect in Swedish health and medical care when children are patients. In this article, children’s rights when the child is a patient will be discussed in relation to the Swedish Patient Act (pa, 2014:81) and the advocacy role of Swedish patient organisations. It is shown that children’s rights in the Patient Act are constructed based on the child patient as deviant and subordinated to adult patients and parental rights, making not only the child’s voice subject to valuation by adults, but also the child’s integrity. Further, the patient organisations, acting as advocates for different patient groups in the legislative process, stay silent on issues concerning child patients’ basic human rights.

Problems with Publishing Philosophical Claims We Don't Believe

AbstractPlakias has recently argued that there is nothing wrong with publishing defences of philosophical claims which we don't believe and also nothing wrong with concealing our lack of belief, because an author's lack of belief is irrelevant to the merit of a published work. Fleisher has refined this account by limiting the permissibility of publishing without belief to what he calls ‘advocacy role cases’. I argue that such lack of belief is irrelevant only if it is the result of an inexplicable incredulity or the result of a metaphilosophical or epistemic stance that is unrelated to the specific claim. However, in many real-life cases, including Fleisher's advocacy role cases, our doubts regarding the claims we defend arise from reasons that have something to do with the insufficiency of the philosophical evidence supporting the claim, and publishing an unconditional defence of a claim without revealing our doubts is impermissible as it involves withholding philosophically relevant reasons. Plakias has also argued that discouraging philosophers from publishing claims they don't believe would be unfair to junior philosophers with unsettled views. I propose that we should change our academic practices that pressure philosophers to publish articles that pretend to be defences of settled views.

Advocacy Engagement and Self-Efficacy of School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists.

The purpose of this study was to investigate advocacy engagement and self-efficacy of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) and their perceptions of key issues in education and challenges to advocacy. A 75-item survey was used to solicit information about advocacy-related experiences of 194 school-based SLPs. The survey included subsections on advocacy engagement, identity, training, and self-efficacy and solicited open-ended responses regarding perceived issues and hindrances. Results demonstrated low percentages of respondents had received training in advocacy (15%) and participated in an event (14%). A high percentage of respondents (45%) reported feeling ill-equipped to advocate but viewed their role as advocates to be important. Overall, respondents self-rated as moderately efficacious advocates. Age and perceived advocacy importance were significant predictors of self-efficacy. Frequently cited issues in education included lack of resources and support for educators and students, teachers' rights, and mental health. Common challenges to advocacy included time constraints, lack of knowledge and support, and fear of retaliation. Based on reported challenges to advocacy, more research is necessary to further investigate the extent these factors influence engagement and self-efficacy. As SLPs in this study viewed their advocacy role to be important but perceived themselves to be unprepared, additional training and professional development opportunities could support the degree to which SLPs engage in advocacy and perceive themselves to be effective advocates. https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.19111532.

The Role of Physician Advocacy in Achieving Health Equity: Where Is the Allergist-Immunologist?

As allergists and immunologists many of us have likely worked in the capacity of being an advocate for individual patients. However, how many of us are aware of our ability to be effective advocates who address root causes of health issues through policy changes? Physician advocacy is not a core competency medical specialty training (except pediatrics), yet physicians' clinical and research expertise and professional experience can be leveraged to shape policy. This rostrum describes the spectrum of activities for a physician advocate, barriers to physician advocacy, and actionable steps to encouraging the training and expansion of advocacy efforts by allergists and immunologists.

Exploring non-physician care professionals' roles in cancer multidisciplinary team meetings: A qualitative study.

The growing complexity of cancer care necessitates collaboration among different professionals. This interprofessional collaboration improves cancer care delivery and outcomes. Treatment decision-making within the context of a multidisciplinaire team meeting (MDTMs) may be seen as a particular form of interprofessional collaboration. Various studies on cancer MDTMs highlight a pattern of suboptimal information sharing between attendants. To overcome the lack of non-medical, patient-based information, it might be recommended that non-physician care professionals play a key patient advocacy role within cancer MDTMs. This study aims to explore non-physician care professionals’ current and aspired role within cancer MDTMs. Additionally, the perceived hindering factors for these non-physician care professionals to fulfil their specific role are identified. The analysis focuses on nurses, specialist nurses, head nurses, psychologists, social workers, a head of social workers and data managers. The results show that non-physician care professionals play a limited role during case discussions in MDTMs. Neither do they actively participate in the decision-making process. Barriers perceived by non-physician care professionals are classified on two main levels: 1) team-related barriers (factors internally related to the team) and 2) external barriers (factors related to healthcare management and policy). A group of non-physician care professionals also belief that their information does not add value in the decision-making proces and as such, they underestimate their own role in MDTMs. To conclude, a change of culture is needed towards an interdisciplinary collaboration in which knowledge and expertise of different professions are equally assimilated into an integrated perspective to guarantee a true patient-centred approach for cancer MDTMs.

The Audiologist's Role in Advocacy.

Healthcare policy decisions that affect the day-to-day work of an audiologist and his/her ability to best serve our patients occur every day. It is imperative that every professional participate in advocacy efforts; however, many audiologists are unfamiliar with current advocacy initiatives, how to participate, or how critical one phone call, email, or meeting could be in the legislative process.

Lessons learned in allergy and immunology training: a survey analysis

BackgroundThere is currently little Canadian data to assess how well traditional time-based residency training programs have prepared residents for careers in Clinical Immunology and Allergy (CIA). This study aims to identify the perceived preparedness of residents in various areas of practice upon the completion of a Canadian CIA residency training program.MethodsIn the summer of 2020, an electronic survey was sent to 2018 and 2019 graduates of Canadian CIA training programs by the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (CSACI).ResultsFormer residents felt well prepared in most Medical Expert areas. Residents felt less prepared for the intrinsic roles of Leader, Communicator, Collaborator, Health Advocate, Scholar, and Professional. The majority of the intrinsic competencies were learned through mentorship and on the job after finishing training.ConclusionsUpon completion of training, Canadian CIA residents felt well prepared for many competencies, particularly in Medical Expert areas. Training programs may wish to focus on various intrinsic competencies in order to better prepare residents for transition to practice. Academic half-day was not identified as a primary learning centre for intrinsic competencies, suggesting that new teaching strategies may be required.

Association of Condom Use Advocacy with Perceived Condom Use Among Social Network Members: The Mediating Role of Advocates' Internalized HIV Stigma and Own Condom Use.

We examined the association of HIV prevention advocacy with social network members (alters) on alter condom use behavior, and factors that may mediate and moderate this relationship, among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Uganda. Ninety PLWH completed all assessments (baseline and 5- and 8-month follow-ups). Internalized HIV stigma, HIV disclosure self-efficacy, positive living behavior (i.e., condom use), and advocacy self-efficacy were examined as mediators (at 5-month follow-up) of the association between condom use advocacy and perceived alter condom use. Individual socio-demographic and social network characteristics at baseline were examined as moderators. Among alters who received condom use advocacy in the months prior to both baseline and 5-month follow-up, 69.9% (51/73) were perceived to mostly/always use condoms at either the 5- or 8-month follow-up, which was significantly higher than the 36.4% (235/645) of alters who received none or less advocacy. Participants' internalized HIV stigma and consistent condom use mediated the association of advocacy and perceived consistent condom use among alters; the participant having any secondary education and the alter being male were associated with increased magnitude of the associations between advocacy and alter condom use. These findings highlight the importance of sustained advocacy to promote consistent condom use, and the value of anti-stigma and positive living interventions as mechanisms for enhancing effective advocacy.

Critical Role of Family Member or Patient Advocate of a Patient Admitted to Hospital or LTC

Critical Role of Family Member or Patient Advocate of a Patient Admitted to Hospital or LTC

Black maternal mortality in the media: How journalists cover a deadly racial disparity

Through semi-structured interviews with four women news journalists, this study explores how journalists who specialize in women’s issues and health cover Black maternal mortality. Discussions include the role of advocacy in journalism and the struggle of covering the complex, long-standing systemic issue of maternal mortality associated with race in American society. Six themes consider the inclusion of race in healthcare coverage, a need for in-depth, nuanced coverage, the role of advocacy in journalism, complications of reporting on race, the importance of citing sources of color, and celebrity influence. Findings show the need for media advocacy in public health crises, and how journalistic norms can pressure journalists into citing inappropriate sources or diluting the story.

The Third Mission of Health Faculties, Departments, and Schools: A Role in Society beyond Education and Research

Universities are increasingly playing roles in society beyond education and research, often referred to as a third mission. As such, there are debates within universities about their relationship with society, their desired impact in society, society’s expectations of the institution, and how they can be more accountable to society. This study explored the role that health faculties, departments, and schools play in society, beyond the education of health professionals and conducting health-related research. The Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Nursing, and Department of Physical Therapy at the University of British Columbia (UBC) provided a comparative case study to explore the relationship between a university’s health units and society. A critical discourse analysis of strategic plans and interview data from leaders within each unit revealed an advocacy role that was operationalized similarly and differently across the three units. This advocacy role was grounded in a perceived social contract to meet the health needs of the population they serve, improve the health and well-being of society, and address systemic inequities. This paper explores unique facets of health faculties, departments, and schools within universities that enable them to engage in policy advocacy toward these aims.

The role pressures for SENCos as managers, leaders and advocates in the Covid-19 pandemic and implications for inclusive education

This paper aims to provide a literature-based consideration of the role of the Special Needs Educational Coordinator (SENCo) in England during COVID-19 pandemic conditions of school lockdown and partial reopening for children classified as vulnerable. The review indicates that the pressures and tensions already experienced by SENCos (around time, workload, status, and their prescribed dichotomised managerial and strategic role) were intensified under pandemic conditions, risking inadequate or delayed provision for children and young people with special educational needs and disabilities. The review also considers research prompted by related concerns around the exclusion or marginalisation of this group of students, through legal and illegal practices, during and following national lockdown. It had been suggested that the risk of exclusion might increase at this time, thus highlighting the advocacy role of SENCos, and small-scale research did report a lack of involvement of SENCos in strategic crisis planning at school level. It is concluded that an advocacy role for students with special educational needs and disabilities who were at risk of becoming increasingly marginalised within school and wider communities during the COVID-19 pandemic should now be considered as central to the SENCos’ remit.

The Role of Attorney Speech and Advocacy in the Subversion &amp;amp; Protection of Constitutional Governance

The Role of Attorney Speech and Advocacy in the Subversion &amp;amp; Protection of Constitutional Governance

The role of patient advocacy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: The 25-year journey of the HCMA.

Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy have clinical, logistical, and emotional needs that had previously lacked attention and a coordinated approach. The United States-based HCMA recognized Center of Excellence model coupled with strong patient education, support and advocacy services can serve as a model for other nations. Patients benefit from peer support and high-volume HCM care.

Toward ‘seeing’ critically: a Bayesian analysis of the impacts of a critical pedagogy

Critical reflection supports enactment of the social roles of care, like collaboration and advocacy. We require evidence that links critical teaching approaches to future critically reflective practice. We thus asked: does a theory-informed approach to teaching critical reflection influence what learners talk about (i.e. topics of discussion) and how they talk (i.e. whether they talk in critically reflective ways) during subsequent learning experiences? Pre-clinical students (n = 75) were randomized into control and intervention conditions (8 groups each, of up to 5 interprofessional students). Participants completed an online Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) module, followed by either: a SDoH discussion (control) or critically reflective dialogue (intervention). Participants then experienced a common learning session (homecare curriculum and debrief) as outcome assessment, and another similar session one-week later. Blinded coders coded transcripts for what (topics) was said and how (critically reflective or not). We constructed Bayesian regression models for the probability of meaning units (unique utterances) being coded as particular what codes and as critically reflective or not (how). Groups exposed to the intervention were more likely, in a subsequent learning experience, to talk in a critically reflective manner (how) (0.096 [0.04, 0.15]) about similar content (no meaningful differences in what was said). This difference waned at one-week follow up. We showed experimentally that a particular critical pedagogical approach can make learners’ subsequent talk, ways of seeing, more critically reflective even when talking about similar topics. This study offers the field important new options for studying historically challenging-to-evaluate impacts and supports theoretical assertions about the potential of critical pedagogies.

Clustering the engagement of Brazilian nurses in political advocacy.

to analyze the level of nurses' engagement in political advocacy by performing cluster analysis. observational study, with a quantitative approach. A total of 184 nurses working in primary, secondary, and tertiary care in a city in the south of Brazil completed the Policy Advocacy Engagement Scale. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, analysis of variance, and chi2. The Institutional Review Board approved the study. four differentiated clusters were found according to professional experience, level of healthcare complexity, and unit. The cluster analysis revealed that patient advocacy for community-based obtained the highest mean, indicating that political advocacy is effective in organizational environments and that professional qualification favors greater engagement in political advocacy. the results reveal that nurses play an active role in political advocacy, seeking to promote positive changes in health, especially those working in tertiary care, the nurse group that obtained the highest means.

Sources of Misinformation During the COVID Pandemic: The Role of Non-Profit Organizations

In this paper, I review the major sources of misinformation regarding the COVID pandemic, after first reviewing the problem of misformation and public health. In particular, I outline the four major sources of misinformation: social media, government agencies, traditional new outlets, as well as non-profit or non-governmental organizations (NGOs). In my critical review, I find that NGOs hold an key role in countering the problem of misinformation, and I conclude with ways in which NGOs can improve their function in civil society through both correcting misconceptions about their causes (advocacy), as well as provide accurate information to leading experts and donors (development). In particular, I highlight how NGOs serving the needs of immigrants in the United States play key roles in both advocacy and development. I begin with my review of the information ecology in relation to the Covid-19 pandemic.

Nurses as Gifted Artists in Caring: An Analysis of Nursing Care Concept.

Background:Nursing care happens with the artistic presence of the nurse in the care setting. Despite its importance in nursing, yet many ambiguities surround its definition and characteristics. The aim of this study was to analyze the concept of nursing care.Materials and Methods:This concept analysis was conducted using Walker and Avant's approach. An extensive literature search was done in the Medline, CINAHL, Embase and SID databases to find articles published in English between 1988 and 2019. The search keywords were “care”, “nursing care”, “concept”, “concept analysis”, and similar words. According to Walker and Avant's approach, after selecting the concept and determining the aim of analysis, 3742 references were reviewed and 68 articles and 2 books were selected to determine and extract the defining attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of the nursing care concept.Results:The three main defining attributes of the concept were relationship, compassion, and professional action. The antecedents were nurse-related, client-related and environment-related, and the consequences were for nurses, clients and community.Conclusions:The defining attributes, antecedents, and consequences determined in the present study help better understand the concept of nursing care. This study highlights the importance of the communicative, caring, and advocacy roles of nurses and their compassionate professional action in the promotion of individual and community health.