Role In Coordination Research Articles

Embryonic heat conditioning induces paternal heredity of immunological cross- tolerance: coordinative role of CpG DNA methylation and miR-200a regulation

Embryonic heat conditioning induces paternal heredity of immunological cross- tolerance: coordinative role of CpG DNA methylation and miR-200a regulation

A case study of education outreach coordinators in universities in Australia and New Zealand

IntroductionThe significance of STEM outreach in high school–university collaboration is well recognized; however, its ecosystem remains underdeveloped. Despite the criticality of Educational Outreach Coordinators (EOCs) in facilitating sustainable partnerships, their role in high school–university collaboration is underexplored. This study focuses on Queensland, Australia, and the North Island of New Zealand to explore the roles of coordinators who belong to universities.MethodSemi-structured interviews were conducted at four universities in February 2024. The results of four sets of 10 interviews were used to determine the positions and roles of coordinators at universities in charge of educational outreach to high schools, as well as their skills.ResultsAt the universities surveyed, professional coordinators were employed for educational outreach to high schools. The thematic analysis suggested that coordinators are proactively and centrally involved in various processes, such as relationship building, project development, oversight, evaluation, and personnel development. They contribute significantly to the success of these projects through strategic and autonomous management.DiscussionThe actual activities of coordinators of high school–university collaboration as university professionals have not been clarified in previous studies. Examples from the surveyed universities suggest that throughout high school–university collaboration, coordinators, in addition to teachers and learners, hold influence and play a vital role in the educational scene. Despite sample limitations, the findings provide a foundation for further exploration and institutional recognition of EOCs globally.

Role of renal vascular coordinator on access flow dysfunction: A quality improvement initiative on improving patency rate.

A renal vascular coordinator (RVC) is a single point-of-contact allied health professional in the early detection and timely intervention of flow dysfunction. In Khoo Teck Puat Hospital (KTPH), RVC performs access ultrasonography assessment and assists in reviewing direct referrals about dysfunctional arteriovenous fistula (AVF)/arteriovenous graft (AVG) from community dialysis centres and plans for appointments with interventional nephrologists and vascular surgeons. We conducted a prospective study from April 2020 to December 2022 to evaluate the appointment-to-intervention time (AIT) and patency rate (PR) of vascular access interventions. Secondary outcome was the percentage of vascular access loss. Ninety-three patients were referred to the RVC and were offered thrombectomy or angioplasty. Twenty-seven patients were excluded from the analysis (did not require intervention (9), admitted without RVC assessment (13), defaulted (4), or bypassed an RVC appointment to their first intervention (1)). The median time from referral to their first RVC visit was 4 (3-6) days. The median AIT for the RVC group was 6 (3-11) days (21.5% within 48 h). The median AIT for the non-RVC group was 6 (2.3-12.8) days (25.5% within 48 h, p = 1.0). The 6-month and 12-month post-intervention PR was 71% and 61.3%, respectively. Fifty-one of the remaining ninety-three patients had previous procedures done to their AVF before April 2020 without RVC involvement. The 6-month and 12-month post-intervention PR was 51% (p < 0.016) and 15.7% (p < 0.00001), respectively. The percentage of vascular access loss was similar in both RVC and non-RVC groups (4.3% vs 2%, p = 0.44). With the addition of RVC, vascular access outcome is improved with longer PR for up to 12 months, with no difference in AIT and number of vascular access losses.

Engagement in Collaborative Care: The Critical Role of Care Coordinators in Addressing Racial-Ethnic Barriers

Engagement in Collaborative Care: The Critical Role of Care Coordinators in Addressing Racial-Ethnic Barriers

Multi-tasking costs in triple-task performance despite dual-task preparation.

This study explores multi-tasking by examining the effects of transitioning from dual-task to triple-task scenarios. Our research extends beyond conventional dual-task paradigms to investigate the impact of triple-task performance on two participant groups: those unprepared in single, dual, or triple tasks (N = 14) and those previously prepared in single and dual tasks (N = 13). The study consisted of a preparation phase with nine sessions and an assessment phase with eight sessions. In the assessment phase, both groups performed single, dual, and triple tasks of varying complexity (simple, medium, and complex). Despite the initial advantage observed in the prepared group, this advantage diminished throughout the sessions. Notably, both groups adopted distinct strategies for processing within the triple task, revealing the influence of task coordination on response times as the task set combinations expanded. The study demonstrates that preparation in the form of pre-training can facilitate applying skills acquired from specific tasks to others, with the formation of specific task pair sets playing a pivotal role in processing and coordination. Despite extensive preparation, the persistence of multi-tasking costs challenges traditional assumptions about eliminating such costs through practice. In conclusion, our research contributes to the current understanding of multi-tasking by highlighting the need for further exploration into inter(sub)task coordination and prioritization in multiple-task scenarios. The study underscores the complexities inherent in managing triple tasks and individuals' potential strategies. The findings suggest that ongoing refinement of cognitive models from dual tasks is necessary to accommodate multi-tasking behaviors in more complex environments.

Role of the Veterans Health Administration's LGBTQ+ Veteran Care Coordinators in Facilitating Care for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Veterans.

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals frequently encounter discrimination in health care settings. The Veterans Health Administration (VA) is committed to addressing the health disparities experienced by TGD veterans. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of TGD veterans with LGBTQ+ veteran care coordinators. The authors conducted semi-structured interviews with TGD veterans with depression between January and March 2022. Participants were recruited with assistance from the VA's network of LGBTQ+ veteran care coordinators. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed. Twenty-six TGD veterans participated in the study, with a range of experiences, both positive and negative, with LGBTQ+ veteran care coordinators. Veterans spoke of the role of coordinators in educating both patients and clinicians about TGD health care needs. Participants who expressed dissatisfaction with their coordinators highlighted the need for a clearer definition and communication of coordinator duties. This study highlights the important roles played by the VA LGBTQ+ care coordinators in addressing the needs of TGD veterans. The study also points to an immense need for clinician education in TGD care. Further training and education are recommended to improve equitable care for TGD veterans.

Nurse Specialist in the Organ and Tissue Donation Process with Coordination Role: A Scoping Review

Background/Objectives: In recent years, the introduction of specialist nurses, such as donation coordinator nurses, has been proposed as a potentially effective strategy to increase the number of donations and improve the quality of the process. However, experiences in this field are still limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the inclusion of this professional in health systems, both in quantitative and qualitative terms. Methods: A scoping review was performed. Studies published from 1990 to 2024 were included regardless of the study design. The bibliographic search was performed on the databases MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycInfo and on the search engines EBSCOhost, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The search strings included keywords such as organ donation, transplant, procurement, and nursing role. The extraction and selection of articles were conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and with the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute for scoping reviews. The protocol study was prospectively registered with the Open Science Framework database on 3 December 2023, with registration number osf.io/wzxr3. Results: From the included studies, it emerged that the involvement of a nurse coordinator in the donation process is significantly associated with an increase in the number of organ donors and higher rates of family consent to donation. Additionally, the studies highlighted enhanced effectiveness in identifying potential donors and improvements in the training and preparedness of healthcare staff. Conclusions: The nurse coordinator in the donation process can have positive effects both on the management of the process and on the increase in the number of organ and tissue donations.

Dual DNA replication modes: varying fork speeds and initiation rates within the spatial replication program in Xenopus.

Large vertebrate genomes duplicate by activating tens of thousands of DNA replication origins, irregularly spaced along the genome. The spatial and temporal regulation of the replication process is not yet fully understood. To investigate the DNA replication dynamics, we developed a methodology called RepliCorr, which uses the spatial correlation between replication patterns observed on stretched single-molecule DNA obtained by either DNA combing or high-throughput optical mapping. The analysis revealed two independent spatiotemporal processes that regulate the replication dynamics in the Xenopus model system. These mechanisms are referred to as a fast and a slow replication mode, differing by their opposite replication fork speed and rate of origin firing. We found that Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) depletion abolished the spatial separation of these two replication modes. In contrast, neither replication checkpoint inhibition nor Rap1-interacting factor (Rif1) depletion affected the distribution of these replication patterns. These results suggest that Plk1 plays an essential role in the local coordination of the spatial replication program and the initiation-elongation coupling along the chromosomes in Xenopus, ensuring the timely completion of the S phase.

A Biopsychosocial Overview of Speech Disorders: Neuroanatomical, Genetic, and Environmental Insights.

Speech disorders encompass a complex interplay of neuroanatomical, genetic, and environmental factors affecting individuals' communication ability. This review synthesizes current insights into the neuroanatomy, genetic underpinnings, and environmental influences contributing to speech disorders. Neuroanatomical structures, such as Broca's area, Wernicke's area, the arcuate fasciculus, and basal ganglia, along with their connectivity, play critical roles in speech production, comprehension, and motor coordination. Advances in the understanding of intricate brain networks involved in language offer insights into typical speech development and the pathophysiology of speech disorders. Genetic studies have identified key genes involved in neural migration and synaptic connectivity, further elucidating the role of genetic mutations in speech disorders, such as stuttering and speech sound disorders. Beyond the biological mechanisms, this review explores the profound impact of psychological factors, including anxiety, depression, and neurodevelopmental conditions, on individuals with speech disorders. Psychosocial comorbidities often exacerbate speech disorders, complicating diagnosis and treatment and underscoring the need for a holistic approach to managing these conditions. Future directions point toward leveraging genetic testing, digital technologies, and personalized therapies, alongside addressing the psychosocial dimensions, to improve outcomes for individuals with speech disorders. This comprehensive overview aims to inform future research and therapeutic advancements, particularly in treating fluency disorders like stuttering.

A singular theory of sensorimotor coordination: On targeted motions in space.

Gravity has long been purported to serve a unique role in sensorimotor coordination, but the specific mechanisms underlying gravity-based visuomotor realignment remain elusive. In this study, astronauts (9 males, 2 females) performed targeted hand movements with eyes open or closed, both on the ground and in weightlessness. Measurements revealed systematic drift in hand-path orientation seen only when eyes were closed and only in very specific conditions with respect to gravity. In weightlessness, drift in path orientation was observed in two postures (seated, supine) for two different movement axes (longitudinal, sagittal); on Earth, such drift was only observed during longitudinal (horizontal) movements performed in the supine posture. In addition to providing clear evidence that gravitational cues play a fundamental role in sensorimotor coordination, these unique observations lead us to propose an "inverted pendulum" hypothesis to explain the saliency of the gravity vector for eye-hand coordination - and why eye-hand coordination is altered during body tilt or in weightlessness.Significance statement In an experiment performed with astronauts, we made an unexpected observation that bears upon the fundamental question of gravity's role in aligning visuomotor reference frames. Measurements of targeted motions performed on the ground and in weightlessness revealed systematic drift in path orientation seen only in very specific conditions. These unique observations lead us to propose an "inverted pendulum" hypothesis to explain the saliency of the gravity vector for sensorimotor coordination.

Piano sight-reading teaching and music education: A systematic literature review

Piano sight-reading competency, which is highly important for an aspiring musician who needs to face diverse musical problems, is an integral part of becoming a smooth performer. The aims of this systematic literature review concerning piano sight-reading pedagogy approaches between 2019 and 2024 are to determine the strengths and weaknesses of the peer-reviewed literature. The article examines cognitive, behavioral, and technological methods and tools of enhancing learning outcomes, based on the concept of cognitive load, constructivism, and behaviorist perspective. The cognitive strategies highlight the role of hand-eye coordination, short-term memory, and visual process; while the behavioral ones emphasize the importance of daily practice and feedback from the teacher. Emerging technologies, like VR and AI-driven platforms, are redefining education and offering unique ways of learning and forgetting. While achievements of the past are notable, challenges such as access and efficacious long-term approaches remain. The next step of research should be to focus on sustainable teaching methods and international perspectives to achieve homogeneous and effective sight-reading teaching worldwide. This essay provides an overview of integrated and adaptable teaching strategies that combine both traditional and modern tools for the development of versatile and confident musicians’ skills.

Free‐Space Diffraction and Interference in a Transformed Frame

ABSTRACTFor free propagation from a focus, the Hermite–Gauss wave functions of optics spread in space. In quantum mechanics, the Hermite–Gauss functions are referred to as the harmonic oscillator eigenfunctions. These functions are used here to describe the interference of wave packets. It has been shown that when transformed to a frame moving with the normal to the wave front trajectories, the Hermite–Gauss functions are constant up to a phase factor which is the Gouy phase. The Gouy phase itself assumes the role of proper space or time coordinate. Along the whole of such a trajectory, the space wave function is proportional to the wave number or momentum function. An arbitrary normalizable wave packet can be expanded using the Hermite–Gauss functions as a basis. As example, it is shown that in the transformed frame, a displaced Gaussian does not spread but rather becomes a coherent state. This allows a particularly simple representation of the Young's interference pattern from two or more slits.

An interactive role-based strategy to enhance EFL learners’ speaking performance

This qualitative case study explores educators’ competencies, group activities, roles group division, and students’ perceptions of roles-based engagement in interactive online discussions to enhance English as a Foreign Language (EFL) speaking skills. The study employs semi-structured interviews with 28 students and one educator, complemented by online observations of focus group discussions, field notes, and a review of relevant literature to collect data. The findings reveal that the educator demonstrated three core interaction competencies, which facilitated effective group activities. These activities supported speaking skills through peer grammar repetition and pronunciation correction, cognitive development through critical analysis and opinion confirmation, and social interaction through praising group accomplishments and problem-solving. The participants’ ability to recall and coordinate roles and responsibilities also enhanced their interactive skills. The results highlight that roles-based group division fosters a supportive and collaborative environment, encouraging active participation and improving EFL speaking performance. This study concludes by emphasizing the importance of structured group roles in promoting interactive discussions and recommends further research on role-based strategies, technology-assisted learning, and fluency-oriented speaking tasks in EFL settings.

Selective oxidation of active site aromatic residues in engineered Cu proteins.

Recent studies have revealed critical roles for the local environments surrounding metallocofactors, such as the newly identified CuD site in particulate methane monooxygenases (pMMOs) and the second sphere aromatic residues in lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), implicated in the protection against oxidative damage. However, these features are subjects of continued debate. Our work utilizes biotin-streptavidin (Sav) technology to develop artificial metalloproteins (ArMs) that mimic the active sites of natural copper metalloenzymes. By engineering ArMs with aromatic residues within their secondary coordination spheres, we systematically investigate the influence of these residues on Cu reactivity and oxidant activation. We demonstrate that the placement and orientation of tyrosine relative to the Cu cofactor critically affect the oxidation outcomes upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide. A key finding is the interplay between the coordination of an active site asparagine and the incorporation of aromatic residues proximal to the artificial Cu cofactor, which are the only variants where oxidation of an engineered residues is observed. These findings underscore the importance of the secondary coordination sphere in modulating Cu center reactivity, suggest a role for amide coordination in C-H bond activation by pMMOs, and potential inactivation pathways in natural copper enzymes like LPMOs.

Mitochondrial regulation of obesity by POMC neurons.

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons, nestled in the hypothalamus, play a pivotal role in the intricate coordination of energy homeostasis and metabolic pathways. These neurons' mitochondria, often hailed as the cell's powerhouses, are crucial for maintaining cellular energy equilibrium and metabolic functionality. Recent research has illuminated the complex interplay between mitochondrial dynamics and POMC neuronal activity, underscoring their critical involvement in the pathogenesis of a spectrum of metabolic disorders, notably obesity and diabetes. This comprehensive review delves into the molecular mechanisms that underlie how mitochondrial function within POMC neurons modulates metabolic regulation. We dissect the impact of mitochondrial dynamics, encompassing fusion, fission, mitophagy, and biogenesis, on the regulation of POMC neuronal activity. Furthermore, we scrutinize the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in POMC neurons in the etiology of obesity, identifying key therapeutic targets within these pathways. We offer an in-depth perspective on the indispensable role of POMC neuronal mitochondria in metabolic regulation and chart future research directions to bridge the existing knowledge gaps in this field.

A zirconocene triazenido hydride complex activates CO2.

Starting from the alkyne complex Cp2Zr(py)(η2-Me3SiC2SiMe3) (Cp = η5-cyclopentadienyl, py = pyridine), the synthesis and complete characterisation of a zirconocene(IV) triazenido hydride complex and its use in the activation of small molecules is reported. The reaction with CO2 led to the formation of a zirconocene(IV) triazenido-formate complex, which was further investigated for its stability towards different bases with respect to the formation of formic acid. The experimentally observed reaction pathway was investigated computationally using DFT methods, revealing the favourable role of pyridine coordination in the hydrogen transfer from the triazene to the alkyne unit of the zirconocene reagent.

Insights into the role of iron coordination in the enhanced photoactivity of MAPbI3/iron oxide heterojunctions

Iron oxide-based heterojunctions have garnered widespread interest in the field of photocatalysis due to their outstanding photoelectric properties.

The role and function of government and non-government organizations in the development of permanent housing for disaster-affected communities in Cianjur Regency

This study investigates the roles of government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in constructing permanent housing for disaster-affected communities in Cianjur Regency following the November 2022 earthquake. Employing a qualitative methodology, the research utilizes in-depth interviews and field observations involving local governments, NGOs, and disaster survivors. The findings highlight the government’s central role in policy formulation, budget allocation, and coordination of housing development, while NGOs contribute through community empowerment, logistical support, and ensuring participatory planning. Challenges in collaboration, such as differing objectives and resource constraints, underscore the need for enhanced synergy. The study concludes that effective partnerships among the government, NGOs, and the community can expedite the development of sustainable, safe housing tailored to local needs. Emphasis on community empowerment and integrated resource management enhances resilience to future disasters. Success hinges on strong coordination, proactive challenge management, and inclusive stakeholder engagement throughout the recovery process.

Responsibilities of Special Education Teachers in Inclusive Education

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to look at the responsibilities of special education teachers within Poland’s mainstream education system, while situating them within a broader comparative framework – specifically by examining the established role of Special Educational Needs Coordinators (SENCo) in the British educational context. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The study deals with the issue of identifying the optimal range of responsibilities for the newly created role of special education teachers in Polish mainstream schools and preschools. These tasks are designed to meet the diverse needs of all children and students within these inclusive environments. To investigate this issue, the research employs a content analysis of relevant legal documents and conducts a comprehensive review of existing studies on the subject. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: At the heart of this study is a comparative analysis of the duties of special education teachers in Poland’s mainstream education system, as codified in legal statutes, and those of their counterparts in the British system, particularly the SENCo role. Moreover, the study examines the responsibilities envisioned for the role of Inclusive Education Coordinators as outlined in the Model of Education for All framework. RESEARCH RESULTS: The findings indicate that the duties assigned to special education teachers in Polish mainstream institutions are significantly broader in scope than those associated with SENCo in the British system. CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: Given that the role of special education teachers was only introduced in the previous academic year, there remains a significant gap in research on the actual implementation and efficacy of this position. One of the primary recommendations is to undertake more in-depth studies, with the potential to draw on the typologies of SENCo roles outlined in this paper to inform future research on the subject.

Appendicitis in Pregnancy: An Updated Review for Healthcare Professionals and The Main Roles of Emergency Professionals

Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common non-obstetric surgical condition during pregnancy, requiring prompt diagnosis and management to prevent complications such as perforation, peritonitis, and preterm labor. Diagnosing appendicitis in pregnancy is challenging due to physiological changes, including displacement of the appendix and overlapping symptoms with pregnancy-related conditions. Imaging techniques like ultrasound and MRI are preferred to minimize fetal radiation exposure, and surgical intervention, particularly laparoscopic appendectomy, is the primary treatment. Aim: This review aims to provide an updated overview of the diagnosis, management, and treatment of acute appendicitis in pregnant patients, emphasizing the roles of emergency professionals in ensuring timely and effective care. Methods: The review synthesizes current literature on the etiology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, and diagnostic challenges of acute appendicitis in pregnancy. It evaluates the roles of clinical assessment, laboratory testing, and imaging modalities, including ultrasound, CT, and MRI. The review also discusses surgical and nonsurgical management strategies, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, surgeons, and anesthesiologists. Results: Acute appendicitis in pregnancy presents atypically due to anatomical and physiological changes, complicating diagnosis. Ultrasound and MRI are safe and effective imaging tools, while laparoscopic appendectomy is the preferred surgical approach, though open surgery may be necessary in advanced pregnancy. Delayed diagnosis increases the risk of complications, including perforation and preterm labor. A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimizing maternal and fetal outcomes. Conclusion: Timely diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis in pregnancy are critical to minimizing risks to both mother and fetus. Emergency professionals play a pivotal role in early recognition, diagnostic imaging, and coordination of care. A multidisciplinary approach, combined with appropriate imaging and surgical intervention, ensures optimal outcomes