Ethnic Rohingya Research Articles

Juridical Analysis of Protection of the Rights of Indonesian Citizens & Ethnic Rohingya Refugees in Indonesia: A Meta-Analysis Based on Humanitarian and Security Aspects

Juridical Analysis of Protection of the Rights of Indonesian Citizens & Ethnic Rohingya Refugees in Indonesia: A Meta-Analysis Based on Humanitarian and Security Aspects

Exploring International Legal Challenges For Unhcr In Dealing With Rohingya Refugees In Aceh, Indonesia

The difficulties the UNHCR has managing Rohingya refugees in Indonesia are the main topic of this article. This article focuses on the challenges faced by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in managing Rohingya refugees in Indonesia. As the primary international agency tasked with refugee management globally, the UNHCR plays a crucial role in preventing statelessness, determining refugee status, and providing comprehensive remedies. However, the study reveals that despite receiving approval from the Indonesian government to operate, the UNHCR encounters difficulties in fulfilling its mandate to assist Indonesia's ethnic Rohingya refugees. This limitation is attributed to the escalating number of asylum seekers in Indonesia requiring aid. The research utilizes content analysis to delve into UNHCR's struggles with Rohingya refugees, gathering and analyzing various sources such as reports, studies, news, and policies related to Rohingya refugees in Aceh. Through this method, the study uncovers patterns and challenges encountered by the UNHCR, including managing crises and navigating international and local cooperation. Ultimately, this research provides a detailed understanding of the complexities surrounding the Rohingya refugee crisis in Aceh.

Seroprevalence of dengue and chikungunya viruses among urban refugees in Klang Valley, Malaysia.

Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, with Malaysia's Klang Valley experiencing numerous outbreaks in densely populated urban areas. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-dengue and anti-chikungunya antibodies among urban refugees in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, and identify associated risk factors. High seroprevalence of anti-dengue immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM (60.0% [confidence interval {CI} 55.39 to 64.48] and 9.2% [CI 6.77 to 12.25], respectively) were observed among refugees >18years of age (χ22=11.720, p=0.003), Kachin ethnicity (χ28=72.253, p<0.001), without formal education (χ21=3.856, p=0.050), homes near waste disposal sites (χ21=10.378, p=0.001) and refugees who have experienced flooding (χ21=5.460, p=0.019). Meanwhile, the overall seroprevalence of anti-chikungunya IgG and IgM was 9.7% (CI 7.15 to 12.73) and 10.8% (CI 8.09 to 13.93), respectively, with ages 12-18years (χ22=6.075, p=0.048), Rohingya ethnicity (χ28=31.631, p<0.001) and homes close to waste disposal sites (χ21=3.912, p=0.048) being significant risk factors. Results showed a link to poor environmental living conditions, with an increase in the vector population with higher availability of breeding sites and thus exposure to dengue and chikungunya virus. Health education among the community is the key to disease prevention, as there are no specific antiviral drugs for treatment and limited vaccine availability.

Double Standards in International Legal Politics in the Settlement of Violations of Human Rights to the Rohingya Ethnic

This article aims to identify the resolution of gross human rights violations against the Rohingya ethnic group who have been discriminated of the Myanmar Military Junta Government. The international community and political response are giving pressure and criticism about upheaval against the settlement of violations against the Rohingya. The Myanmar government rejection of accusations of gross human rights violations can be seen from the international double standards towards the settlement of the Rohingya case. This article uses the library research method, and critical analysis to understand the settlement of human rights violations against the Rohingya. The conclusion is Discrimination against this ethnic can be considered by international human rights law as a gross violation of human rights, even though Myanmar has legal arrangements for protecting human rights in force in its country. International human rights law as a political instrument has powerful in efforts to create quality international policy products including guaranteeing the implementation of respect for human rights in the world through the role of international institutions as guardians in the process of enforcing human rights violations committed by a country through various strategic steps both repressive, preventive and curative. Discrimination against the Rohingya can be seen in the application of double standards by several countries such as the Western block countries, where they seem to keep quiet about these human rights violations.

Rohingya: a Neglected Ethnic, Potential for Nation Development in Myanmar

There has been discrimination against the human rights of the Rohingya ethnic minority in Myanmar. There have been a number of attempts by the incumbent regime to remove their citizenship status in Myanmar. The world community; caring countries; non-state and other international organizations that are pro-humanity reacted strongly. However, the regime in power did not ignore it, even closed itself off from various responses from various parties and still did not recognize the citizenship status of the Rohingya ethnicity. The question is, why does the ruling regime insist on not recognizing the citizenship status of the Rohingya? Why do regional and international organizations respond to discrimination against the Rohingya?; What ideas are offered to make “ethnicity” a capital for nation building?. The research uses qualitative methods with literature study, sourced from secondary data from documentation and literature. The finding is that the Rohingya ethnic citizenship status that is not recognized can perpetuate the domination of the military regime's power in Myanmar. The international response to discrimination in Myanmar is a form of concern for ensuring the upholding of the pillars of democracy, global security, international law and human rights in Myanmar. A new ideology is needed for tomorrow's generation in order to change the "ethnic faction" into the nation's "development energy"

Legal Protection of Rohingya Citizens Related to The Conflict in Myanmar

There are many crimes against humanity cases that occurred in the world. One of them is happened in Myanmar, which is Rohingya ethnic conflict. Rohingya ethnic conflict is an issue based on discrimination to Rohingya ethnic because there are some differences at ethnic and religion. Ethnic Rohingya is not recognized by Myanmar and not granted a status of citizenship Based on Myanmar Citizenship Law (Burma Citizenship Law 1982). This research was conducted to find out how the legal forms to Rohingya citizens based on international law. This methodology is a normative legal research that uses statutes, case, fact approaches. The research found that the role of UNHCR in handling Rohingya cases has been mandated by the United Nations and in accordance with UNHCR Statute. UNHCR plays an important role in addressing the issue of Rohingya case, at leas as initiator, facilitator, conciliator, and determination. Such roles were taken to resolve the conflict that face by Rohingya ethnic, like provide protection, safety, and facilitate every Rohingyas refugees needs. In addition to the role of UNHCR, some countries such as Indonesia, Thailand and Canada also provided some arrangement in addressing the issue of Rohingya.

Ethnicity and Conflict: Understanding Rohingya Issue in Myanmar

The terms'Ethnicity' and 'conflict' are often correlated when discussing the conflicts within any nation's boundaries. Most likely, the state of Myanmar and the conflict with the Rohingya are one of the recent examples. This study intends to investigate how the ethnic identity of the Rohingya people manifested itself as strife in Myanmar society. Two questions: Firstly, why has Rohingya ethnicity become a question of "belongingness"? Secondly, howis ethnic identity entwined with politics and becomes a cultural threat?

Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia Era Presiden Jokowi Dalam Penyelesaian Krisis Kemanusiaan Di Rohingya Tahun 2014-2019

This thesis aims to analyze Indonesia's foreign policy in the era of President Jokowi in resolving the humanitarian crisis in the Rohingya from 2014 to 2019. This research is based on the ethnic conflict that occurred in Myanmar, namely between the Rohingya ethnicity who is predominantly Muslim and the Rakhine ethnic Buddhist. does not recognize the population of the Rohingya minority living in Rakhine as citizens of Myanmar because they do not have a clear identity and are considered refugees. This problem has been going on for years because the problem is very complex. This research was written using qualitative descriptive writing techniques, and the data obtained were not directly from the object of the field research. Researchers get data from existing literature such as books, journals, articles, news. By using the perspective of Kegley and Wittkopf that in making foreign policy using the rational choice model, there are four steps that must be followed by policy makers, namely Problem Recognition and Definition, Goal Selection, Identification of Alternatives, and Choice. The result of this research is that the Government of Indonesia takes a decision which considers the costs and benefits of the national interest. In the end, Indonesia adopted a policy of providing humanitarian assistance, a policy of assistance to refugees, a policy of carrying out Indonesia's bilateral diplomacy towards Myanmar.

IMPLEMENTASI HAL ASASI MANUSIA INTERNASIONAL DALAM PEMENUHAN ASAS MEMBERSHIP OLEH MYANMAR KEPADA ETNIS ROHINGYA

The state is obliged to ensure that every citizen gets basic rights, however, in practice the state can fail to fulfill the basic rights of citizens. In Myanmar, cases of human rights violations have occurred for years, namely cases of human rights violations against the Rohingya. Current developments, the Rohingya are still in refugee camps in Bangladesh, because the Myanmar government has not given a sign to accept the Rohingyas back. The research methodology used is qualitative observation with a literature study approach. The observations used in our research use natural setting theory which aims to explore and explore in depth a meaning or problem. During the time the researcher made observations, the research understood and rewrote material related to important and interesting events or phenomena in the context of our group's research. The Rohingya group experienced discrimination from the government and civil society of Myanmar, namely in the form of restrictions on the right to marry and have children, not providing birth certificates, to destroying school buildings as well as mosques and prayer rooms. Myanmar also has the 1982 Citizenship Act to revoke Rohingya citizenship. Myanmar fulfills two important elements in the Internationally Wrongful Act, namely violations of international obligations and these actions can be attributed to Myanmar. The first settlement effort is through the establishment of the International Criminal Court to reconcile human rights violations. Second, efforts to determine the fate of the Rohingya ethnicity in terms of international law, researchers propose that Myanmar provide a membership principle, so that they gain access to education, the economy, and health or the Myanmar government can provide options for the Rohingya ethnic group to continue to join on condition that they are granted special autonomy or grant independence in a voluntary manner. absolute to them.

Forced Rohingya Migration: as Challenge for Global Government and Islamic Organization in Giving Resolution

This research discusses how Islamic perspective and the global regime with the United Nations of the High Commission for Refugee (UNHCR) as an international organization responsible for global refugees can give solution and handle victims of forced migration experienced by ethnic Muslim Rohingya, so a question for this research is “What are Global Government and Islamic Organization on providing solutions to Rohingya forced migration in the International World?”. This is based on the ethnic cleansing efforts carried out by unscrupulous Buddhists as Myanmar community majority against Rohingya Muslim minority ethnic groups who are in Rakhine State. The ethnic cleansing efforts undertaken by ethnic Buddhists against Muslim ethnicity have become the spotlight for the international world which is a violation of human rights that occurred in it and questioned the state's responsibility in handling the case. UNHCR as an international organization responsible for refugees has a difficult task in carrying out their duties due to the increasing number of global migration crises. Forced Migration is one of the victims of human rights violations which is strictly prohibited in Islamic teachings. Human rights violations are prohibited by Islam because they take away some of the rights that should be possessed by each individual. In this case, how then Islam and the global regime provide a solution to the forced migration experienced by ethnic Rohingya Muslims. In this research, qualitative research used by library studies to identify the problem in this paper, and also human security as theoretical framework to look how the world give solutions for Rohingya migrations. From this research, global government (UNHCR) and Islamic organization look that Rohingya migrations are the forced migration which need asylum for their life, so global government give them identity for surviving.

The Role of Indonesian Diplomacy in Managing the Conflict between The Myanmar Government and The Rohingya Muslim Ethnic

The Rohingya population after Myanmar's independence has experienced a continuous decline this is due to several actions ranging from deportation to killings, until now only a few Rohingya Muslims remain in Rakhine. Basically, the conflict between the Rohingya and Rakhine is more about race than religion. The United Nations (UN) said that the Rohingya are the most oppressed ethnic group in the world. The purposes of this research are beside to analyze the role of Indonesian diplomacy in overcoming the conflict between the Rohingya Muslim Ethnic and the Myanmar Government, it also analyze the Indonesian government effort on Rohingnya case in the perspective International Law. The diplomatic strategy carried out by Indonesia in the issue of the Rohingya ethnic conflict with the Myanmar government, namely the submission of a humanitarian proposition and the proposed equation 4 + 1 for the Rohingya community in the future. Then, Indonesia also used the OIC as the largest international Islamic organization to pressure and urge Myanmar to immediately resolve the violence against the Rohingya. Lastly, diplomacy in the form of providing strategic assistance to the Rohingya ethnicity and participation of the Indonesian people in voicing the resolution of the conflict in Myanmar with the mass media.

The Politics of Rohingya Ethnicity: Understanding the Debates on Rohingya in Myanmar

The Myanmar (Burmese) government has imposed denationalising policies on the Rohingya Muslim population. This paper argues that the Rohingya are an ethnic group of Burma who have been living in Burma since the eighth century AD. The article confirms an understanding of Rohingya ethnicity. This study is based on primary data from expert in-depth interview and available literature. The paper examines the government’s stand about ethnic cleansing and analyses the contested arguments of Rohingya existence in the Rakhine state of Myanmar. The evidence points to the Rohingya being an ethnic group with an established culture, distinct language, traditions and history, settled in Arakan.

ROHINGYA REFUGEES IN INDONESIA: THE DYNAMICS OF STATELESSNESS AND THE VIEWS OF LOCAL PEOPLE

Rohingya refugees who are experiencing a crisis due to the genocide in Myanmar have attracted international attention. The existence of the Rohinghya as an ethno-religious minority group was officially discriminated against which led to forced expulsion by the Myanmar government in 1982 with the issuance of the citizenship law which stated that Rohingya citizenship was denied or not recognized as one of the official ethnicities in Myanmar. So, the Rohingya were forced to flee their country to other countries, including Indonesia. This paper aims to determine the dynamics of Rohingya Muslims while in Indonesia. Using qualitative research methods by conducting observations, interviews and data analysis. The results of this study indicate that the Rohingya ethnicity in Indonesia as stateless (without citizenship) undergoes a process of acculturation, marriage with local Indonesian citizens (WNI), and developing survival strategies because some have lived in Indonesia for more than eight years. In conclusion, the Rohingya ethnicity while in Indonesia experienced conditions of uncertainty in their lives because they did not have citizenship status and hoped to be sent to a third country by UNHCR. Indonesian people accept Rohingya Muslims to stay in Indonesia temporarily because there is a common Islamic identity and in the name of humanity.

Myanmar Coup and Connections of International Network Terrorism Affiliate in Transnational Legal View

The international community nowadays currently encountering the most serious problem in the face of terrorism. Today, terrorism has destroyed and disrupted the state process. Universally terrorism is the hostist humani generis (the enemy of all mankind). Today terrorism is directed not only against individuals and groups but towards a larger entity, namely the state, and also creates problems and dangers felt by the international community. The variety of terrorist groups is different, from radical issues to political issues. Myanmar is one of the countries in Southeast Asia, and has one of the areas called Rakhine and there are ethnic Rohingya who inhabits the region. Genocide, discrimination, and racial cleansing are three general issues that exist in myanmar. The Myanmar government accuses being terrorists affiliated with international terrorism established due to the butterfly effect of the three things above. The countries in southeast Asia unite themselves and form an international organization called ASEAN, making protection against terrorism that surrounds the southeast Asian region. Therefore, this article was made to find out the cause and countermeasures of terrorism. This research is a normative qualitative approach with a constructive paradigm with the international law&#x0D;

The Strategy of Indonesian Diplomacy Efforts and National Political Interests in the Ethnic Rohingya Refugee Conflict

The tragedy of ethnic Rohingya stems from the discriminatory treatment experienced decades ago in Myanmar. The lack of attention from the international community and humanitarian aid efforts for the Rohingya ethnic group in Myanmar has resulted in the wave of refugees fleeing from Myanmar to other countries is increasing, causing a sense of insecurity and instability in the region, especially South and Southeast Asia. This article aims to look at Indonesia's diplomacy strategy and Indonesia's national interests in the ASEAN region towards resolving the Rohingya ethnic conflict. This research observes Indonesia's national interest in this issue using a realism approach. The research was conducted using qualitative methods through literature studies and These data are analyzed, then described, or interpreted to obtain a complete picture of the answers to the problems under study. The results of the study found that the Indonesian government used a humanitarian diplomacy strategy as a bridge towards resolving cases of the Rohingya ethnicity in Myanmar. It was also found that Indonesia's interests in resolving Rohingya ethnic refugees have an interest in the security and political aspect, not just morality. Indonesia's humanitarian diplomacy role as a driver of democracy has been well received not only by the junta community but also by the international community.

Responding to the Humanitarian Crisis of the Rohingya in Myanmar: A Comparison between the Role of State and NGOs

The present study discusses the role of NGOs in the efforts of the Indonesian Humanitarian Alliance for Myanmar (AKIM: Aliansi Kemanusian Indonesia Untuk Myanmar) to handle the humanitarian crisis experienced by Ethnic Rohingya groups in Myanmar in 2017. This phenomenon in Myanmar began to draw a lot of attention when the AKIM was able to contribute to the cause even though state actors and IGO attempts were blocked by the Myanmar government. In this case, NGOs were able to play a role outside the traditional structure of modern international relations that was inaccessible to state or international organizations (IGOs) or state governments. This phenomenon indicates that NGOs have more access to attempts to settle the humanitarian crisis being experienced by the ethnic Rohingya groups in Myanmar. This is notable because the Myanmar government has blocked the aid of other countries and IGOs and has denied the assistance offered by the United Nations. The qualitative method was used in this study, employing a case study model to observe the effects that occurred. During data collection researchers, used study documents, and then the data was processed through interpretive analytical techniques to draw conclusions and formulate a model for the study.

ASEAN Non-Intervention Principles: An Alternative Settlement towards Human Rights Violation in Rohingya

The frame of international news is colored with a series of systemic and consistent human rights violation experienced by the Rohingya ethnic group in Burma. Toward this case, it is unlikely for Burma to be willing and to be able to resolve this case internally. Hence, as a regional security and stability guard in the Southeast Asia region, ASEAN should take part in settling human rights violations that occur in its member states. However, every settlement attempted by ASEAN is constantly distracted with Non-Intervention Principles. This research aims to examine the alternative ideas for Non-Intervention Principles of ASEAN as a settlement towards human rights violation on Rohingya ethnic. This research used normative research, based on the secondary data was employed as the research method. The obtained data were analyzed by using qualitative analysis. The research found that the Non-Intervention principle has been applied in ASEAN in the most rigid form. Meanwhile, Humanitarian Assistance and Humanitarian Intervention mechanism is an alternative settlement towards human rights violations on the Rohingya ethnic group in Myanmar

DINAMIKA PARTAI POLITIK DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEBIJAKAN BANTUAN KEMANUSIAAN INDONESIA KE ROHINGYA TAHUN 2017

Indonesia is the first and only country that can open space for dialogue and access to humanity in the conditions of the humanitarian crisis in 2017. Indonesia's achievements cannot be separated from the domestic pressure that has occurred in Indonesia to pressure the government to take responsive action. The humanitarian crisis is getting worse. and the common identity of the Indonesian Muslim community and the Rohingya. One of the domestic demands was voiced by political parties in Indonesia. This study aims to see how the dynamics that occur in Indonesia in the decision-making of Indonesian humanitarian aid to the Rohingya. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with a literature database supported by policy influencers theory focused on parties’ influences. The findings of this study indicate that political parties in Indonesia are divided into two ideas in responding to the humanitarian crisis problem of the Rohingya ethnicity, some focus on providing humanitarian assistance and some focus on Indonesian firm action against the Myanmar government.

United Nations Security Council Intervention Towards Gross Human Rights Violation of The Rohingya Ethnicity

Abstract&#x0D; Every human being has the rights to be protected from discrimination by any party, especially the act of gross human rights violations. In order to prevent this, the Security Council has a function to secure international peace and security from threats to international peace. One of the case that is becoming an international concern is the human rights violations on Rohingya by Myanmar Military. In its implementation, the UN Security Council can intervene a country known to violate human rights of its people, however the Security Council's intervention caused a controversy that questioned the validity of the intervention by Security Council. Thus, the purpose of this research is to find out whether the situation in Myanmar is valid for the UN Security Council to carry out humanitarian interventions. Accordingly, this research also analyzes legal measures by the UN Security Council in dealing with human rights violations in Myanmar.&#x0D; Keyword: Human Rights, Humanitarian Intervention, Rohingya, UN Security Council

RESPONSE TO REFUGE ISSUES IN INDONESIAN IMMIGRATION LENS IN IMMIGRATION DETENTION HOUSES

The phenomenon of refugees is one of the topics of discussion in the international world. This situation was triggered by the increasing number of refugees scattered in various countries around the world. The existence of refugees is often a special concern for countries that are both transit places and destinations. In Indonesia, tens of thousands of refugees and asylum seekers stop and live. Some of the Arab and African countries and ethnic Rohingya who are hit by armed conflict and acute poverty. They lived for years while waiting for a third country. Their existence is increasingly causing various problems in society. The research uses normative legal research methods with 7 approaches. From the research results, it can be concluded that the presence of refugees in Indonesia has been going on for decades. The refugees entered by land and sea routes to Indonesian territory. Various policies have been taken to deal with the presence of refugees from abroad, one of which is Presidential Regulation Number 125 of 2016 concerning Policies for Handling Refugees from Abroad. However, over time, the refugee status intersected with the status of illegal immigrants contained in the regulation of the Director General of Immigration. This in the future raises various problems related to the handling of refugees in Indonesia.