Robust Research Methodology Research Articles

Paid, Owned and Earned Media Research: A Mixed Review, Reflections and Agendas for Future Research

This study aims to advance the understanding of POEM (paid, owned and earned media) literature through a mixed-review approach, comprising bibliometric and thematic analyses. VOSviewer was used for the bibliometric analysis of 816 articles from the Scopus database, while thematic analysis identified five themes and 17 sub-themes. The major thematic clusters are (a) brand communication and engagement via social media; (b) dynamics of media engagement and marketing strategies; (c) advertising, cross-channel synergy and branding; (d) mediated diplomacy and advertising literacy; and (e) the role of different media types in brand communication. This study presents the current state of research in POEM marketing and provides actionable recommendations for marketing practitioners and policymakers. Practitioners can use these findings to adapt and integrate emerging communication strategies, while policymakers can develop guidelines to enhance marketing practices and regulatory frameworks. Additionally, the study outlines five future research directions: (a) the integration of AI technologies, (b) ethical considerations, (c) cross-media synergy, (d) interdisciplinary approaches and (e) robust research methodologies.

The netball injury evidence base: a scoping review of methodologies and recommendations for future approaches

BackgroundNetball is a sport with a large participation base and a high risk of injuries. Effective injury prevention strategies are dependent upon a clear understanding of injury issues, aetiology and mechanisms, requiring robust research methodologies to ensure a reliable evidence base. This scoping review aims to identify the characteristics and range of netball injury research methodologies, to inform recommendations for future research.MethodsA systematic search of SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, CINAHL and Academic Search Complete, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, from 1985 to May 2023 identified relevant studies. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed studies assessing injury incidence, aetiology and mechanisms in netball.ResultsFollowing screening, 65 studies were included (68% descriptive epidemiology, 32% analytic epidemiology). Descriptive epidemiology reported data from hospital/clinic and insurance databases (57%) and netball competitions (43%). Only two studies used ongoing, systematic injury surveillance in netball cohorts, and significant heterogeneity existed in study designs, data collection methods, injury definitions and injury incidence rates calculations. Studies assessed a limited number of risk factors (descriptive competition studies: median: n = 4; analytic studies median: n = 6), with 76% using a simplistic reductionist approach to determine causality. Basic descriptions and retrospective recall of injury mechanisms reduced accuracy. Only two studies conducted comprehensive assessments of injury mechanisms using video-based methods.ConclusionTo establish an accurate netball injury evidence base, future research should prioritise the development of reliable, continuous surveillance systems. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus statement guidelines are recommended for accurate injury data collection and reporting. A multifactorial approach should be adopted to assess the complex interaction between multiple risk factors, player load and the injury inciting event. Comprehensive descriptions of injury mechanisms using video methods, alongside descriptions from medical staff are recommended. This information is crucial for developing targeted prevention strategies.

Response to Waja and Motlogeloa (2024): The need for robust research methodology when studying climate and health in developing countries

Response to Waja and Motlogeloa (2024): The need for robust research methodology when studying climate and health in developing countries

The need for robust research methodology when studying climate and health in developing countries: Comments on Trickey et al. (AIDS Behav. 2024;28:1752–1765)

The need for robust research methodology when studying climate and health in developing countries: Comments on Trickey et al. (AIDS Behav. 2024;28:1752–1765)

A Landscape of Case-Based Research: Methodological Rigor in an Emerging Economy Context

In the evolving field of Production Engineering, the robustness of case-based research plays a crucial role in theory development and practical application. Recognizing this criticality, this paper delves into a systematic examination of methodological rigor in Production Engineering case research, scrutinizing a significant corpus of research to discern patterns and practices in methodological execution. This work seeks to shed light on the prevailing trends and identify potential avenues for strengthening the methodological foundations of case study research within the Production Engineering domain. The search was based on case studies from select publications in the Scielo database, a relevant Brazilian source that make available journal articles published in journals in various areas of knowledge. The analysis delineates a framework of four quality criteria – construct validity, internal and external validity, and reliability – to augment methodological rigour. The findings reveal a critical need for a more explicit engagement with these criteria in research design, data collection, and analysis. The research highlights strategies to fortify rigour and, by extension, the quality of case-based research, paving the way for more robust theoretical contributions in Production Engineering. This work in progress not only considers the recent landscape of case-based research but also provides actionable insights to refine future research methodologies, ultimately fostering a paradigm of excellence in qualitative research. The enhancement of methodological rigour in Production Engineering case-based research within the scientific community in a developing country is of paramount importance. As scholars strive to amplify their voices in the international arena, the meticulous application of robust research methodologies becomes critical. It serves not only to fortify the validity and reliability of findings but also to ensure the reproducibility of research. Enhancing methodological rigour aids in building a legacy of credibility and trust in the Brazilian scholarship that can contribute significantly to both regional and global advancements in Production Engineering.

Centralized Multipatient Dashboards' Impact on Intensive Care Unit Clinician Performance and Satisfaction: A Systematic Review.

Intensive care unit (ICU) clinicians encounter frequent challenges with managing vast amounts of fragmented data while caring for multiple critically ill patients simultaneously. This may lead to increased provider cognitive load that may jeopardize patient safety. This systematic review assesses the impact of centralized multipatient dashboards on ICU clinician performance, perceptions regarding the use of these tools, and patient outcomes. A literature search was conducted on February 9, 2023, using the EBSCO CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, IEEE Xplore, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases. Eligible studies that included ICU clinicians as participants and tested the effect of dashboards designed for use by multiple users to manage multiple patients on user performance and/or satisfaction compared with the standard practice. We narratively synthesized eligible studies following the SWiM (Synthesis Without Meta-analysis) guidelines. Studies were grouped based on dashboard type and outcomes assessed. The search yielded a total of 2,407 studies. Five studies met inclusion criteria and were included. Among these, three studies evaluated interactive displays in the ICU, one study assessed two dashboards in the pediatric ICU (PICU), and one study examined centralized monitor in the PICU. Most studies reported several positive outcomes, including reductions in data gathering time before rounds, a decrease in misrepresentations during multidisciplinary rounds, improved daily documentation compliance, faster decision-making, and user satisfaction. One study did not report any significant association. The multipatient dashboards were associated with improved ICU clinician performance and were positively perceived in most of the included studies. The risk of bias was high, and the certainty of evidence was very low, due to inconsistencies, imprecision, indirectness in the outcome measure, and methodological limitations. Designing and evaluating multipatient tools using robust research methodologies is an important focus for future research.

Impacts of Population Trends, Agricultural Supply Chains, and Environmental Decline in Otukpo LGA, Benue State, Nigeria

This research delves into the intricate relationship between population dynamics, agricultural value chain, and environmental degradation in Otukpo Local Government Area (LGA), Benue State, Nigeria. The burgeoning population in the region has precipitated notable shifts in land use patterns, agricultural methodologies, and the overall environmental landscape. A robust research methodology was employed to explore this phenomenon comprehensively. Both primary and secondary data were collected, with a sample size of 400 determined using Taro Yamane's formula. This sample was then strategically distributed among the 13 clans within the LGA, yielding 380 returned samples for meticulous analysis. Statistical analysis, facilitated by tools such as standard deviation and mean, was conducted using SPSS software. Employing a mean criterion of 3.0, questionnaires were administered via survey techniques to discern respondents' perspectives. The research findings illuminate the multifaceted impacts of population dynamics in Otukpo LGA. Notably, these dynamics have instigated challenges within the agricultural value chain, manifesting as farmland degradation and pollution. These repercussions have reverberated throughout the environment, precipitating biodiversity loss, soil contamination, and rampant deforestation. The research also underscores the nuanced nature of these challenges. While population growth undeniably exacerbates these issues, it is crucial to acknowledge the contributory role of ineffective public policies in perpetuating environmental and agricultural dilemmas within the region. In light of these findings, the research advocates for formulating sustainable policies and evidence-based solutions. Addressing these issues holistically demands a concerted effort to mitigate the adverse impacts of population dynamics on agricultural practices and environmental sustainability.

Research on the Impact of Inflation on Industrial Upgrading in Developing Countries from a Global Perspective

This study embarks on a mission to scrutinize the primary causes of global inflation and their subsequent impact on industrial upgrading in developing nations, all the while proposing efficacious strategies that could counterbalance the challenges presented by inflation. The broader aim is to trigger momentum towards industrial upgrading and economic development within these countries, specifically in the context of modern economic globalization.The study is situated against the backdrop of two key phenomena: the widespread occurrence of global inflation and the formidable challenges faced by developing countries. It employs robust research methodologies including comprehensive literature review to probe into the intricate relationship between inflation and industrial growth.The central objectives covering an extensive understanding of inflations specific influences on industrial upgrading and exploring potential remedies to mitigate adverse impacts.It has also emerged that inflation oftentimes unfolds new opportunities that can be exploited for economic growth. To leverage these opportunities and strive towards industrial upgrading and economic development, the study proposes multiple strategies for developing nations.By adopting these approaches, it may be possible to overcome the obstacles posed by inflation.

Development and experiences of an internet-based acceptance and commitment training (I-ACT) intervention in ice hockey players: a qualitative feasibility study.

Internet-based psychological interventions have increased the accessibility of evidence-based treatments in clinical psychology but are still an unexplored delivery format in sport psychology research. This study describes the development and evaluates the experiences of an internet-based acceptance and commitment therapy/training (I-ACT) intervention in ice hockey players focusing on performance enhancement and a sustainable sport participation. I-ACT consisted of seven weekly modules and the feasibility of the intervention was investigated using a qualitative research design. Four national level ice hockey players took part of I-ACT and were interviewed about their experiences using a semi-structured protocol. Interview transcripts were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Findings suggest that the content of I-ACT was comprehensible, relevant, and that it was possible to put the psychological skills into practice. I-ACT was described as helpful to the ice hockey players either in their sport performance or in their life outside of sport. The internet-format was generally perceived as positive, flexible, and a feasible option for delivering psychological interventions in an elite sport context. Some concerns were raised regarding the timing of the intervention at the end of the season, and some players also wished for more time to complete I-ACT. It was also expressed that some of the exercises could have been better adapted for goaltenders. Further trials are needed to evaluate the effects of I-ACT on performance and mental health outcomes in various sport populations using robust quantitative research methodology. Internet-based psychological interventions are a potential future opportunity to make evidence-based practices more accessible for athletes.

Navigating the Eco-Design Paradox: Criteria and Methods for Sustainable Eco-Innovation Assessment in Early Development Stages

This paper examines the growing importance of eco-innovation in aligning sustainability with technological development. It explores the ‘eco-design paradox’, which emphasizes the tension between the need for flexible design and the availability of data required for assessing environmental impacts during early innovation stages. This paradox presents a challenge: the lack of detailed data can have an impact on the ability to make sustainable optimal design decisions as designs are still fluid. The study investigates the essential sustainability aspects to be evaluated in the initial phases of innovation and explores the involvement of decision-makers and entrepreneurs in the sustainability assessment process. The paper uses a robust action research methodology to examine various eco-innovation diagnostic tools in collaboration with two French Institutes of Technology (FITs). A comparative analysis is conducted to assess these tools’ efficacity in evaluating several dimensions of sustainability, including environmental, social, and economic aspects. Our investigation identifies key criteria that are crucial for early-stage sustainability assessments, such as innovation description, systemic vision, functionality, and stakeholder involvement. The findings will guide policy makers, researchers, and practitioners in the field of eco-innovation by providing a comprehensive framework for evaluating and promoting sustainable innovations in their early stages. The insights from our findings show how important expert knowledge is in the eco-innovation diagnostic process. They also demonstrate the need for a more integrated approach to eco-innovation.

How to write a peer-polished proposal in 15 weeks

Creating a meticulously crafted proposal requires a strategic approach and systematic planning. An overview of a semester-long graduate course on how to write successful NIH grant applications will be provided. Particular emphasis is given to developing proposals for the Ruth L. Kirschstein Predoctoral Individual National Research Service Award (https://researchtraining.nih.gov/programs/fellowships/F31) or to disease-based foundations. The writing process involves drafting components in several key phases. The initial four weeks focus on understanding the proposal requirements, identifying the target audience, organizing a brilliant biosketch and remarkable resources and environment pages, and establishing a clear hypothesis and specific aims. An extensive literature review is conducted in the subsequent two weeks to contextualize the proposal, identify a gap in knowledge, and stress the significance and innovation of the proposed work. Weeks 7 and 8 are devoted to the development of a robust research approach and methodology, including data collection, analysis techniques, expected outcomes, potential challenges, and alternative approaches. The review process, refinement and enhancement take center stage for the remaining weeks. Peer review and feedback mechanisms are incorporated to iteratively improve each proposal's coherence, logic, and persuasiveness. This systematic 15-week timeline emphasizes iterative refinement through peer input, ensuring a polished proposal ready for submission.

Meta-Analysis of the Impact of the PjBL Learning Model on Student Academic Achievement: Analysis of Combined Effects and Heterogeneity

In the contemporary landscape of educational research, there is a burgeoning interest in evaluating the effectiveness of innovative pedagogical approaches like Project-based Learning (PjBL) vis-à-vis traditional methods. This study aims to expand on this discourse by conducting further examinations to ascertain the efficacy of the PjBL model in enhancing student academic achievement. Additionally, it seeks to delve into the heterogeneity of factors that influence its effectiveness, recognizing the significance of contextual variations in educational outcomes. Utilizing a robust research methodology, this study employs a group contrast meta-analysis to scrutinize 26 primary studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria. The findings of the analysis underscore a substantial positive impact of the PjBL model on academic achievement. Employing a random-effect approach, the combined effect value of 1.77 signifies a significant effect size, affirming the pivotal role of the PjBL model in augmenting student learning outcomes. Moreover, the heterogeneity analysis elucidates moderator variables including experimental class ability, educational level, and dissemination year. This nuanced exploration reveals the multifaceted nature of factors influencing the effectiveness of the PjBL model. It underscores the adaptability and efficacy of the PjBL model across diverse educational contexts and student demographics.

Crafting Folktale Narratives: Bangflo Coffee's Innovative Digital Storytelling Journey on Instagram

Objective: This study aims to explore the impact of integrating the Sasando folktale into Bangflo Coffee's brand identity on Instagram, focusing on its effects on consumer behavior, loyalty, and market positioning in the Jakarta coffee industry.
 
 Theoretical framework: The study is grounded in the foundations of storytelling in human culture, the strategic application of storytelling in digital communication, and the multidimensional nature of brand identity.
 
 Method: Employing a robust action research methodology rooted in Lewin's cycle, the study emphasizes the strategic use of storytelling. Multiple action research cycles are conducted to adapt the Sasando as a central symbol, aligning with President Joko Widodo's support for local entrepreneurs.
 
 Results and conclusion: The Sasando assumes a prominent role in Bangflo Coffee's identity, symbolizing cultural heritage and connecting deeply with the audience. The storytelling approach resonates with socially conscious millennials, fostering community, social responsibility, and heightened brand awareness. The integration of folktales proves effective in transforming the brand beyond a simple coffee supplier into a meaningful cultural ambassador.
 
 Originality/value: This research contributes to the field by showcasing the innovative use of digital storytelling in the coffee industry, bridging traditional folklore with modern branding strategies. It emphasizes the importance of cultural integration in creating authentic and enduring connections with consumers, particularly in the context of social media platforms like Instagram.

Comparative Analysis of Priority Sector Credit to Weaker Sections: A Comprehensive Study of Public and Private Sector Banks in India

This comprehensive study conducts a comparative analysis of priority sector credit to weaker sections, focusing on both public and private sector banks in India. The research delves into the historical context, policy framework, and literature reviews related to priority sector lending. The study is divided into two phases (2013-2017 and 2018-2022) and employs a robust research methodology, including compounded annual growth rate (CAGR), mean value analysis, and a test of hypothesis for mean values. The results reveal a discernible increase in advances made by both public and private sector banks to weaker sections, reflecting a commitment to inclusive growth. Public sector banks exhibit a higher CAGR during both study phases and consistently meet prescribed targets. Private sector banks show impressive growth rates, overcoming challenges in meeting targets. Hypothesis testing confirms significant differences in mean values between public and private sector banks, emphasizing their distinct approaches. Detailed bank-wise analyses for both sectors provide insights into their contributions, growth rates, and compliance with targets. The study concludes with recommendations for policymakers and regulators to refine and monitor priority sector lending policies. Collaboration and knowledge sharing initiatives are suggested for private sector banks to enhance their performance. Overall, the study underscores the importance of sustained efforts by both sectors in aligning lending practices with priority sector goals for inclusive economic growth in India.

From data to data asset: conceptual evolution and strategic imperatives in the digital economy era

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of data assets and how companies can assetize their data. Using the literature review methodology, the paper first summarizes the conceptual controversies over data assets in the existing literature. Subsequently, the paper defines the concept of data assets. Finally, keywords from the existing research literature are presented visually and a foundational framework for achieving data assetization is proposed. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a systematic literature review approach to discuss the conceptual evolution and strategic imperatives of data assets. To establish a robust research methodology, this paper takes into account two main aspects. First, it conducts a comprehensive review of the existing literature on digital technology and data assets, which enables the derivation of an evolutionary path of data assets and the development of a clear and concise definition of the concept. Second, the paper uses Citespace, a widely used software for literature review, to examine the research framework of enterprise data assetization. Findings The paper offers pivotal insights into the realm of data assets. It highlights the changing perceptions of data assets with digital progression and addresses debates on data asset categorization, value attributes and ownership. The study introduces a definitive concept of data assets as electronically recorded data resources with real or potential value under legal parameters. Moreover, it delineates strategic imperatives for harnessing data assets, presenting a practical framework that charts the stages of “resource readiness, capacity building, and data application”, guiding businesses in optimizing their data throughout its lifecycle. Originality/value This paper comprehensively explores the issue of data assets, clarifying controversial concepts and categorizations and bridging gaps in the existing literature. The paper introduces a clear conceptualization of data assets, bridging the gap between academia and practice. In addition, the study proposes a strategic framework for data assetization. This study not only helps to promote a unified understanding among academics and professionals but also helps businesses to understand the process of data assetization.

The Evolution of Religious Influence on Policy: A Review of Historical and Contemporary Studies

This review employs a systematic research method to explore the dynamic relationship between religion and policymaking, tracing its historical roots and examining its contemporary manifestations. It delves into the evolving ways in which religious beliefs, institutions, and ideologies have impacted public policy throughout history, shedding light on their enduring influence in shaping governance and societal norms. By synthesizing historical and contemporary studies through a rigorous analytical framework, this review offers a comprehensive overview of the intricate interplay between religion and policy. It provides valuable insights into the ongoing dialogue between faith and governance in the modern world, drawing upon a robust research methodology to enhance our understanding of this complex relationship.

THE NEXUS BETWEEN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE, REAL GDP, AND CAPITAL STOCK IN TANZANIA

Aim: The paper aims to examine the relationship between FDI and the nominal exchange rate, real GDP, and capital stock in Tanzania using quantitative research methods and an econometric analysis. The analysis aims to provide insights into the factors that affect FDI and contribute to the existing literature on the relationship between FDI and economic growth. Methods: This study examines the relationship between FDI inflow, real GDP, capital stock, and the normal exchange rate in Tanzania using a robust research methodology. The study employs STATA 15 software and Akaike’s Information Criteria (AIC), Schwarz Information Criteria (SC), Final Prediction Error (FPE), and the Hannan Quinn (HQ) Information Criteria. In addition, the autoregressive model, the Johansen co-integration test, and the Toda-Yamamoto Granger causality (modified WALD) test were employed to determine the optimal lag. Results: The results indicate a bidirectional relationship between the nominal exchange rate and FDI in Tanzania, with FDI inflows influencing the nominal exchange rate volatility and vice versa. Furthermore, the results indicate that real GDP, capital stock, and the nominal exchange rate exert a unidirectional influence on FDI influx in Tanzania. Conclusions: The nominal exchange rate and capital stock have positive and negative correlations with foreign direct investment. Like many other African economies, Tanzania remains vulnerable to external forces despite making significant strides in stabilizing the exchange rate. It is recommended that the Central Bank of Tanzania – along with those of other African nations with similar economic structures – maintain a stable nominal exchange rate level as an incentive for foreign investors in order to increase the inflow of foreign direct investment.

Abundance estimates of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Irish coastal waters using mark-recapture and citizen science

Abundance estimates are crucial for implementing effective conservation measures for large marine megafauna – particularly cetaceans. When combined with robust research methodologies, citizen science can provide a very useful tool to monitor large baleen whale populations, especially given their migratory nature, with individuals covering large areas typically exceeding the capacity of single research teams. The Irish Whale and Dolphin Group has been collecting humpback whale photo‐ID data in the inshore waters of Ireland since 1999. The Group curates a catalogue that contained 120 individual humpback whales up to 2022. Most of these data were obtained through citizen science and the catalogue was built following robust methodologies and strict data‐quality protocols. We used this photo‐ID catalogue to derive the first comprehensive abundance estimates for the species in Irish waters using mark‐recapture modelling techniques. We applied two approaches: (1) open population maximum likelihood mark‐recapture models based on the POPAN formulation; (2) a multi‐site mark‐recapture model selection framework based on Bayesian inference. The first method yielded a humpback whale superpopulation size of 154 ± 9 (95% CI = 138–172, CV = 0.06) between 1999–2022, with annual abundance ranging between 2 ± 1 and 77 ± 8 individuals. The second approach provided annual abundance estimates from 3 ± 2 to 76 ± 11 for the same period. This study supports the idea of an increased presence of humpback whales in inshore Irish waters, especially during the last decade. Despite this increase, results also highlight the apparently very small size of the North Atlantic humpback whale subgroup occurring in the inshore waters of Ireland.

BIBLIOMETRICS ANALYSIS OF DIGITAL LEADERSHIP RESEARCH

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of digital leadership research using bibliometric analysis and network visualization techniques. The study utilizes bibliometrics to gain insights and comprehend patterns in scientific publications related to digital leadership. Data from various sources, including articles, conference papers, and book chapters in the Scopus database, was analyzed using mathematical and statistical methods. The search term "digital leadership" resulted in 127 relevant publications from Scopus.com. Through bibliometric parameters such as authors, citations, keywords, and publication countries, the study offers a systematic research method for thematic analyses. The findings from this research provide researchers with specific inquiries and recommended considerations at each stage of the bibliometric analysis process. The study sheds light on the trends and developments in digital leadership research, identifying potential research gaps and opportunities for future investigations. By utilizing robust research methodologies, this paper contributes to understanding digital leadership and informs scholars on the key themes shaping the field's trajectory.

Effects of Assistive Technology Instruction on Pre-Service Teachers: A Systematic Review

Assistive technology (AT) is critical for students with disabilities to access and engage in the general education curriculum, but research has consistently reported a lack of AT knowledge among general and special education teachers. This synthesis reviewed the literature on AT instruction in teacher preparation programs. A total of 14 studies were selected using specific selection criteria. Findings indicated that after receiving AT instruction, pre-service teachers showed positive gains in self-reported AT skills/knowledge, assessed AT skills/knowledge, and attitudes/perspectives toward AT, regardless of modality, incorporated instructional methods, or measurement. Despite the promising effects of AT instruction, this synthesis highlights the scarcity of research in the realm of such instruction within teacher preparation programs and emphasizes the need for more robust research methodologies in this area.