Robot-assisted Simple Prostatectomy Research Articles

Laparoscopic simple prostatectomy versus robot-assisted simple prostatectomy for large benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative trials.

Laparoscopic simple prostatectomy (LSP) and robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) are important approaches for large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), though it is still unclear which is superior. This study aimed to perform a pooled analysis to compare the safety and efficacy profiles of LSP and RASP. We systematically searched the databases of Science, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library database for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs, comparing LSP to RASP. The principal outcomes included perioperative, functional and complications variables. The results are presented as odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of dichotomous and continuous variables. Five comparative trials involving 1928 patients were included. RASP demonstrated a shorter length of hospital stay compared to LSP (WMD 1.20days, 95% CI 0.09, 2.32; p = 0.03). However, there was no difference between the two groups regarding operative time, estimated blood loss, catheterization time and complications. Moreover, RASP had a higher maximum flow rate (Qmax) (WMD -2.15mL/s, 95% CI -3.75, -0.55; p = 0.0009) and comparable international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and sexual health inventory (SHIM) in men with LSP. The results of this study demonstrated that RASP offered comparable efficacy and safety to LSP, while maintaining a superior perioperative and functional profile. However, treatment selection should also be based on the availability and experience of the operator.

Robotic versus open simple prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia in large glands: single-centre study.

Robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a recently described surgical approach, but comparison with open simple prostatectomy (OSP) lack in the literature. We compared perioperative outcomes of OSP versus RASP. Patients who underwent simple prostatectomy between 2017 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study. OSP was performed by the transvesical technique and RASP was performed with a DaVinci Xi robot, using the transvesical extraperitoneal approach. Perioperative and postoperative data were compared and complications risk factors for complications were identified. and limitations. Overall, 103 patients were included (median age 72years [IQR = 67-76]). Forty-seven underwent RASP and 56 OSP. The median volume of the prostate gland was 130mL [IQR = 100-180] in the RASP group and 126mL [IQR = 100-160] in the OSP group. RASP was associated with a significant reduction in blood loss (median 200 vs. 400mL; p < 0.001), shorter hospital stay (5 vs. 10days; p < 0.001) and median catheterisation time (4 vs. 9days; p < 0.001). In the RASP group, there were fewer grade ≥ 2 complications (2 (4.3%) vs. 13 (23.2%); p = 0.005) and less need for transfusions (0 vs. 6 (11%), p = 0.005). Preoperative prostate volume was a risk factor for complications (OR = 1.2 [95% CI 1.1-1.5]; p = 0.01) while robot-assisted surgery was a protective factor (OR 0.3 [95% CI 0.05-0.9]; p = 0.05). Functional outcomes between the two groups were identical at 12months follow up. RASP is a safe and effective procedure. When compared with OSP, RASP was associated with decreased morbidity as well as reduced hospital stay and catheterisation time. Functional outcomes were comparable to the open approach.

SC84 - Urethral-sparing (MADIGAN) robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy: our early experience and results

SC84 - Urethral-sparing (MADIGAN) robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy: our early experience and results

SC82 - Functional outcomes comparison between patients undergoing robotic assisted simple prostatectomy with or without an indwelling catheter

SC82 - Functional outcomes comparison between patients undergoing robotic assisted simple prostatectomy with or without an indwelling catheter

SC158 - Open versus robot-assisted simple prostatectomy: comparison between peri-operative outcomes in high volume centres

SC158 - Open versus robot-assisted simple prostatectomy: comparison between peri-operative outcomes in high volume centres

PE01 - Holmium laser enucleation versus robot-assisted simple prostatectomy for patients with prostate volume larger than 150 ml: Results from a single high-volume center

PE01 - Holmium laser enucleation versus robot-assisted simple prostatectomy for patients with prostate volume larger than 150 ml: Results from a single high-volume center

PE02 - Feasibility and optimal setting of robot-assisted simple prostatectomy with the novel HUGO RAS System

PE02 - Feasibility and optimal setting of robot-assisted simple prostatectomy with the novel HUGO RAS System

Evaluating Surgical Outcomes of Robot Assisted Simple Prostatectomy in the Retreatment Setting

ObjectiveTo report perioperative and postoperative outcomes in men who undergo salvage RASP (sRASP) following some other endoscopic outlet procedure for benign prostate enlargement (BPE) compared to those undergoing RASP for primary treatment (pRASP). MethodsA prospectively maintained database consisting of all RASP surgeries (December 2014-October 2019) performed at our institution by 3 different urologists was used. Patients who had received an endoscopic procedure for BPE prior to their RASP (sRASP) were compared to those who had not had a prior outlet procedure (pRASP). ResultsIn total, 310 men underwent RASP during the study period. Of those, 30 (9.7%) had undergone an endoscopic procedure prior to surgery. There were no significant differences in age, race, ASA, BMI, prostate volume, PSA or rates of preoperative retention (P> .05 for all). Men who were treatment-naive had significantly higher preoperative International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS) than men who had a prior procedure (18.3 ± 7.7 vs 13.6 ± 6.2, P = .008). However, there were no significant differences in functional or quality of life outcomes between the 2 groups (P > .05 for all). There were no significant differences in perioperative or post-operative outcomes between the 2 groups. Furthermore, rates of post-operative complications and incontinence were similar between groups (11% vs 10%, P = .9 and 2% vs 0%, P = 1 respectively). ConclusionPerforming a RASP after prior endoscopic procedure for BPE was found to be safe and effective. Success and complication rates were similar to patients with no prior procedures.

Robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy versus holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for large benign prostatic hyperplasia: A single-center preliminary study in Korea.

BackgroundHolmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) and robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) are the two most important therapeutic modalities for large benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, there are currently no studies comparing these two treatments in a Korean setting. In this study, the authors seek to compare the safety and efficacy associated with these procedures.MethodsThe authors retrospectively analyzed 59 male patients who underwent HoLEP (n = 26) or RASP (n = 33) at single center. The following preoperative data were compared: age, the International Prostatic Symptom Score (IPSS), transrectal ultrasonography, uroflowmetry, and hemoglobin. Intraoperative data included operation time and specimen weight. Postoperative data included change in IPSS, uroflowmetry, and hemoglobin. Length of stay, catheterization time, and complications were also reviewed.ResultsNo significant differences between the two groups were found in terms of age, total prostate, and transitional volume. Postoperatively, both groups showed similar improvement in the maximum flow rate, post-void residual urine, IPSS, and quality of life. Intraoperatively, there were no differences regarding operation time and resected prostate volume. Catheter removal time and length of stay were significantly shorter in the HoLEP group than the RASP group. In addition, postoperative hemoglobin changes were significantly lower in the HoLEP group. However, incontinence rates at 1 month and 2 months postoperative in the RASP group were lower than the HoLEP group.ConclusionsBoth HoLEP and RASP can produce excellent postoperative outcomes. However, catheter removal time, length of stay, and hemoglobin changes were more favorable in the HoLEP group. On the other hand, postoperative incontinence was more favorable in the RASP group. These factors must be heavily considered when deciding surgical the method for large benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Standard Multiport vs Single-Port Robot-Assisted Simple Prostatectomy: A Single-Center Initial Experience.

Background: Robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) has emerged as a safe surgical treatment for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia with large glands (>80 mL). Several studies reported on perioperative outcomes of RASP by the standard multiport (MP) da Vinci® robotic system approach. Studies conducted on RASP utilizing the novel single-port (SP) da Vinci SP robotic platform (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA) are scarce. We aimed to compare intraoperative and short-term postoperative outcomes between the da Vinci MP and SP robots for patients undergoing RASP in a referral center. Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed all patients who underwent RASP using MP or SP robot from September 2016 to March 2021. Intraoperative data, overall 30-day complications, complications by Clavien-Dindo classification, and 90-day readmission and reoperation rates were assessed and compared between the two groups using appropriate statistical methods. Results: Seventy-five patients who underwent RASP were identified. Of these, 47 were in the MP group and 28 were in the SP. Compared with SP, mean operative time in MP group was 216.6 vs 232.4 minutes (p = 0.39), estimated blood loss was 195.7 vs 227.1 mL (p = 0.43), and length of stay was 2 vs 2.5 days (p = 0.45). There was a trend toward higher overall complication rate in SP group vs MP (42.86% vs 21.28%, p = 0.09). There were no significant differences in the readmission (17.02% vs 10.71%, p = 0.52) and reoperation (2.1% vs 7.14%, p = 0.34) rates between MP vs SP group. Conclusion: SP-RASP is safe and shows equivalent perioperative outcomes when compared with the MP robotic system. A marginal increase of complication rate was recorded in the SP group; however, this did not demonstrate statistical significance.

MP04-18 ROBOT-ASSISTED SIMPLE PROSTATECTOMY VERSUS HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION FOR LARGE PROSTATE GLANDS (&gt;100ML): COMPLICATIONS AND PERIOPERATIVE OUTCOMES

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022MP04-18 ROBOT-ASSISTED SIMPLE PROSTATECTOMY VERSUS HOLMIUM LASER ENUCLEATION FOR LARGE PROSTATE GLANDS (>100ML): COMPLICATIONS AND PERIOPERATIVE OUTCOMES Louis Vignot, Julien Anract, Imad Bentellis, Albert Semaan, Fabrizio Sartorio, Brannwel Tibi, Youness Ahallal, Michael Peyromaure, Daniel Chevallier, Nicolas Barry Delongchamps, and Matthieu Durand Louis VignotLouis Vignot More articles by this author , Julien AnractJulien Anract More articles by this author , Imad BentellisImad Bentellis More articles by this author , Albert SemaanAlbert Semaan More articles by this author , Fabrizio SartorioFabrizio Sartorio More articles by this author , Brannwel TibiBrannwel Tibi More articles by this author , Youness AhallalYouness Ahallal More articles by this author , Michael PeyromaureMichael Peyromaure More articles by this author , Daniel ChevallierDaniel Chevallier More articles by this author , Nicolas Barry DelongchampsNicolas Barry Delongchamps More articles by this author , and Matthieu DurandMatthieu Durand More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002521.18AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) and Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) are two different mini-invasive surgical techniques for the management of large prostate adenomas. We aimed to compare the early postoperative complications and the predictive factors of complications, as well as the perioperative results between these two techniques. METHODS: A retrospective multicentric comparative study between two cohorts was performed on all patients operated between January 2018 and December 2020. Inclusion criteria were age > 45 years, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) with surgical indication. RESULTS: A total of 360 patients were included, 171 excluded and 189 analyzed with a prostate volume > 100mL, 99 RASP and 90 HoLEP. The two groups were comparable overall with an initial prostate volume of 133.3 mL for the RASP group and 130.4 mL for the HoLEP group (p=0.56). The early complication rate was 17.2% and 6.7% for the RASP and HoLEP groups, respectively (p=0.047), and multivariate analysis did not reveal any predictive factor for complication. Mean length of hospitalization (3.3 days vs. 2.3 days) and catheterization time (5 days vs. 1.5 days) were significantly lower for the HoLEP group (p < 0.001). The rate of prostate cancer detection (7.1% vs 7.8%) was comparable between the RASP and HoLEP groups (Table 1). CONCLUSIONS: Our study revealed a lower complication rate in the HoLEP group for high-volume adenomas (>100 mL) without demonstrating a predictive factor for the occurrence of complications. The average length of stay and the duration of the catheter were lower for the HoLEP group. RASP remains a safe and effective technique with a majority of low-grade complications and a significant improvement of functional urinary parameters. A more comprehensive study integrating the experiences of the center and the operators would be interesting to corroborate these results. Source of Funding: None © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e64 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Louis Vignot More articles by this author Julien Anract More articles by this author Imad Bentellis More articles by this author Albert Semaan More articles by this author Fabrizio Sartorio More articles by this author Brannwel Tibi More articles by this author Youness Ahallal More articles by this author Michael Peyromaure More articles by this author Daniel Chevallier More articles by this author Nicolas Barry Delongchamps More articles by this author Matthieu Durand More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy after prostatic arterial embolization for large benign prostate hyperplasia: Initial experience.

Background and objectiveWe aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) after prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) in large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Material and methodsThis retrospective study included 11 cases of PAE and subsequent RASP, performed on 11 patients with BPH from March 2018 to September 2020. Clinical information on the patients was collected before surgery and 3 months after surgery. For the quantification of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSSs), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, urinary peak flow rate (Qmax), voided volume (Vvol), and postvoid residual volume (PVR) were measured.ResultsPAE and the subsequent RASP were successfully performed in all 11 patients. The mean total prostate volume was 129.7 ± 65.1 mL, and the transitional zone volume was 71.7 ± 5.9 mL. The mean resected prostate volume was 60.8 ± 26.1 mL. The mean hemoglobin level of the patients prior to PAE was 14.2 ± 2.3 g/dL, and one day after RASP, the hemoglobin level was 12.4 ± 1.9 g/dL. The outcome indicated that there was a considerable decline in IPSS and PVR after RASP was performed compared to before PAE (21.6 ± 9.4 vs. 10.6 ± 8.0 and 159.4 ± 145.8 mL vs. 43.9 ± 45.9 mL). Qmax and Vvol significantly improved after RASP was performed (7.6 ± 5.2 mL/s vs. 26.1 ± 12.6 mL/s; 114.2 ± 92.5 mL vs. 192.4 ± 91.8 mL, respectively).ConclusionThis research demonstrated that RASP could be performed safely and effectively after PAE in patients with large BPH.

The Multi-Institutional Experience in Single-Port Robotic Transvesical Simple Prostatectomy for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Management.

Single-port (SP) robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) through the transvesical approach is a novel surgical option in the management of large prostatic glands. We present the first multi-institutional study to further assess the perioperative and postoperative outcomes of SP RASP. From February 2019 to November 2021, 91 consecutive patients of 3 separate institutions underwent transvesical RASP using the da Vinci® SP robotic surgical system. Surgeries were performed by 3 experienced surgeons. Through a suprapubic incision and transvesical access, the SP robot is docked directly into the bladder, and the prostatic enucleation is performed. Prospective data collection, including baseline characteristics, perioperative and postoperative outcomes, was performed. The mean followup period was 4.6 months. The mean (SD) prostate volume was 156 (62) ml. The mean (SD) total operative time was 159 (45) minutes, and the median (IQR) estimated blood loss was 100 (50, 200) cc. The median (IQR) postoperative hospital stay was 21.0 (6.5, 26.0) hours; however, 42% of all patients were discharged the same day. The median (IQR) Foley catheter duration was 5 (5, 7) days. Only 3 patients (3%) developed Clavien grade 2 postoperative complications. At 9-month followup, the median (IQR) International Prostate Symptom Score and quality of life score were 4 (2, 5) and 0 (0, 1), respectively, with a mean (SD) maximum flow rate and post-void residual of 21 (17) ml/second and 40 (55) ml, respectively. In a multi-institutional setting, the SP RASP promotes a pain-free procedure, same-day discharge, short Foley catheter duration, low complication rate and quick recovery.

Minimally invasive simple prostatectomy: Robotic-assisted versus laparoscopy. A comparative study

Purpose: Robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) is a novel surgical procedure for the management of obstructive symptoms caused by enlarged prostate glands. Before the introduction of minimally invasive techniques, the standard approach was the open simple prostatectomy (OSP). The aim of our study was to compare intraoperative and perioperative outcomes of robotic (RASP) and laparoscopic (LSP) simple prostatectomy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients who underwent minimally invasive simple prostatectomy at the Urological Department of Portogruaro Hospital, Portogruaro, and at the Urological Department of “San Bassiano” Hospital, in Bassano del Grappa, from March 2015 to December 2020. Data collected from medical records included age, body mass index, prostate volume, operative time, preoperative International Prostatic Symptoms Score (IPSS), postoperative IPSS, time with drainage, blood transfusion, intraoperative complications, perioperative complications and length of hospital stay. Results: Robotic-assisted (n = 25) and laparoscopic simple prostatectomy (n = 25) were performed with a transvesical approach. No significant differences were observed regarding baseline characteristics, body mass index, prostate volume and IPSS. Operative time was lower in the laparoscopic group (122 min vs 139 min) (p = 0.024), while hospital stay was lower in the robotic group (4 days vs 6 days) (p = 0.047). Conclusions: Robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy is a safe technique with results comparable to laparoscopic simple prostatectomy, encompassing the advantage of a shorter hospitalization. Considering the costs and the limited availability of robotic-assisted simple prostatectomy, laparoscopic simple prostatectomy is a valid and safe alternative for experienced surgeons.

Incidental Prostate Cancer from Prostate with Benign Biopsies: A Predictive and Survival Analysis from Cohort Study.

PurposeThis cohort was to evaluate incidental prostate cancer (iPCa) from men with preoperative benign biopsies and demonstrate their outcomes under different managements.Patients and MethodsBetween 2015 and 2017, we analyzed the risk factors having iPCa from surgical specimens from men provided with benign preoperative biopsies of their prostates. Furthermore, we compared the survival outcomes according to the different managements after iPCa was diagnosed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was utilized to find the best thresholds. Univariable and multivariable nested logit regression were performed to estimate the effect size of different independent variables. Odds ratio (OR) was expressed with 95% confidence interval, and the alpha level was 5%.ResultsIn 295 men we enrolled, there were 57 (19%) men having iPCa from surgical specimens. In univariable logit regression, we found significant variables of age, PSA, prostatic volume, PSA velocity ≥ 0.75 ng/mL/year for 3 years, taking 5α reductase inhibitors, abnormal digital rectal examination, cores of biopsy and surgical methods. In multivariable model, PSA was the strongest variable predicting iPCa (OR 3.81 [2.04–7.07]; Wald: 17.75; p < 0.001). In ROC curve, the best threshold was 9.025 ng/mL (area under curve: 0.95; sensitivity: 0.947; specificity: 0.866). In Kaplan–Meier curve of 27.89-month follow-up, robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) can provide similar PSA progression-free period as robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) following transurethral surgeries in organ-confined cancer (Log rank test, p = 0.293), and both of them were better than external-beam radiation therapy (RT) following transurethral surgeries (Log rank test, p < 0.001).ConclusionPSA was the strongest variable to predict iPCa out of prostate with preoperative benign biopsies. RASP was parallel to RARP following transurethral surgeries in organ-confined cancer in the short term.

Endoscopic Enucleation of the Prostate Is Better than Robot-assisted Simple Prostatectomy

In 2022, endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP) is the treatment of choice for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) for glands >80 ml and is a valid alternative for patients with bleeding disorders. Unlike robot-assisted radical prostatectomy, EEP has no additional access-related trauma and can be performed using the same instruments as for bipolar enucleoresection. With favorable costs, EEP can serve as a global solution for BPO treatment.

Robot-assisted Simple Prostatectomy Is Better than Endoscopic Enucleation of the Prostate

Robot-assisted simple prostatectomy represents a solid treatment option for benign prostatic obstruction in patients with large prostate glands. This procedure offers multiple attractive features that make it a strong competitor against endoscopic enucleation of the prostate.

MRI Features Associated with Histology of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Nodules: Generation of a Predictive Model.

Background: Histologic phenotypic variation of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been hypothesized to underlie response to medical therapy. We evaluate preoperative MRI of robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) specimens and determine imaging features associated with histologic phenotype. Materials and Methods: All patients undergoing RASP from November 2015 to November 2019 with a multiparametric MRI ≤1 year before RASP were included. Patients without identifiable BPH nodules on histologic specimens were excluded. Histology slides were obtained from whole mount adenoma specimens and corresponding MRI were reviewed and graded independently by a blinded expert in BPH histopathology (D.W.S.) and an experienced radiologist specializing in prostate imaging (D.N.C.), respectively. Each nodule was assigned a phenotypic score on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = predominantly glandular; 5 = predominantly stromal) by each reviewer. Scores were compared using the sign test and univariate analysis. Signal intensity relative to background transition zone and nodule texture were noted on T2, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging sequences. Univariate and multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis were conducted to identify MRI features associated with histology score. All analyses were performed using Statistical Analysis System (version 9.4). Results: A total of 99 prostate nodules in 29 patients were included. Median phenotypic scores by histology and MRI were comparable (2, interquartile range [IQR] 2-3 vs 2, IQR 2-4, respectively; p = 0.63). Histology scores were positively correlated with MRI scores (Pearson's correlation 0.84, p < 0.0001). Multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis showed that low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) signal intensity (p < 0.001) and DCE wash-in (p = 0.03) were positively associated with more stromal histology, whereas ADC standard deviation (p = 0.03), DCE wash-out (p = 0.001), and heterogeneous T2 texture (p = 0.003) were associated with more glandular histology. Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between MRI features and the histologic phenotype of BPH nodules. MRI may provide a noninvasive method to determine underlying BPH nodule histology.

Multicentric comparative analysis of Retzius versus Retzius sparing robotic assisted simple prostatectomy in the management of large prostate glands

Aim Robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) is a minimally invasive alternative to open simple prostatectomy in the management of patients with large prostate glands suffering from moderate-to-severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Our study aimed to evaluate two transvesical robotic approaches in order to compare functional outcomes and postoperative complications. Materials and methods Clinical data from 111 consecutive patients from three tertiary robotic centers were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the surgical approach: 58 Retzius sparing and 53 Retzius approach RASP. We evaluated peri-operative outcomes (operating time, blood loss, transfusion rate, length of hospital stay), as well as intra-operative and early complications using a Clavien Dindo scale. Fisher’s exact test, chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U test were applied for statistical analyses. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Neither subgroup differed significantly in age (p = 0.104), Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.088) or prostate volume (p = 0.507), total IPSS score (0.763) and Q max (p = 0.651). Total complication rates were lower for the Retzius approach subgroup (19 vs 11.9%) without reaching statistical significance in multivariate analysis (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.17 − 8.44, p = 0.84). No significant differences based on IPSS total score and Q max could be observed between the two subgroups during follow-up. Conclusions Both RASP approaches provide similar results in terms of functional outcomes and present a good safety profile in the management of large prostatic adenomas. Larger trials are needed in order to establish the indications for each robotic technique.

Robot-Assisted Simple Prostatectomy vs Endoscopic Enucleation of the Prostate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparative Trials.

Context: Robot-assisted simple prostatectomy (RASP) and endoscopic enucleation of the prostate (EEP) are two minimally invasive alternatives to simple prostatectomy, which is considered the standard treatment in large prostate glands. It remains unclear which of the two is superior in terms of outcome and complications. Objective: To compare perioperative and functional outcomes of RASP vs EEP. Evidence Acquisition: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration and in line with the PRISMA criteria. The database search included clinicaltrials.gov, Medline (via PubMed), CINAHL, and Web of Science and was using the PICO criteria. All comparative trials were considered. Risk of bias was assessed with the revised ROBINS-I tool. Evidence Synthesis: Seven hundred sixty studies were identified, 4 of which were eligible for qualitative and quantitative analysis, reporting on a total of 901 patients with follow-up up to 24 months. Hemoglobin drop (mean difference [MD] confidence interval [CI]: 0.34 g/dL [0.09-0.58]), the rate of blood transfusions (odds ratio [OR] [CI]: 5.01 [1.60-15.61]) catheterization time (MD [CI]: 3.26 days [1.30-5.23]), and length of hospital stay (LoS) (MD [CI]: 1.94 days [1.11-2.76]) were significantly lower in EEP. No significant differences were seen in operating time and enucleation weight. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of postoperative urinary retention, postoperative transient incontinence, and complications graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Functional results were similar, with no significant differences in International Prostate Symptom Score and maximum urinary flow rate at follow-up. Conclusion: Both EEP and RASP offer excellent improvement of symptoms due to prostatic hyperplasia. EEP has lower blood loss, shorter catheterization time, and LoS and should be the first choice if available. RASP remains an attractive alternative for extremely large glands, in concomitant diseases, or whenever EEP is not available. Review Registration Number (PROSPERO): CRD42021226901.