Robbery Attacks Research Articles

Political and cultural situation in Kazakhstan in the XVIII–XIX centuries (historical aspect)

The article describes the political situation and cultural situation of the Kazakh land in the period of the Russian Empire and describes the fact that in the XVIII–XIX centuries, the Tsarist authorities carried out various reforms for the final rule of the Kazakh steppe, expanding the countryethnic basis of the Kazakh people, dividing the ethnic groups, dividing them into provinces and districts, depriving the country of integrity. Our article reflects the colonial policy of the Tsarist government towards the Kazakh Steppe, which in some cases was tactically different from the open robbery attacks of the Khiva and Kokand khanates. It is indicated that the Tsarist government began to use an underground policy that led to the exposure of the Kazakh people to the influence of the Russian state and constant subordination to that state. The article also analyzes the policy of the Tsarist government, how the rulers of the Kazakh steppes work for them, buy them with a large reward.

African states and conflicts: a study of Northern Zone of Plateau State

Since the 1960s, African states have passed through different conflicts with reasons such as politics, ethnic, religious, and resource-based conflicts such as border or land disputes, and several other causes. The Northern Senatorial zone of Plateau State, Nigeria has witnessed several violent conflicts between 2001 and 2023 with several scholars assessing the immediate causes and its impact without looking at the remote causes. This study examines the history of conflicts in the Northern Plateau Senatorial zone and its persistent nature with its root causes. The study adopted history research method, which comprised primary and secondary sources. Data was obtained by the researcher from oral interviews in the Jos metropolis and across Plateau North. Also, books and Journals from the University of Jos and the National Library Jos branch provided quality data. The conflict in the Northern Plateau comprising five out of the six local council areas evolved from instances of clashes and skirmishes as a result of spontaneous ethnic and religious provocations and reactions to planned attacks between Christians and Muslins in Jos North and South starting from 2001, guerilla-style reprisals, cattle rustling, herder/farmer clashes across Bassa, Riyom and Barkin Ladi LGAs. The study found out that the root cause of conflicts in the Northern Plateau was the British colonial policies of the 1900s, which led to the massive influx of immigrants that settled permanently in Jos North and South, Barkin Ladi, Riyom and Bassa LGAs. The study discovers that the conflict in Northern Plateau has led to pervasive insecurity of lives and property, as evidenced by the spate of cattle rustling, armed robbery attacks, assassinations, and ethnic and religious feuds coupled with the seeming helplessness of security agencies to handle criminal attacks on civilian populations in Riyom, Barkin Ladi and Bassa LGAs. The study recommends that security can be secure if freedom and justice are allowed to reign through arresting perpetrators and punishing them severely, allowing freedom of economic, political and social participation for all citizens of Plateau State without ethnic or religious discrimination.

Study on the Effects of Maritime Piracy and Sea Robbery on Economic Growth in Nigeria

The study investigated the effects of the level of global and local attacks against ships on economic development in Nigeria. It also examined the effects of volume of cargo pilfered in Nigeria ports as a result of insecurity on the economic growth in Nigeria. The study employed secondary data sourced from from the Nigerian ports authority, the National bureau for statistics (NBS) and the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), levels of pirate attacks against ships in local and global waters, and volume of cargo pilferages in ports. The multiple regression analysis method was used to analyze the dataset obtained using GDP as the dependent variable while global attacks, local attacks and volume of cargo pilfered were used as independent variables. It was found that the effect of maritime piracy and sea robbery on economic growth and development is expressed by the equation: GDPt = 1638944 + 5745.61GLOTAKSt – 34587.7LOTAKSt + 193.25VOCARPt. This implies that economic growth in Nigeria increase with increase in attacks against ships in global waters, it decreases with increase in attacks against ships in Nigerian maritime domain and increases with increase in volume of cargo pilfered from the ports. A unit increase in level of global attacks increases the GDP by 5745.61 units while a unit increase in local attacks against ships trading in Nigerian waters decreases the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 34587.7 units. Similarly, a unit increase in volume of cargo pilfered from the ports increase the GDP by 193.25 units. It concluded that maritime piracy and sea robbery attacks against ships have significant impact on economic growth and development in Nigeria.

The importance of forensic examinations in the investigation of armed robberies

Peculiarities of using of possibilities of forensic examinations during an investigation of robbery attacks on citizens’ residences with the use of weapons have been studied. The most important problems that arise during the investigation of such crimes, as well as the peculiarities of the methods of committing robberies, which significantly complicate the process of investigating such criminal proceedings, are identified. Based on the study of relevant verdicts of the Unified State Register of Court Decisions over the past five years and scientifically based recommendations of domestic scientists on increasing effectiveness of detection and investigation of robbery attacks on citizens’ residences with using of weapons, it was established that the majority of such attacks are characterized by group perpetration and using of several types weapons and means of attack. Under the conditions of martial law, the range of tools used to commit such criminal offenses is expanding, which necessitates forensic examinations of various types of weapons, explosives and devices, etc. For the effective investigation of such crimes, a purposeful search for tools for committing illegal acts (various types of weapons, means of inflicting bodily harm, tools for breaking into premises, etc.) for identification and removal for the purpose of further expert examination of dactyloscopic, traceological, traces of biological origin, fibers is of great importance clothes of perpetrators and victims, as well as other micro-traces and micro-objects from the crime scene for further identification of the criminal. Not only results of forensic examinations, the objects of which are various types of weapons and means of inflicting bodily harm, but also the research of biological traces and micro-objects are recognized as significant for the disclosure of such crimes. During the recovery of the tools of committing robberies, it is important to remember that other traces placed on them (dactyloscopic, scent, micro-traces), which are extremely important for identifying the identity of the criminal, may become the objects of further forensic examinations.

Assessment of the Influence of Maritime Piracy and Sea Robbery on Cargo throughput Performance of Nigerian Ports

The study assessed the impact of maritime piracy and sea robbery on the cargo throughput performance of Nigeria ports. The central objective of the study was to determine the significances of the influences of levels of attacks against ships trading in global cum local waters and maritime insecurity induced cargo pilferage levels on the cargo throughput performance of Nigeria ports. The study used secondary data sourced from the Nigerian ports authority, and the International Maritime Bureau (IMB) on the cargo throughput, levels of pirate attacks against ships in local; and global waters, level of cargo pilferages in ports and used for the study. The multiple regression analysis method was used to analyze the dataset obtained using cargo throughput performance of the ports as the dependent variable while global attacks, local attacks and volume of cargo pilfered were used as independent variables. the model showing the effects of maritime piracy and sea robbery attacks on the cargo throughput performance of the Nigerian ports is: CARGOt= 0.729700 +0.0140GLOTAKSt – 0.0921LOTAKSt –0.0003VOCARPt ….. (2). It indicates that a unit increase in attacks in global waters increases the cargo throughput in Nigerian ports by 0.0140 units while a unit increase in local attacks by pirates within the Nigerian territorial waters causes cargo throughput performance of Nigerian ports to decrease by 0.0921 units. Similarly, a unit increase in cargo pilferage associated with maritime insecurity in Nigeria ports causes the cargo throughput performance of the ports to decrease by 0.0003 units. It is also found that that there is a significant impact of the level of maritime piracy/sea robbery on the cargo throughput performance of the Nigerian seaports.

Prerequisites for the effectiveness of interrogation of victims of robbery attacks on citizens’ homes with the use of weapons

Currently, the problem of violations of property rights involving the seizure of other people’s property and breaking into people’s homes with weapons is becoming more acute. Poor investigation of these cases causes a public outcry. Victims are the ones who have the best information about the incident, so it is important to study the prerequisites for interrogating the injured party. The research aims to build a structure of consistently logical, generalised questions for interrogating victims of robberies involving the use of weapons. The methods used are analytical, generalisation, analogy, and synthesis. The general, guiding questions for the interrogation of victims during the investigation of robberies involving weapons are formulated in the study. Such questions are formulated considering the victim’s condition after a robbery attack on a home using weapons, as well as the results of studying the peculiarities of committing these crimes, establishing, and summarising their circumstances. These aspects allow the investigator to obtain holistic, logically connected information about the crime to build a system of evidence. The general, orientation questions for interrogating victims during the investigation of robbery attacks on citizens’ homes with the use of weapons are systematised, divided into types, grouped and summarised, so that it is more convenient for investigators to study and use them during the investigation of such criminal offences for a more effective reproduction of the sequence and integrity of the event, as well as for obtaining complete and reliable testimony during the interrogation of the victim. The author identifies the consequences of using incorrectly formulated questions to the victim by the investigator during interrogation, and the danger of using questions which are not prepared for the relevant criminal offence is clarified. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that the results of scientific research will contribute to the improvement of interrogation of a victim of robbery with weapons

Abdominal Injuries from Civilian Conflicts: An Emerging Global Health Challenge in Rural Southeast Nigeria.

In recent time, incidence of abdominal injuries continues to increase steadily in most major regions of West Africa due to emergence of various religious, social and political conflicts. Indeed, violence and social conflicts constitute major global public health challenges that commonly lead to injuries and long-term physical and mental health problems. In our setting, increasing cases of abdominal trauma resulting from civilian violence led to additional workload in the general surgery unit and the audit of our experiences is presented in this paper. To analyze the etiological spectrum, trend and management outcome of abdominal injuries from civilian violence in our setting. This was a multicenter prospective study of adult patients with abdominal injuries from civilian conflicts managed at three selected district hospitals in Southeast Nigeria between January 2013 to December 2020. Of 398 patients evaluated, 359 (90.2%) sustained penetrating while 39 (9.8%) had blunt abdominal injuries. Gunshot was the most common mechanism, accounting for 248 (62.3%) cases, followed by stab wound (95, 23.9%). Armed robbery attack (68, 27.4%) was the main source of gunshot wounds. Overall, annual rates showed a four-fold rise over an eight-year period from 24 cases (6.0%) in 2013 to 96 (24.1%) in 2020. Majority (365, 91.7%) had operative management (OM); the rest (33, 8.3%) were treated non-operatively. Morbidity and mortality rates for operative cases were 29.6% and 12.1% respectively. The main factors associated with increased mortality rates were delayed presentation (p = 0.002), bowel resection (p = 0.006), gunshot wounds (p = 0.013), advanced age (p = 0.033), multiple visceral injury (p = 0.034) and ASA score ≥ III (p = 0.001). Abdominal trauma from civilian violence is on the steady rise in our setting. The main etiologic factors are armed-robbery, communal clashes, political thuggery and cultism perpetrated predominantly through gunshots and stab wounds. Advancing age, gunshot wounds, delayed presentation, bowel resection and multiple injuries were associated with increased mortality.

To the Some Issues on Differentiation of Group Robbery From Banditry

Author examines the actual problems that arise in practice in the qualification of robbery attacks, namely, the delimitation of a robbery attack from related offenses. The author places at the forefront the problem of delimiting a group armed robbery from banditry, due to the fact that in practice there are quite a few problems when delimiting these two trains and due to the fact that this problem remains relevant today. Based on the studied scientific materials, law enforcement and investigative practice, conclusions are drawn about the existence of problems of distinguishing between group armed robbery and banditry, a description and analysis of problematic issues is given, and information is given on how these problems are overcome by the law enforcement officer in practice, excerpts from the judicial practice of higher judicial authorities of the Russian Federation. The author cites the opinions of various experts in the field of criminal law on controversial issues, and also expresses his personal point of view on these problems and suggests ways to solve them.

Terrorism Threats and Rising Bullion Van Robbery Attacks in Ghana

Bullion van robbery attacks have emerged as a significant security threat in Ghana in recent years. They pose grave consequences for national security and social, political, and economic stability. This paper provides an overview of Ghana’s rising bullion van robbery attacks. In the paper, realism theory is used to portray the rate of bullion van robberies and their daringness. The subsequent analysis illuminates the factors contributing to the rise of these attacks, including the current economic downturn, socioeconomic problems, and corruption complicity. It explores the potential involvement of organised crime syndicates. The paper recommends a multifaceted approach involving enhanced collaboration between security agencies. It also involves stringent regulation and oversight of cash transportation, technological innovations in security systems, and improved training for law enforcement personnel. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of public awareness campaigns and citizen engagement to foster a collective response to combat bullion van robberies. The paper concludes that the rising trend of bullion van robbery attacks in Ghana requires immediate attention from both the government and the private sector. A comprehensive strategy encompassing preventative measures, swift response mechanisms, and robust law enforcement efforts is imperative to mitigate the risks posed by these attacks. This will safeguard the nation's security and socioeconomic stability.

Commercial Banks’ Crime Prevention Strategies Against Armed Robbery Attacks in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria

Bank robbery is increasingly constituting a serious threat to human safety and security in Nigeria. Thus, the central objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors accounting for the vulnerability of commercial banks to armed robbery attacks despite their adopted crime prevention strategies. The situational crime prevention perspective was employed as a conceptual framework. Data were elicited from chief security officers of 20 commercial banks, 10 bank tellers, and seven officials of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) through a combination of in-depth interviews and key-informant interview methods. Results showed that human factors and logistic issues were contributing to the vulnerability of commercial banks to armed robbery attacks. Although banks are consciously investing in technological and non-technological security systems, criminals still consider them suitable targets. It is imperative for commercial banks to regularly conduct thorough background checks on their staffers so as to ensure early detection of employees with criminal tendencies.

ANALYSIS OF MARITIME PIRACY BY USING QUALITATIVE METHODS

Nearly 90% of world trade is transported by sea. Maritime piracy is a major threat for maritime security, shippers, crews, cargo owners and insurance companies. Main reasons of piracy and armed robbery attacks, piracy statistics, international conventions, regulation and multinational efforts were examined and maritime piracy against ships are analyzed in the period 2015 to 2020 in the study. The Chi Square Test (χ2) was used to test statistical relationship between categorical variables such as piracy attacks by years, months and hours, types, regions and type of vessels attacked. The results of the frequeny distributions show that the most piracy attacks occurred in 2015 (20.9%), the most attacks were in March-April-May (30.2%), the most attacks were occured between the hours 24:00-04:00 (29.2%) the most attacks occurred in South East Asia (42.6%), the most type of attacks against to ships were boarded (79.1%), the most attacks were occurred against bulk carriers (28.6), Marshall Islands-flagged ships were the most attacked (17.1%). The results of Chi-Square Test show that there is a weak statistical relationship between the piracy attacks by months and regions; there is a weak statistical relationship between the piracy attacks by years and type of attacks. There is no statistical relationship between other variables. In the conclusion part of the study, some suggestions are proposed to combat the maritime piracy.

Psychosocial Distress and Coping Strategies in Response to COVID-19 Adopted among Adults in South-West Nigeria

Pandemics such as the SARS-cov-2 are known to cause psychosocial distress posing threats to mental health especially among South-west residents who have been disproportionately hit by the virus in Nigeria
 Aims: To assess the level of psychosocial distress among selected adult residents in South-west Nigeria and determine the strategies adopted by them to cope.
 Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used to sample 393 adults from the region. The DASS-21 scale and Brief-COPE questionnaires were used to assess levels of psychosocial distress and coping respectively.
 Place and Duration of Study: Southwest Nigeria, between May 2020 and June 2020.
 Methodology: Participants were recruited using Snowballing sampling technique. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire. Information retrieved were coded and entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0). Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency, and percentages were used to summarize data and Chi-square analysis was used to test the hypotheses with an Alpha level set at P =0.05.
 Results: Pathologic scores for all three psychosocial distress indicators measured in this study were recorded in 8.1% of the participants. The three leading sources of psychological distress identified included; the general uncertainty associated with the pandemic, lack of confidence in the government's ability to handle the situation, and the fear of robbery attacks that were rampant in the region during the period of lockdown. Most of the participants coped by adopting the use of humor (62.8%) and religion (53.9%). State of residence was found to influence coping strategy and there was a relationship between sex and use of religion in coping at p= 0.01.
 Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic was a significant stressor in the study. Improved strategies to combat the spread of the virus to help accelerate lifting of the lockdown will be beneficial to the coping capacities of the residents.

Measuring employees’ well-being among Nigerian bankers: Exploring the socio-cultural indicators

Employees’ well-being, the overall quality of workers’ life experience and functioning at work, is multidimensional and context-dependent. The reality of present society suggests that not only the psychological and physical, but social factors are essential in measuring employees’ well-being. In many developed countries, crime and other societal issues received adequate attention; however, in Nigeria, workers are confronted with many social- and cultural-related challenges like insecurity and community and family conflicts, even outside the work environment, which lead to well-being problems. Previous studies in Nigeria have focused more on psychological and physical well-being, without sufficient attention to occupational stress and the work environment. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine the social and cultural factors related to the well-being of workers in the Nigerian banking industry. Four-hundred and twenty copies of questionnaires were administered and 30 interviews were conducted using a multi-stage sampling technique among bank workers in Ibadan, Nigeria. Twenty-eight items evaluating psychological, physical, and socio-cultural well-being were examined using a five-point Likert scale. Researchers analyzed data using descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation, and content analysis. The findings revealed that socio-cultural factors are important sources of happiness and well-being of bank workers. Over 77% of the respondents viewed robbery attacks, family, and public trust as having a severe effect on their state of mind. Social well-being was significantly correlated with physical (r = .884; p < .001) and psychological (r = .921; p < .001) well-being. Results from the interviews showed that family and community relationships, security, and public trust in leadership affect employee’s well-being even more than a pay raise. This study demonstrates that the overall life experience of workers is an equally important determinant of workers' well-being as their psychological and physical well-being. These findings suggest that sociocultural attributes like culture, family, and community relationships are an important aspect of workers’ overall life experience, and should be considered in the measurement of workers' well-being.

Effect of occupational hazards and safety practices among petrol attendants in Nigeria

Abstract Background The petrol station attendants are the first point of contact to customers who visit the station to purchase fuel. They encounter several health hazard and health problems while working. This study was conducted to determine the occupational hazards, health problems and safety practices of petrol station attendants and subsequently to train the PSAs on the identified occupational hazard, associated health problems and safety practices while working. Methods This is an intervention study carried out among all consenting attendants working in filling stations owned by independent petroleum marketers in Enugu. Data was collected using semi structured interviewer-administered questionnaire cast in English language. The data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 23. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. Level of significance was set at 5%. Results A total of 400 respondents participated in the study. The mean age of respondents was 24.3 ± 4.6 years for the male and female respectively. Hazards reported included inhalation of petrol fumes, confrontation from customers, armed robbery attack and noise. Health problems reported included headache, low back pain, sciatic pain, muscle spasm, eye irritation, dizziness, cough and nausea. Awareness about the correct use of personal protective equipment was very poor prior to the intervention but increased up to 94.5% immediately after the intervention. The results of this study shows that the PSAs who participated in this study were exposed to various health hazards. Awareness and use of PPE was very poor prior to the commencement of this study but significantly increased after the intervention. Conclusions Therefore, it's important to engage various stakeholders in this sector to ensure that owners of filling stations take responsibility for the health safety of their workers and ensure regular health education on safety practices. Key messages This study was conducted to determine the occupational hazards, health problems and safety practices of petrol station attendants and to train them. Relevant means and standard deviation were calculated. Inferential statistics were calculated using t-test, analysis of variance and Chi-square test.

2019/46 Robbery attack: the responsibility of the employer? (SI)

2019/46 Robbery attack: the responsibility of the employer? (SI)

Comparative Analysis of Payment of Earned Academic Allowance in Nigerian Universities: University of Benin As a Focal Point

In Nigeria sovereign nation, the greatest obstacle to democracy is the neglect of education for her citizens as evidenced by the spate of armed robbery attacks, political assassinations, religious conflicts and lack of education funding coupled with the seeming helplessness of security agencies to handle criminal acts. The focus of this paper is to comparatively analyse the payment of Earned Academic Allowance in Nigeria tertiary institutions, University of Benin as a focal point. Universities all over the world and particularly in Nigeria often provide the philosophical drive, and in some cases, the front-line troops for social change, including revolutions and, occasionally centre of excellence. Therefore, the development of political and administrative institutions in Western Europe has shown that other countries that have modernized or developed politically and those new and old nation states that strive towards modernization or development have developed political system. In the course of this study, the comparative analysis of payment of Earned Academic Allowance/Funding of Education in Nigeria were brought to the fore while the objectives of the study were well spelt out. Hypotheses were postulated and the Group Theory was used to explicate the works. Data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. From the primary sources, the survey method, that is, the use of questionnaire was designed and adopted. Data obtained from this method were analysed with the aid of Simple Percentage. Thereafter, the five researchable hypotheses were tested and accepted while the null hypotheses were rejected. The implication is that there was relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Generally, the paper brought to focus that effective payment of Earned Academic Allowance/funding of education in Nigeria is a task that must be done with collective efforts of all stakeholders for the growth and development of universities in Nigeria. In a nutshell, this paper suggested policy prescription and recommendation which are aimed at repositioning universities in Nigeria. Finally, this paper appraised several of these issues and concluded that all stakeholders in the federal polity should thread softly, be objective, rational, altruistic and magnanimous in order not to make the existence of true federalism (social, education, political and economic cohesive existence of the people, peace and tranquillity) a fleeting illusion and a mirage.Key Words: Stakeholders, Allowance, Strikes, Payment, Federal, Government

Road Transportation In Sustainable Rural Development Of Akutupa-Kiri, Kogi State Nigeria

Rural road transportation has being a topical issue in most developing counties of the world. Despite the fact that rural area play a dominant role in the production of food and fiber; its economic activities had been hindered as a result of poor road transportation system. To this end, this paper examines road transportation in sustainable rural development of Akutupa-Kiri, Nigeria. Structured and self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from a total of 188 (one hundred and eighty eight) households head representing 2% of the entire population in the study using systematic sampling technique. The data were presented using descriptive statistics in the form of frequency counts and percentages and Pearson Product Moment Correlation analysis. Findings revealed that Akutupa- Kiri is characterized by inadequate road infrastructure; there is high cost of transport due to the poor condition of road and frequent armed robbery attack on the road.. Results also indicate strong correlation (0.91) between cost and time of movement in the area. Also, the Department of Works in kabba-Bunu Local Government is not effective pertaining to road development matter in the study area. The study recommends provision of road infrastructures, establishment of road maintenance department at the local government level to facilitate rural development and increase agricultural production of the area. In addition, anti- robbery security personnel should be deployed to Akutupa-Kiri road to counter robbery attacks in the area. Key Words: Road transportation, Rural area, Sustainable rural development, Akutupa-Kiri, Nigeria

Comparative Analysis of Funding of Education in Nigeria

Some of the obstacles to the nascent democracy In Nigeria include the neglect of education for Its citizens, the spate of armed robbery attacks, political assassinations, religious conflicts and lack of proper education funding coupled with the seeming helplessness of security agencies to handle criminal acts. The focus of this paper is to comparatively analyse the funding of Education in Nigeria tertiary institutions. In the 19 years since Nigeria returned to civil rule under the Fourth Republic, University teachers in the country have embarked on strikes 14 times that saw them stay away from work for about 40 months. The latest strike by the teachers under the Academic Staff Union of Universities (ASUU) began in November 2018 lasted till February 2019, in spite of several rounds of meetings between leaders of the Union and the Federal Government all because of funding of education. ASUU has been locked in a protracted dispute with the Nigerian government over issues connected to poor funding of public universities. In the course of this study, the Comparative Analysis of Funding of Education in Nigeria were brought to the fore while the objectives of the study were well spelt out. Hypotheses were postulated and the Group Theory was used to explicate the works. Data were obtained from both primary and secondary sources. From the primary sources, the survey method was adopted. Data obtained from this method were analysed with the aid of Simple Percentage. Thereafter, the five researchable hypotheses were tested and accepted while the null hypotheses were rejected. The implication is that there was relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Generally, the paper brought to focus that effective funding of education in Nigeria is a task that must be done with collective efforts of all stakeholders for the growth and development of universities in Nigeria. In a nutshell, this paper suggested policy prescription and recommendations which are aimed at repositioning universities in Nigeria. Finally, this paper however, painstakingly appraised several of these issues and concluded that all stakeholders in the federal polity should thread softly, be objective, rational, altruistic and magnanimous in order not to make the existence of true federalism (social, education, political and economic cohesive existence of the people, peace and tranquillity) a fleeting illusion and a mirage.Key Words: Education, Funding, Strikes, Federal, State, Government

Criminal characteristics of robbery and robbery attacks

Criminal characteristics of robbery and robbery attacks

Nollywood and the Nigerian Security Situation: Prospects and Challenges of Alternative Security Outfits in Lancelot Odua Imasuen’s Isakaba

Peace and security are not only variables of national growth and development, but also panacea for sustainable development. However, amidst challenges of emergent culture produced by the Nigerian nation-state the two vital variables remain elusive. Hence, the ability to put these variables in place constitutes part of the puzzle and dilemma of almost every republic in Nigeria. Therefore, the problem of this study is persistent state of insecurity that bedevil most republics in Nigeria as manifest in incessant armed robbery attacks, students’ unrest, religious riots, and most recently, militancy and terrorism. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess prospects and challenges of alternative security outfits as solution to Nigeria’s security challenges using Lancelot Odua Imasuen’s Isakaba. The study examined Nollywood’s projection of the search for lasting solution to the nation’s security problems in an outfit influenced by African ritualistic practices, system of justice and its obvious challenges and prospects. Case study and content analysis approaches of the qualitative research method were adopted by the researchers for data collection and analysis. The study revealed that; individuals, organizations, communities, the media and various tiers of government in Nigeria have continued to experiment on how to ensure security of lives and property of the citizenry in the face of a corrupt and lukewarm police force. Consequently, propositions like: the use of the traditional security system, state police, individual security outfits, the use of armed forces and even individualized security systems which allow individuals the use of personal gun for self-protection have been made. The study concluded that alternative security outfits are closer to the people and is therefore more effective than the government security agents. However, the use of these outfits must be supervised by the state or federal governments