Objective Postoperative oral infections in anticoagulated patients undergoing dental extractions are a concern for healthcare professionals because perioperative management often requires a multidisciplinary approach. Postoperative bleeding may lead to complications, such as hematoma formation, which can predispose patients to subsequent infection. To date, there is no analysis of large databases assessing the impact of anticoagulation on oral infection rates after dental extractions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between anticoagulation and oral infections in adults who have undergone dental extractions. Study Design The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) years 2001–2013 was queried for adult patients age 19 years and older undergoing dental extractions, based on International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision (ICD-9) procedural codes 23.01, 23.09, 23.11, and 23.19. Anticoagulant therapy was determined by ICD-9 code V58.61. Oral infection was determined by ICD-9 diagnostic code 528.3 (cellulitis and abscess of oral soft tissues). Cases were excluded if patients received antiplatelet therapy (ICD-9 code V58.63). Univariate analysis was conducted with Pearson's χ2 test to determine if there was a relationship between anticoagulant therapy and oral infection. Multivariate analysis was conducted with binary logistic regression. Results were reported as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Significance was defined as P Results A weighted total of 334,822 patients (59.7% males, 40.1% females, 0.2% missing information on gender) were included in this analysis after exclusion criteria were applied. Of all patients included in the study, 2.3% were undergoing anticoagulation therapy, and 10.5% of patients had developed an oral infection. A total of 306 patients (0.09%) were undergoing anticoagulation therapy and had developed oral infections. Pearson's χ2 analysis determined a significant association between anticoagulation and cellulitis and abscess of oral soft tissues. Female patients had an increased likelihood of developing an oral infection (odds ratio [OR] = 1.407). Patients who were undergoing anticoagulation therapy had a decreased risk of developing an oral infection (OR = 0.426). African American, Hispanic, and other non-Caucasians were all less likely to develop infections compared with Caucasian patients (OR = 0.936, 0.890, 0.827, respectively). Conclusions After accounting for race, gender, and ethnicity, it was determined that anticoagulation was negatively correlated with risk of oral infection compared with patients not undergoing anticoagulation therapy and had dental extractions. Limitations include lack of information regarding the nature of the oral infection with regard to granularity, restrictions on inpatient data, lack of information on the specificity of the anticoagulant, and unclear timeline between dental extractions and development of infection. Future studies should investigate this association in a prospective manner to establish a more definitive relationship.