Risk Of Environmental Damage Research Articles

Collaborative Governance in Tourism Development in Indonesia: Study of South Sumatera Province

Tourism is a potential sector in the development of an area with very minimal risk of environmental damage, this makes tourism the leading sector in all regions, including the province of South Sumatra. In a normative and empirical process, tourism development needs to be done through collaborative management, this is because tourism has multidimensional characteristics. South Sumatra Province with the potential it has and is supported by Brand Sport Tourism, it turns out that the development process is still being carried out separately between all parties involved, this has made tourism development in South Sumatra Province still not optimal. This research uses Collaborative Governance theory proposed by Ansell & Gash which can be seen from 4 (four) dimensions, namely initial conditions, facilitative leadership, institutional design, and the collaboration process. The research approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive research type. The data analysis technique used is data reduction and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that the ongoing tourism development process has not yet fully adopted collaborative governance. This is because trust has not been formed in each of the actors involved.

Bio-Based Hydraulic Fluids and the Influence of Hydraulic Oil Viscosity on the Efficiency of Mobile Machinery

Leakage of hydraulic oils causes long-term damage to the environment. Every year, a significant amount of hydraulic oil is released into the environment through accidents and leakages. Biohydraulic oils minimize the risk of environmental damage due to their biodegradability and lack of toxicity. Mobile machines offer great substitution potential for biohydraulic oils. The majority of machines are operated with mineral hydraulic oils. Furthermore, in view of decreasing energy resources and rising CO2 emissions, there is a strong interest in reducing the fuel consumption of mobile machines. Triggered by this trend, the power density of hydraulic systems and their components continue to increase. Resulting, the used hydraulic fluid is subject to greater thermal stress and the system thermal of the used fluids are becoming increasingly important. Biohydraulic oils offer a great potential due to their thermal properties, regarding viscosity temperature dependency. Therefore, the content of this article is to consider the influence of hydraulic oil’s viscosity on the efficiency of a crawler excavator. For this purpose, experimental tests are discussed by regarding viscosity related energy losses of hydraulic systems of crawler excavators by using biohydraulic oil. A hypothesis about the dependency of rheological properties of biohydraulic oils on the hydraulic system’s efficiency is formulated.

Community Pharmacists' Practice, Awareness, and Beliefs about Drug Disposal in Saudi Arabia.

The awareness among Saudi people regarding the good and safe practice of drug disposal is fairly low. Community pharmacists’ potential toward drugs disposal directions and practice are not emphasized enough. Therefore, a cross sectional study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to evaluate the practice, awareness and beliefs of community pharmacists about disposal of unused drugs. Out of 360 subjects who participated in the study, more than 70% returned the unused drugs to the pharmaceutical distributors. Around 80% of the participants confirmed the risk of environmental damage due to the inappropriate disposal of drugs, and 87.5% of them held themselves responsible for preventing such risk. Approximately 85% of surveyed pharmacists believed community pharmacies to be an appropriate location for the collection of unused drugs. There was no significant association between the community pharmacists’ age group and years of practice as community pharmacists with either the awareness of unused medication disposal on environmental hazards, or the beliefs about the appropriate location for collecting unused drugs (p > 0.05). The awareness and proactive accountable responsibility, along with community pharmacists’ belief of appointing pharmacies to collect unused drugs, strongly support the institution of drug take-back programs.

Preliminary Study on Social Stability Risk Assessment of Land Integrated Renovation Project: A Case Study of Shichuan River Project in Fuping

Many uncertain factors in the construction of major projects may lead to social stability risk events. Taking the land integrated renovation project of Shichuan River (Urban Section) in Fuping as an example, this paper discusses the connotation of social stability risk in the land renovation project, and claims that during the construction and management of the land integrated renovation project of the Shichuan River (Urban Section) the risk of land acquisition and demolition and the risk of environmental damage are the more important risk factors in the identification of social stability risk.

CARRYING CAPACITY ASSESSMENT OF CIBEUREUM WATERFALLTOURISMINGUNUNG GEDE PANGRANGO NATIONAL PARK

Waterfall has long been a popular tourist attraction with increasing number of visitors. High visitation would increase the risk of environmental damage, especially if the location of the tourism object is in a protected area that is still intact and rich in resources. One strategy to reduce the impact of recreational and nature tourism activities is through carrying capacity (CC) analysis. This study aims to 1) analyze the CC visitors of Cibeureum Waterfall and 2) provide a CC-based waterfall tourism management strategy. The research was conducted in October 2018 in Cibeureum Waterfall, TNGGP of West Java. The CC was estimated using the Cifuentes (1992) approach to calculate physical (PCC), real (RCC), and effective (ECC) CCs, by considering various correction factors. Interviews were also conducted with 100 visitors of Cibeureum Waterfall. In addition, interviews were also conducted with 5 key informants from the management side. The results showed that the daily PCC value was 800, exceeding the RCC (173) and ECC (86) values, indicating overcrowding. On the contrary, on weekdays, the number of visitors is below the RCC. These results indicated potential disturbance in Cibeureum Waterfall and its environment during holidays. Carrying capacity-based management alternatives that were recommended include increasing ticket prices on holidays and implement early booking system. From the managerial aspect, it is recommended to involve the NP partners during holidays for in-kind contributions.
 Keywords: carrying capacity, waterfall tourism, national park

Study of the influence of anthropogenic factors on organism

The use of iron nanoparticles of various forms in industry continues to grow; therefore, there are risks of environmental damage and toxicity. The study was conducted on Wistar rats (n = 36). Nanoparticles of iron oxide and cobalt ferrite were injected once intraperitoneally at doses of 2 and 2.3 mg/kg (45 nm). On the 1st, 7th and 21st day of the experiment, the emotional and motor activities were assessed using the Open Field and Black and White Chamber tests. The results presented demonstrate that the liver and spleen are target organs that are able to accumulate nanoparticles; iron nanoparticles have a neurotropic effect and may have an anxiolytic effect. Despite the negative results obtained, the prospects of using nanoparticles cannot be denied. The use of a systematic and comprehensive approach to the assessment of risks and toxicity of nanomaterials will allow creating conditions to build a unified concept of nanosafety.

Impact of Sustainable Development of Coastal Areas and Small Islands in Makassar

Makassar City is a national strategic project development area, namely the construction of the Makassar New Port with the value of the Cooperation contract with Royal Boskalis of 75 million Euros. According to the government’s expectation, Makassar New Port (MNP) can increase import-export activities in eastern Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of economic, socio-cultural, and environmental or ecological aspects. The method used is descriptive qualitative and the data obtained were analyzed using Nvivo12 Plus software. The results of this study found that marine sand mining has an impact and risk of environmental damage, such as decreased environmental carrying capacity, reduced natural resources, biodiversity, and weakened ecosystem integrity. These environmental changes greatly impact the productivity of fish income for fishermen. Fishermen’s catch decreases, of course, this has something to do with changing social and economic conditions of fishermen. The phenomenon that is born is a disharmony that is very prone to causing quarrels in the household. While the economic impact, recorded a total loss of 1,043 fishermen from Kodingareng consisting of Traditional Fishing Gear, fishing rods, nets and arrows reached 80.4 billion rupiahs

Social Risk Early Warning of Environmental Damage of Large-Scale Construction Projects in China Based on Network Governance and LSTM Model

With the improvement of citizens’ risk perception ability and environmental protection awareness, social conflicts caused by environmental problems in large-scale construction projects are becoming more and more frequent. Traditional social risk prevention management has some defects in obtaining risk data, such as limited coverage, poor availability, and insufficient timeliness, which makes it impossible to realize effective early warning of social risks in the era of big data. This paper focuses on the three environments of diversification of stakeholders, risk media, and big data era. The evolution characteristics of the social risk of environmental damage of large-scale construction projects are analyzed from the four stages of incubation, outbreak, mitigation, and regression in essence. On this basis, a social risk early warning model is constructed， and the multicenter network governance mode of social risk of environmental damage in large-scale construction projects and practical social risk prevention strategies in different stages are put forward. Experiments show that the long short-term memory neural network model is effective and feasible for predicting the social risk trend of environmental damage of large-scale construction projects. Compared with other classical models, the long short-term memory model has the advantages of strong processing capability and high early warning accuracy for time-sensitive data and will have broad application prospects in the field of risk control research. By using the network governance framework and long short-term memory model, this paper studies the environmental mass events of large-scale construction projects on the risk early warning method, providing reference for the government to effectively prevent and control social risk of environmental damage of large-scale construction project in China.

ANALISIS PENERAPAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING (EMA) DALAM MENINGKATKAN EKO-EFISIENSI USAHA (Studi Kasus Pada Rumah Sakit Ibnu Sina YW-UMI Kota Makassar)

Current issues related to the environment to be one of the issues that got the attention of the public. Awareness of the community to participate in protecting the environment is increasing from time to time. It encourages businesses as part of the community itself, to participate in maintaining the environment in ways that minimize the risk of environmental damage as a result of the operational company's. In this case, the needed cost of the so-called environmental costs. Environmental costs necessary to achieve eco-efficiency efforts, one of which is the use of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA), by identifying environmental costs by classifying into the category of environmental quality to evaluate their environmental performance.
 This study uses the Ibnu Sina Hospital YW-UMI Makassar City engaged in health services as research objects. In this study the author uses descriptive qualitative method. The results showed that the Ibnu Sina Hospital YW-UMI Makassar City yet to implement Environmental Management Accounting (EMA), manage environmental costs, but this hospital has managed the impact of the environment.

Environmental Assessment of Xinhe Beach Development

The proliferation of beach renovation is affecting the change of the landform of the coast and threatening the ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the impact on the environment after the beach is transformed. The survey area is located near the Shipu fishing port in the south of Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Based on the Delft-3D grid nesting model and wave-fluid coupling model, the astronomical tide and hydrodynamic environment of the 30 days before the construction were simulated. After the beach was rebuilt and sand was added and the spur dike was added, the astronomical tide and hydrodynamic environment were again simulated. Finally, based on the simulated data, the water level, velocity field, effective wave height distribution, and siltation and siltation of Xinhe Beach were obtained. Xinhe Beach's environmental damage risk indicators can be evaluated based on water level, velocity field, effective wave height direction and sediment erosion and deposition. Artificial sanding and construction of spur dikes will change the hydrodynamics and scouring and siltation of Xinhe Beach, but have little effect on the coastal terrain and ecological environment.

Pseudomonas plecoglossicida as a novel bacterium for phosphate solubilizing and indole-3-acetic acid-producing from soybean rhizospheric soils of East Java, Indonesia

Abstract. Astriani M, Zubaidah S, Abadi AL, Suarsini E. 2020. Pseudomonas plecoglossicida as a novel bacterium for phosphate solubilizing and indole-3-acetic acid-producing from soybean rhizospheric soils of East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 578-586. The use of synthetic fertilizers to grow soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in a long time, can increase the risk of environmental damage. Therefore, the current study aimed to find phosphate solubilizing bacteria that can produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) hormone to minimize the use of chemical fertilizers. Superior isolates selected through characterization of phosphate solubilization activity on Pikovskaya medium, screening of IAA producing bacteria, quantitative estimation of phosphate solubilizing activity using a spectrophotometer, hypersensitivity assay, antagonist within isolate assay, and molecular identification of selected bacterial isolates using 16S rRNA sequencing with primer forward 63f and primer reverse 1387r. Among the isolated bacteria, isolate Arj8 showed the highest phosphate solubilizing activity and IAA production. Molecular identification indicated that isolate Arj8 shared 100% similarity with Pseudomonas plecoglossicida. The highest phosphate solubilizing activity (75.39 mg/L) and IAA production (38.89 ppm) recorded on day-3. Multiple potentialities of P. plecoglossicida as phosphate solubilizing and IAA producing bacterium are a novel finding in the development of bioinoculants as bio-fertilizers that can reduce dependency on synthetic chemical fertilizers.

Cirkularna ekonomija i održivi razvoj

The waste increase and the environmental damage risk are important causes for the emergence of a new economic model that replaces the linear economy. The aim of the research is to point out the importance of the circular economy in a globalized society in which the sustainable development is a highly positioned goal. The importance of the issue stems from the fact that social welfare, apart from the development of production, must also be based on the preservation of health and living environment. The paper demonstrates many economic and social benefits from the implementation of the circular economy principles, as well as, the basic elements of this concept. The main objective is to reduce waste from the existing production cycle through the recycling process.

Drone Operated Crop Monitoring and Agrochemical Spraying in Agriculture

Agriculture plays a strategic role in a country's economic development process. In order to raise the farm productivity and to develop proficient administration, it is crucial to look into the growth of the crops, then the surrounding environment and farming operations. Earlier most of the human communities fully depend on agriculture for their survival. But now the scenario is totally opposite due to various reasons. It is our duty and also important to consider the proper and smart utilization of good resources. The main issue nowadays is using agro chemicals. To have a good resource it is mandatory to use agrochemicals in agriculture to maintain the quality of the plants. In agricultural crop fields, agrochemicals are generally used to increase productivity and improve quality. Through improved spraying effectiveness, the amount of pesticide used in agriculture can be minimized and the risk of environmental damage can be mitigated.. However direct contact with these agro chemicals can result in various diseases like cancers, birth defects, reproductive dysfunction, nausea, rashes etc. Also most of the agro chemicals are wasted during the time of spray. But if agrochemical is used, then it will improve agricultural quality production. By considering all these, a new system is proposed which consists of Drone, Tank for agrochemical, Camera and Controllers and other supporting mechanisms. The proposed system will be operated by a human over the farming filed and monitors all the area through the camera. The proposed system will give the details of affected area alone, so that only those areas can be sprayed with the help of micro nozzle. Due this human contact will be avoided, amount of agrochemicals used will be reduced, the quality and production of crop will be increased. Also it will reduce the cost of agrochemicals used.

Rural Women’s Agency on Forest and Land Governance in The Midst of Change: Case Study in Five Provinces

<p>Women in rural areas face serious problems as a result of ecological social changes in the village--which are almost mutually interconnected with the expansion of extractive industries and rural development paradigm. Forests and land become as the identity that cannot be left behind in seeing changes in rural areas. Sustainable forest and land governance are one of the ways to reduce the risk of environmental damage & degradation, land use change, deforestation, and loss of food resources and livelihoods of rural communities. One of the principles of sustainable forest and land governance is transparency and participation. In this study we found, explain, and analyse 1) how the social ecological changes in the villages through the expreinces of women who is a trailblazer or local champion in 5 provinces (West Papua, East Kalimantan, Aceh, Central Sulawesi, Bengkulu); 2) the struggle of rural women in seizing the right to information and participation in the process of forest and land governance; 3) women’s agency in creating positive socio-ecological changes in the village area. This research found that women’s agencies are not single and are produced from various forms of power, namely the power/ability to influence and reduce barriers, to change at the household and community level, the power to organize and change existing hierarchies, the power to increase individual awareness and the desire to change, the strength of collective action and solidarity.</p>

Determining transparency on material and energy flow in Palm Oil industry

Palm oil is a strategic commodity for Indonesia because of its large role in economic and social development. Strengthening the development of a sustainable palm oil industry must refer to increasing responsibility and efficient use of resources towards a sustainable palm oil industry. credible, and transparent. This study describes the role of material and energy flows as the basis for resource use in the production of crude palm oil (CPO). Oil palm plantations and processing have tried to implement zero emission to increase competitiveness and reduce the risk of environmental damage. Data sources, quality, and uncertainty. Developing material and energy flow analysis shows evaluations in human resources, applying technology, reducing emissions, and energy efficiency are issues of relevant resources. It is important to justify and analyze critical industrial systems in reducing material waste. Derivative policy implications for production and consumption processes must be applied based on industrial output.

A Brief Review of the General Principles of Environmental Damage Remediation Set Out in the Russian Legislation

The global community is currently focusing on the challenges of Arctic development. One reason is the huge deposits of subsoil resources hidden underneath the ice and in the offshore areas of the Arctic. In pursuit of economic good, however, it should be borne in mind that the Arctic environment is fragile and that any anthropogenic damage to it should be repaired. Being a large Arctic state, Russia puts a stake on its offshore oil and gas deposits, posing a risk of environmental damage. In this regard, it is of utmost importance that we know and interpret adequately the general principles of environmental damage remediation. These principles are legally enshrined. The author of this paper has made a survey of the basic statutory documents regulating the procedures for remediation of environmental damage. References are made to concrete documents. The survey involved the analysis of the judicial practice concerning the responsibility of compensating for damage from oil spills. The basic trends in law-enforcement practice are outlined, offering more insight into operation of the law in Russia. The article also presents a number of proposals on how legal regulation could be enhanced.

Oil Biodegradation Systems Based on γ Irradiated Poly (Butylene Succinate)

The risks of environmental damage are inherent in oil activities, being a constant concern to our modern society. Among the remediation strategies, the biological one is safer and more inexpensive compared to physic‐chemicals approaches. Bioremediation can be enhanced using biodegradable polymers as coating materials of the nutrient release systems. However, some of these polymers can be improved using electromagnetic radiation, able to modify their properties, such as, molar mass, changing the materials physicochemical behavior. Thus, immobilizing urea in poly (butylene succinate) (PBS) matrix, producing a petroleum bioremediation tool was the primary goal in the paper herein. The composites were obtained by melting at 110 °C with subsequent application of gamma (γ) radiation at doses of 15, 25, 50, and 75 kGy. The obtained results allowed to infer that the increase of the γ radiation doses improved the immobilization, thus reducing the immediate urea release. Besides that, the preliminary biodegradation results showed that the highest rates of hydrocarbon reduction at the end of the analysis period were reached using the material irradiated at 25 kGy. These results are encouraging and proved that irradiated PBS‐urea systems could be used as oil spill disasters tool.

Pengelolaan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Sei Mangkei Berbasis Penilaian Kinerja Lingkungan

Bisnis utama di Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Sei Mangkei adalah industri pengolahan kelapa sawit dan karet, dengan bisnis pendukung seperti logistik, energi, elektronika, industri penunjang produksi, aneka industri, dan pariwisata. Produk yang dihasilkan yaitu: fatty acid, fatty alcohol, surfactant, biodiesel, dan biogas (Dewan Nasional KEK, 2015). Kegiatan operasional pada kawasan industri memberikan keuntungan dari aspek ekonomi, namun disisi lain menghasilkan limbah, sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa lingkungan dan kegiatan operasional memiliki hubungan. Oleh karena itu pertimbangan lingkungan penting sebagai upaya mengurangi kerusakan lingkungan untuk meminimalisasi resiko kerusakan lingkungan dan tetap memperoleh keuntungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman pengelola dan penyewa terhadap penilaian kinerja lingkungan terutama dari aspek lingkungan, serta menganalisis kesiapan KEK Sei Mangkei dalam melakukan penilaian kinerja lingkungan dari aspek lingkungan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survey dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif deskriptif dan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pengelola dan tenant pada KEK Sei Mangkei memiliki pemahaman sedang – baik terhadap konsep penilaian kinerja lingkungan berdasarkan ISO 14031.
 Kata kunci: kawasan ekonomi khusus, kelapa sawit, ISO 14031, indikator lingkungan

Limited Seed and Seed Yield Response of Calendula to Applied Nitrogen Does Not Justify Risk of Environmental Damage from High Urea Application Rates

Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.) seed, due to its high calendic acid content, is recognized as a potential environmentally safe substitute for volatile organic compounds. Agronomic guidelines for nitrogen (N) management to produce calendula seed oil on a commercial scale are limited. Post-harvest soil N has the potential to move off-farm and contribute to water quality degradation (e.g., hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico). Establishing N management guidelines should consider agronomic response and potential environmental risk. Calendula seed and oil yield, oil content, harvest index, N use, seed N use efficiency, oil N use efficiency, agronomic efficiency, vegetative growth, and the amount of residual soil-N following harvest response to five urea N rates (0, 34, 67, 134, and 202 kg N ha−1) were assessed in a replicated field study repeated for two growing seasons. Seed yield increased with N rate, but because of the low N conversion efficiency, there appeared to be minimal yield gains in applying N beyond 34 kg ha−1. The lowest amount of soil-N left underutilized in the soil was predicted to occur at 39 kg N ha−1 and was adequate for seed and seed oil commercial calendula production on a Mollisol in the Northern Midwest United States.

The risk of environmental damage: a corporate governance perspective

The risk of environmental damage: a corporate governance perspective