Risk Of Cancer In Type Research Articles

Cancer incidence and mortality in patients with insulin-treated diabetes: a UK cohort study

Raised risks of several cancers have been found in patients with type II diabetes, but there are few data on cancer risk in type I diabetes. We conducted a cohort study of 28 900 UK patients with insulin-treated diabetes followed for 520 517 person-years, and compared their cancer incidence and mortality with national expectations. To analyse by diabetes type, we examined risks separately in 23 834 patients diagnosed with diabetes under the age of 30 years, who will almost all have had type I diabetes, and 5066 patients diagnosed at ages 30–49 years, who probably mainly had type II. Relative risks of cancer overall were close to unity, but ovarian cancer risk was highly significantly raised in patients with diabetes diagnosed under age 30 years (standardised incidence ratio (SIR)=2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22–3.48; standardised mortality ratio (SMR)=2.90; 95% CI 1.45–5.19), with greatest risks for those with diabetes diagnosed at ages 10–19 years. Risks of cancer at other major sites were not substantially raised for type I patients. The excesses of obesity- and alcohol-related cancers in type II diabetes may be due to confounding rather than diabetes per se.

Does insulin therapy lead to an increased risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Does insulin therapy lead to an increased risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Evidence for a putative relationship between type 2 diabetes and neoplasia with particular reference to breast cancer: role of hormones, growth factors and specific receptors.

The issue of a possible relationship between type 2 diabetes and cancer is still debated. Such chronic diseases show a high incidence in the general population. In their pathophysiology both genetic and environmental factors are involved, inducing important modifications of metabolism. Diabetes is associated to profound metabolic alterations, such as hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, which are common in various diseases, i.e. obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia. Those illnesses form the so-called metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance, hyperestrinism and the associated hyperandrogenism may play a role in the onset of some malignancies, such as endometrium cancer, breast cancer and prostate cancer. Low plasma levels of IGF-1 are able to reduce the risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes patients. This goal can be obtained with preventive measures, as physical activity, diet and drugs that can reduce insulin resistance (metformin and thiazolidinediones).

Nicotine and smokeless tobacco induced formation of 8-OHdG: [formula omitted], Nuran Ercal, Daniel Armstrong. University of Missouri-Rolla, Chemistry Department, Rolla, MO 65401

We investigated whether urinary markers of nucleic acid oxidation are associated with an increased risk of cancer in type 2 diabetes patients.Urine samples from 1381 newly diagnosed diabetes patients were assayed for the oxidatively modified guanine nucleosides 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine the relationship between the urinary markers and cancer incidence.The crude analyses showed an association between overall cancer and urinary excretion of the RNA oxidation marker 8-oxoGuo (unadjusted hazard ratio for cancer per natural log increase in 8-oxoGuo 1.35 [95% CI, 1.01–1.81]), however, in the adjusted analyses, no significant associations between 8-oxodG or 8-oxoGuo and overall cancer were found. For site-specific cancers 8-oxodG was associated with breast cancer in the crude analyses (unadjusted hazard ratio for breast cancer per natural log increase in 8-oxodG was 2.37 [95% CI, 1.07–5.26]), although the association was attenuated in the adjusted analyses (sex- and age-adjusted hazard ratio 2.15 [95% CI, 0.92–5.02] and multivariate adjusted hazard ratio1.98 [95% CI, 0.95–4.10]).Urinary excretion of the nucleic acid oxidation markers 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGuo at the time of diagnosis was not associated with cancer overall in type 2 diabetes patients. For site-specific cancers, risk elevations were seen for breast cancer (8-oxodG). These findings should be examined in future and larger studies.