The HPTN 071(PopART) study was a community-randomised trial in Zambia andSouth Africa, examining the impact of combination-prevention including universaltesting and treatment (UTT), on HIV-incidence. This sub-study evaluated factorsassociated with IPV (physical and/or sexual) to identify differences by HIV status.During 2015–16, a random subset of adults who participated in the first year of thePopART intervention were recruited and standardised questionnaires wereadministered. Logistic regression was performed to estimate odds ratios of factors associated with IPV. Among > 700 women studied (300 HIV-negative;400 HIV-positive),~ 20% reported experiencing physical and/or sexual violence in the last 12-months.Sexual violence was similar by HIV status, but physical violence and reporting bothphysical/sexual violence was more common among HIV-positive women. Spendingnights away from the community in the last 12-months was associated with higher oddsof IPV among both HIV-negative (aOR 3.17, 95% CI 1.02–9.81) and HIV-positive women(aOR 1.79, 95% CI 0.99–3.24). Among HIV-positive women, financial autonomy wasassociated with reduced IPV (aOR:0.41,95%CI:0.23-0.75) while pregnancy in the last12-months (aOR 2.25, 95% CI 1.07–4.74), risk of alcohol dependence(aOR 2.75, 95% CI 1.51–5.00) and risk of mental distress (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.33–5.16)were associated with increased IPV. Among HIV-negative women reporting sex in thelast 12-months, transactional sex (aOR 3.97, 95% CI 1.02–15.37) and not knowingpartner’s HIV status (aOR 3.01, 95% CI 1.24–7.29) were associated with IPV. IPV wascommonly reported in the study population and factors associated with IPV differed byHIV status. The association of mobility with IPV warrants further research. The highprevalence of harmful alcohol use and mental distress, and their association with IPVamong HIV-positive women require urgent attention.