Risk Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Research Articles

Patients with ankylosing spondylitis have high risk of irritable bowel syndrome: a long-term nationwide population-based cohort study

ABSTRACT Objective Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease, might carry a high risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) due to abnormal gut microbiota or inflammatory reaction. Methods We conducted a 14-year retrospective cohort study based on Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). A total of 4007 patients with newly diagnosed AS (outpatient visits≧3 times, or hospitalization≧1 time) and 988,084 non-AS comparisons were enrolled during 2000–2012. To ensure baseline comparability, the propensity score was matched by age, gender, comorbidities, and other possible confounders. The outcome was the incidence of IBS, followed up to the end of 2013. Cox proportional hazard model calculated adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and the cumulative incidence of both groups was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Result After propensity score matching, baseline demographic characteristics were comparable between AS patients and the comparison group. The crude HR for IBS in the AS group was significantly higher 2.41 (95%C.I. = 1.84–3.16) than comparison group. After adjusting for possible confounders, adjusted HR was 2.50 (95%C.I. = 1.91–3.29). The cumulative incidence of IBS in AS was significantly higher than non-AS comparisons during the 14-year follow-up (P < 0.001). Conclusion This nationwide population-based cohort study showed that patients with AS have higher risks of IBS than those of the non-AS comparison group.

The changes in prevalence and risk of irritable bowel syndrome over time in a population-based cohort, the HUNT study, Norway

Objective To study the changes in prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the distribution between the sexes and age groups, and risk factors for the disease and its subtypes. Material and methods Every inhabitant of Nord-Trøndelag county, Norway, over 20 years of age was invited to participate in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT). In HUNT3 (2006–2008) and HUNT4 (2017–2019), IBS was assessed by a questionnaire. The standardized prevalence was calculated, and risk factors were assessed by multivariable logistic regression, reporting odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results In HUNT3 and HUNT4, 41,198 and 42,669 individuals were included, respectively. The prevalence of IBS was 7.5% in HUNT3 and 9.5% in HUNT4. Both surveys showed higher prevalence among women and among young adults. In HUNT4, the most prevalent subtype was mixed IBS (46.1%). Women had increased risk of IBS compared to men (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.69–1.96). Age ≥40 years decreased the risk of IBS compared to age <40 years (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75–0.90). Being unmarried increased the risk for IBS compared to being married (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.11–1.32). Both previous (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.20–1.38) and current (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.20–1.51) smokers had increased risk of IBS compared to never smokers. Conclusions IBS is a prevalent disease, and the prevalence has increased between 2006–2008 and 2017–2019. Risk of IBS was increased among women, young adults, smokers and unmarried participants.

The Associations of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms with Risk and Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Although several risk single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to play an important role in etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the findings are inconsistent. A descriptive correlational design was used to analyze the baseline data of a randomized controlled trial including participants with IBS and healthy controls (HC). Pain severity and interference, anxiety, sleep, and fatigue were measured using the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS). Fisher’s exact test and multivariate linear regression were used to investigate the associations between IBS risk alleles and IBS symptoms. Participants were predominantly female, white, and had an average age of 21.13 ± 2.42 years. Polymorphisms within TNFSF15 (rs4263839), SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR, HTR3A (rs1062613), and OXTR (rs2254298) were associated with IBS risk, and TNFSF15 (rs4263839), COMT (rs6269), SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms were associated with pain severity. TNFSF15 (rs4263839) and COMT (rs4680; rs4633) genotypes were associated with sleep disturbance, and the ADRA1D SNP rs1556832 was associated with fatigue in both IBS and HC groups. Genotypic differences were associated with IBS risk and symptoms including abdominal pain, sleep disturbance, and fatigue. Further investigation is warranted to reveal the mechanisms by which these genetic variations influence the dynamic nature of IBS symptoms over time.

Association of Consuming Tap Water or Purified Water during Infancy with Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of consuming formula powder prepared with tap water or purified water during the first 4 to 6 months of life on the subsequent development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Study design and setting: A total of 917,707 children who were born in Korea between 2007 and 2008 were analyzed. All children were followed up until they lost eligibility for health care services or until 2017. Data on the water used to prepare formula powder were from questionnaires answered by the parents when the child was 4 to 6 months old. IBS was defined as two or more diagnoses of IBS after the age of 4 years. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score was used to balance the two groups. The risk of IBS was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: After weighting, there were 73,355 children in the tap water group and 73,351 in the purified water group. The purified water group had a higher risk of IBS (HR: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09). This relationship was also present after the subgroup analyses of males and females and the sensitivity analysis that used different definitions of IBS. Conclusions: Drinking formula powder prepared with purified water rather than tap water during the first 4 to 6 months of age was found to be associated with IBS.

Associations of Lifestyle Factors and Mental Disorders with Risk Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Insights from Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Associations of Lifestyle Factors and Mental Disorders with Risk Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Insights from Mendelian Randomization Analysis

Influence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome on Stress and Depressive Symptoms in Nurses: The Korea Nurses' Health Study.

Despite the high risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and stress/depressive symptoms in nurses, limited research has examined the relationship between these conditions in female nurses. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of IBS and the influence of IBS on stress and depressive symptoms in female nurses. We analyzed the data from the Korea Nurses’ Health Study. Among 7667 participants from the 7th survey conducted from December 2018 to September 2019, 178 nurses were identified as having IBS based on the Rome IV criteria. Using the propensity score matching, 712 were selected as a comparison group. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the influence of IBS on stress and depressive symptoms. The prevalence of IBS was 2.3% and the prevalence of depressive symptoms among nurses with IBS was 13.5%. Female nurses with IBS were 2.214 times more likely to experience increased stress levels. However, when demographics, dietary habits, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms were considered, having IBS was no longer an influential factor for increased stress levels. When all the variables were considered, female nurses with IBS were still 2.205 times more likely to experience depressive symptoms. Adequate support is needed to relieve depressive symptoms in nurses with IBS.

Gluten-free Diet Reduces the Risk of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: Whether a gluten-free diet (GFD) is a cause of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains controversial. We aim at exploring the causal relationship between gluten intake and IBS within Mendelian randomization (MR) design. Methods: We conducted a two-sample MR and selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with GFD as instrumental variables (IVs). SNPs and genetic associations with GFD and IBS were obtained from the latest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in Europeans (GFD: cases: 1,376; controls: 63,573; IBS: cases:1,121; controls: 360,073). We performed inverse variance weighting (IVW) as the primary method with several sensitivity analyses like MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO for quality control. The above analyses were re-run using another large dataset of IBS, as well as changing the p-value threshold when screening IVs, to verify the stability of the results. Results: The final estimate indicated significant causal association [per one copy of effect allele predicted log odds ratio (OR) change in GFD intake: OR = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96 to 0.99, p < 0.01] without heterogeneity statistically (Q = 2.48, p = 0.78) nor horizontal pleiotropy biasing the causality (p = 0.92). Consistent results were found in validation analyses. Results of MR Steiger directionality test indicated the accuracy of our estimate of the causal direction (Steiger p < 0.001). Conclusion: GFD might be a protective factor of IBS. Therefore, we suggest taking a diet of lower gluten intake into account in IBS prevention and clinical practice.

Genome-wide analysis of 53,400 people with irritable bowel syndrome highlights shared genetic pathways with mood and anxiety disorders

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) results from disordered brain–gut interactions. Identifying susceptibility genes could highlight the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. We designed a digestive health questionnaire for UK Biobank and combined identified cases with IBS with independent cohorts. We conducted a genome-wide association study with 53,400 cases and 433,201 controls and replicated significant associations in a 23andMe panel (205,252 cases and 1,384,055 controls). Our study identified and confirmed six genetic susceptibility loci for IBS. Implicated genes included NCAM1, CADM2, PHF2/FAM120A, DOCK9, CKAP2/TPTE2P3 and BAG6. The first four are associated with mood and anxiety disorders, expressed in the nervous system, or both. Mirroring this, we also found strong genome-wide correlation between the risk of IBS and anxiety, neuroticism and depression (rg > 0.5). Additional analyses suggested this arises due to shared pathogenic pathways rather than, for example, anxiety causing abdominal symptoms. Implicated mechanisms require further exploration to help understand the altered brain–gut interactions underlying IBS.

Association between breakfast consumption frequency and the risk of irritable bowel syndrome among Chinese female college students: A cross-sectional study.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder that affects specific groups of people. The relationship between breakfast consumption frequency and the risk of IBS is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between breakfast consumption frequency and the risk of IBS among Chinese female college students.In this cross-sectional study (n = 706) conducted in October 2018, the frequency of breakfast consumption was categorized as 0 to 3 times/week, 4 to 6 times/week, or daily. IBS was diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria and was based on the presence of abdominal pain or discomfort for at least 3 months during the previous 6 months, with at least 2 or more of the following conditions: changes in frequency or form of stool and/or decrease in pain after defecation. We adjusted for confounding factors, including age, only child (yes or no), parents’ educational levels (senior high school or below, college, or postgraduate), parents’ marital status (married, widowed, or divorced), smoking status (smoker or nonsmoker), drinking status (drinker or nondrinker), body mass index, and depressive symptoms. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between breakfast frequency and the risk of IBS.Among 706 participants, 23.7% were the only child in their family, and the proportion of parents divorced or widowed was 18.5%. The proportion of fathers and mothers with high school education or above was 93.3% and 96.3%, respectively. The prevalence of IBS among the participants was 17.3% (122/706). Multivariate logistic regressions analysis showed that breakfast consumption frequency is negatively associated with the risk of IBS after adjusting for confounding factors. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for IBS in the breakfast frequency category of 0 to 3 times/week, 4 to 6 times/week, and daily were 1.00 (reference), 0.96 (0.58, 1.60), and 0.45 (0.26, 0.78), respectively (P = .002).Our data revealed that regular breakfast consumption is associated with a lower risk of IBS among Chinese college students. Future cohort and/or interventional studies should be conducted to further explore the association between breakfast consumption frequency and IBS.

The neglected role of Blastocystis sp. and Giardia lamblia in development of irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The possible role of Blastocystis sp. and Giardia lamblia infections in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has long been controversial. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether these protozoan infections are associated with IBS development. We systematically searched international databases for all studies that reported these protozoa in IBS patients published by May 10, 2021. Studies were included in the review if they were observational studies with confirmed patients with IBS (in case-control and cross-sectional studies) or parasitic infections (cohort studies) with an appropriate control group. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis model for included studies. A total of 32 papers (42 datasets), including 29 papers (31 datasets) for Blastocystis sp./IBS and 11 papers (11 datasets) for G. lamblia/IBS met the eligibility criteria. Our results indicated that the individuals with Blastocystis sp. infection were significantly at a higher risk of IBS development (OR, 1.78; 95%CI, 1.29–2.44). Moreover, cohort studies indicated a significant positive association between G. lamblia infection and IBS risk (OR, 5.47; 95%CI, 4.23–7.08); while an increasing but no statistically significant risk was observed in case-control studies (OR, 1.19; 95%CI, 0.75–1.87). Our findings suggested that Blastocystis sp. and G. lamblia infections are associated with the increased risk of developing IBS. Despite these results, further studies are needed to determine the effect of these protozoa on IBS development.

\u201cAssociation between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and risk of irritable bowel syndrome: a case-control study\u201d

BackgroundPathophysiology of IBS is not well recognized; however, several studies have shown the possible relationship between diet and risk of IBS. We assessed the ability of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) to predict the risk of IBS.MethodsThe subjects were 155 IBS cases and 310 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (aged ≥18 years). The participants were recruited from June, 2019 to March, 2020. IBS was recognized using the Rome IV criteria. DII score was computed based on dietary intake using a 168-item FFQ. The DII score was calculated based on energy-adjusted amounts of nutrients using residual method. Logistic regression models were used to estimate multivariable odds ratios (ORs).ResultsThe mean DII score was significantly higher among IBS patients in comparison to healthy controls (0.78 ± 2.22 vs. − 0.39 ± 2.27). In crude model, increase in DII as continuous variable was associated with a significant increase in the risk of IBS (OR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.1–15.38)). Furthermore, the association remained significant even after adjusting for age and sex (OR (95% CI): 1.28 (1.1–17.41)) and after multivariate adjustment (OR (95% CI): 1.38 (1.2–1.56)). In crude, age and sex adjusted and multivariate-adjusted models subjects in fourth quartile of DII had higher OR in comparison to subjects in first quartile.ConclusionsThis study showed a possible positive association between a pro-inflammatory diet and the risk of IBS. Thus, encouraging intake of more anti-inflammatory dietary factors and reducing intake of pro-inflammatory factors may be a strategy for reducing risk of IBS.

Migraine and the development of additional psychiatric and pain disorders in the transition from adolescence to adulthood.

IntroductionThe transition from childhood to adolescence and from adolescence to adulthood are vulnerable phases in life. In these phases, late or insufficient treatment of diseases may lead to chronification and favor development of additional disorders. In adolescents, migraine often has a highly negative impact on school performance and everyday life. The hypothesis of the present study was that adolescents with migraine have a higher risk for developing additional disorders such as psychiatric disorders or other pain syndromes in the course of the disease.Materials and methodsIn this study, we analyzed health insurance data of 56,597 German adolescents at the age of 15 years in the year 2006. By using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD 10), we determined a group with migraine diagnosis in the year 2006 and a control group without any headache diagnosis in 2006. We then compared both groups regarding the development of additional disorders (based on the ICD 10) during the following 10 years (2007 to 2016).ResultsAdolescents with migraine had a 2.1 fold higher risk than persons without migraine diagnosis to develop an additional affective or mood disorder, a 1.8 fold higher risk to obtain neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, a 1.8 fold higher risk to subsequently suffer from behavioral syndromes, a 1.6 higher risk to get back pain and a 1.5 fold higher risk for irritable bowel syndrome during the next 10 years.ConclusionAdolescents with migraine are at risk for developing additional disorders later. Considering and addressing the patient’s risks and potential medical and psychosocial problems might improve the long-term outcome significantly.

Association between multiple sleep dimensions and functional bowel disorders among Chinese college freshmen

BackgroundAlthough sleep disorder is thought as a risk factor for functional bowel disorders, its impact role in adolescents remains unknown and the contribution of different sleep dimensions may deserve further attention. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between multiple sleep dimensions and functional bowel disorders among Chinese college freshmen. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in college freshmen from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, China in September 2019 with random cluster sampling method. All participants completed questionnaires about living habits, sleep and digestive symptoms. Diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation were based on the Rome IV criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to assess the association of sleep dimensions with irritable bowel syndrome or functional constipation. ResultsBased on the 3335 individuals who completed the questionnaire, the overall prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome and functional constipation in college freshmen were 2.5% and 1.7%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that compared with individuals reporting good sleep quality, those reporting poor (OR = 7.269, 95%CI: 2.876–18.370) were associated with increased risk of irritable bowel syndrome. Similarly, those reporting fair (OR = 2.068, 95%CI: 1.010–4.236) and poor (OR = 5.664, 95%CI: 1.864–17.205) were associated with increased risk of functional constipation. There was no statistically significant association between other sleep dimensions (sleep duration, sleep timing, or sleep latency) and irritable bowel syndrome or functional constipation. ConclusionSelf-reported poor sleep quality was a stronger independent predictor of functional bowel disorders than other sleep dimensions among Chinese college freshmen. Future intervention studies should consider the role of sleep quality for the prevention of FBDs in adolescents.

The relationship between dietary intakes and prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome in adolescent girls: A cross-sectional study.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) leading to substantial reduction in quality of life. This study was undertaken to assess the relationship between diet and prevalence of IBS in female adolescents. In this cross-sectional study, data were examined on 988 adolescent girls from different areas of Mashhad and Sabzevar cities, Iran. A 168-item validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) fordietary intake was used in all the study participants. A diagnosis of IBS was made using the Rome III criteria. Dietary macronutrients, energy, and selected micronutrients of IBS patients were similar to healthy subjects. Comparing the intake of caffeine between groups with and without IBS showed a higher level of consumption in the individuals with IBS (p-value = 0.02; p trend = 0.03). There was a significant positive association between caffeine intake and risk of IBS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, after adjustment for potential confounding variables). Although there was no significant difference in intakes of total dietary fiber (p-value = 0.23) and insoluble dietary fiber (p-value = 0.09) between IBS-positive and IBS-negative subjects, their soluble dietary fiber intake was significantly different (p-value = 0.02, a significant negative association was seen between soluble dietary fiber intake and IBS prevalence, after adjustment for potential confounding variables [p trend = 0.02; OR = 0.59]). The higher intake of caffeine was positively associated with IBS prevalence. Additionally, a negative association was seen between soluble dietary fiber intake and the chance of having IBS.

Factors Affecting Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Medical Students

Background: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is one of the health problems that bring great effects in education, productivity, and socioeconomic life in Indonesia. It accounts for approximately 10.5% of 304 digestive problems in Jakarta, Indonesia. Particular characteristics are known to increase the risk of IBS in individuals, but the study of IBS in Indonesia is still limited in number. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and factors affecting Irritable Bowel Syndrome in medical students.Method: This study is a cross sectional study on medical students of Pelita Harapan University, Karawaci, Tangerang on January 2018 until March 2018. Data were obtained with the use of questionnaire of demographic data, ROME IV IBS Criteria, GAD DSM-IV, and PSQI as the instruments with random sampling technique, and statistically tested using Chi-Squared test.Results: A total of 210 samples consist of 54 subjects with IBS (25.7%) with 43 women (79.6%) and 11 men (20.4%). Findings of bivariate analysis are sex (95% CI, 0.751 - 3.346), obesity (95% CI, 0.612 - 2.673), history of drug consumption (95% CI, 1.246 - 6.742), family history of IBS (95% CI, 1.246 - 6.742), anxiety (95% CI, 1.419 - 9.709), and sleep disorder (95% CI, 0.514 - 1.785).Conclusion: The prevalence of IBS in medical students in our institution is 25.7% with history of drug consumption, family history of IBS, and anxiety as factors statistically significant in IBS.

Impact of tonsillectomy on irritable bowel syndrome: A nationwide population-based cohort study.

Tonsillectomy is a commonly performed surgical procedure worldwide; however, the possible long-term consequences have not been fully explored. The tonsils are secondary lymphoid tissue providing a defensive barrier against pathogens. There are few data in the literature on the relationship between prior tonsillectomy and the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of developing IBS in patients who underwent tonsillectomy using a nationwide longitudinal population-based cohort. We identified 1300 patients with tonsillectomy and 2600 matched controls from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Research Database of the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Propensity score analysis was used for matching age, gender, comorbidities, medications, and index year at a ratio of 1:2. Multiple Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio of IBS. Furthermore, sensitivity tests and a stratified analysis were conducted. The incidence of IBS was 3 per 1,000 person-years in tonsillectomy patients, which was higher than the rate of 1.8 per 1,000 person-years found in non-tonsillectomy patients. After adjustment for patients' age, gender, comorbidities, and medications, patients who underwent tonsillectomy had a 1.84-fold risk of developing IBS compared to those without tonsillectomy (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]:1.84; 95% CI, 1.09-3.09). Stratified analysis revealed that a higher adjusted HR of 3.79 (95% CI, 1.35-10.64) in patients ≥50 years old, and there was a marginally significantly higher adjusted HR of 1.98 (95% CI, 0.99-3.95) of developing IBS when the follow-up period was longer than 3 years. Tonsillectomy was associated with a higher risk of developing IBS. Physicians should provide appropriate monitoring of IBS in patients undergoing tonsillectomy.

Risk of irritable bowel syndrome in patients who underwent appendectomy: A nationwide population-based cohort study.

BackgroundAppendectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures; however, the possible long-term consequences have not been fully explored. The appendix has been associated with microflora of the gut and immune functions. However, literature examining the relationship between prior appendectomy and the risk of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of irritable bowel syndrome for patients who underwent appendectomy by using a nationwide longitudinal population-based cohort.MethodsData from this study was collected from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), a population-based database. We identified 12,760 patients who underwent appendectomy between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2012. A total of 9236 patients who had appendectomy (case group) were randomly matched with 9236 patients who had not undergone appendectomy (control group) in a ratio of 1:1 by means of propensity scores. The hazard ratio (HR) of IBS was calculated by multiple Cox regression. Furthermore, sensitivity test and stratified analysis were performed.FindingsThe incidence rate of IBS was 51.30 per 10,000 person-years in patients having appendectomy, more than the 35.28 per 10,000 person-years in patients not having appendectomy. Patients who underwent appendectomy had 1.46-fold risk of IBS compared to patients not having appendectomy (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.24–1.72). Stratified analysis revealed that the higher HR of 1.55 (95% CI, 1.18–2.04) in patients <40 years old, and particularly within the first 5 years follow-up period of undergoing appendectomy. In addition, patients diagnosed with fibromyalgia had a greater risk of suffering IBS after appendectomy (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.04–1.92).InterpretationPatients with appendectomy have a higher incidental risk of IBS than the control population. The risk is higher for patients under 40 years old and those who received appendectomy within 5 years. Physicians could take this into consideration for treatment plans of patients who have underwent this surgery. Further research on the pathogenesis of this association is required.FundingThis work was supported by grants from the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan (MOHW108-TDU-B-212-133004), China Medical University Hospital, Academia Sinica Stroke Biosignature Project (BM10701010021), MOST Clinical Trial Consortium for Stroke (MOST 108-2321-B-039-003-), Tseng-Lien Lin Foundation, Taichung, Taiwan, and Katsuzo and Kiyo Aoshima Memorial Funds, Japan.

The Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adolescent Girls

Background: Dietary factors are associated with the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults, but no studies have ever investigated the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of IBS among adolescents.&#x0D; Methods: In this cross-sectional study a total of 750 adolescent girls aged 12 to 18 years old were recruited using a random cluster sampling method from several schools in different areas of Mashhad city, Iran. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the modified version of Rome III questionnaire were administered to assess the participants' dietary intakes and IBS, respectively. Socio-demographic data and anthropometric variables were also obtained. Factor analysis was performed to identify major dietary patterns.&#x0D; Results: The dietary patterns of healthy, mix, and western were identified in this study. An inverse non-significant association was also observed between the healthy dietary pattern and IBS (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.47-1.48). The relationship of IBS prevalence with mix and western dietary patterns was also non-significant.&#x0D; Conclusions: No statistically significant associations were found between dietary patterns and IBS among Iranian girl adolescents. Further studies, particularly longitudinal intervention studies with a larger sample size are required in this area.

Risk for Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Patients with Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A Nationwide Population-Based Study Cohort Study in Taiwan.

Background: The association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the risk of developing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has yet to be investigated; thus, we conducted this nationwide cohort study to examine the association in patients from Taiwan. Methods: A total of approximately 2669 individuals with newly diagnosed H. pylori infection and 10,676 age- and sex-matched patients without a diagnosis of H. pylori infection from 2000 to 2013 were identified from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to determine the cumulative incidence of H. pylori infection in each cohort. Whether the patient underwent H. pylori eradication therapy was also determined. Results: The cumulative incidence of IBS was higher in the H. pylori-infected cohort than in the comparison cohort (log-rank test, p < 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, H. pylori infection was associated with a significantly increased risk of IBS (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 3.108, p < 0.001). In addition, the H. pylori-infected cohort who did not receive eradication therapy had a higher risk of IBS than the non-H. pylori-infected cohort (adjusted HR 4.16, p < 0.001). The H. pylori-infected cohort who received eradication therapy had a lower risk of IBS than the comparison cohort (adjusted HR 0.464, p = 0.037). Conclusions: Based on a retrospective follow-up, nationwide study in Taiwan, H. pylori infection was associated with an increased risk of IBS; however, aggressive H. pylori infection eradication therapy can also reduce the risk of IBS. Further underlying biological mechanistic research is needed.

Association of irritable bowel syndrome in patients with atrial fibrillation: a nationwide population-based investigation.

We seek to characterize the association between atrial fibrillation and irritable bowel syndrome. We identify 11,642 cases (atrial fibrillation) and 46,487 sex-, age-, and index year-matched controls (non-atrial fibrillation) from Longitudinal Health Insurance Database. Kaplan-Meier, Cox proportional hazards regression methods and competing risk analysis methods were used to assess the association of atrial fibrillation with outcome of irritable bowel syndrome. After adjustment for gender, age, comorbidities and medications, patients with atrial fibrillation had a significant higher risk (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.12, p < 0.01) to develop irritable bowel syndrome than patients without atrial fibrillation. Compared to participants without atrial fibrillation, those with atrial fibrillation had 1.13-fold (p < 0.05) and 1.11-fold (p < 0.05) risk of irritable bowel syndrome in female and male subgroup, respectively. Among subjects aged ≥65 years, those with AF had 1.11-fold risk of irritable bowel syndrome than non-AF cohort (P < 0.01). Among participants with any one of the comorbidities, those with atrial fibrillation had 1.10-fold risk of irritable bowel syndrome than non-atrial fibrillation cohort (p < 0.05). We report that the presence of atrial fibrillation is associated with greater incidence of irritable bowel syndrome and the association is stronger among female gender, age 65 years or above, and with comorbidities.