Risk Factors For Prehypertension Research Articles

Prehypertension and hypertension among the medical students of public medical colleges in Dhaka, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Background: Prehypertension and hypertension are the leading risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and are increasingly prevalent among young adults. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among medical students of public medical colleges in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 293 medical students of four public medical colleges in Dhaka city. Data on age, sex, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, height, weight, and blood pressure were obtained. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120–139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 80–89 mmHg was considered prehypertensive, while SBP ≥140 mmHg or DBP ≥90 mmHg was classified as hypertensive. Results: The average age was 21.6 years. More than one-fourth (28.0%) were prehypertensive, and 4.8% were hypertensive. Multinomial logistic regression identified male sex (adjusted odds ratio, 4.6; 95% confidence interval, 2.5–8.3) and overweight (aOR 2.0; 95% CI 1.1–3.5) as the risk factors of prehypertension. For hypertension, the risk factors were male sex (aOR 9.7; 95% CI 2.3–42.0), ever alcohol consumption (aOR 18.0; 95% CI 1.3–249.8), and overweight (aOR 6.6; 95% CI 1.3–32.6). Conclusion: We report that one-third of the medical students have prehypertension and hypertension. Overweight and alcohol consumers should be considered for targeted intervention.

Prevalence and risk factors of pre-hypertension and hypertension among adults in Southeastern Iran: Findings from the baseline survey of the Zahedan adult cohort study

Hypertension (HTN) stands as the leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease(CVD) and premature death globally. Understanding its prevalence and risk factors is essential for effective prevention and management of HTN. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Pre-hypertension (pre-HTN), HTN, and its risk factors in adults participating in the Zahedan adult cohort study (ZACS). This cross-sectional study used the baseline data of the ZACS. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for potential risk factors. Among the 10,016 participants in this study, 60.89% were women, with an average age of 50.44 ± 9.18 years. The prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN was 42.03% (men 45.44%, women 39.84%) and 18.47% (men 21.09%, women 16.79%), respectively. Being male, older age, having higher socioeconomic status (SES), being overweight and obese, having a family history of HTN, comorbidities such as diabetes and CVD, as well as abnormal blood lipid levels (triglycerides and HDL cholesterol) were the most significant predictors of pre-HTN and HTN. These findings highlight that more than half of the participants in this study exhibit pre-HTN or HTN, placing them at risk for CVD and stroke. Implementing comprehensive preventive strategies tailored to these identified risk factors is imperative to alleviate the disease burden, enhance disease management, and improve HTN treatment and control.

Prevalence and risk factors of pre-hypertension and high blood pressure among adolescents in Cameroonian schools.

Blood pressure (BP) is the main driver of mortality with 12.8% of all deaths worldwide. Adolescents are not spared, precisely in Cameroon where they constitute more than half of its population. The objective of our work was to describe the prevalence and risk factors of pre-hypertension and high blood pressure (HBP) among adolescents in Cameroonian schools. Descriptive study over 5 months; from January to May 2019. The study population consisted of students from private and public schools in the city of Douala. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and personal background data were collected. Physical activity (PA) was assessed using the short International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with pre-hypertension and HBP. Differences were considered significant for p<.05. We recruited 771 students with an average age of 16±1 years with female predominance (51.4%). The prevalences of pre-hypertension and HBP were 6.6% and 3%, respectively. Overweight/obesity (OR=4.6; p<.0001), hyperglycemia [(OR=4.06; p=.001)] physical inactivity (OR=1.85; p=.019), and public institutions (OR=1.87; p=.02) were associated with pre-hypertension. Similarly, overweight/obesity (OR=2.99; p=.022), hyperglycemia (OR=14.05; p<.0001), and physical inactivity (OR=8.58; p<.0001) were correlated with HBP. Pre-hypertension and HBP are high in Cameroonian school adolescents and their risk factors are overweight/obesity, hyperglycemia, and physical inactivity.

Prevalence and associated factors for prehypertension and hypertension among Indonesian adolescents: a cross-sectional community survey

ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence and determine the associated factors for developing prehypertension and hypertension among Indonesian adolescents.DesignNational cross-sectional study.SettingThis study was conducted in all the provinces in Indonesia.ParticipantsThe population in...

PS-P09-4: OBESITY AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AS AN INFLAMMATION MARKER AND THE RISK OF PREHYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS

Objective: It has been reported that obesity could trigger the elevation of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and abnormal lipid metabolism, manifesting in the progression of metabolic diseases (hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and type 2 diabetes). Regarding the high prevalence of obesity both in developed and developing countries, assessing hsCRP as an inflammation marker is essential to prevent the high risk of the diseases. We aim to assess the association between obesity with hsCRP and prehypertension among adults. Design and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2021 in urban and rural areas. A total of 109 healthy adults were involved with inclusion criteria: aged 19 to 64 years, did not have pregnancy or breastfeeding for women, and did not have any metabolic disease histories. The data was collected by trained enumerators and blood samples were taken by a trained phlebotomist, including socio-demographic, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure, and hs-CRP. A BMI of 30.00 kg/m2 and above was categorized as obesity. A waist circumference of 88 cm above (female) and 102 cm above (male) was categorized as central obesity. A blood pressure of 120 to 139 mmHg (systolic) or 80 to 89 mmHg (diastolic) was classified as prehypertension. The hsCRP of above 3.0 mg/L was classified as a high level. Results: 52.3% of the subjects were female, and 60.6% of them were living in urban. As 68.8% were obese, 78% were prehypertension, and 30.3% had high hsCRP. There was no association between obesity (BMI) with hsCRP (p &gt; 0.05) yet central obesity (WC) was significantly associated with hsCRP (p = 0.028, PR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.1–6.9). Being female increases by 3.5 higher risk of prehypertension than male (p = 0.015, 95% CI 1.3–9.8) while age was not a risk factor for prehypertension. The nutritional status, determined by BMI and WC, and hsCRP were not significant risk factors for prehypertension, even after being adjusted with covariates. Conclusion: Adults with central obesity increased by 2.8 greater risks of high-level hsCRP than normal. Nutritional status and hsCRP were not the risk factors for prehypertension, even after being adjusted with covariates. Comprehensive nutrition intervention, including personalized nutrition and creating a healthier environment, is needed to encourage adults in improving their healthy habits and preventing negative health outcomes.

Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension in Algeria

BackgroundHypertension, also referred to as the silent killer, is known to be one of the most common chronic diseases in the world today. This study aimed to identify the prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension among Algerian population.MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study involving individuals aged 18 to 69 years old who were identified in the database of the national survey on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) risk factors conducted in Algeria between 2016 and 2017 using the World Health Organization’s (WHO) STEPwise approach.Differences in prevalence between normotensives, prehypertensives and hypertensives were assessed using the chi-square test. We also looked at the role of numerous socio-demographic, economic, geographical, and behavioural factors in blood pressure status using a logistic regression model.ResultsThe prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 36.2% (95% confidence interval: 35.2–37.5%) and 31.6% (95% CI: 30.5–32.7%) respectively. Prehypertension was shown to be substantially higher in males than in women, while hypertension was found to be higher in females compared to men. In addition, both sexes had a rise in the prevalence of blood pressure as they grew older.A according to multivariate logistic regression analysis, the main common risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension were ageing, obesity, and abdominal obesity. Moreover hypercholesterolemia, and marital status (separated/divorced) were correlated to hypertension.ConclusionPrehypertension and hypertension are high and epidemic in Algeria. Therefore, the urgent quantification and monitoring of their risk factors becomes a necessity to plan appropriate preventive measures, in order to fight against NCDs in general.

Risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension among workers at public elderly welfare facilities in Taiwan: A cross-sectional survey.

The prevalence and factors that influence prehypertension and hypertension in workers at elderly welfare facilities remain unknown. This study investigated prehypertension and hypertension as well as the relevant factors affecting the development of these conditions in workers at elderly welfare facilities.A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 242 workers at 3 elderly welfare facilities in northern Taiwan. A structured questionnaire survey comprising demographic characteristics, job characteristics, burnout inventory, and health information was employed for data collection. Chi-Squared tests and multinomial logistic regression were adopted to analyze the correlation between research variables and blood pressures as well as relevant factors influencing prehypertension and hypertension.The results indicated that sex, age, education level, type of work shift, work-related burnout, and body mass index of the research participants were significantly correlated with prehypertension and hypertension. The results of multinominal logistic regression demonstrated that being male, being older, being a nonnurse assistant, being obese, working in shifts, and having moderate or severe work-related burnout were associated with higher risks of prehypertension and hypertension. The interaction between age and being a nonnurse assistant was statistically significant. Compared with nonnurse assistants, nurse assistants aged ≥55 years had a relatively low risk of prehypertension and hypertension.Age, job characteristics, work-related burnout, and obesity of workers in elderly welfare facilities were the major risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension.

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Prehypertension among Young and Middle-Aged Health Check-Up Population in Guangzhou

Objective: To provide basic information and theories for prehypertension early intervention, a systematic analysis of the epidemic status and risk factors among young and middle-aged was carried out here. Methods: This study relied on the data bank of a health check-up population of a class a tertiary general hospital in Guangdong province in 2015. Total 9540 young and middle-aged adults were enrolled, and 733 people were included to find out the effect with lifestyle in these crowd. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) of Factor (FA) was used to identify dietary patterns. The logistic regression model was used to find the risk factors of prehypertension. Results: Among 9540 young and middle-aged cases, the incidence of prehypertension was 36.6%. Moreover, the average age, proportion of male gender, overweight, FBG (fasting blood glucose), dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia were significantly higher in the prehypertension group than in the optimal BP group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age, total cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, body mass index and HR (heart rate) were risk factors, and female was a protective factor for prehypertension. Among 733 cases, the incidence of prehypertension was 35.1%. The proportion of smoking, drinking, physical workers, moderate and severe physical activity, and the intake of meat, dietary energy were significantly higher in the prehypertension group than in the optimal BP group. Dietary patterns included “meat model”, “spice model”, “main vegeTables model” and “high protein model”. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age, drinking were risk factors for prehypertension, while dietary milk intake, dietary magnesium intake were protective factors. Conclusions: Prehypertension is highly prevalent in Guangzhou. However, education about effective lifestyle modifications as an alcohol limit, increasing the intake of dairy products, and magnesium may intervene in the development of prehypertension. But how to develop targeted interventions for such groups need to be further explored. The present study would lay the theoretical foundation and basic data for the next step.

Prevalence and predictors of prehypertension and hypertension in adult population of rural Southern India-An epidemiological study.

Introduction:Hypertension is considered as one of the major health problem worldwide and the most important risk factor for non-communicable diseases.Aims:To estimate the prevalence and the risk factors of prehypertension and hypertension.Methods and Material:A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult population of rural area of Chittoor District. WHO STEPS was applied for data collection from 1,742 study participants aged 18 years and above. Chi-square test, Fisher exact, and ANOVA test applied to find out the intragroup and intergroup variable association with raised blood pressure.Results:The overall prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension in our study was 21.5% [95% CI: (19.6–23.5)] and 42.8% [95% CI: (39.5–46.3)], respectively. Males had higher prevalence when compared to females. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 118.7 ± 17.6 mmHg and 77.1 ± 9.7 mmHg, respectively. The odds of being hypertensive was higher among older age group (OR: 3.83), male study participants (OR: 1.83), either widowed or separated (OR: 2.03), unemployed (OR: 1.51), and those who belonged to upper socioeconomic status (OR: 2.01). Those who were overweight (OR: 3.15), obese (OR: 2.55) and having central obesity (OR: 1.74), and also tobacco smokers (OR: 1.53) were having higher odds of hypertension. Significant association was found between hypertension and age, gender, marital status, body mass index, abdominal obesity, tobacco smoking, and physical inactivity.Conclusion:The prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in this study was found to be high in rural area of Andhra Pradesh. There is a need to develop a community-based program, which would aim at minimizing the risk factors of hypertension.

Prevalence and risk factors of pre hypertension and hypertension among postmenopausal women of urban slums of Hyderabad

Introduction: Hypertension is the leading risk factor as well as component of cardiovascular diseases which is on rise and emerging as a major public health problem. Due to the paucity of studies among postmenopausal women on pre hypertension and hypertension this study was taken up in urban slums of Hyderabad. Aim and Objectives: 1. To determine the prevalence of pre hypertension and hypertension among post menopausal women and; 2. To assess their relationship with risk factors. Materials and Methods: A community based cross sectional study was undertaken in urban slums of Hyderabad among four hundred and thirty post menopausal women. Detailed history on dietary, lifestyle, personal habits, reproductive and socio demographic variables was taken to relate with pre hypertension and hypertension which was graded using Joint national committee (JNC 7). Results: The prevalence of pre hypertension was 29% and hypertension was 35% among post menopausal women. Significant association was found with increasing age, duration of menopause, family history of hypertension, extra salt intake and sedentary lifestyle. Conclusions: Hypertension among post menopausal women poses a major threat due to complications associated with it and these are much amenable by primordial and primary preventive strategies. Keywords: Pre hypertension, Hypertension, Modifiable risk factors, JNC7, Primordial prevention, Post menopause.

Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control, and Related Factors of Hypertension among Tajik Nomads Living in Pamirs at High Altitude.

Background Hypertension is a global problem, for which high-altitude residents exhibit higher burden. Hypertension in Tajik nomads from Pamirs with an average altitude above 4000 m remains less studied. We aimed to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control, and risk factors associated with hypertension among Tajik population in Pamirs. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and September 2015 using stratified three-stage random sampling in Taxkorgan county, Pamirs, China. Hypertension is defined as mean systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) ≥140/90 mmHg and/or taking antihypertensive medication within the past two weeks. The prevalence (SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥80 mmHg) was also estimated using the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) High Blood Pressure Guideline. The awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension and associated factors were evaluated. Results Totally, 797 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled with 46.3% men and 88.8% nomads with the mean age of 42.3 ± 15.2 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 24.2% (140/90 mmHg), and the prevalence was as high as 40.3%, based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline. Overall awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were 52.8%, 40.9%, and 9.3%, respectively. In multivariate logistic regression, BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2 (OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.44–4.04) was a risk factor for prehypertension, and age ≥60 years (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15–3.61), BMI ≥24.0 kg/m2 (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.15–3.61), and abdominal obesity (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.09–3.22) were risk factors for hypertension. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers were the most commonly used antihypertensive medication (45.4%) as monotherapy, and 13.6% of treated hypertensive patients used two drugs. Conclusions There is a considerable prevalence of hypertension with low awareness, treatment, and control rates among Tajik nomads in Pamirs, where health programs improving the hypertension status are urgently needed, with the excess weight loss as a strategy.

Prevalence and risk factors for pre-hypertension and hypertension amongst school going adolescents in a rural area: an observational study

Background: Hypertension seen in childhood can progress into adulthood thereby increasing morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Younger the age of onset of hypertension, the greater is the reduction of life expectancy if left untreated. With increase in incidence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension in children; it is important to measure and record blood pressure along with weight and height at least once a year as recommended by National Institute of Health (NIH) task force of USA. Aims and objectives was to determine the prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension and to identify the associated risk factors for them in school going adolescents.Methods: An observational/cross-sectional study conducted among adolescents studying between Std 5th to Std 9th. A total 507 students belonging to the age group of 10-17 years were examined. Anthropometric measurements were taken to calculate Body Mass Index (BMI) and Blood pressure was measured by using mercury sphygmomanometer. Gender, age and height were considered for determining hypertension.Results: Amongst the 507 children, prevalence of pre-hypertension was 15.4% and that of hypertension was 10.85%. The study also revealed statistically significant higher prevalence of hypertension in males than in females. Family history of hypertension and dietary habits, obesity were positively correlated with higher prevalence of hypertension. A higher prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension was seen in the present study group compared to the similar studies in the state.Conclusions: The prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension among adolescent school children was 15.38% and 10.8% respectively. Possible risk factors for this current trend may be the increasing sedentary life style, faulty eating habits, and increased fat/salt contents of diet. The results suggest the need for more public awareness and prevention programs for childhood obesity and hypertension.

Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in university students in Sabah, Borneo Island of East Malaysia.

Unhealthy lifestyle contributes mainly to an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases tend to increase in Malaysia. These diseases lead to an increased risk of end organ damage and cardiovascular complications. In this study, the prevalence of prehypertension and its associated risk factors among a cohort of university students in Sabah was determined.This is a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted among 365 undergraduate students irrespective of faculties at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Standardized and validated World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data. Additionally, clinical and anthropometric data were measured and recorded by a trained staff, followed by descriptive and logistic regression analyses.A total of 365 UMS undergraduate students aged 18 years and above participated in the study. The prevalence of prehypertension among university students was high (31%) (95% CI [29.1%, 34.3%]). Well-known risk factors for hypertension including family history of hypertension, reduced sleep duration, reduced physical activity, smoking, being overweight or obese were significantly associated with the risk of developing prehypertension (P < .05) among UMS students. However, no association was observed between ethnicity, age, and gender with prehypertension.A worryingly high percentage of UMS students are prehypertensive, indicating the need of early preventive strategies aimed at increasing awareness, early screening, and lifestyle modification to reduce the rising burden of the disease and the associated complications in this age group.

STUDY ON PRE-HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE AND RELATIONSHIP WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA IN ADULTS AT QUANG NAM PROVINCE

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, risk factors of prehypertension in QuangNam province of Vietnam. Methods: A case-control study of 3,237 adults (aged ≥ 25 years) was conducted in Quang Nam province, Vietnam in 2017, using questionnaire interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. Blood pressure, anthropometry, plasma glucose and lipids were measured. The variables contributing significantly to pre-hypertension were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of prehypertension was 30.7%, hypertension 31.6% and normal blood pressure was 37.7%. Lipid disorders such as high total cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, high LDL-C levels were significantly higher in prehypertensive than optimal blood pressure (BP). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed strong positive associations of pre-hypertension with high triglyceride levels (OR = 1.41, CI 95%: 1.13 - 1.75, p = 0.002); high LDL-C levels (OR = 1.42; CI 95%: 1.03 - 1.97; p = 0,034). The area under the ROC curve of triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL-C was 0.578; 0.566; 0.549, respectively. There was a positive correlation of blood cholesterol, blood triglyceride, blood LDL-C with changes in systolic BP, diastolic BP, and average BP. Conclusions: The prevalence of prehypertension in Quang Nam province of Vietnam was 30.7%. High cholesterol, high triglycerides, high LDL-C level were significantly associated with prehypertension. Key words: Lipid – prehypertension

STUDY ON PRE-HYPERTENSION PREVALENCE AND RELATIONSHIP WITH DYSLIPIDEMIA IN ADULTS AT QUANG NAM PROVINCE

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, risk factors of prehypertension in QuangNam province of Vietnam. Methods: A case-control study of 3.237 adults (aged ≥ 25 years) was conducted in Quang Nam province, Vietnam in 2017, using questionnaire interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. Blood pressure, anthropometry, plasma glucose and lipids were measured. The variables contributing significantly to pre-hypertension were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of prehypertension, hypertension and normal blood pressure was 30.7%, 31.6% and 37.7%, respectively. Cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight and obesity, family history of hypertension, alcohol abuse, smoking, diabetes, high total cholesterol levels, high triglyceride levels, high LDL-C levels were significantly greater in prehypertensive compared to optimal blood pressure (BP). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed strong positive associations of pre-hypertension with alcohol abuse (OR = 1.68; CI 95%: 1.29-2.20; p &lt; 0.001), diabetes (OR = 3.39; CI 95%: 1.32 - 8.65; p=0.011); high triglyceride levels (OR = 1.41, CI 95%: 1.13 - 1.75, p = 0.002); high LDL-C levels (OR = 1.42; CI 95%: 1.03 - 1.97; p=0.034). There was a positive correlation of cardiovascular risk factors such as BMI, abdominal circumference, blood glucose, blood cholesterol, blood triglyceride, blood LDL-C with changes in systolic BP, diastolic BP, and average BP. Conclusions: The prevalence of prehypertension in Quang Nam province of Vietnam was 30.7%. Risk factors such as alcohol abuse, diabetes, high triglycerides, high LDL-C were significantly associated with prehypertension. Key words: cardiovascular risk factors - hypertension – prehypertension

Awareness and sociodemographic factors of prehypertension among adult cases attending rural health training center of a medical college

Background: Prehypertension elevates the risk of cardiovascular disease and that of end-stage renal disease. The objectives of creating such a category in the classification were to increase awareness of the importance of identifying individuals in whom early intervention by the adoption of healthy lifestyles could lower blood pressure (BP) and thus decrease the rate of progression to hypertensive levels. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the proportion and sociodemographic factors and other risk factors of pre-hypertension among the cases visiting Rural Health Training Centre (RHTC) of a Government Medical College, to know the awareness about prehypertension, and to create awareness among them. Materials and Methods: The present hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in RHTC of a Government Medical College from January to February 2015 (2 months). The sample size was 200. All patients 18 years and above visiting outpatient department of RHTC were enrolled in the study. Data were collected using a predesigned and a pretested questionnaire. Results: A total of 210 patients were enrolled in this study. Overall, 101 (48%) had pre-hypertension and 109 (52%) patient had normal BP levels. Increasing age, marital status, occupation, excess salt intake, lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet, addiction, lack of regular exercise, and the presence of obesity (as per body mass index) were significantly associated with pre-hypertension. No study subjects were aware of the concept of prehypertension. Conclusion: Our study highlights the high proportion of prehypertension. The study gives important information regarding various risk factors associated with prehypertension. Simple lifestyle modifications such as low intake of salt and inclusion of fruits and vegetables in the daily diet, quitting an addiction, and regular exercise decreases overall BP. Education regarding lifestyle and dietary practices at individual and family level are needed to bring about effective changes.

Prediction of Prehypertenison and Hypertension Based on Anthropometry, Blood Parameters, and Spirometry.

Hypertension and prehypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, the associations of both prehypertension and hypertension with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension in middle-aged Korean adults and to study prediction models of prehypertension and hypertension combined with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the statistical significance of prehypertension and hypertension, and prediction models were developed using logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and decision trees. Among all risk factors for prehypertension, body mass index (BMI) was identified as the best indicator in both men [odds ratio (OR) = 1.429, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.304–1.462)] and women (OR = 1.428, 95% CI = 1.204–1.453). In contrast, among all risk factors for hypertension, BMI (OR = 1.993, 95% CI = 1.818–2.186) was found to be the best indicator in men, whereas the waist-to-height ratio (OR = 2.071, 95% CI = 1.884–2.276) was the best indicator in women. In the prehypertension prediction model, men exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.635, and women exhibited a predictive power with an AUC of 0.777. In the hypertension prediction model, men exhibited an AUC of 0.700, and women exhibited an AUC of 0.845. This study proposes various risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension, and our findings can be used as a large-scale screening tool for controlling and managing hypertension.

Risk factors of pre-hypertension and hypertension among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in northeastern Tanzania: a community based cross-sectional study.

To determine risk factors of pre-hypertension and hypertension in a cohort of 1247 rural Tanzanian women before conception. Demographic and socioeconomic data, anthropometric measurements, past medical and obstetric history and other risk factors for pre-hypertension and hypertension were collected using a structured questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the associations between anthropometric indices and other risk factors of pre-hypertension and hypertension. The predictive power of different anthropometric indicators for identification of pre-hypertension and hypertension patients was determined by Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (ROC). The median (range) age was 28.0 (18-40) years. The age-standardised prevalences of pre-hypertension and hypertension were 37.2 (95% CI 34.0-40.6) and 8.5% (95%CI 6.7-10.8), respectively. Of hypertensive patients (n = 98), only 20 (20.4%) were aware of their condition. In multivariate analysis, increasing age, obesity and haemoglobin levels were significantly associated with pre-hypertension and hypertension. Despite a low prevalence of hypertension, over one third of the women had pre-hypertension. This poses a great challenge ahead as pre-hypertensive women may progress into hypertension as they grow older without appropriate interventions. Obesity was the single most important modifiable risk factor for pre-hypertension and hypertension.

A15763 Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pre-Hypertension in a Rural Area in Telangana, India

A15763 Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pre-Hypertension in a Rural Area in Telangana, India

A17484 Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in a population of Central Vietnam

A17484 Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in a population of Central Vietnam